The invention concerns an atomizer and a method for material supply of an atomizer for a coating machine according to the preamble of the independent claims. The atomizer, in particular, is an electrostatic rotary or air atomizer mounted as a complete unit replaceably on a painting robot or other coating machine for the sequential coating of workpieces, such as vehicle bodies.
Such atomizers permit, among other things, advantageous paint change concepts and simple potential separation between electrostatic atomization devices operating with direct charging of the coating material and the paint supply system grounded for safety reasons, since the supply vessels are separated during coating from the grounded supply system and can be simply and automatically replaced for a paint change without or even with the actual atomizer. Known atomizers of this type contain dosing cylinders operated mechanically by a spindle drive (DE 196 10 588 A). Such dosing cylinders, however, have large space requirements stemming from their design. Their length, which is about twice as great as the piston stroke because of the piston rod, has an adverse effect mostly on painting robots or other handling machines on the accessibility of workpiece regions, such as vehicle interiors. Atomizers with hydraulically driven dosing cylinders are also already known (EP 0 967 016 A), whose compressed fluid, however, must be fed by a dosing pump located outside the atomizer.
Moreover, general problems develop in dosing cylinders, like high requirements on support and bearing to guarantee the desired dosing accuracy and dynamics, which not only increase the design expense, but also the weight of the atomizer to be supported by the wrist joint of a robot.
The objective of the invention is to provide a simply designed, reliable and not too heavy atomizer, whose feeding means suffices without hydraulic dosing and can be accommodated in a limited space, as well as a corresponding method for material supply of the atomizer.
This object is realized by the features of the patent claims.
The invention is suitable especially, but not exclusively, for electrostatic atomizers that are mounted as a whole replaceably on painting robots or other coating machines and permit in simple fashion both the required potential separation from the grounded supply system of the coating unit and rapid and problem-free paint changes without significant losses of paint and rinsing agents with an arbitrary number of selectable paints. For example, in the case of painting robots, it is also advantageous that costly hose lines can be dispensed with within the machine, since the internal feeding means of the atomizer can be filled with the atomizer disassembled.
The preferred design of a dosing pump designed as a geared pump in the atomizer has the advantage that a dosing cylinder of known type is unnecessary in this conventional, reliable component that has long proven itself.
The structure of the paint supply vessel as a wound tube has the advantage that, on the one hand, because of the significant reduction in diameter in comparison with ordinary cylindrical paint vessels, correspondingly lower paint change losses and losses of rinsing agent occur and, on the other hand, the design flexibility is improved especially with respect to space savings. The same applies to the likewise possible use of one or more rigid coiled pipes as paint supply vessel(s).
Since the wound tube or coiled pipe is preferably scraped in order to convey the coating material to the atomization device via the dosing pump and to force any residual paint back in the direction toward the grounded supply system of the coating installation, a very simple possibility is obtained at the same time for cleaning of the tube interior of the feeding means by the scraper in known fashion.
The invention is further explained in the practical example shown in the drawing. In the drawing:
According to
A paint wound tube 10 of the shown two-layer coil form is arranged in the essentially annular space 8 in the cylindrical part of housing 3 surrounding the dosing pump DP, which serves as supply vessel for the coating material. One tube end is connected to the side of the dosing pump DP facing away from the atomization device 4, whereas the other tube end is connected to an external compressed air connection (V3A in
A special feature of wound tube 10 serving as a supply vessel is scrapeability. Scraper 12 situated in paint tube FM of wound tube 10 can be pushed by compressed air from the mentioned compressed air connection through the entire wound tube in order to force the coating material situated in it to dosing pump DP. Appropriate scrapers for this purpose are known.
It is assumed in the following explanation of the method of operation that atomizer Z on flange 14 is mounted releaseably on robot wrist joint 1 and is removed for filling of wound tube 10 with coating material and connected to the filling station 20 shown in
The atomizer designated ZA in
The filling station 20 contains change system WWS that can be connected to change system WZA on the atomizer side, which includes a drive motor M that is mechanically connectable to dosing pump DPA. The station 20 also contains a rinsing valve arrangement SV connected to valve V2A when the atomizer is connected, with a rinsing valve S10, a pulse air valve PL10 and a return valve RF10, as well a paint changer FW connected to valve V1A with paint valves F1–F4, rinsing and pulse air valves S and PL and a return valve RF. The chosen coating material is forced from the paint changer FW through valve V1A and dosing pump DPA into the end of scrapeable paint tube FMA facing it, in order to fill it, in which scraper 12A is pushed in the direction toward the opposite tube end.
While the atomizer ZA is filled, coating can be carried out with another atomizer ZB connected to the robot hand axis 1 (
The following cycle therefore occurs during an atomizer change with paint change.
Painting with atomizer ZB and first paint: the atomizer ZB is situated on the robot. The two halves of the change system WZB and WR are also coupled to the drive for the dosing pump DPB. The valves V1B and V2B are closed. Valve V3B releases compressed air so that scraper 12B is driven.
The scraper forces the first paint to dosing pump DPB during its movement in paint tube FMB between valves V3B and V2B and the pump doses the paint with the set painting speed, during which it is driven by motor M in the robot. The scraper separates the paint from the compressed air serving as scraper driving medium and simultaneously ensures the cleaning of the paint tube walls. When the main needle valve HNB is opened, the paint flows to the atomization device. The atomizer ZB operates under high voltage.
Start of a paint change program in the atomizer change, rinsing and filling station 20: with an impending paint change, an automatic rinsing and pressure program is started by the installation control. During spraying of the first paint through atomizer ZB, the other atomizer ZA, which is situated in the atomizer change and rinsing station 20, is prepared for the next painting task. The two halves of the change system WZA and WWS are connected here. All valves of station 20 are in their base position.
Rinsing of the atomizer ZA: in the subsequent rinsing process, the scraper 12A is situated in the paint tube FMA directly in front of valve V2A, since it is assumed that it has forced all the paint located in the paint tube during the last painting process (possibly with the exception of a safety volume). Valve V3A is opened so that the scraper is exposed to compressed air. Valve V2A now opens so that by altering opening of valves S10 and PL10 on control valve SV, the rinsing agent-air mixture flows through the dosing pump DPA running at the rinsing speed and through the opened valve HNA. Thus, the atomizer ZA is rinsed from valve V2A via dosing pump DPA. (During rinsing, the pressure of the compressed air acting upon the scraper via valve V3A is greater than the pressure of the rinsing agent-air mixture.) The dosing pump DPA is driven by motor M in station 20 with valve HNA closed the paint changer FW is then briefly rinsed via valve V1A with valve RF open. Upon conclusion of the rinsing process, the entire system can be blown dry with a brief pulsed air interval.
Forcing of the second paint into atomizer ZA: The scraper 12A is situated near valve V2A when valve V3A is opened. After the rinsing process is complete, valves F2, V1A, V2A and RF10 are opened so that the second paint enters the paint channel. The dosing pump DPA runs backwards with the pressure speed. After a time stipulated by the control program according to the feed volume of the dosing pump, valve V2A is closed so that rinsing medium remaining in the paint tube is displaced and the system vented. After valve V2A is closed, the scraper is pushed by the paint column against the pressure of the compressed air to its other end position in the vicinity of valve V3A. After reaching the desired amount of paint by means of the dosing pump, the pressure process is ended. All mentioned valves go back to their base position. Atomizer ZA is now prepared for the next painting process and remains in station 20 until the next atomizer change.
Start of the atomizer change program and changing from atomizer ZB to atomizer ZA: after termination of the painting process with atomizer ZB, the dosing pump DPB is stopped, valve HNB is closed and the high voltage is then reduced. Atomizer ZB can now be replaced with atomizer ZA and a next workpiece painted with the second paint.
The described method of operation is only an example. The general atomizer system according to the invention shown in
The invention is also not limited to the described examples. In particular, the wound tube or coiled pipe serving as supply vessel can also be advantageously connected without the downline dosing pump for space saving. On the other hand, a dosing pump connected in the atomizer between the paint supply vessel and the atomization device can also be expedient for any other type of container.
In the atomizer used here, the usual high voltage cascade required for electrostatic coating can also be present.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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101 15 463 | Mar 2001 | DE | national |
This application is a continuation of and claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/360,782 and filed Mar. 16, 2002 and German Application No. 101 15 463.1 filed Mar. 29, 2001.
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20050230503 A1 | Oct 2005 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 10360782 | Mar 2002 | US |
Child | 11158130 | US |