Patent Application
20210100316
The described embodiments generally relate to articles of footwear and methods of making articles of footwear. In particular, described embodiments relate to articles of footwear with uppers including a component made by winding a continuous thread into a thread pattern.
Individuals are often concerned with the durability, weight, and/or comfort of an article of footwear. This is true for articles of footwear worn for non-performance activities, such as a leisurely stroll, and for performance activities, such as running. Durable footwear will properly function for an extended period of time. Lightweight footwear minimizes the weight an individual has to carry on his or her feet and may be comfortable for an individual. Customized footwear may increase comfort for an individual because it is tailored to the individual's foot anatomy.
For some individuals, for example athletes, stability and propulsion may be desired characteristics for an article of footwear. Footwear that facilitates propulsion (e.g., forward and/or upward motion) may help an athlete perform at an optimal athletic level. Stability for footwear, an in particular stability in portions supporting the ankles of an individual, may reduce the chance of injury to the individual's feet.
Proper footwear should be durable, comfortable, and provide other beneficial characteristics for an individual. Therefore, a continuing need exists for innovations in footwear and components used to manufacture the footwear.
Some embodiments are directed to a method of making an upper for an article of footwear, the method including defining a plurality of peripheral anchor points; winding a continuous thread around the plurality of peripheral anchor points to form a thread pattern, the continuous thread including a plurality of thread lines with each thread line extending between two respective peripheral anchor points; and bonding the continuous thread at a point of intersection between the thread lines.
Some embodiment are directed to a method of making an upper for an article of footwear, the method including winding a continuous thread around a set of pins to form a thread pattern, the pins being coupled to and extending from a support structure and disposed at locations corresponding to a perimeter of the upper, and the continuous thread including a plurality of thread lines, where each thread line extends between two respective pins; and bonding the continuous thread to itself at one or more of the plurality of pins.
Some embodiments are directed to an article of footwear including a sole; and an upper coupled to the sole, the upper including a plurality of anchor points disposed along a perimeter of the upper, and a continuous thread fixed at the plurality of anchor points and including a plurality of thread lines with each thread line extending between two respective anchor points, where the anchor points have a thread line communication number of three or more, and where the continuous thread is bonded at the plurality of anchor points.
Some embodiments are directed to an article of footwear including a sole; and an upper coupled to the sole, the upper including a perimeter layer including an outer edge and an inner edge, a first plurality of thread line groups including three or more thread lines extending radially from respective areas on the outer edge, and a second plurality of thread line groups including three or more thread lines extending radially from respective areas on the inner edge, where the thread lines of the first plurality of thread line groups and the thread lines of the second plurality of thread line groups are bonded to each other at points of intersection between the thread lines.
Some embodiments are directed to a method of making an article of footwear, the method including winding a continuous thread around a set of pins to form a thread pattern for an upper of the article of footwear, the pins coupled to and extending from a support structure and disposed at locations corresponding to a perimeter of the upper, and the continuous thread comprising a plurality of thread lines, where each thread line extends between two respective pins; and bonding the continuous thread to itself at one or more of the plurality of pins.
The present invention(s) will now be described in detail with reference to embodiments thereof as illustrated in the accompanying drawings. References to “some embodiments”, “one embodiment”, “an embodiment”, “an exemplary embodiment”, etc., indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but every embodiment may not necessarily include the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
An article of footwear has many purposes. Among other things, an article of footwear may serve to provide cushioning for a wearer's foot, support a wearer's foot, and protect a wearer's foot. Each of these purposes, alone or in combination, provides for a comfortable article of footwear suitable for use in a variety of scenarios (e.g., exercise and every day activities). The features of an article of footwear (e.g., the materials and components used to make footwear, and the way these materials/components are assembled in a manufacturing process) may be altered to produce desired characteristics, for example, durability, support, weight, tackiness, texture, haptics, and/or breathability.
Durable footwear will properly function for an extended period of time and may instill a wearer's trust in a specific manufacturer's footwear, leading to repeat sales. Supportive footwear may protect an individual's feet from injury. For example, an article of footwear configured to provide ankle support may prevent injury to an individual's ankle by inhibiting undue twisting of the ankle. Lightweight footwear may be conformable for an individual, and for individuals competing in an athletic activity, such as running or biking, may provide a competitive edge due to the decreased weight the individual carries on his or her feet. Breathable footwear may increase comfort for an individual by wicking sweat and heat away from an individual's foot. Designing footwear having a high degree of one or more of these characteristics without detrimentally affecting other characteristics of the footwear may be desirable. Additionally, proper fitting footwear which adapts to the wearer's foot or is correctly shaped to the wearer's foot may provide a benefit in comfort and stability, particularly during changes of direction. The proper zoning of areas of support, flexibility, stiffness, and softness may also benefit the wearer by more accurately providing him or her desired characteristics of the footwear for different movements, or different parts of their foot.
Propulsion enabled by an article of footwear may optimize the performance of a wearer's foot by, for example, maximizing the energy transfer from the individual's foot to the surface his or her foot is in contact with (e.g., the ground), via the article of footwear. Maximizing the energy transfer between the individual's foot and a surface (i.e., reducing energy lost via and/or absorbed by an article of footwear) may help an athlete, for example, accelerate faster, maintain a higher maximum speed, change directions faster, and jump higher. Designing footwear having a high degree of propulsion without detrimentally affecting other characteristics of the footwear may be desirable. Providing tackiness in specific areas on an upper may tailor an upper to an individual's liking. For example, some soccer players may like a soccer boot that is smooth for ease of dribbling while others may like high friction for control during hard strikes.
An article of footwear, or a portion thereof (e.g., an upper), may be configured to provide various degrees of durability, support, weight, breathability, etc. But the cost of manufacturing the article of footwear may also be a consideration. Footwear, or a portion thereof, that may be manufactured at a relatively low cost may be desirable for manufacturers and consumers. Footwear that can be manufactured using a relatively small amount of resources (e.g., energy and man power), materials, and time reduces manufacturing costs and may also reduce the environmental impact of manufacturing.
Further, a manufacturing process that facilitates the manufacture of customized footwear without increasing the complexity of the manufacturing process may be desirable. Customizing an article of footwear, or a portion thereof (e.g., an upper), for a particular individual or a group of individuals having similar foot anatomies (e.g., foot size and shape) may provide proper support and increased comfort for an individual. Also, it may allow an individual to order/buy articles of footwear customized to his or her needs. Moreover, it may allow the individual to order/buy new and/or replacement articles of footwear customized to his or her needs when desired.
The articles of footwear discussed herein include a component, for example an upper or a sole, made by winding one or more continuous threads into a desired thread pattern. In some embodiments, the continuous thread(s) may be wound around and between fixed anchor points. In some embodiments, the continuous thread(s) may be wound around and between moveable anchor points. Winding the continuous thread(s) around the anchor points includes wrapping a continuous thread around a first anchor point, extending that continuous thread to a second anchor point, wrapping that continuous thread around the second anchor point, and so on. The number and position of the anchor points may be utilized to control characteristics of the thread pattern, and therefore the article of footwear component. Also, the number of times a continuous thread is wound from anchor point to anchor point may be utilized to control characteristics of the thread pattern, and therefore the article of footwear component.
Continuous thread(s) of a thread pattern may be bonded within the thread pattern. The bonding of continuous thread(s) of a thread pattern may consolidate the thread pattern and fix thread lines in a wound pattern. In some embodiments, bonding continuous thread(s) of a thread pattern may be utilized to control characteristics of the thread pattern. In some embodiments, a continuous thread may be bonded to itself within a thread pattern. In some embodiments, a continuous thread may be bonded to itself at one or more anchor points of a thread pattern. In some embodiments, a continuous thread may be bonded to itself at points of overlap between different thread lines of the continuous thread (i.e., at thread line intersection points). In some embodiments, different continuous threads of a thread pattern may be bonded together. In some embodiments, different continuous threads may be bonded to each other at one or more anchor points of a thread pattern. In some embodiments, different continuous threads may be bonded to each other at points of overlap between the different continuous threads (i.e., at intersection points between the different continuous threads). The bonding of continuous thread(s) may fix the continuous thread(s) in tension as the thread(s) are wound around anchor points in tension. The bonding of thread(s) in tension allows a thread pattern to contract once removed from anchor points used to wind the thread pattern, which may be utilized to control characteristics of the thread pattern.
In some embodiments, a plurality of different continuous threads may be wound around anchor points to form a thread pattern. In some embodiments, different continuous threads may be wound in the same configuration (i.e., around the same anchor points and along the same paths). In some embodiments, different continuous threads may be wound in different configurations (i.e., around one or more different anchor points and/or along different paths between one or more anchor points). Different continuous threads may define different wound layers for a footwear component. And these different layers may provide different characteristics for a thread pattern, and therefore the footwear component.
Continuous thread(s) may be wound around anchor points in various configurations to provide varying degrees of characteristics for an article of footwear component. The number of anchor points, the position of the anchor points, and/or the way continuous threads are wound around the anchor points may be utilized to produce a footwear components having desired characteristics, such as strength, support, propulsion, breathability, comfort, tackiness, abrasion resistance, fit, texture, haptics, and durability. Characteristics of a footwear component can be varied by changing the arrangement of anchor points and/or the way continuous thread(s) are wound around the anchor points. Characteristics can also be varied by altering the material of continuous thread(s).
In some embodiments, when winding continuous threads for an upper, the anchor points may be peripheral anchor points arranged in positions corresponding to a perimeter of an upper, or a portion of an upper, for an article of footwear. Winding a continuous thread around and between the peripheral anchor points may define the perimeter shape of the upper, or portion of an upper. And the way continuous thread(s) are wound between respective peripheral anchor points (i.e., the winding path for the continuous thread(s)) can be leveraged to produce an upper having desired characteristics.
Winding continuous thread(s) as described herein may facilitate customization of an article of footwear component for an individual, or group of individuals. The location of anchor points, the number and configuration of continuous threads wound around the anchor points, and the material of the continuous thread(s) may be tailored for an individual, or group of individuals. Customization via tailoring of a wound thread pattern may facilitate flexible and efficient manufacturing by reducing the number of changes in a manufacturing process needed to customize a footwear component (e.g., an upper) for an individual, or group of individuals. For example, in some embodiments, the configuration of a single continuous thread within a thread pattern, may be the only parameter altered between uppers for different individuals, or groups of individuals. A change in the configuration of a continuous thread within a thread pattern may alter, for example, the strength, support, propulsion, breathability, comfort, tackiness, abrasion resistance, texture, haptics, and/or durability for different areas on an upper.
In some embodiments, the thread pattern for wound continuous thread(s) may be based on a biometric data profile for an individual, or group of individuals. In some embodiments, the number and/or location of anchor points be based on a biometric data profile for an individual, or group of individuals. In some embodiments, the number and configuration of continuous threads within a thread pattern may be based on a biometric data profile for an individual, or group of individuals. In some embodiments, the material of different continuous threads within a thread pattern may be based on a biometric data profile for an individual, or group of individuals. Tailoring a thread pattern by tailoring anchor point locations, wound thread configurations, and/or materials of continuous threads may provide a footwear component (e.g., upper) with desired support, stability, durability, weight, propulsion, abrasion resistance, tackiness, and/or breathability for an individual, or group of individuals.
Upper 120 may be formed of one or more components that are stitched, bonded, or otherwise joined together to form a structure for receiving and securing a foot relative to sole 180. And upper 120 includes a least a portion defined by a thread pattern 122. Thread pattern 122 is made by winding one or more continuous threads into a thread pattern as discussed herein. Thread pattern 122 is not a knitted or woven pattern. Thread pattern 122 may be referred to as a thread network of adjacent and overlapping thread lines. In some embodiments, thread pattern 122 may include a network of individual thread lines that form a substantially continuous material with minimal void space between thread lines. As used herein, “void space” means an opening extending through a thread pattern between thread lines of the thread pattern. In some embodiments, the substantially continuous material may have a ratio (V:T) of void space (V) to thread material (T) of at least 1:1 measured across all or a portion of an outer surface of a thread pattern. In some embodiments, the ratio of void space to thread material may be at least 1:1, 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:20, 1:50, or 1:100. In some embodiments, a thread pattern may include a network of thread lines that form a continuous material with no void space between thread lines. A ratio of void space to thread material may be measured for a thread pattern before or after bonding of thread lines. In some embodiments, bonding of thread lines may serve to reduce the amount of void space of a thread pattern. For example, thermally bonding thread lines via a polymer material of the thread lines may reduce the amount of void space by filling in void space with thermally melted polymer material.
Thread pattern 122 may wrap around all or a portion of the sides, the top, and/or the heel of a wearer's foot. In some embodiments, thread pattern 122 may wrap around at least a portion of the bottom (i.e., the sole) of a wearer's foot when worn. For example, an upper with thread pattern 122 may wrap the sole of a wearer's foot when worn (see e.g., thread pattern 1002 in
Upper 120 may extend along the lateral side of the foot, along the medial side of the foot, over the foot, around a heel of the foot, and/or under the foot. Upper 120 defines a void 155, which is a generally hollow area that has the general shape of a foot and is configured to receive the foot. An opening of void 155 may be defined in whole or in part by a collar 156 located in at least heel portion 114 of upper 120.
In addition, upper 120 includes a throat area 150 extending from collar 156 towards forefoot portion 110 of upper 120. Throat area 150 extends over a dorsal area of a wearer's foot that corresponds generally to the location of a wearer's cuneiform and metatarsal bones. In some embodiments, throat area 150 may define a portion of the opening of void 155 to assist a wearer in inserting and removing his or her foot from void 155. In some embodiments, throat area 150 may define an opening for a tongue 154 that extends between lateral and medial perimeter sides of throat area 150 and moveably opens and closes a portion of void 155 to enhance the adjustability of footwear 100. In some embodiments, throat area 150 may be a “tongue-less” throat area 150.
Upper 120 may also include one or more eyelets 152 formed in a perimeter portion of throat area 150 for securing and tensioning a shoe lace. In some embodiments, eyelets 152 may be integrally formed during formation of upper 120. In some embodiments, eyelets 152 may be separate components coupled to upper 120 via, for example, stitching or an adhesive. A shoe lace may extend through the eyelets 152 and permits a wearer to adjust dimensions of upper 120 to accommodate his or her foot. More particularly, the shoe lace may allow a wearer to tighten or loosen upper 120 around his or her foot. In addition to or alternative to eyelets 152, upper 120 may include other lace-receiving elements, such as loops or hooks.
In some embodiments, upper 120 may include a heel counter 158. Heel counter 158 provides cushioning, support, and/or protection for a wearer's heel and/or Achilles tendon. In some embodiments, heel counter 158 may be a separate piece attached to the reminder of upper 120 via, for example, stitching and/or an adhesive. In some embodiments, heel counter 158 may be an integral component of upper 120. In other words, heel counter 158 may be formed in the same manner as other components of upper 120 (e.g., via a winding process as discussed herein).
With reference to
In some embodiments, upper 120 may include a fabric layer 172 disposed on the outer surface and/or the inner surface of thread pattern 122. As used herein, the term “outer surface” or “outer side” refers to the surface of a component that faces away from the foot when worn by a wearer. And “inner surface” or “inner side” refers to the surface of a component that faces toward the foot when worn by a wearer.
In some embodiments, fabric layer 172 may be a woven, non-woven, or knitted polymeric layer. In some embodiments, fabric layer 172 may be a woven, non-woven, or layer composed of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polyester, polyamide, polyethylene (PE), PE foam, polyurethane (PU) foam, and co-polymers or polymer blends including one or more these polymers. In some embodiments, fabric layer 172 may be a bioengineered woven, knitted or layered synthetic spider silk, woven, knitted or layered plant based materials, or woven, knit or layered recycled and/or extruded plastics. In some embodiments, fabric layer 172 may be film or sheet of a polymeric material, such as thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polyester, polyamide, polyethylene (PE), PE foam, polyurethane (PU) foam, and co-polymers or polymer blends including one or more these polymers. In some embodiments, fabric layer 172 may include a plurality of layers stacked vertically and/or arranged side-by-side. In some embodiments, the plurality of layers may be laminated. In some embodiments, fabric layer 172 may be a woven, non-woven, or knitted layer for providing cushion and/or thermal insulation for article of footwear 100. In some embodiments, fabric layer 172 may be a sock bootie.
Upper 120 and sole 180 may be configured for a specific type of footwear, including, but not limited to, a running shoe, a hiking shoe, a water shoe, a training shoe, a fitness shoe, a dancing shoe, a biking shoe, a tennis shoe, a cleat (e.g., a baseball cleat, a soccer cleat, or a football cleat), a basketball shoe, a boot, a walking shoe, a casual shoe, or a dress shoe. Moreover, sole 180 may be sized and shaped to provide a desired combination of cushioning, stability, and ride characteristics to article of footwear 100. The term “ride” may be used herein in describing some embodiments as an indication of the sense of smoothness or flow occurring during a gait cycle including heel strike, midfoot stance, toe off, and the transitions between these stages. In some embodiments, sole 180 may provide particular ride features including, but not limited to, appropriate control of pronation and supination, support of natural movement, support of unconstrained or less constrained movement, appropriate management of rates of change and transition, and combinations thereof.
In some embodiments, sole 180 may include traction elements, such as cleats 182. In some embodiments, sole 180 may include a midsole coupled to an outsole. For example, in reference to
In some embodiments, portions of sole 180 (e.g., midsole 782 and outsole 784) may comprise different materials to provide different characteristics to different portions of sole 180. In some embodiments, midsole 782 and outsole 784 may have different hardness characteristics. In some embodiments, the material density of midsole 782 and outsole 784 may be different. In some embodiments, the moduli of the materials used to make midsole 782 and outsole 784 may be different. As a non-limiting example, the material of outsole 784 may have a higher modulus than the material of midsole 782.
Sole 180 and portions thereof (e.g., midsole 782 and outsole 784) may be formed using suitable techniques, including, but not limited to, injection molding, blow molding, compression molding, and rotational molding. In some embodiments, midsole 782 and outsole 784 may be discrete components that are formed separately and attached. In some embodiments, midsole 782 may be attached to outsole 784 via, for example, but not limited to, adhesive bonding, stitching, welding, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, midsole 782 may be attached to outsole 784 via an adhesive disposed between midsole 782 and outsole 784.
As shown in
Thread pattern 122 may include a plurality of anchor points 134 and a continuous thread 130 fixed at a plurality of anchor points 134. In some embodiments, anchor points 134 may be disposed along a perimeter of upper 120 (e.g., in perimeter portion 162). Such anchor points 134 may be referred to as “peripheral anchor points.” As used herein, “thread” means a material having a length that is substantially larger than its width. A “thread” may be a filament, a fiber, a yarn, a knitted element, a cable, a cord, a fiber tow, a tape, a ribbon, a monofilament, a braid, a string, and other forms of materials which can be spooled and laid down with the same technique.
As used herein, “anchor point” means a location to which a thread or group of thread lines is fixedly attached. A thread or thread line may be wrapped, wound, bonded, or otherwise attached at an anchor point. An anchor point may be a location on an upper (e.g., anchor points 134). For example, an anchor point may be a hole or opening left behind by a structure (e.g., pin, projection, or nub) used to wind continuous thread(s) of a thread pattern. In some embodiments, a thread pattern for an upper may not include any anchor point locations because all the anchor point locations present during winding of the thread pattern have been removed (e.g., cut off the thread pattern). An anchor point may also be a structure (e.g., pin, projection, or nub) used to wind continuous thread(s) of a thread pattern. And the anchor point structure may or may not form a portion of a thread pattern for an upper. For example, a thread pattern for an upper may be removed from anchor points defined by metal pins, but anchor points defined by pins composed of a meltable material may be present in a thread pattern for an upper (after being melted and re-solidified).
Continuous thread 130 may be wrapped around a plurality of anchor points 134 and includes a plurality of thread lines 132. Each thread line 132 extends between two respective anchor points 134. Continuous thread(s) 130 may be wrapped around a plurality of anchor points 134 in tension such that individual thread lines 132 are in tension when wrapped around anchor points 134. In some embodiments, different continuous threads 130 and/or thread lines 132 may be wrapped around anchor points 134 at different tensions to impart desired characteristics to thread pattern 122. By winding continuous(s) threads 130 in tension, thread pattern 122 may bonded while thread lines 132 are under tension such that thread lines 132 are in tension in a bonded thread pattern 122. Bonding thread lines 132 while thread lines 132 are under tension fixes the thread lines 132 in tension within thread pattern 122. Fixing thread lines 132 in tension will result in thread lines 132 wanting to contract when removed from anchor points used to wind thread pattern 122. In cases where a portion of a thread line 132 is not bonded in a fully fixed position, the thread line 132 may contract when removed anchor points. In such embodiments, the portion(s) of the thread line 132 that is/are fixed during a bonding process will be under tension while the other portion(s) will be free to contract, and thus will not be under tension in thread pattern 122. In embodiments where different thread lines 132 were wound at different tensions, different thread lines 132 of thread pattern 122 will be under different values of tension in thread pattern 122. The tension of thread lines 132 may be utilized to control characteristics of thread pattern 122, and therefore upper 120.
The number of thread lines 132 fixed at an anchor point 134 is defined by the “thread line communication number” of an anchor point 134. As used herein, “thread line communication number” means the number of thread lines extending from an anchor point to different anchor points. Two thread lines extending between the same two anchor points (i.e., overlaying thread lines) only counts as “1” for purposes of calculating a thread line communication number for the anchor points. For example, a thread line communication number of five means that an anchor point has five thread lines extending from it with each of the five thread lines leading to another, different anchor point. As another example, a thread line communication number of six means that an anchor point has six thread lines extending from it with each of the six thread lines leading to another, different anchor point.
Anchor points 134 may have a thread line communication number of “X” or more for continuous thread 130. In some embodiments, two or more respective anchor points 134 may have a thread line communication number of “X” or more. In some embodiments, all the anchor points 134 of thread pattern 122 may have a thread line communication number of “X” or more. “X” may be, for example, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, or within a range having any two of these values as end points. For example, as show in
Thread lines 132 may be bonded at anchor points 134. Thread lines 132 may be bonded at anchor points 134 via an adhesive, a bonding layer, thermal (conductive or convective) heat (e.g., in a heat press or oven), IR (infrared) heating, laser heating, microwave heating, steam, a mechanical fastener (e.g., a clip), hook and loop fasters, needle-punching, hydro-entanglement, ultrasonic/vibratory entanglement, felting, knotting, or by pushing one thread line through the other thread line(s). In some embodiments, thread lines 132 may be directly bonded together at anchor points 134 (e.g., via the polymeric material of continuous thread 130). In some embodiments, thread lines 132 may be directly bonded together at perimeter portion 162 via the polymeric material(s) of continuous thread 130. For example, heat and pressure may be applied to perimeter portion 162 of upper 120 to directly bond thread lines 132 in perimeter portion, and at any peripheral anchor points 134 within perimeter portion 162. In embodiments including direct bonding of thread lines 132 at a perimeter portion and/or anchor points, thread lines 132 are bonded at the perimeter portion and/or anchor points without the use of an adhesive or bonding layer.
In some embodiments, thread lines 132 may be bonded together via a bonding layer. In some embodiments, thread lines 132 may be bonded together at anchor points 134 (e.g., peripheral anchor points) via a bonding layer. In such embodiments, the bonding layer is attached to one or more anchor points 134 and mechanically couples the anchor point(s) 134 to each other. The bonding layer may be, for example, a laminated layer, an adhesive layer, a stitched layer, a cured layer, or a screen-printed layer as described herein. In some embodiments, the lamination layer, adhesive layer, cured layer, or screen-printed layer may serve to encase anchor points 134 in a bonding layer. The bonding layer may bond thread lines 132 via any suitable mechanical bonding technique, for example the bonding techniques discussed in regards to
In some embodiments, the bonding layer may include a perimeter portion defining all or a portion of perimeter portion 162. Perimeter portion 162 illustrates a bonding layer in
In some embodiments, thread lines 132 may be bonded at points where thread lines 132 overlap in thread pattern (i.e., intersection points 136). Thread lines 132 may be bonded at intersection points 136 via an adhesive, a bonding layer, thermal (conductive or convective) heat (e.g., in a heat press or oven), IR (infrared) heating, laser heating, microwave heating, steam, a mechanical fastener (e.g., a clip), hook and loop fasters, needle-punching, hydro-entanglement, ultrasonic/vibratory entanglement, felting, knotting, or by pushing one thread line through the other thread line(s). In some embodiments, thread lines 132 may be directly bonded together at intersection points 136 (e.g., via the polymeric material of continuous thread 130). In embodiments including direct bonding of thread lines 132 at intersection points 136, thread lines 132 are bonded at intersection points 136 without the use of an adhesive or bonding layer. In some embodiments, a bonding layer may bond thread lines 132 together at a plurality of intersection points 136 within thread pattern 122. In embodiments including multiple continuous threads, thread lines of respective continuous threads may be bonded at intersection points between the thread lines, either directly or via a bonding layer.
Upper 120 may include a plurality of thread line groups including “Z” or more thread lines 132 extending radially from respective areas on the outer edge of perimeter portion (e.g., extending radially from biteline 160). Similarly, upper 120 may include a plurality of thread line groups including “Z” or more thread lines 132 extending radially from respective areas on the inner edge of perimeter portion (e.g., extending radially from collar 156 and a perimeter portion of throat area 150).
In some embodiments, continuous thread 130 includes overlaying thread lines 132. As used herein, “overlaying thread lines” means two or more thread lines that follow the same path between two respective anchor points. Overlaying thread lines need not be overlaid directly over each other. Two or more thread lines are considered overlaying as long as they extend between the same two anchor points. Thread pattern 122 may include one or more continuous threads 130 with thread lines 132 crossing over underlying thread line(s) 132 in various directions. The thread lines 132 of thread pattern 122 may not be woven or knitted together. The thread lines 132 of thread pattern 122 may not be embroidered threads stitched to a base layer. Thread lines 132 may be threaded over each other to form a thread network defining a patterned layer for an article of footwear component.
In some embodiments, continuous thread 130 may be a polymer thread. As used herein “polymer thread” means a thread composed at least in part of a polymeric material. In some embodiments, a polymer thread may be composed entirely of one or more polymeric materials. In some embodiments, a polymer thread may include a polymeric material coated around a core (which may or may not be composed of a polymeric material). In such embodiments, the core may be encapsulated by the coating material. In some embodiments, a polymer thread may include a non-polymer core coated, covered, or encapsulated with a polymeric material. In some embodiments, a polymer thread may include a polymer core coated, covered, or encapsulated with a non-polymeric material. In some embodiments, a polymer thread may be a braided thread with one or more braids composed of a polymeric material. In some embodiments, the polymeric material(s) of a polymer thread may be thermoplastic material(s). In some embodiments, continuous thread 130 may be a thread coated with an activatable adhesive, for example a heat activated adhesive.
Suitable polymeric materials for polymer threads discussed herein include, but are not limited to, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), a rubber, and silicone. In some embodiments, the TPU may be recycled TPU. In some embodiments, the polymeric material may be a photo-reactive (infrared or ultraviolet light reactive) polymeric material, such as a photo-reactive TPU. In some embodiments, the polymeric material may be soluble (e.g., water-soluble). In embodiments including polymer threads with a coated core, suitable materials for the core include, but are not limited to, polyester, nylon, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (e.g., DYNEEMA® (a type of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene)), carbon fiber, KEVLAR® (a type of para-aramid), bioengineered woven, knit or layered materials (e.g., synthetic spider silk), woven, knit or layered plant based materials, knit or layered recycled and/or extruded plastics, cotton, wool, and natural or artificial silk. In some embodiments, polymer threads may be thermoplastic polyurethane coated polyester threads produced by Sambu Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. of Korea. In some embodiments, continuous thread 130 may be a non-polymer thread composed of non-polymer materials, such as carbon fiber, cotton, wool, or silk. In some embodiments, polymer threads may be a thermoplastic melt yarn, polymer yarn with non-melt core, and other similar types of yarn.
In some embodiments, upper 120, and thread pattern 122, includes more than one continuous thread. For example, as shown in
Like continuous thread 130, continuous thread 170 may include a plurality of thread lines wound around and extending between two respective peripheral anchor points 134. And anchor points 134 may have a thread line communication number of “Y” or more for second continuous thread 170. The thread line communication number for second continuous thread 170 may be the same as or similar to the thread line communication number for continuous thread 130. “Y” may be less than “X”, more than “X”, or the same as “X”.
In some embodiments, first continuous thread 130 may be composed of the same material(s) as second continuous thread 170. In some embodiments, first continuous thread 130 may be composed of different material(s) than second continuous thread 170. The material(s) of different continuous threads in a thread pattern may be selected to provide targeted characteristics to areas of a thread pattern, and therefore an upper. In embodiments including polymer thread(s) having a core coated with a polymeric material, the material of the core for different continuous threads may be different or the same. And the material of the core for different continuous threads may be selected to provide targeted characteristics to different areas of a thread pattern, and therefore an upper. Similarly, for braided threads, the material(s) of the braided thread(s) may be selected to provide targeted characteristics to different areas of a thread pattern, and therefore an upper.
In some embodiments, continuous threads of a thread pattern may have a denier in the range of 1 denier to 3000 denier, including subranges. For example, continuous threads may have a denier of 1, 10, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1100, 1200, 1300, 1400, 1500, 1600, 1700, 1800, 1900, 2000, 2100, 2200, 2300, 2400, 2500, 2600, 2700, 2800, 2900, or 3000 denier, or within any range having any two of these values as endpoints. In some embodiments, continuous threads of a thread pattern may have a denier in the range of 100 denier to 2000 denier. In some embodiments, continuous threads of a thread pattern may have a denier in the range of 300 denier to 1200 denier.
In some embodiments, the denier of continuous thread(s) in a thread pattern may be selected to provide varying degrees of a characteristic (e.g., strength or stretchability) to different areas of the thread pattern. In embodiments including coated threads, the denier of the core material and/or the overall denier of the continuous thread(s) may be selected to provide varying degrees of a characteristic (e.g., strength or stretchability) to different areas of a thread pattern. As a non-limiting example, a larger overall diameter or a larger core diameter for a given continuous thread may increase the degree of directional strength imparted by the given continuous thread within a thread pattern.
While
In embodiments including a plurality of continuous threads, each wound continuous thread may define a layer of thread pattern 122. For example, a layer defined by wound continuous thread 130 may define a first layer of thread pattern 122 and a layer defined by wound continuous thread 170 may define a second layer of thread pattern 122. And different layers of a thread pattern may be disposed over each other in areas of overlap between the two layers. For example, a first layer defined by continuous thread 130 may be disposed over a second layer defined by continuous thread 170, or vice versa, in areas of overlap between the two layers. Different layers defined by different continuous wound threads may provide different characteristics to different areas of upper 120.
In some embodiments, one or more of the layers of thread pattern 122 defined by a wound continuous thread may serve to bond other layers of thread pattern 122 together. In such embodiments, these one or more layers may be wound using a polymeric thread, which when heated, bonds other layers of thread pattern 122 together at anchor points and other intersection points between continuous threads. For example, in a thread pattern 122 including three layers, each defined by a continuous thread, one of the three continuous threads (e.g., the middle continuous thread) may be a polymeric thread that serves to bond all three threads together. In some embodiments, one or more of the layers of thread pattern 122 may be defined by a wound continuous thread coated or impregnated with an adhesive. In some embodiments, the adhesive may be activated with the application of heat. In some embodiments, the adhesive may be a dissolvable adhesive that, when contacted with a solvent, such as water, fully or partially dissolves to bond continuous threads. In some embodiments, one or more layers of thread pattern 122 may be defined by a wound continuous thread that is a braided or twisted thread including a polymeric and/or adhesive thread braided or twisted with a non-polymeric or non-adhesive thread. In such embodiments, the braided or twisted polymeric and/or adhesive thread may serve to bond thread lines 132 at anchor points 134 and/or intersection points 136.
In some embodiments, thread pattern 122 may define at least 10%, at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, or at least 90% of a component of upper 120. In some embodiments, thread pattern 122 may occupy at least 10%, at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, or at least 90% of the outer surface area of upper 120. In some embodiments, thread pattern 122 may be visibly exposed on the outer surface of upper 120. In some embodiments, no lamination layer or supporting textile layer is disposed over thread pattern 122 on the outer surface of upper 120. In some embodiments, thread pattern 122 may be devoid of a lamination layer.
Thread pattern 122 may provide targeted characteristics (e.g., strength, support, propulsion, breathability, comfort (stretchability), tackiness, abrasion resistance, texture, haptics, and durability) to areas of upper 120. In some embodiments, thread pattern 122, or a portion thereof, may provide a first degree of a characteristic in one area of upper 120 and a second degree of that characteristic in a second area of upper 120.
For example, in some embodiments, thread pattern 122, or a portion thereof, may have a first degree of stretchability or strength in a longitudinal direction between forefoot end 102 and heel end 104 of upper 120 and a second degree of stretchability or strength in a transverse direction between a medial side 106 and a lateral side 108 of upper 120. In some embodiments, the first degree of stretchability or strength may be greater than the second degree of stretchability or strength. In some embodiments, the first degree of stretchability or strength may be less than the second degree of stretchability or strength. In some embodiments, the stretchability or strength of thread pattern 122 may be configured to have an angled stretchability or strength (i.e., a maximum or minimum stretchability or strength in a direction between the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction). In some embodiments, different degrees and/or directions of stretchability or strength in different sections/areas of upper 120 may be used to create angled stretchability or strength for upper 120 as a whole.
As another example, thread pattern 122, or a portion thereof, may have a first degree of breathability or tackiness in heel portion 114 of upper 120 and a second degree of breathability or tackiness in forefoot portion 110 of upper 120. In some embodiments, the first degree of breathability or tackiness may be greater than the second degree of breathability or tackiness. In some embodiments, the first degree of breathability or tackiness may be less than the second degree of breathability or tackiness.
In step 220, one or more continuous threads (e.g., continuous thread 130) may be wound (wrapped) around the defined anchor points such that individual thread lines (e.g., thread lines 132) of the continuous thread(s) extend between two respective anchor points. Winding continuous thread(s) in step 220 forms a desired thread pattern (e.g., thread pattern 112). During winding step 220, anchor points are defined by fixed or moveable members, such as pins, projections, nubs, or shafts coupled to a support structure (e.g., pins 1250 coupled to pin assembly plate 1250). These fixed members serve to support continuous thread(s) during winding step 220. For example, thread(s) may be wound around anchor points on a plate, a three-dimensional object (e.g., a last), or a frame as discussed herein. In some embodiments, the plate, object, or frame may be held stationary and a winding device may wind thread(s) around stationary anchor points. In some embodiments, the plate, object, or frame may move relative to a stationary thread source during winding.
The anchor point locations about which one or more continuous threads are wound (wrapped) in step 220 may be temporary structures that are removed from a thread pattern defining an upper, or may be present in a thread pattern defining an upper. Portions of a thread pattern having one or more temporary anchor point locations may be cut from, or otherwise removed from, a thread pattern when shaping a thread pattern into an upper. In such embodiments, a thread pattern for a finished upper will have a fewer number of anchor point locations than the number of anchor point locations used in winding the thread pattern. For example, anchor points in excess thread pattern 642 of on exterior side of bonding layer 630 in
In step 230, the continuous thread(s) are bonded within the thread pattern. In some embodiments, continuous thread(s) may be bonded at points of intersection between thread lines via, for example, an adhesive, a bonding layer, thermal (conductive or convective) heat (e.g., in a heat press or oven), IR (infrared) heating, laser heating, microwave heating, steam, a mechanical fastener (e.g., a clip), hook and loop fasters, needle-punching, hydro-entanglement, ultrasonic/vibratory entanglement, felting, knotting, or by pushing one thread line through the other thread line(s). In some embodiments, continuous thread(s) may be bonded at the anchor points via, for example, an adhesive, a bonding layer, thermal (conductive or convective) heat (e.g., in a heat press or oven), IR (infrared) heating, laser heating, microwave heating, steam, a mechanical fastener (e.g., a clip), hook and loop fasters, needle-punching, hydro-entanglement, ultrasonic/vibratory entanglement, felting, knotting, or by pushing one thread line through the other thread line(s). In some embodiments, step 230 includes the formation of a bonding layer for bonding thread lines together.
In some embodiments, method 200 may include multiple winding steps 220 and multiple bonding steps 230. For example, a portion of a thread pattern may be wound in a first winding step 220 and then that portion may be bonded in a first bonding step 230. Then a second portion of a thread pattern may be wound in a second winding step 220 and then that portion may be bonded in a second bonding step 230. In some embodiments, bonding step 230 may include a preliminary bonding step to hold the pattern of a thread pattern until a final bonding step is performed. For example, a preliminary bonding step may allow a thread pattern to be removed from anchor point pins and be finally bonded after removal.
In some embodiments, steps 220 and 230 are performed in the absence of a base layer disposed between the thread pattern and the support structure (e.g., pin assembly plate 1250). As used herein “base layer” means a layer of material employed to facilitate the placement or arrangement of threads when winding and/or bonding a thread pattern. A base layer may be a layer to which threads are bonded, stitched, woven into, printed on, deposited on, or otherwise in contact with during manufacturing of a thread pattern. A layer attached to a thread pattern after formation of the thread pattern is complete is not considered a base layer.
In some embodiments, a support layer may be attached to a thread pattern in step 240. In some embodiments, the support layer attached in step 240 may be a fabric layer 172 discussed herein. In some embodiments, the thread pattern may be attached to a sole in step 250 to form an article of footwear. In some embodiments, continuous thread(s) of the thread pattern may be directly attached to a sole in step 250 via, for example, stitching, an adhesive, a lamination process, or a heat pressing process. In some embodiments, the bonding layer of a thread pattern may be attached to a sole in step 250 via, for example, stitching, an adhesive, a lamination process, or a heat pressing process. In embodiments including a support layer, the support layer may additionally or alternatively be attached to the sole in step 250. In some embodiments, step 250 may include shaping a thread pattern into the shape of an upper (e.g., by cutting excess portions of a thread pattern to for a thread pattern with a perimeter shape for an upper).
In some embodiments, the anchor points in step 210 may be defined by pins coupled to and extending from a supporting structure, such as a plate, platform, or three-dimensional object. In some embodiments, the three-dimensional object may be a last or other three dimensional object having a volumetric shape corresponding to the shape of a human foot. In operation, the pins defining the anchor points are configured to support the continuous thread(s) during winding in step 220.
First continuous thread 310 may be wound about anchor point pins 304 with thread lines 312 extending between two respective anchor point pins 304. In other words, first continuous thread 310 may be wrapped around a first anchor point pin 304, threaded to a second anchor point pin 304, wrapped around the second anchor point pin 304, threaded to a third anchor point pin 304, wrapped around the third anchor point pin 304, and so on.
Similar to first continuous thread 310, second continuous thread 320 may be wound around anchor point pins 304 with thread lines 322 extending between two respective anchor point pins 304. A continuous thread wrapped or wound around an anchor point pin (or other anchor point members discussed herein) need not be wrapped or wound completely (i.e., 360 degrees) around a perimeter of the pin. A continuous thread wrapped or wound around an anchor point pin may be wrapped or wound around only a portion of a pin. For example, a continuous thread wrapped or wound around a pin may be wrapped or wound around 25% (90 degrees) of a pin's perimeter, 50% (180 degrees) of a pin's perimeter, 75% (270 degrees) of a pin's perimeter, or 100% (360 degrees) of a pin's perimeter. In some embodiments, a continuous thread may be wrapped or wound around a pin's perimeter more than once before being threaded to the next pin. For example, a continuous thread may be wrapped or wound around a pin's perimeter one and a half times (540 degrees) or twice (720 degrees) before being threaded to the next pin.
Continuous threads 310 and 320 may be wrapped around any number of anchor point pins 304 to define thread pattern 302. In some embodiments, continuous thread 310 and/or continuous thread 320 may be wrapped or wound around a single anchor point pin 304 more than once during winding in step 220. For example, during winding in step 220, first continuous thread 310 may be wrapped around a first anchor point pin 304, threaded to and wrapped around a second anchor point pin 304, thread to and wrapped around a third anchor point pin 304, and threaded to and wrapped around the first anchor point pin 304 again. As another example, during winding in step 220, first continuous thread 310 may be wrapped around a first anchor point pin 304, threaded to and wrapped around a second anchor point pin 304, and threaded to and wrapped around the first anchor point pin 304 again. In such embodiments, this creates overlaying thread lines 312.
During winding in step 220, thread lines 312 of first continuous thread 310 may overlap each other at intersection points 316. Similarly, thread lines 322 of second continuous thread 320 may overlap each other at intersection points 326. In bonding step 230, thread lines 312 and/or 322 may be bonded at intersection points 316 and 326, respectively. Each anchor point pin 304 may have a thread line communication number for first continuous thread 310 and second continuous thread 320 as discussed herein.
Peripheral anchor point pins 404 may be arranged in a peripheral area corresponding to a perimeter portion of an upper including thread pattern 402. Interior anchor point pins 406 may be disposed in the area between peripheral anchor point pins 404 (i.e., within perimeter portion 162 of upper 120, including the quarter panels, vamp portion, and toe box portion of upper 120 including thread pattern 402). Interior anchor point pins 406 may be arranged to provide additional points for fixing thread lines in a thread pattern. These additional points may provide desired characteristics to corresponding areas of a thread pattern, and therefore an upper. Interior anchor points, such as interior anchor point pins 406 may be utilized in the formation of any thread pattern discussed herein.
Similar to first continuous thread 310, continuous thread 410 may be wound around anchor point pins 404 and 406 with thread lines 412 extending between two respective anchor point pins 404/406. For example, continuous thread 410 may be wrapped around a first anchor point pin 404, threaded to a second anchor point pin 406, wrapped around the second anchor point pin 406, threaded to a third anchor point pin 404, wrapped around the third anchor point pin 404, and so on.
Also similar to continuous thread 310, continuous thread 410 may be wrapped around any number of anchor point pins 404/406 to define thread pattern 402. In some embodiments, continuous thread 410 may be wrapped or wound around a single anchor point pin 404/406 more than once during winding in step 220. Further, during winding in step 220, thread lines 412 of continuous thread 410 may overlap each other at intersection points 416. And each anchor point pin 404/406 may have a thread line communication number for continuous thread 410. In bonding step 230, thread lines 412 may be bonded at anchor points 404/406 and/or intersection points 416.
In some embodiments, padding may be incorporated into a thread pattern for providing cushioning, support, and/or protection to areas of an upper. In some embodiments, padding may be incorporated into a thread pattern prior to bonding in step 230. Padding may be incorporated into one or more areas of an upper (e.g., upper 120), such as but not limited to, the throat area 150 of upper 120, collar 156 of upper 120, heel counter 158 of upper 120, biteline 160 of upper 120, quarter panels of upper 120, vamp portion of upper 120, and toe box portion of upper 120.
Similar to other thread patterns discussed herein, thread pattern 500 includes first and second continuous threads 510 and 520 wound around anchor points 514 with thread lines 512 and 522 extending between two respective anchor points 514. Thread lines 512 of first continuous thread 510 may overlap each other at intersection points 516. Similarly, thread lines 522 of second continuous thread 520 may overlap each other at intersection points 526.
In some embodiments, padding elements 530 may be disposed within thread pattern 500 vertically between thread lines 512 of first continuous thread 510 and/or thread lines 522 of second continuous thread 520. In such embodiments, padding elements 530 may be suspended between thread lines 512/522 of thread pattern 500. For example, in some embodiments, some thread lines 512 may be disposed above (i.e., on the outer side of) padding elements 530 and some thread lines 512 may be disposed below (i.e., on the inner side of) padding elements 530 to support padding elements within thread pattern 500. As another example, in some embodiments, some thread lines 522 may be disposed above padding elements 530 and some thread lines 522 may be disposed below padding elements 530 to support padding elements within thread pattern 500. As another example, in some embodiments, some thread lines 512 may be disposed above padding elements 530 and some thread lines 522 may be disposed below padding elements 530. Padding elements 530 may be composed of, for example, neoprene, ePEBA, eTPU, EVA, TPU, or a foam, such as polyethylene foam, polyurethane foam, or a urethane foam. Padding elements 530 may be placed within thread pattern 500 during winding step 220 so as to suspend padding elements 530 within thread pattern 500.
After winding one or more continuous threads in step 220 to form a thread pattern, thread lines of a thread pattern may be bonded to mechanically set the thread pattern. Thread lines may be bonded at one or more anchor points, one or more intersection points, and/or in an area corresponding to bonding layer (e.g., perimeter portion 162 of upper 120).
Thread pattern 600 may be made using method 200 and may be used to construct an upper (e.g., upper 120) as discussed herein. Similar to other thread patterns discussed herein, thread pattern 600 includes first and second continuous threads 610 and 620 wound around anchor points 614/650 with thread lines 612 and 622 extending between two respective anchor points 614. Thread lines 612 of first continuous thread 610 may overlap each other at intersection points 616. Similarly, thread lines 622 of second continuous thread 620 may overlap each other at intersection points 626. Anchor points 614 are peripheral anchor points and anchor points 650 are interior anchor points disposed between peripheral anchor points 614.
Bonding layer 630 is configured to bond thread line groups 618 of thread lines 612 and/or thread line groups 628 of thread lines 622 at respective areas 632 of bonding layer 630. Thread line groups 618/628 bonded at respective areas 632 may extend radially from areas 632. In some embodiments, bonding layer 630 may coincide with one or more anchor points 614. In such embodiments, groups of thread lines 612 and/or 622 may be bonded at areas 632 of bonding layer 630 including anchor points 614. In such embodiments, groups of thread lines 612 and/or 622 may be bonded at areas 632 of bonding layer 630 including anchor points 650. In some embodiments, bonding layer 630 may bond groups of thread lines 618 and/or 628 at respective areas 632 that do not coincide with anchor points 614 and/or anchor points 650.
In addition to bonding layer 630, thread lines 612 and 622 may be bonded together at intersection points 616 and 626, respectively, or intersection points 652 between thread lines 612 and 626 via for example, an adhesive, a bonding layer, thermal (conductive or convective) heat (e.g., in a heat press or oven), IR (infrared) heating, laser heating, microwave heating, steam, a mechanical fastener (e.g., a clip), hook and loop fasters, needle-punching, hydro-entanglement, ultrasonic/vibratory entanglement, felting, knotting, or by pushing one thread line through the other thread line(s). In some embodiments including a continuous thread 610 and/or 620 composed of a polymeric material, the polymeric material of continuous thread 610 and/or 620 may directly bond thread lines 612 and/or 622 at intersection points. In such embodiments, the polymeric material of continuous thread 610 and/or 620 serves to bond thread lines 612/622 at intersection points.
In some embodiments, a thread model may be used to create a thread pattern for winding step 220. A thread model may be created manually or automatically based on desired characteristics for a footwear component (e.g., an upper) or may be computer generated based on desired characteristics for a footwear component. Desired characteristics include both aesthetic and functional characteristics. A thread model may define one or more of: (a) the location of anchor points (peripheral and/or interior) for a thread pattern, (b) the number of anchor points (peripheral and/or interior) for a thread pattern, (c) the number of continuous threads for a thread pattern, (d) the thread line communication number for each continuous thread at each anchor point in a thread pattern, (e) which respective anchor points are connected by a thread line (and thus directional orientation of individual thread lines) within a thread pattern, (f) the number of times which respective anchor points are connected by thread lines in a thread pattern, (g) the number of intersection points between thread lines, (h) the tension at which a continuous thread is wound in a thread pattern, and (i) the material(s) of continuous threads within a thread pattern. In some embodiments, a thread model may be used as a template for hand winding continuous thread(s) into a thread pattern. In some embodiments, a thread model may be sent to an automated machine, such as a CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machine, and converted into machine readable instructions for winding a thread pattern.
In some embodiments, biometric data may be used to generate a thread model for a thread pattern. In such embodiments, winding step 220 may include collecting a biometric data profile for an individual (e.g., individual 2300 shown in
In some embodiments, a biometric data profile may be collected using a physiological and personal characteristic collection and analysis system, such as a Run Genie® system. In some embodiments, the biometric data profile may be collected using the data collection and analysis system described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/579,226, filed on Dec. 22, 2014, and published as US 2016/0180440, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety by reference thereto. In some embodiments, a biometric data profile may include data related to an individual's gait collected using a Vicon® Motion Capture System with force plates. In some embodiments, a biometric data profile may include a digital last created according to the processes described U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/478,902, filed on Apr. 4, 2017, and published as US 2017/0280828, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety by reference thereto. In some embodiments, biometric data may include strain data for an article of footwear collected using an ARAIVIIS system from GOM mbH.
The physiological characteristics collected in step 220 may include, but are not limited to, gait characteristics, such as foot strike type (e.g. heel, midfoot, forefoot, etc.), rate of pronation or supination, and degree of pronation and/or supination. In some embodiments, step 220 may include receiving personal information about the individual before or after receiving physiological characteristics data about the individual. Personal information may include information such as the individual's name, prior injury information, height, weight, gender, shoe size, an athletic goal, intended athletic activity, intended athletic environment or terrain, intended athletic activity duration, intended athletic activity frequency, intended athletic activity distance, quantitative or qualitative preferences about athletic equipment or footwear (such as level of cushion, preference of weight, materials and the like), and current athletic footwear. Intended athletic activities include, but are not limited to, basketball, running, sprinting, training, football, soccer, rugby, and baseball.
In some embodiments, step 220 may include receiving biometric data via a local wired or wireless connection. In some embodiments step 220 may include monitoring individual 2300 in real time during an athletic activity, such as jogging.
Physiological characteristics may be collected using one or more sensor modules 2302. A sensor module 2302 may include one or more sensors, and may be physically coupled to an object (e.g., article of footwear 2304) during an everyday or athletic activity conducted by individual 2300. A sensor module 2302 may be used to monitor changes in the spatial orientation of an individual's body or a piece of the individual's athletic equipment or article of footwear in some embodiments. Sensor module 2302 may be used in combination with predetermined correlation data stored in a data structure to determine a correlation between body or equipment or article of footwear movement data and a characteristic such as a gait characteristic in some embodiments.
In some embodiments, a sensor module 2302 is placed and/or built into article of footwear 2304 to measure, for example, a runner's running form and gait cycle (e.g., sensor is placed on, removably attached to, or built into the heel, midsole, or toe of article of footwear 2304). Additional sensors/motion monitors can also be placed on the runner's knee and hip, for example, to obtain more information about the runner's running form.
Sensor module 2302 may include a plurality of sensors, including but not limited to, one or more motion sensors, such as acceleration sensors and magnetic field sensors, or angular momentum sensors. In some embodiments, sensor module 2302 may include one or more temperature sensors, a heart rate monitoring device, a pedometer, and/or an accelerometer-based monitoring device. Sensors of sensor module 2302 may be capable of measuring a variety of athletic performance parameters. The term “performance parameters” may include physical parameters and/or physiological parameters associated with the individual's 2300 athletic activity. Physical parameters measured may include, but are not limited to, time, distance, speed, pace, pedal count, wheel rotation count, rotation generally, stride count, stride length, airtime, stride rate, altitude, temperature, strain, impact force, jump force, force generally, and jump height. Physiological parameters measured may include, but are not limited to, heart rate, respiration rate, blood oxygen level, blood lactate level, blood flow, hydration level, calories burned, or body temperature.
An acceleration sensor may be adapted to measure the acceleration of the sensor module 2302. Accordingly, when the sensor module 2302 is physically coupled to an object (such as an individual's 2300 body, article of footwear 2304, or other piece of athletic equipment), the acceleration sensor may be capable of measuring the acceleration of the object, including the acceleration due to the earth's gravitational field. In some embodiments, an acceleration sensor may include a tri-axial accelerometer that is capable of measuring acceleration in three orthogonal directions. In some embodiments one, two, three, or more separate accelerometers may be used.
A magnetic field sensor may be adapted to measure the strength and direction of magnetic fields in the vicinity of sensor module 2302. Accordingly, when sensor module 2302 is physically coupled to an object (such as an individual's 2300 body, article of footwear 2304, or other a piece of athletic equipment), a magnetic field sensor may be capable of measuring the strength and direction of magnetic fields in the vicinity of the object, including the earth's magnetic field. In some embodiments, a magnetic field sensor may be a vector magnetometer. In some embodiments, a magnetic field sensor may be a tri-axial magnetometer that is capable of measuring the magnitude and direction of a resultant magnetic vector for the total local magnetic field in three dimensions. In some embodiments one, two, three, or more separate magnetometers may be used.
In some embodiments, an acceleration sensor and a magnetic field sensor may be contained within a single accelerometer-magnetometer module bearing model number LSM303DLHC made by STMicroelectronics of Geneva, Switzerland.
An angular momentum sensor, which may be, for example, a gyroscope, may be adapted to measure the angular momentum or orientation of sensor module 2302.
Accordingly, when the sensor module 2302 is physically coupled to an object (such as an individual's 2300 body, article of footwear 2304, or other athletic equipment), the angular momentum sensor may be capable of measuring the angular momentum or orientation of the object. In some embodiments, an angular momentum sensor may be a tri-axial gyroscope that is capable of measuring angular rotation about three orthogonal axes. In some embodiments one, two, three, or more separate gyroscopes may be used. In some embodiments, angular momentum sensor may be used to calibrate measurements made by one or more of an acceleration sensor and a magnetic field sensor.
A heart rate sensor may be adapted to measure individual's 2300 heart rate. A heart rate sensor may be placed in contact with the individual's 2300 skin, such as the skin of the individual's chest, and secured with a strap. A heart rate sensor may be capable of reading the electrical activity of the individual's 2300 heart.
A temperature sensor may be, for example, a thermometer, a thermistor, or a thermocouple that measures changes in the temperature. In some embodiments, a temperature sensor may primarily be used for calibration other sensors, such as, for example, an acceleration sensor and a magnetic field sensor.
In some embodiments, sensor module 2302 may include a position receiver, such as an electronic satellite position receiver that is capable of determining its location (i.e., longitude, latitude, and altitude) using time signals transmitted along a line-of-sight by radio from satellite position system satellites. Known satellite position systems include the GPS system, the Galileo system, the BeiDou system, and the GLONASS system. In some embodiments, a position receiver may be an antenna that is capable of communicating with local or remote base stations or radio transmission transceivers such that the location of sensor module 2302 may be determined using radio signal triangulation or other similar principles. In some embodiments, position receiver data may allow sensor module 2302 to detect information that may be used to measure and/or calculate position waypoints, time, location, distance traveled, speed, pace, or altitude.
Data collected by sensor module 2302 may classify individuals based on their running style, utilizing data analysis such as an anterior-posterior plot angle vs. time; medial-lateral plot angle vs. time; and the like. Calculations of these characteristics may be used to group individuals into different categories (groups), such as a heel striker, a midfoot striker, a forefoot striker, a pronator, supinator, a neutral individual, or some combination of characteristics. In some embodiments, gait analysis may utilize personal information of individual 2300, such a gender, shoe size, height, weight, running habits, and prior injuries.
In some embodiments, a regression analysis can be used to determine gait characteristics such as foot strike type, rate of pronation, degree of pronation, and the like based on acceleration data obtained from sensor module 2302. In some embodiments, the regression analysis can be used to determine gait characteristics such as foot strike type, rate of pronation, degree of pronation, and the like based on other data such as magnetometer data, angular momentum sensor data, or multiple types of data. In some embodiments, the analysis can include other user-input information such as prior injury information, an athletic goal, intended athletic environment or terrain, intended athletic duration, and current athletic footwear.
Athletic goals may be, for example, training for a race, to stay healthy, to lose weight, and training for sports. Other examples of athletic goals may include training for a race, or other sporting event, improving individual fitness, simply enjoy running, or the like. Frequency intervals may include for example about 1 to 2 times per week, about 3 to 4 times per week, about 5 to 7 times per week, or the individual doesn't know. Length intervals may include for example about less than about 5 miles per week, about 5 to 10 miles per week, about 10 to 20 miles per week, greater than about 20 miles per week, or the individual doesn't know. Examples of intended athletic terrain environments may include roads, track, treadmill, trail, gym, or particular athletic fields designed for a specific sport. Examples of athletic equipment preferences may include for example more cushioning, less weight, better fit, strength, durability, intended athletic activity range, balance, weight balance, more color choices, and the like.
In some embodiments, collecting a biometric data profile in step 220 may include obtaining previously collected and stored data for an individual. In some embodiments, collecting biometric data may include obtaining a standard biometric data profile for a group of individuals. For example, a standard profile for individuals having a certain shoe size, weight, height, arch shape, stability characteristic, and/or touchdown characteristic may be retrieved in step 220.
Modeling software such as CAD drawings, Grasshopper, andRhino® may be utilized to generate thread models and convert thread models into thread patterns based on input data. Input data may include templates for a particular footwear type, anchor point location and arrangement, timing for anchor point pin retraction(s) and/or extension(s), desired thread line orientation relative to strain direction, thread line density and/or thread materials in areas of high and/or low stain magnitude, thread line tension values, number and location of continuous threads in a thread pattern, and continuous thread material characteristics (e.g., tackiness, color, or tensile strength). As an example, the location of anchor point pins 304 in
When incorporated into an upper, thread patterns based on thread models 800 and 820 may provide a wearer with a relatively large amount of strength and propulsion in areas of high strain magnitude. Such characteristics may be desirable/needed by, for example, an athlete participating in a high strain activity, such as a sport (e.g., basketball or football). Such characteristics may maximize the energy transfer between the individual's foot and a surface (i.e., reducing energy lost via and/or absorbed by an article of footwear) and may provide a durable article of footwear for use in such activities. Thread model 800 may provide a more lightweight and breathable thread pattern for an upper compared to thread model 820 due to a relatively small number of thread lines.
The strength and/or propulsion of a thread pattern based on thread models 800 and 820 may be imparted in areas of high strain magnitude by: (a) winding a relatively large number of thread lines oriented in the direction of lines in the models between anchor points in these areas, (b) providing a relatively large number of anchor points in the areas, and/or (c) selecting a relatively stiff material for thread lines in the areas. (a) may be achieved by winding more thread lines for a single continuous thread, winding additional continuous threads, and/or increasing the thread line communication number of continuous thread(s) at anchor points in the areas.
When incorporated into an upper, thread patterns based on thread models 840 and 860 provide a wearer with a relatively large amount of stretchability and/or breathability in areas of high strain. Such characteristics may be desirable/needed by, for example, an individual participating in a leisurely activity, such as walking. The flexibility and/or breathability of a thread pattern based on thread models 840 and 860 may be imparted in areas of high strain magnitude by: (a) winding a relatively small number of thread lines oriented in the direction of lines in the models between anchor points in these areas, (b) providing a relatively small number of anchor points in the areas, and/or (c) selecting a relatively flexible material for thread lines in the areas. (a) may be achieved by winding less thread lines for a single continuous thread, winding less continuous threads, or/or decreasing the thread line communication number of continuous thread(s) at anchor points in the areas. Thread model 840 may provide a thread pattern having more strength and propulsion in high strain areas compared to thread model 860, whereas thread model 860 may provide a thread pattern having more strength and stability in midfoot and heel portions for an upper. In some embodiments, thread patterns based on thread models 840 and 860 may provide a wearer with a relatively large amount of support and/or stiffness in areas of low strain by, for example, threading continuous thread(s) with a high stiffness in areas of low strain. In some embodiments, thread patterns based on thread models 840 and 860 may provide a wearer with a relatively large amount of support and/or stiffness in areas of high strain by, for example, threading continuous thread(s) with a high stiffness in areas of high strain.
In thread pattern 900, first and second continuous threads 910 and 920, and particularly first continuous thread 910 are wound significantly around anchor points 904/906 associated the quarter panels and biteline areas of an upper. As such, thread pattern 900 provides a large amount of strength and propulsion for an upper in these areas. Conversely, in thread pattern 950, third and second continuous threads 930 and 920, and particularly third continuous thread 930, are wound significantly around anchor points 904/906 associated the quarter panels and biteline areas of an upper. As such, thread pattern 950 provides a large amount of stretchability for an upper in these areas.
In some embodiments, a thread pattern for an upper wound and bonded in steps 220 and 230 may extend underneath a wearer's foot when worn. In other words, the thread pattern for the upper may wrap around at least a portion of the bottom (i.e., the sole) of a wearer's foot when worn.
Upper 1000 includes an upper section 1040 configured to wrap around the sides, the top, and the heel of a wearer's foot and a sole section 1042 configured to wrap around the sole of a wearer's foot. Thread pattern 1002 may define at least a portion of upper section 1040 and sole section 1042.
In some embodiments, similar to other thread patterns discussed herein, thread pattern 1002 includes a first continuous thread 1010 and a second continuous thread 1020 wound around anchor points 1014. First continuous thread 1010 includes thread lines 1012 extending between respective anchor points 1014 and overlapping at intersection points 1016. And second continuous thread 1020 includes thread lines 1022 extending between respective anchor points 1014 and overlapping at intersection points 1026. In some embodiments, one or more anchor points 1014 may be disposed in sole portion 1042.
In some embodiments, upper 1000 may include a bonding layer at perimeter portion 1030 of upper configured to bond thread lines 1012/1022 together in perimeter portion 1030. Perimeter portion 1030 may be the same as or similar to perimeter portion 162 discussed herein in regards to upper 120. In some embodiments, upper 1000 may include a fabric layer 1050 disposed on the outer surface and/or the inner surface of thread pattern 1002. Fabric layer 1050 may be the same as or similar to fabric layer 172 discussed herein with regards to upper 120.
In some embodiments, a sole for an article of footwear may include one or more continuous threads wound around anchor points to form a thread pattern. Thread patterns for a sole may provide desired characteristics to a sole in the same fashion as thread patterns for uppers discussed herein. In particular, thread patterns for a sole may provide reinforcement (i.e., additional strength) for portions of the sole. The strength provided by a thread pattern may decrease the weight of a sole without sacrificing strength.
Sole 1100 includes a forefoot end 1102, a heel end 1104, a medial side 1106, a lateral side 1108, a top surface 1110, and a bottom (ground contacting) surface 1112 opposite top surface 1110. Similar to other thread patterns discussed herein, thread pattern 1120 includes a continuous thread 1130 wound around anchor points 1114. And continuous thread 1130 includes thread lines 1132 extending between respective anchor points 1114 and overlapping at intersection points 1136. In some embodiments, one or more anchor points 1114 may be studs or cleats extending from bottom surface 1112 of sole 1100. In such embodiments, the location of one or more anchor points 1114 corresponds to the location of a cleat extending from bottom surface 1112 of sole 1100.
In some embodiments, continuous thread 1130 may be wound around a pre-formed sole 1100 having studs or cleats extending from bottom surface 1112 of sole 1100. In some embodiments, continuous thread 1130 may be wrapped around a pre-formed sole 1100. In other words, one or more thread lines 1132 of continuous thread 1130 may be wound from an anchor point 1114, across bottom surface 1112, around medial side 1106 (or lateral side 1108), across top surface 1110, around lateral side 1108 (or medial side 1106), back to bottom surface 1112, around another anchor point 1114, and so on. In some embodiments, one or more thread lines 1132 may be wound around sole 1100 more than once before winding around another anchor point 1114. In some embodiments, sole 1100 may include an outsole coupled to bottom surface 1112. In such embodiments, the outsole may be disposed over thread pattern 1120.
After winding around anchor points 1114 and/or pre-formed sole 1100, continuous thread 1130 may be bonded to bottom surface 1112, top surface 1110, medial side 1106, and/or lateral side 1108 of sole 1100. Continuous thread 1130 may be bonded to surfaces and sides of sole 1100 via, for example, pressure and heat (e.g., in a heat press or heated mold), an adhesive, or a lamination layer. In some embodiments, a polymeric material of continuous thread 1130 may be directly bonded to surfaces and sides of sole 1100 via the application of pressure and heat.
In some embodiments, thread pattern 1120 may include more than one continuous thread, such as second and/or third continuous threads 1140 and 1150. Similar to continuous thread 1130, second and third continuous threads 1140 and 1150 may be wound around anchor points 1114 and/or sole 1100. In some embodiments, continuous threads 1130 and/or 1140 may be a high tensile polymeric thread and third continuous thread 1150 may be a carbon fiber tow. In some embodiments, thread pattern 1120 may include more than three continuous threads. In some embodiments, one or more continuous threads of thread pattern 1120 may define a portion of a thread pattern for an upper (e.g., thread pattern 122). In such embodiments, one or more continuous threads may be wound around anchor points of a sole (e.g., anchor points 1114) and anchor points of an upper (e.g., anchor points 134).
In some embodiments, continuous thread(s) 1130/1140 may be wound around projections in a mold cavity and a sole material may be molded around the projections in the mold cavity to bond continuous threads 1130/1140 to sole 1100.
Pin plate 1220 is moveably coupled to posts 1222, and in operation, moves vertically up and down between top plate 1210 and bottom plate 1230. In some embodiments, posts 1222 may be spring loaded posts. Pin plate 1220 supports pins 1250 extending through pin holes 1214 and moves them vertically within pin holes 1214. In some embodiments, pins 1250 may be removably coupled to pin plate 1220 (e.g., via thread couplings or luer-lock couplings.) In such embodiments, pin plate 1220 includes coupling holes disposed below individual pin holes 1214. Bottom plate 1230 is a supporting plate rigidly coupled to top plate 1210 and posts 1222.
The operation of pin assembly plate 1200 is illustrated in
Once a desired thread pattern is wound, pin plate 1220 is moved to a lower position away from bottom surface 1216 of top plate 1210 as illustrated in
In some embodiments, the plate may be a non-heated plate. In such embodiments, pin heads 1252 may pull the continuous thread(s) wound around pins 1250 downward toward top surface 1212 of top plate 1210 as the plate pushes on them. In such embodiments, a bonding layer (e.g., bonding layers as described herein) may be applied to bond continuous thread(s) wound around pins 1250.
In embodiments with pins 1250 coupled to pin plate 1220, pin plate 1220, or individual pins 1250, may be pulled downward so that pin heads 1252 pull the continuous thread(s) wound around pins 1250 downward toward top surface 1212 of top plate 1210. In such embodiments, a bonding layer (e.g., bonding layers as described herein) may be applied to bond continuous thread(s) wound around pins 1250. Pin plate 1220 or individual pins 1250 may be pulled downward with a pneumatic or electromagnetic device, for example. In some embodiments, select pins 1250 may be retracted at specific times during winding step 220 to create a desired thread pattern. Retracting and/or extending pins 1250 at desired times during winding step 220 may be used to tailor characteristics of a thread pattern, such as, strength, support, propulsion, breathability, comfort (stretchability), tackiness, abrasion resistance, texture, haptics, and durability.
After bonding the continuous thread(s) of the thread pattern, the thread pattern may be removed from pins 1250 and pin plate 1220 may reposition pins 1250 as show in
In some embodiments, a thread pattern may be wound around anchor points (e.g., pins 1250) manually. In some embodiments, a thread pattern may be wound around anchor points (e.g., pins 1250) using an automated, computer-assisted process.
In some embodiments, tensioner 1312 may be a mechanical tensioning device with digitally controlled impedance that is used to dynamically control how tight a thread is fed through a winding machine (e.g., CNC machine 1300). The thread is run through tensioner 1312 before it exits thread spool 1310, thereby giving an exact tension as it is fed out. The tension value for thread can be changed dynamically by adjusting the voltage in tensioner 1312. In some embodiments, tensioner 1312 may be a manually adjustable tensioner. In some embodiments, tensioner 1312 may include a spring configured to adjust the amount of tension applied to thread(s). The spring may be manually controlled or digitally controlled.
Adjusting the tension as the thread is wound can provide a number of benefits. With elastic threads, tensioning the threads places a preload on them, allowing them to act as if they have a different stiffness in a thread pattern. By dynamically adjusting the tension, one thread can behave with a range of stiffness, which allows for customized zones of stiffness and compliance without the need for changing thread material. This change in stiffness between different zones may be large or small. For example, high stiffness can be provided in areas where high tensioned threads are bonded together and low stiffness can be provided in areas where stretch is preferred. In some embodiments, adjusting thread tension within a thread pattern may facilitate customization of an article of footwear for an individual, or group of individuals, by providing desired characteristics to different areas on the footwear. Moreover, tensioning may be used to customize the fit of an article of footwear. For example, when a wound thread pattern is removed from pins 1250, the thread pattern may contract to an un-stretched shape, which relieves any tension in thread lines that is not fixed by bonding. This may facilitate a customized fit for an individual, or group of individuals, because the un-stretched shape may better conform with the shape of a wearer's foot. In some embodiments, tensioning and un-stretched shapes may be designed based on biometric data, such as foot volume data.
In some embodiments, winding step 220 may include winding a thread pattern on a frame.
In operation, a thread pattern 1410 may be wound around projections 1406. When winding thread pattern 1410, one or more continuous threads (e.g., continuous threads 1420 and 1430) are wound around projections 1406 and across front side 1401 of frame 1400. In such embodiments, thread lines 1422/1432 of continuous threads 1420/1430 extend between respective projections 1406 on front side 1401 of frame 1400. In some embodiments, one or more continuous threads (e.g., continuous threads 1420 and 1430) may be wound around projections 1406 and across front side 1401 and rear side 1403 of frame 1400. In such embodiments, thread lines 1422/1432 of continuous threads 1420/1430 extend between respective projections 1406 on front side 1401 and rear side 1403 of frame 1400, and may wrap around exterior perimeter wall 1404. For frame 1400, projections 1406 define anchor points of thread pattern 1410.
Once a desired thread pattern 1410 is wound (see
Once thread pattern 1410 is mechanically set by bonding continuous threads 1420 and 1430, thread pattern 1410 may be cut from frame 1400 as shown in
In some embodiments, frame 1400 may be a hand-held frame. In some embodiments, frame 1400 may be attached to a device configured to rotate the frame (e.g., a lathe). During rotation of frame 1400, continuous thread(s) may be wound around frame 1400 either manually or with a computer-assisted machine (e.g., a CNC machine). In some embodiments, thread may be wound around frame 1400 while frame 1400 is held stationary.
Stitched bonding layer 1520 may include a perimeter portion 1522 defining a perimeter shape of stitched bonding layer 1520. When applied to an upper, perimeter portion 1522 may correspond to a perimeter portion of the upper (e.g., perimeter portion 162 of upper 120). In some embodiments, stitched bonding layer 1520 may include interior threads 1524 disposed within perimeter portion 1522. Interior threads 1524 provide additional bonding between thread lines 1512 and may increase the structural rigidity of thread pattern 1510. In some embodiments, interior threads 1524 may bond thread lines 1512 of thread pattern 1510 at a plurality of intersection points between thread lines 1512. Alternatively or additionally, interior threads 1524 may impart a desired aesthetic design to thread pattern 1510. In some embodiments, multiple stitched bonding layers 1520 may be used to bond thread pattern 1510.
In some embodiments, the material and/or geometry of stitched bonding layer 1520 at intersection points between stitched bonding layer 1520 and thread lines 1512 may be tailored to provide desired characteristics to a thread pattern. For example, a stitched bonding layer 1520 including a high tensile stiffness material (e.g., a nylon thread) stitched through thread lines 1512 may serve to fix thread lines 1512 firmly together. In contrast, a stitched bonding layer 1520 including a more flexible thread looped around thread lines 1512 at intersection points between thread lines 1512 and bonding layer 1520 may serve to allow relative movement at the intersection points. Different materials and/or geometry of stitched bonding layer 1520 in different regions of stitched bonding layer 1520 may serve to impart different characteristics to different regions of a thread pattern.
Similar to stitched bonding layer 1520, stitched bonding layer 1620 may include a perimeter portion 1622 defining a perimeter shape of stitched bonding layer 1620. When applied to an upper, perimeter portion 1622 may correspond to a perimeter portion of the upper (e.g., perimeter portion 162 of upper 120). In some embodiments, stitched bonding layer 1620 may include interior threads 1624 disposed within perimeter portion 1622. Interior threads 1624 provide additional bonding between thread lines 1512 and may increase the structural rigidity of thread pattern 1510. In some embodiments, interior threads 1624 may bond thread lines 1512 of thread pattern 1510 at a plurality of intersection points between thread lines 1512. Alternatively or additionally, interior threads 1624 may impart a desired aesthetic design to thread pattern 1510. In some embodiments, multiple stitched bonding layers 1620 may be used to bond thread pattern 1510.
In some embodiments, adhesive bonding layer 1720 may be a sprayed adhesive layer, for example a sprayed latex adhesive or a polyurethane adhesive or paint. In some embodiments, a sprayed adhesive bonding layer may include a primer and an adhesive. In some embodiments, adhesive bonding layer 1720 may be a semi-dissolved fabric layer. In some embodiments, adhesive bonding layer 1720 may be a semi-dissolved water-soluble adhesive layer. In some embodiments, adhesive bonding layer 1720 may be a printed (e.g., screen-printed or ink-jet printed) adhesive layer. In some embodiments, adhesive bonding layer 1720 may be a UV (ultraviolet) cured, IR (infrared) cured, or heat cured adhesive layer. In some embodiments, adhesive bonding layer 1720 may be a tape layer, such as a hemming tape layer. In some embodiments, adhesive bonding layer 1720 may be a glue layer. In some embodiments, mechanical compression may be applied to help adhere adhesive bonding layer 1720 to thread lines 1512 of thread pattern 1510.
In some embodiments, adhesive bonding layer 1720 may be applied over entire thread pattern 1510. In some embodiments, adhesive bonding layer 1720 may include a perimeter portion 1722 defining a perimeter shape of adhesive bonding layer 1720. When applied to an upper, perimeter portion 1722 may correspond to a perimeter portion of the upper (e.g., perimeter portion 162 of upper 120). In some embodiments, adhesive bonding layer 1720 may include interior members 1724 disposed within perimeter portion 1722. Interior members 1724 provide additional bonding between thread lines 1512 and may increase the structural rigidity of thread pattern 1510. In some embodiments, interior members 1724 may bond thread lines 1512 of thread pattern 1510 at a plurality of intersection points between thread lines 1512. Alternatively or additionally, interior members 1724 may impart a desired aesthetic design to thread pattern 1510. Space between perimeter portion 1722 and respective interior member 1724 is devoid of adhesive bonding layer 1720. In some embodiments, multiple adhesive bonding layers 1720 may be used to bond thread pattern 1510.
In some embodiments, the properties of an adhesive or different adhesives used for different regions of adhesive bonding layer 1720 may be tailored to provide different bonding strengths to different regions of adhesive bonding layer 1720. In such embodiments, the different bonding strengths at intersections between thread lines 1512 may be utilized to tailor characteristics of a thread pattern. For example, perimeter portion 1722 may be composed of a relatively flexible adhesive layer and interior members 1724 may be composed of a relatively stiff adhesive layer, or vice versa.
In some embodiments, film bonding layer 1820 may be a heat pressed textile film layer, such as a heat pressed Nylon textile film layer. In some embodiments, film bonding layer 1820 may be a heat bonded polymeric layer (e.g., a polymeric lamination layer). In some embodiments, film bonding layer 1820 may be a screen-printed textile film layer. For example, film bonding layer 1820 may be a screen-printed Nylon bag ink layer. In some embodiments, film bonding layer 1820 may be a screen-printed ink layer.
In some embodiments, film bonding layer 1820 may be applied over entire thread pattern 1510. In some embodiments, film bonding layer 1820 may include a perimeter portion 1822 defining a perimeter shape and of film bonding layer 1820. When applied to an upper, perimeter portion 1822 may correspond to a perimeter portion of the upper (e.g., perimeter portion 162 of upper 120). In some embodiments, film bonding layer 1820 may include interior members 1824 disposed within perimeter portion 1822. Interior members 1824 provide additional bonding between thread lines 1512 and may increase the structural rigidity of thread pattern 1510. In some embodiments, interior members 1824 may bond thread lines 1512 of thread pattern 1510 at a plurality of intersection points between thread lines 1512. Alternatively or additionally, interior members 1824 may impart a desired aesthetic design to thread pattern 1510. Space between perimeter portion 1822 and respective interior member 1824 is devoid of film bonding layer 1820. In some embodiments, multiple film bonding layers 1820 may be used to bond thread pattern 1510.
In some embodiments, the properties of a film or different films used for different regions of film bonding layer 1820 may be tailored to provide different bonding strengths to different regions of film bonding layer 1820. In such embodiments, the different bonding strengths at intersections between thread lines 1512 may be utilized to tailor characteristics of a thread pattern. For example, perimeter portion 1822 may be composed of a relatively flexible film layer and interior members 1824 may be composed of a relatively stiff film layer, or vice versa.
In embodiments including elements 2130 that are projections, thread lines 2132 of one or more continuous threads may be wound around elements 2130 in a similar fashion as discussed herein for winding continuous thread(s) around pins. In other words, projecting elements 2130 may define anchor points for thread lines 2132. In some embodiments, as shown for example in
In embodiments including elements 2130 that are indentations, traction elements (e.g., cleat studs) may be disposed within the indentations such that a portion of each stud extends from sole cavity bottom surface 2124. In such embodiments, the portion of each stud projecting above sole cavity bottom surface 2124 defines an anchor point for winding thread lines 2132. And thread lines 2132 of one or more continuous threads may be wound around the projecting portion of the studs a similar fashion as discussed herein for winding continuous thread(s) around pins.
After winding thread lines around projecting elements 2130 or projecting portions of cleat studs, sole material may be disposed within sole cavity 2122 and a sole may be molded around thread lines 2132 within mold 2100. In other words, thread lines 2132 may be encased with a sole material defining at least a portion of a sole (e.g., sole 1100). In some embodiments, mold 2100 may be an injection molding mold. In some embodiments, mold 2100 may be used to partially consolidate a sole and the sole may be cured to fully solidify the sole. After molding, the sole may be removed from mold 2100. In embodiments including removable projections 2130 or traction elements, sole material may be bonded to removable projections 2130 or traction elements during molding.
While in the mold cavity, sole material 2140 may be fully or partially solidified, e.g., by curing sole material 2140. Also, while in the mold cavity, mold material 2140 may bond to removable projections 2130 and/or thread lines 2132. After fully or partially curing sole material 2140, a fully or partially solidified sole 2200 may be removed from the mold cavity with removable projections 2130 forming a portion of cleats 2202 for sole 2200.
While various embodiments have been discussed herein in the context of footwear, other articles of apparel may be manufactured using the winding processes discussed herein. Other articles of apparel include, but are not limited to, pants, shorts, leggings, a sock, a jacket, a coat, a hat, a sleeve, a shoe, a sweater, a shirt, a jersey, a bra, a bootie, and a glove.
One or more aspects of the methods of manufacturing an article of footwear discussed herein, or any part(s) or function(s) thereof (e.g., collecting biometric data, generating thread models based on biometric data, and winding continuous threads with a CNC machine based on a thread model), may be implemented using hardware, software modules, firmware, tangible computer readable media having instructions stored thereon, or a combination thereof and may be implemented in one or more computer systems or other processing systems.
If programmable logic is used, such logic may execute on a commercially available processing platform or a special purpose device. One of ordinary skill in the art may appreciate that embodiments of the disclosed subject matter can be practiced with various computer system configurations, including multi-core multiprocessor systems, minicomputers, and mainframe computers, computer linked or clustered with distributed functions, as well as pervasive or miniature computers that may be embedded into virtually any device.
For instance, at least one processor device and a memory may be used to implement the above described embodiments. A processor device may be a single processor, a plurality of processors, or combinations thereof. Processor devices may have one or more processor “cores.”
Various embodiments of the inventions may be implemented in terms of this example computer system 2600. After reading this description, it will become apparent to a person skilled in the relevant art how to implement one or more of the inventions using other computer systems and/or computer architectures. Although operations may be described as a sequential process, some of the operations may in fact be performed in parallel, concurrently, and/or in a distributed environment, and with program code stored locally or remotely for access by single or multi-processor machines. In addition, in some embodiments the order of operations may be rearranged without departing from the spirit of the disclosed subject matter.
Processor device 2604 may be a special purpose or a general purpose processor device. As will be appreciated by persons skilled in the relevant art, processor device 2604 may also be a single processor in a multi-core/multiprocessor system, such system operating alone, or in a cluster of computing devices operating in a cluster or server farm. Processor device 2604 is connected to a communication infrastructure 2606, for example, a bus, message queue, network, or multi-core message-passing scheme.
Computer system 2600 also includes a main memory 2608, for example, random access memory (RAM), and may also include a secondary memory 2610. Secondary memory 2610 may include, for example, a hard disk drive 2612, or removable storage drive 2614. Removable storage drive 2614 may include a floppy disk drive, a magnetic tape drive, an optical disk drive, a flash memory, a Universal Serial Bus (USB) drive, or the like. The removable storage drive 2614 reads from and/or writes to a removable storage unit 2618 in a well-known manner. Removable storage unit 2618 may include a floppy disk, magnetic tape, optical disk, etc. which is read by and written to by removable storage drive 2614. As will be appreciated by persons skilled in the relevant art, removable storage unit 2618 includes a computer usable storage medium having stored therein computer software and/or data.
Computer system 2600 (optionally) includes a display interface 2602 (which can include input and output devices such as keyboards, mice, etc.) that forwards graphics, text, and other data from communication infrastructure 2606 (or from a frame buffer not shown) for display on display unit 2630.
In additional and/or alternative implementations, secondary memory 2610 may include other similar means for allowing computer programs or other instructions to be loaded into computer system 2600. Such means may include, for example, a removable storage unit 2622 and an interface 2620. Examples of such means may include a program cartridge and cartridge interface (such as that found in video game devices), a removable memory chip (such as an EPROM, or PROM) and associated socket, and other removable storage units 2622 and interfaces 2620 which allow software and data to be transferred from the removable storage unit 2622 to computer system 2600.
Computer system 2600 may also include a communication interface 2624. Communication interface 2624 allows software and data to be transferred between computer system 2600 and external devices. Communication interface 2624 may include a modem, a network interface (such as an Ethernet card), a communication port, a PCMCIA slot and card, or the like. Software and data transferred via communication interface 2624 may be in the form of signals, which may be electronic, electromagnetic, optical, or other signals capable of being received by communication interface 2624. These signals may be provided to communication interface 2624 via a communication path 2626. Communication path 2626 carries signals and may be implemented using wire or cable, fiber optics, a phone line, a cellular phone link, an RF link or other communication channels.
In this document, the terms “computer program medium” and “computer usable medium” are used to generally refer to media such as removable storage unit 2618, removable storage unit 2622, and a hard disk installed in hard disk drive 2612. Computer program medium and computer usable medium may also refer to memories, such as main memory 2608 and secondary memory 2610, which may be memory semiconductors (e.g. DRAMs, etc.).
Computer programs (also called computer control logic) are stored in main memory 2608 and/or secondary memory 2610. Computer programs may also be received via communication interface 2624. Such computer programs, when executed, enable computer system 2600 to implement the embodiments as discussed herein. In particular, the computer programs, when executed, enable processor device 2604 to implement the processes of the embodiments discussed here. Accordingly, such computer programs represent controllers of the computer system 2600. Where the embodiments are implemented using software, the software may be stored in a computer program product and loaded into computer system 2600 using removable storage drive 2614, interface 2620, and hard disk drive 2612, or communication interface 2624.
Embodiments of the inventions also may be directed to computer program products comprising software stored on any computer useable medium. Such software, when executed in one or more data processing device, causes a data processing device(s) to operate as described herein. Embodiments of the inventions may employ any computer useable or readable medium. Examples of computer useable mediums include, but are not limited to, primary storage devices (e.g., any type of random access memory), secondary storage devices (e.g., hard drives, floppy disks, CD ROMS, ZIP disks, tapes, magnetic storage devices, and optical storage devices, MEMS, nanotechnological storage device, etc.).
Some embodiments are directed to a method of making an upper for an article of footwear, the method including defining a plurality of peripheral anchor points; winding a continuous thread around the plurality of peripheral anchor points to form a thread pattern, the continuous thread including a plurality of thread lines with each thread line extending between two respective peripheral anchor points; and bonding the continuous thread at a point of intersection between the thread lines.
In any of the various embodiments discussed herein, the method of making an upper may include bonding a continuous thread at one or more peripheral anchor points.
In any of the various embodiments discussed herein, the method of making an upper may include bonding a continuous thread at a plurality of points of intersection between thread lines.
In any of the various embodiments discussed herein, the peripheral anchor points may be defined by pins coupled to and extending from a pin assembly plate, and the pins may be configured to support a continuous thread during winding. In any of the various embodiments discussed herein, the peripheral anchor points may be defined by pins coupled to and extending from a three-dimensional object, and the pins may be configured to support a continuous thread during winding.
In any of the various embodiments, discussed herein, a thread pattern may be based on a biometric data profile for an individual.
In any of the various embodiments discussed herein, peripheral anchor points may have a thread line communication number of three or more. In some embodiments, the thread line communication number for peripheral anchor points may be based on a biometric data profile for an individual.
In any of the various embodiments discussed herein, the method of making an upper may include winding a second continuous thread around a plurality of peripheral anchor points, the second continuous thread including a plurality of thread lines with each thread line extending between two respective peripheral anchor points.
In any of the various embodiments discussed herein, the method of making an upper may include defining a plurality of interior anchor points disposed between a plurality of peripheral anchor points and winding the continuous thread around the plurality of interior anchor points.
In any of the various embodiments discussed herein, the method of making an upper may include bonding thread lines together at a perimeter portion of thread pattern, the perimeter portion including a frame having a shape corresponding to a least a portion of a perimeter shape of an upper. In some embodiments, bonding thread lines may include at least one of: a lamination process, a stitching process, heat pressing, an adhesive bonding process, a screen printing process, and a curing process. In some embodiments, the method of making any upper may include removing excess thread pattern from an exterior side of the perimeter portion of the thread pattern. In some embodiments, bonding the perimeter portion of the thread pattern may encase a plurality of peripheral anchor points within a bonding layer.
Some embodiment are directed to a method of making an upper for an article of footwear, the method including winding a continuous thread around a set of pins to form a thread pattern, the pins being coupled to and extending from a support structure and disposed at locations corresponding to a perimeter of the upper, and the continuous thread including a plurality of thread lines, where each thread line extends between two respective pins; and bonding the continuous thread to itself at one or more of the plurality of pins.
In any of the various embodiments discussed herein, winding and bonding of the thread pattern may be performed without a base layer disposed between the thread pattern and a support structure.
In any of the various embodiments discussed herein, the support structure may include a support plate. In any of the various embodiments, discussed herein, the support structure may include a last.
In any of the various embodiments discussed herein, the method of making an upper may include bonding thread lines together at a perimeter portion of the thread pattern. In some embodiments, the method may include removing excess thread pattern from an exterior side of the perimeter portion.
Some embodiments are directed to an article of footwear including a sole; and an upper coupled to the sole, the upper including a plurality of anchor points disposed along a perimeter of the upper, and a continuous thread fixed at the plurality of anchor points and including a plurality of thread lines with each thread line extending between two respective anchor points, where the anchor points have a thread line communication number of three or more, and where the continuous thread is bonded at the plurality of anchor points.
In any of the various embodiments discussed herein, a continuous thread may be wrapped around a plurality of anchor points.
In any of the various embodiments discussed herein, a continuous thread may include overlaying thread lines.
In any of the various embodiments discussed herein, an article of footwear may include a plurality of interior anchor points disposed between anchor points disposed along the perimeter of an upper, and the interior anchor points may have a thread line communication number of three or more.
In any of the various embodiments discussed herein, an article of footwear may include a bonding layer disposed along a perimeter of the upper and attached to a plurality of anchor points disposed along the perimeter of the upper.
In any of the various embodiments discussed herein, a continuous thread may include a polymer thread.
In any of the various embodiments discussed herein, an upper may include a second continuous thread fixed at a plurality of anchor points and including a plurality of thread lines, with each thread line extending between two respective anchor points, and wherein the anchor points have a thread line communication number for the second continuous thread of three or more.
In any of the various embodiments discussed herein, a sole may include a plurality of sole anchor points and a second continuous thread may be fixed at the plurality of sole anchor points, the second continuous thread including thread lines extending between two respective sole anchor points. In some embodiments, the second continuous thread may be encased within a material defining at least a portion of the sole. In some embodiments, the sole may include a plurality of cleats and a location of one or more of the sole anchor points corresponds to a location of a cleat.
Some embodiments are directed to an article of footwear including a sole; and an upper coupled to the sole, the upper including a perimeter layer including an outer edge and an inner edge, a first plurality of thread line groups including three or more thread lines extending radially from respective areas on the outer edge, and a second plurality of thread line groups including three or more thread lines extending radially from respective areas on the inner edge, where the thread lines of the first plurality of thread line groups and the thread lines of the second plurality of thread line groups are bonded to each other at points of intersection between the thread lines.
In some embodiments, the thread lines of the first plurality of thread line groups and the thread lines of the second plurality of thread line groups are bonded to the perimeter layer.
Some embodiments are directed to a method of making an article of footwear, the method including winding a continuous thread around a set of pins to form a thread pattern for an upper of the article of footwear, the pins coupled to and extending from a support structure and disposed at locations corresponding to a perimeter of the upper, and the continuous thread comprising a plurality of thread lines, where each thread line extends between two respective pins; and bonding the continuous thread to itself at one or more of the plurality of pins.
In some embodiments, a method of making an article of footwear may include coupling an upper to a sole, the sole made by a process including winding a second continuous thread around a plurality of anchor points defined by projections removably attached to a surface of a mold cavity and molding a sole material around the second continuous thread and the projections in the mold cavity.
It is to be appreciated that the Detailed Description section, and not the Summary and Abstract sections, is intended to be used to interpret the claims. The Summary and Abstract sections may set forth one or more but not all exemplary embodiments of the present invention(s) as contemplated by the inventor(s), and thus, are not intended to limit the present invention(s) and the appended claims in any way.
The present invention(s) have been described above with the aid of functional building blocks illustrating the implementation of specified functions and relationships thereof. The boundaries of these functional building blocks have been arbitrarily defined herein for the convenience of the description. Alternate boundaries can be defined so long as the specified functions and relationships thereof are appropriately performed.
The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will so fully reveal the general nature of the invention(s) that others can, by applying knowledge within the skill of the art, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments, without undue experimentation, without departing from the general concept of the present invention(s). Therefore, such adaptations and modifications are intended to be within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments, based on the teaching and guidance presented herein. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation, such that the terminology or phraseology of the present specification is to be interpreted by the skilled artisan in light of the teachings and guidance.
The breadth and scope of the present invention(s) should not be limited by any of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but should be defined only in accordance with the following claims and their equivalents.
This application is a continuation of and claims priority to U.S. application Ser. No. 15/945,034, filed Apr. 4, 2018, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 15945034 | Apr 2018 | US |
| Child | 17125492 | US |
