Patent Grant
11967034
The field of the invention is augmented reality technologies.
Augmented reality represents a presentation of virtual objects along side real-world elements. Individuals can experience or interact with augmented realities according to the rules defined by the reality designers. Individuals tap into augmented reality content via cell phones, mobile computing platforms, or other AR-capable devices. Augmented reality continues to encroach rapidly on every day life while the amount of augmented reality content continues to grow at an alarming rate. Individuals are easily overwhelmed by the growing excess of available augmented reality content.
Consider one augmented reality service, BUMP.com. BUMP.com offers access to annotations bound to individual license plates as described in the Wall Street Journal™ web articled titled “License to Pry”, published on Mar. 10, 2011 (see URL blogs.wsj.com/digits/2011/03/10/a-license-to-pry). BUMP.com allows individuals to send images of license plates to the BUMP.com service. The service in turn attempts to recognize the license plate and returns annotations left by others for the same plate. Users of the system require a dedicated application to interact with the content. BUMP.com only supports providing access to their available content via their application.
Layar™ of Amsterdam, The Netherlands, (see URL www.layer.com) makes further strides in presenting augmented reality by offering access to multiple augmented reality layers where each layer is distinct or separate from other layers. A user can select which layer where layers are published by one or more third party developers. Even though Layar provides an application allowing users to select content provided by multiple third parties, the user is required choose a layer via the Layar application. Furthermore, the user is presented with single purpose content rather than experiencing augmented reality as naturally as one would experience the real-world. In the coming world of ever-present augmented reality, users should be able to seamlessly access or interact with augmented reality content as naturally as they would interact with real-world elements.
Some progress has been made over the last few years toward creating a seamless integration between user and augmented reality environments. For example, U.S. patent application publication 2006/0047704 to Gopalakrishnan titled “Method and System for Providing Information Service Relevant to Visual Imagery”, filed Aug. 30, 2005, discusses presenting embedded information services for an augment reality experience based on a context. Yet another example includes U.S. patent application publication 2009/0167787 to Bathiche et al. titled “Augment Reality and Filtering”, filed Dec. 28, 2007, offers deeper insight in providing an enhanced user experience based on a context. Bethiche discusses that virtual capabilities can be interspersed with real-world situations where the virtual data can be filtered, ranked, modified, or ignored based on a context. In a similar vein, U.S. patent application publication 2010/0257252 to Dougherty titled “Augmented Reality Cloud Computing”, filed Apr. 1, 2009, also describes providing overlay information considered pertinent to a user's surrounding environment. Although useful for providing an enriched experience for users based on context, the user still must interact with a dedicated augmented reality system. U.S. Pat. No. 7,529,639 to Rasanen et al. titled “Location-Based Novelty Index Value and Recommendation System and Method”, filed Mar. 4, 2008, describes using location and an inferred context to generate recommendations for a user. The above references also fail to appreciate that objects within an environment or scene can interfere with each other to give rise to an augmented reality experience.
From the perspective of presenting augmented reality context, to some degree U.S. Pat. No. 7,899,915 to Reisman titled “Method and Apparatus for Browsing Using Multiple Coordinated Device Sets”, filed May 8, 2003, appreciates that multiple devices can be utilized by a user. Reisman's approach allows a user to switch among display or presentation devices when interacting with hypermedia. Unfortunately, Reisman merely handles the user's side of a rich media interaction and fails to appreciate that a user's experience is also impacted by the underlying dedicated augmented reality infrastructure or by interference among elements of a scene.
U.S. Pat. No. 7,904,577 to Taylor titled “Data Transmission Protocol and Visual Display for a Networked Computer System”, filed Mar. 31, 2008, provides some support for virtual reality gaming through a protocol supporting multiple players. Even further, U.S. Pat. No. 7,908,462 to Sung titled “Virtual World Simulation Systems and Methods Utilizing Parallel Coprocessors, and Computer Program Products Thereof”, filed Jun. 9, 2010, contemplates hosting a virtual work on parallel processing array of graphic processors or field-programmable gate arrays. Although focused on providing infrastructure, the contemplated infrastructures still requires the user to interact with a dedicated augmented reality system.
These and all other extrinsic materials discussed herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety. Where a definition or use of a term in an incorporated reference is inconsistent or contrary to the definition of that term provided herein, the definition of that term provided herein applies and the definition of that term in the reference does not apply.
Unless the context dictates the contrary, all ranges set forth herein should be interpreted as being inclusive of their endpoints, and open-ended ranges should be interpreted to include commercially practical values. Similarly, all lists of values should be considered as inclusive of intermediate values unless the context indicates the contrary.
Strangely, known approaches for providing augmented reality content treat augment reality platforms as silos of virtual worlds or objects where each company develops their own hosting infrastructure to provide augmented reality services to users. Such approaches fail to allow individuals to move seamlessly from one augmented reality to another as naturally as moving from one room in a building to another. Furthermore, existing infrastructures fail to treat augmented reality objects as distinct manageable objects in an infrastructure agonistic manner, where an augmented reality infrastructure can also be a pervasive utility. For example, in the developed world electricity is ubiquitous or more aptly internet connectivity is ubiquitous. Augmented realities would benefit from similar treatment.
In a world of ubiquitous augmented realities or associated augmented reality objects where individuals interact with the augmented realities in a seamless fashion, individuals still require presentation of relevant augmented reality content especially when features, real or virtual, of an augmented reality can interfere with each other. As discussed above with respect to references presenting information based on a context, the same references fail to address interference among augmented realities or elements, real or virtual, participating in an augmented reality experience. Interestingly, known art seeks to avoid interference among elements of the augmented reality by simply forcing individuals to select which features to experience. The known art fails to appreciate that interference among elements can occur based on properties or attributes of the elements. Interference is more than mere a filtering mechanism. Interference represents ambient interplay among present, or relevant, elements in a scene that gives rise to an augmented reality experience through constructive or destructive interference.
What has yet to be appreciated is one or more augmented realities can be hosted by a common hosting infrastructure, the networking infrastructure itself for example, or that augmented reality objects can be distinct from the hosting platform. For example, the Applicant has appreciated, as discussed below, networking nodes within a networking fabric can provide augmented reality objects or other virtual constructs to edge AR-capable devices (e.g., cell phones, kiosks, tablet computers, vehicles, etc.). As the edge devices, or other devices for that matter, interact with the networking fabric by exchanging data, the fabric can determine which augmented reality objects are most relevant or even which augmented reality itself is most relevant for the device based on context derived from observed real-world elements. Augmented reality context can now be used to determine how elements in a scene, a location relevant to an individual, can interfere with each other to give rise to relevant augmented reality experiences.
Thus, there is still a need for interference based augmented reality platforms.
The inventive subject matter provides apparatus, systems and methods in which one can utilize an augmented reality (AR) hosting platform to give rise to an augmented reality experience based on interference among elements of a digital representation of a scene. One aspect of the inventive subject matter includes an AR hosting platform. Contemplated hosting platforms comprise a mobile device interface through which the platform can obtained a digital representation of a scene, possibly local to the mobile device (e.g., cell phone, vehicle, tablet computer, PDA, AR-capable device, etc.). The digital representation can include data representing one or more elements of the scene. In some embodiments, the data includes sensor data captured by the mobile device, other sensing devices proximate to the scene, or devices capable of capturing data relevant to the scene. The platform can further include an object recognition engine in communication with the mobile device interface and able analyze the digital representation to recognize one or more elements of the scene as one or more target objects. The object recognition engine can further determine a context related to the scene based on the digital representation and pertaining to the target object. Further, the engine can identify a set of relevant AR objects from available AR objects with respect to the context based on a derived interference among elements (e.g., real-world elements, virtual elements, etc.). In more preferred embodiments the derived interference forms criteria through which an AR experience is presented to an individual via the mobile device. The object recognition engine can also configure one or more remote devices to allow an interaction with a member object of the set of relevant AR objects according to the derived interference. In especially preferred embodiments, the interaction involves participating in a commercial transaction with a commerce engine. For example, an individual can purchase the member object or even a real-world object participating within the augmented reality.
Various objects, features, aspects and advantages of the inventive subject matter will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments, along with the accompanying drawing figures in which like numerals represent like components.
It should be noted that while the following description is drawn to a computer/server based augmented reality platform, various alternative configurations are also deemed suitable and may employ various computing devices including servers, interfaces, systems, databases, agents, peers, engines, controllers, or other types of computing devices operating individually or collectively. One should appreciate the computing devices comprise a processor configured to execute software instructions stored on a tangible, non-transitory computer readable storage medium (e.g., hard drive, solid state drive, RAM, flash, ROM, etc.). The software instructions preferably configure the computing device to provide the roles, responsibilities, or other functionality as discussed below with respect to the disclosed apparatus. In especially preferred embodiments, the various servers, systems, databases, or interfaces exchange data using standardized protocols or algorithms, possibly based on HTTP, HTTPS, AES, public-private key exchanges, web service APIs, known financial transaction protocols, or other electronic information exchanging methods. Data exchanges preferably are conducted over a packet-switched network, the Internet, LAN, WAN, VPN, or other type of packet switched network.
One should appreciate that the disclosed techniques provide many advantageous technical effects including providing an AR hosting infrastructure capable of configuring remote device to interact with AR object objects. For example, contemplated infrastructures determine a relevant augmented reality context from environment data representing a real-world environment local to an AR-capable device and instruct the device to interact with other AR-capable devices, AR objects, real-world objects participating in an augmented reality, or other objects considered to be pertinent to the germane augmented reality.
The following discussion provides many example embodiments of the inventive subject matter. Although each embodiment represents a single combination of inventive elements, the inventive subject matter is considered to include all possible combinations of the disclosed inventive elements. Thus if one embodiment comprises inventive elements A, B, and C, and a second embodiment comprises inventive elements B and D, then the inventive subject matter is also considered to include other remaining combinations of A, B, C, or D, even if not explicitly disclosed.
As used herein, and unless the context dictates otherwise, the term “coupled to” is intended to include both direct coupling (in which two elements that are coupled to each other contact each other) and indirect coupling (in which at least one additional element is located between the two elements). Therefore, the terms “coupled to” and “coupled with” are used synonymously.
Overview
AR object interference can be considered to mirror, or otherwise simulation, interference among electromagnetic waves, light for example. Interference among waves occurs when two or more waves interact at a location or a time in a manner where they enhance their presence (i.e., constructive interference) or suppress their presence (i.e., destructive interference) at the location. Interference among waves occurs due to interacting properties of the waves, amplitude or phase for example. The metaphor of interference can be extended to augmented realities where elements participating in the augmented reality can have properties that interfere with each other to enhance or suppress presence of relevant AR objects.
The following discussion presents the inventive subject matter within the context of networking nodes or a networking fabric as a whole operating as an AR hosting platform. Still, one should appreciate that the inventive subject matter directed to interference can also be applied to more traditional server implementations. Servers can be dedicated hardware or can operate within the network cloud, possibly operating within one or more virtual machines.
In
AR-capable devices 110 typically represent one or more types of edge devices 180 relative to networking fabric 115. Example AR-capable devices 110 include mobile devices, cell phones, gaming consoles, kiosks, vehicles (e.g., car, plane, bus, etc.), appliances, set top boxes, portable computer, or other computing devices suitably configured to present augmented content to a user. Augmented content preferably comprises data capable of being presented according to a user's available sense modalities (e.g., visual, audio, tactile, tastes, olfactory, etc.). One should appreciate that the augmented content can be converted to the user's available sense modalities as desired to compensate for a user's disability. For example, visual AR objects 142 can be presented to a visually impaired person via a tactile presentation interface.
AR-capable devices 110 can comprise one or more sensors 130 capable of acquiring environment data proximate to a user or the corresponding AR-capable device 110. Contemplated sensors 130 can include optical sensors, microphones, accelerometers, magnetometers, GPS, thermometers, bio sensors, weather sensors, or other types of sensors. Sensors 130 can be integral with AR-capable device 110 as shown, could be local to the AR-capable device 110, or even remote from the location of the AR-capable device 110. For example, a satellite can include sensors 130 where the satellite captures data relevant to the scene local to the AR-capable device 110.
In some embodiments, sensors 130 collect data local to a user within a personal area network (PAN) where the AR-capable device 110 operates as a sensor hub. The sensor hub aggregates the sensor data and exchanges the sensor data with networking fabric 115. For example, the user could wear sensors 130 as part of their clothing, within their shoes, or in their hat to collect brain signals. In such embodiments, sensors 130 can exchange data with other elements within the PAN via wired or wireless connections (e.g., Bluetooth, WiGIG, Wi-Fi, Zigbee, etc.). Example sensor data includes medical data, position data, orientation data, bio-metric data, image data, audio data, haptic data, acceleration data, proximity data, temperature data, or other types of data capable of being captured by a sensor. Furthermore, the digital representation of the scene can include bio-sensor data, or other health-related data, from multiple individual sensors. Regardless of the type of data collected, the data can represent a digital representation of a scene where the digital representation can include raw data, processed data, metadata, or other types of data representative of a real-world environment.
Networking nodes 120 preferably obtain environment data related to a real-world scene of AR-capable device 110. The environment data can include a broad spectrum of data reflecting the real-world environment. As discussed above, the environment data can include sensor data comprising a digital representation of the environment or scene where the sensor data is acquired by AR-capable device 110. In addition, the environment data can comprise external data obtained from a source other than AR-capable device 110. For example, the environment data could include data obtained from a weather station, a surveillance camera, another cell phone, a web server, a radio station, a satellite, or other sources configured to provide environment data.
The digital representation of a scene can comprises environment data extending beyond just sensor data. Environment data can also include AR data reflecting a currently presented augmented reality or relevant AR objects 142. For example, the environment data could include information relating to the proximity of AR-capable device 110 to virtual objects. Further, the environment data can comprise information relating to the operation of AR-capable device 110 itself. Examples include networking metrics, user identity or demographics, installed software or firmware, or other types of environment data. Thus one can considered the digital representation of the scene to be encompassing many aspects of the scene, including encompassing individuals participating within the scene, physical environment of the scene, augmented aspects of the scene, or even aspects beyond normal human perception (e.g., networking metrics, etc.).
Networking fabric 115 is depicted as a cloud of interconnected networking nodes 120, the Internet for example or a cloud computing infrastructure (e.g., Amazon EC2™, Google™ Rackspace™, etc.). One should appreciate fabric 115 is a communication infrastructure allowing edge devices 180 to exchange data with each other in a general purpose fashion. In addition, fabric 115 can provide a platform from which one or more AR objects 142 can be presented to AR-capable devices 110. Networking nodes 120 composing network fabric 115 preferably comprise computing devices able to direct data traffic from one port on the node to other port. Example networking nodes 120 include routers, hubs, switches, gateways, firewalls, access points, or other devices capable of forwarding or routing traffic. The fabric can include a homogenous mix or a heterogeneous mix of node types. In some embodiments, the fabric can extend into AR-capable devices 110, possibly in environments where AR-capable device 110 operates as a sensor hub within a PAN. Fabric 115 can further comprise one or more types of networks including the Internet, a LAN, a WAN, a VPN, a WLAN, peer-to-peer networks, cloud-based system, ad hoc networks, mesh networks, or other types of networks.
More preferred embodiments include one or more AR object repositories 140 storing available AR objects 142. AR objects 142 can be stored as distinct manageable objects capable of being addressed from other nodes 120, edge devices 180, commerce engine 190, AR-capable devices 110, or even from other AR objects 142. Preferably AR objects 142 have one or more object attributes, which are considered metadata representing information related to the corresponding AR object 142. For example, the object attributes can include information about object properties that can interfere with other properties within a given AR experience context.
Object attributes can be bound to AR objects 142 as desired. In some embodiments, the object attributes conform to one or more standardized namespaces allowing various network nodes 120, servers, agents, AR-capable devices 110, or other components of the system to compare one AR object 142 to other types of objects in the system (e.g., contexts, AR objects, elements, target objects, etc.). The normalized namespaces can be defined as a global namespace that pertains to all elements including real-world objects or AR objects 142. It is also contemplated that object attributes can be defined for specific contexts. For example a gaming context could have its own namespace, which could be distinct from a shopping or traveling context. Furthermore, each type of context can have distinct namespaces or sub-namespaces possibly corresponding to an AR content publisher. A first game publisher might assign attributes to their own AR objects 142 according to their own proprietary namespace while a second game publisher might utilize a common, normalized gaming context namespace.
Contexts can take on many different forms and can be defined as desired. Within AR ecosystem 100, contexts can be treated as manageable objects. For example, a context object can be replicated or moved from one of node 120 to another. Positing context objects allows each node 120 to access to most relevant contexts when required. Contexts can be assigned names, identifiers, or other context attributes representing metadata describing the context or its use. Example context attributes can include context name, identifiers (e.g., address of context, GUID, UUID, URL, etc.), classification of a context, owner of context, publisher of the context, revision of the context, or other information. In more preferred embodiments a context object also comprises an attribute signature quantifying the relevance of a context with respect to a scene or elements of the scene. The signature can be represented by criteria or rules operating on attributes within a normalized attribute namespaces. Contexts can also belong to one more classifications or types of context. Example types of contexts can include a gaming context, a shopping context, a traveling context, a working context (e.g., job, occupation, activity, etc.), an entertainment context, or other categories.
One should appreciate that AR objects 142 can remain resident at their respective repository 140 without requiring submitting queries for the AR objects. Repositories 140 can be configured to disseminate object attributes of AR objects 142 among networking nodes 120. In such embodiments networking nodes 120 need only compare object attributes derived from the digital representation of the scene or known AR object attributes to determine if an AR object 142 is of relevance to a context. Once identified, the address of AR object 142 can be derived or otherwise acquired to find the AR object 142. Methods of addressing AR objects 142 are discussed further below.
AR repositories 140 are illustrated as separate databases located within networking fabric 115. In some embodiments, it is considered advantageous to house AR objects 142 in a segregated fashion. For example, one vendor or publisher of AR objects 142 might wish to retain control over their objects. The publisher can provide access to their repository for a fee. However, it is also considered advantageous to allow mixing of AR objects in a general purpose repository. Such an approach allows for migrating AR objects 142 from one repository 140 or node 120 to another as desired, possibly based on aggregated contexts from multiple scenes or multiple devices 110. Furthermore, one or more of AR repositories 140 could comprise a distributed repository where AR objects 142 are spread across multiple hosting components within the system. For example, a single AR repository 140 could be distributed across memories of multiple networking nodes 120. Each portion of the AR repository can be addressed within the same addressing space regardless of their location.
When an AR object 142 has been identified, the networking node can obtain the object from its location within the AR repository 140. Networking node 120 can forward or otherwise make AR object 142 available to AR-capable device 110. AR-capable devices 110 can be configured to have one or more interactions with AR object 142 according to the design of the AR object, context, or interference. In the example shown, the same AR object, “+”, is presented on two of AR-capable devices 110 to illustrate that an AR object can be shared or can be commonly presented because the devices have sufficiently similar contexts; perhaps the devices are owned by players of a shared game or AR experience. However, another AR object, “*”, is presented on a distinct AR-capable device 110 to illustrate that one could still have a distinct context from other local devices, possibly based on device use, user identity or preferences, authorization, authentication, interference among other elements in AR ecosystem 100, or other attributes.
Networking nodes 120 configure AR-capable device 110 to allow an interaction with the AR object 142. In some embodiment, the interaction comprises a presentation of AR object 142 via a display, speaker, tactile interface or other interface depending on the nature of AR object 142. AR objects 142 can also include executable instructions that can be executed by the AR-capable device 110 or even executed on networking nodes 120. The instructions can represent functionality associated with AR object 142. For example, a person might be within the vicinity of a vending machine. A corresponding AR object 142 is presented as a purchasable product to the user where the networking node house the functionality of conducting a transaction associated with the vending machine. The transaction functionality could also be located as part of AR object 142, associated with a context, integrated with AR capable device 110, remote servers or services, or other suitability configured device. Once the person leaves the vicinity, or meets other suitable criteria, the networking node can remove the code or AR object 142 based on a newly derived context or even on a change from one context to another.
Although AR objects 142 are presented in a visual format, one should appreciate that AR objects 142 can include other modalities including audio formats, haptic formats, or other formats conforming to the human senses. One should further appreciate that AR object 142 can represent objects beyond the human senses where the object's features have been converted to align with the human senses. For example, AR object 142 could instruct AR-capable device 110 to present a non-visible temperature gradient as a visible temperature contour superimposed on a real-world image of a landscape where the temperature contours are derived from an array of sensors 130, possibly within other AR-capable devices 110 or proximate to the landscape.
Hosting Platform
In
In the example shown, hosting platform 200 comprises a device interface 215 through which hosting platform 200, or the fabric in general, is able to interface with AR-capable devices. In embodiments where hosting platform 200 comprises a networking switch, device interface 215 can include one or more ports physically located on the networking switch. The ports can include wired ports (e.g., Ethernet, optic fiber, serial, USB, Firewire, HiGig, SerDes, XAUI, PCI, etc.) or other types of ports requiring a physical connection. Although a port can be a wired port, one should keep in mind that the AR-capable device does not necessarily have to connect directly with the networking node. The ports can also comprise one or more wireless ports (e.g., WUSB, 802.11, WiGIG, WiMAX, GSM, CDMA, LTE, UWB, near field, radio, laser, Zigbee, etc.). Device interface 215 could include one or more logical ports, possibly operating as an AR-related API or URL hosted as a web service within the networking node or the cloud. An AR-capable device can then gain access to AR features hosted by hosting platform 200.
Hosting platform 200 preferably operates as a general data transport for one or more edge devices. Additionally, hosting platform 200 can be configured to operate as a general purpose computing platform. In the example shown, the hosting platform 200 includes memory 230 and one or more processors 250, preferably having multiple cores 255. Memory 230 can include volatile or non-volatile memory. Example memories include RAM, flash, hard drives, solid state drives, or other forms of tangible, non-transitory memory. As the hosting platform 200 analyzes a digital representation of a scene or AR object attributes, the data and various attributes can be stored in memory 230. Additionally, memory 230 can store portions of one or more AR repositories 240. AR repositories 240, or other AR objects 242, can be stored in protected areas of memory (e.g., encrypted containers, FIPS 140-2, etc.) to respect digital rights of AR object publishers or owners. Cores 255 within processors 250 can be individually dedicated to routing functions or can be dedicate to AR functionalities, possibly executing instructions associated with one or more of AR objects 242. The Intel® E-series of Xeon processors having 10 cores would be a suitable processor as are many other multi-core processors. For example, one core can monitor or inspect traffic from an AR-capable device. When the traffic satisfies triggering criteria, the core can instantiate augmented reality processing on a second core. The second core can evaluate the traffic as part of a digital representation of the scene to derive additional attributes of interest. The additional attributes can then be used to identify one or more relevant AR objects with respect to networking or communication context 232, or with respect to interference among other elements of the scene. Thus, elements of a scene that are outside ordinary perception of a human (e.g., network traffic, etc.) can interfere with other elements of the scene, real or virtual, that do fall within ordinary perception of a human.
Memory 230 can also store one or more contexts 232 representing known scenarios of relevance to AR objects 242. Contexts 232 are also considered manageable objects having context attribute signatures describing criteria that should be satisfied for a specific context 232 to be relevant. Hosting platform 200 can analyze the digital representation of the scene to generate attributes associated with recognized elements in the scene. One approach outlining use of a context that can be suitable adapted for use with the inventive subject matter includes the techniques described by U.S. patent application publication 2010/0257252 to Dougherty titled “Augmented Reality Cloud Computing”, filed Apr. 1, 2009, among other context-based references cited previously.
Hosting platform can also include object recognition engine 260, which can function as a Object Recognition-by-Context Service (ORCS) capable of recognizing real-world elements of a scene as target objects based on the digital representation of the scene. For example, an AR-capable device, or other sensing devices for that matter, can contribute digital data forming a digital presentation of a scene where the scene includes one or more real-world elements. The digital representation of the scene can include image data, medical data, position data, orientation data, haptic data, bio-metric data, or other types of data representative of an environment or objects within the environment.
Object recognition engine 260 can utilize one or more algorithms to recognize elements of scene. Preferably, through the use of ORCS, engine 260 recognizes the elements as target objects. One should appreciate the elements of the scene can include real-world elements or virtual elements. Attributes associated with the elements can include derived attributes obtained during analysis of the digital representation or attributes obtained from the target object. In some embodiments, object attributes 244 can include target object attributes associated with apriori known target objects (e.g., buildings, plants, people, etc.). Example attributes can include features of the objects in the scene (e.g., color, shape, face, size, iris, speech modulations, words, etc.), features of the data itself (e.g., frequencies, image resolution, etc.), or other types of features. Acceptable algorithms including SIFT, SURF, ViPR, VSLAM, or other image processing techniques to identify features of elements in a scene. Acceptable techniques that can be adapted for processing data to identify target objects include those described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,016,532; 7,477,780; 7,680,324; 7,565,008; and 7,564,469.
Object recognition engine 260 can use the environment attributes (e.g., known target object attributes, derived attributes, etc.) to recognize one or more objects in the real-world scene. When a target known object is recognized, object information associated with the target object can then be used to determine if any of contexts 232 pertain to the recognized target with respect to the digital representation. The attributes of the recognized target object or other attributes of the environment can be compared with context attribute signature to make the determination. In embodiments where the various types of objects (e.g., AR objects, contexts, elements, target objects, interferences, etc.) in the system have aligned attribute namespaces, the comparison can be performed as a lookup. The comparison can also include ensuring the context attribute signatures are satisfied where satisfaction of the signatures can be based on values of the attributes with respect to requirements or optional conditions of the signatures. For example, a gaming context might require at least a certain number of recognized players to be present within a scene before the gaming context is considered as pertaining to the scene.
Attributes of the target object can be matched with corresponding attributes of context 232. For example, a real-world element (e.g., a person, a vending machine, a kiosk, a sign, etc.) might comprise a game goal. When the game goal is imaged or sensed, object recognition engine 260 recognizes the real-world object as a goal causing the platform 200 to instruct the AR-capable device to present an AR object 242 as a reward. Thus, real-world elements can be correlated with corresponding context 232 based on derived environment attributes, AR object attributes, context attribute signature, or other factors. Upon determining that one or more contexts 232 pertain to recognized elements, object recognition engine 260 can sift through AR objects 242 to identify which of the a totality of AR objects, referenced to a AR actuality, are indeed considered available AR objects 242 pertain to contexts 232. One should appreciate that available AR objects 242 might be considered to pertain to contexts 232. AR actuality is intended to convey the meaning of all existing augmented realities or AR objects that could possibly be presented.
Several noteworthy points should be appreciated. AR repository 240 can include a vast number of actual AR objects 242 that could be accessed based on various contexts 232. However, the number of available AR objects 242 represents a sub-set of the total number of AR objects 242 in the AR actuality. Available AR objects 242 can be considered to represent the fraction of the total AR objects 242 that are accessible based on authorized access to contexts 232, assuming proper authentication. Still further, the set of relevant AR objects 242 represents a portion of available AR objects 242. The set of relevant AR objects 242 are those objects pertaining to context 232. One should further appreciate member objects of the set of relevant AR objects 242 might or might not be presented to an individual. Member objects of the set are presented according to a derived interference among elements of the scene.
One should keep in mind that the memory 230 does not necessarily store AR object 242. Rather memory 230 of platform 200 could just store AR object attributes 244. Platform 200 can determine which of AR objects 242, if any, is of relevance to context 232 pertaining to a current environment or scene associated with the AR-capable device. In response, platform 200 can access an AR Object Addressing Agent (AOAA) 220, which can derive an address of the corresponding AR objects, possibly located on remote nodes.
AOAA 220 can derive an AR object address through numerous methods. In more simplistic embodiments, the AR object attributes 244 could include an address where the AR object 242 can be retrieved, assuming proper authentication or authorization. Such an approach is advantageous when memory requirements in platform 200 are more severe. Although the AOAA 220 is illustrated as being part of platform 200, the functionality of AOAA 220, or the object recognition engine 260, can be located within other devices, networking nodes, AR-capable devices (e.g., mobile phones, vehicles, etc.), or other components within the networking fabric.
Another approach by which AOAA 220 can derive an AR object address includes converting at least some of the attributes (e.g., environment attributes, derived attributes, target object attributes, context attributes, etc.) directly into an address within an address space. For example, derived attributes of the environment data can be quantified and converted into vector of attributes, possibly based on a standardized namespaces as discussed previously. The vector is run through a deterministic function, a hash function for example, to generate a hash value where the hash space represents the address space. The networking nodes, AR objects 242, contexts 232, or other items in the ecosystem can be assigned an address within the hash space. AR objects 242 can be stored on nodes having addresses that are close to the address of the AR objects. Once the address is generated, the networking node simply forwards a request for the AR object to a neighboring node having an address closer to the address of the AR object. An astute reader will recognize such addressing techniques as being similar to schemes used in peer-to-peer file sharing protocols. One aspect of the inventive subject matter is considered to including applying distributed addressing techniques to AR objects in a networking infrastructure environment.
Platform 200 can be configured to distinguish among augmented realities by applying different functions to generate an address. A first function, a hash or other type of function, could be used to derive a first portion of an address representing a specific augmented reality within the augment actuality. A second function can be applied to attributes to generate a specific AR object address. In some embodiments, the first portion could be prefix (e.g., a domain name, DOI prefix, etc.) while a second portion represents a suffix (e.g., a URL address, DOI suffix, etc.). Additional, the prefix, suffix, or other extension of an address can represent an address scheme associated with a context. In an embodiment using domain names, an address for an AR object might have the form “www.<augmented-reality address>.com/<context address>/<object address>” where each set of angle brackets (“< >”) indicates a portion of a multi-portion AR object address.
Yet another approach for addressing could include converting environment attributes or other attributes into a network address where the AR object 242 is located. The attributes can be an index into a lookup table shared among networking nodes where the table has available AR objects 242 and their corresponding addresses. The network address could be a domain name or URL in a hash space as discuss above.
Regardless of the addressing scheme, AR object addresses generated by the AOAA 220 point to a location of a corresponding AR object 242 in one or more of the AR repositories 240, even when the objects or repositories are located external to hosting platform 200. As discussed above the AR object address can be derived directly, or indirectly, from a real-world object recognized as a target object, from context 232, or other elements carrying attribute information. Example AR object addresses can include a domain name, a URL, an IP address, a MAC address, a GUID, a hash value, or other type of address. In some embodiments, each AR object 242 can be assigned its own IP address (e.g., IPv4, IPv6, etc.) and can be directly addressed via one or more protocols (e.g., DNS, HTTP, FTP, SSL, SSH, etc.). For example, each AR object 242 could have its own IP address in an IPv6 environment or could have its own domain name and corresponding URLs. In such embodiments, AR objects 242 can be located through known techniques including name servers, DNS, or other address resolution techniques.
Although hosting platform 200 is illustrated as networking node or a server, one should appreciate that the functionality of hosting platform 200 as represented by its components can be integrated into AR-capable devices (e.g., mobile devices, tablets, cell phones, etc.). For examples an individual's cell phone can be configured with one or more modules (e.g., software instructions, hardware, etc.) offering capabilities of AOAA 220, object recognition engine 260, device interface 215, or other capabilities. In such an embodiment, device interface 215 can take on the form of a set of APIs through which the cell phone exchanges data with hosting platform 200 or its components. In still other embodiments, AR-capable device can share roles or responsibilities of hosting platform 200 with external devices. For example, a cell phone might utilize a local object recognition engine 260 to recognize easy to recognize objects (e.g., a face, money, bar code, etc.) while a digital representation of the scene is also transmitted to a more capable remote object recognition engine 260, which can recognize specific objects (e.g., a specific person's face, a context of a scene, etc.).
Element Interference
The hosting platform analyzes digital representation 334 in an attempt to recognize one or more elements 390 within the scene as a target object. Recognized elements can include one or more individual elements as indicated by element 390A through element 390B. Recognizing elements 390 can include distinguishing between known target objects, identifying an object as a specific object (e.g., a car versus a specific car), interpreting an object (e.g., optical character recognition, logos, bar codes, symbols, etc.), or otherwise making a determination that an element 390 corresponds, at least to within some confidence level, a target object.
One should appreciate that the target object might not necessarily correspond to a specific element of the scene. For example, element 390A might represent a specific person's face, while the target object represents simply a generic face object. In some embodiments, element 390A can be recognized as more than one target object. To continue the previous example, element 390A could be recognized as a hierarchy of objects linked together: a human object, a male object, a face object, an eye object, an iris object, and an iris identification object, for example. With respect to
Preferably the hosting platform recognizes at least one element in the scene, element 390A for example, as a target object. It is also contemplated that other elements 390 in the scene beyond real-world elements can also be recognized as target objects. For example, element 390B could be a virtual object whose image has been captured as part of digital representation 334. Element 390B could also be an object beyond human perception: radio waves, network traffic, network congestion, or other objects.
The hosting platform analyzes one or more of recognized elements 390 to determine a context 332 that pertains to the recognized target object. Multiple factors come into play when determining which of contexts 332 as represented by context 332A and 332B is most applicable to the scene. In the example shown, context 332A comprises an attribute signature indicating when context 332A would likely be considered applicable to a scene. Attributes of recognized elements 390A can be compared to the signature. If recognized elements 390A, alone or in aggregate, have attributes that sufficiently match the signature, the context 332A can be considered to pertain to at least the recognized target objects and to the scene as represented by digital representation 334. Although the example shown in
Contexts 332 can be defined a priori as desired or automatically generated. A priori contexts 332 can be defined via a context definition interface (not shown) allowing an entity, possibly a AR object publisher, to define appropriate context. The entity can enter context attributes, signatures, or other information as desired to create a context object. The hosting platform can also be used to generate a context. For example, when digital representation 334 is analyzed and elements 390 are recognized, an individual can instruct the hosting platform to convert attributes of recognized elements 390A into a context signature.
Context 332A can further include an attribute vector, labeled as Pv, representing attributes or properties of scene elements 390 considered to be relevant to the context with respect to determining interference among elements 390, recognized or un-recognized. To some readers, the attribute vector might be a subtle point and should not be confused with the context attribute signature. Rather, the attribute vector comprises a data structure of relevant attributes that elements 390 should have to create an interference among the elements. Thus, the attribute vector can be considered element selection criteria for deriving an interference. One should keep in mind that a recognized element 390A might contribute to satisfaction of a context signature but might not align with the context's attribute vector. For example, a person might be recognized as a target object representing a player in an AR game. The person could contribute to determine which gaming context pertains to the person or the scene. However, the player might not be required to determine interference among other gaming objects within the scene.
Context attribute vectors can also align within one or more normalized or standardized namespaces. Each member of the vector can include an attribute name and possibly values. Thus attributes can be considered be a multi-valued object. It is considered advantageous to utilize a common namespace to allow for easy mapping between elements and contexts, as well as other generic objects within the contemplated system.
Context 332A can further include an interference function, labeled as FI, representing a quantified description of how elements 390 of a scene interfere with each other with respect to one more element attributes to enhance or suppress the presence of AR objects in the scene. The interference function preferably is function of the attribute vector and of the available AR objects 342. Available AR objects 324 represent AR objects considered to be valid participates of the scene as well as considered to be valid participants associated with context 332. Available AR objects 342 can be identified as discussed previously, possibly through comparison of the object attributes of AR objects 324 to context attributes of context 332.
Element attributes, AR object attributes, or other attributes that contribute to interference can include myriad types of attributes. To extend the metaphor of interference of electromagnetic waves further, interference of the waves depends on various factors (e.g., amplitude, phase, frequency, etc.) at a point in space. In more preferred embodiments, elements 390 can also give rise to interference based on locations. For example, digital representation 334 can comprises location information (e.g., relative location to elements 390 of a scene, triangulation, GPS coordinates, etc.) where the interference function can depend on location. More specifically, the location information can pertain to or reflect the physical location of real-world elements. Further the interference among elements 390 can also depend on time where digital representation 334 comprises time information associated with elements 390 or the scene in general.
The interference function can be used to generate derived interference 350. Derived interference 350 can be considered an auto-generated interference criteria used to determine which of the available AR objects 342 are context relevant AR objects 346 and to what extent context relevant AR objects 346 should have a presence in an augmented reality experience based on interference among the elements 390. Derived interference 350 can be considered to represent interference criteria derived from element properties (i.e., attribute values) of elements 390. The context relevant AR objects 346 are members of the set of AR objects that satisfy the interference criteria. In the example shown, the interference function is characterized as a sum of element properties in a similar fashion as electronic magnetic wave interference can be calculated by summing amplitude taking into account various properties (e.g., phase, time, location, frequency, etc.). In the simplistic example presented, the interference criteria are derived on an attribute-by-attribute basis by summing over the values over corresponding attributes of scene elements 390. For example, a first criterion for a first attribute can be derived from a sum of the corresponding attribute values from all elements. If one of available AR objects 342 has attribute values satisfying the interference criteria, it is considered to be a member of the set of context relevant AR objects 346.
Although the example of derived interference 350 is based on a simple sum, it is contemplated the interference function can be arbitrarily complex. Preferably, the resulting interference function yields an object satisfaction level with respect to the interference criteria. The satisfaction level indicates to what degree each of relevant AR objects 346 has a presence in the augmented reality. A satisfaction level can be calculated according to a desired algorithm to properly reflect the utility of context 332A. For example, a satisfaction level can be based on several factors, possibly including a number of interference criterion met (e.g., requirements, optional condition, etc.), a normalized measure of how far object attributes exceed or fall below criteria thresholds, or other algorithms. The satisfaction level can be used to instruct a remote AR-capable device on how to interact with relevant AR objects 346.
The above description is written from the perspective that elements within a scene interfere with each other to influence possible interactions with relevant AR objects 346. One should appreciate that the interference can be derived based on all recognized elements 390A of the scene, a portion of the elements recognized in the scene, or even a single element recognized within the scene. Furthermore, the elements can include the relevant AR objects 346 with which an individual can interact. Therefore, relevant AR objects 346 can contribute to the interference and affect their own presence much in the same way two interfering electromagnetic waves give rise to their combined effect (e.g., interference patterns, amplitudes, etc.).
An astute reader will appreciate that a current circumstance in a scene can change quite rapidly with time, which can be reflected in digital representation 334. As digital representation 334 changes in time, including in real-time, contexts 332 can also change in time. Changes in contexts 332 cause derived interference 350 to change in time, which in turn can change the set of relevant AR objects 346 in time. Such changes can be propagated back to remote AR-capable devices. In some embodiments, relevant AR objects 346 can have some level of temporal persistence to ensure smooth transitions from one context state to another. For example, relevant AR objects 346 might be presented and remains present even after its corresponding context 332 is no longer relevant. Additionally, a context 332 might have to remain relevant for a certain period of time before relevant AR objects 346 are presented. Such an approach is advantageous for usability.
Although the above discussion describes generating derived interference 350 based on contexts 332, one should also note derived interference 350 can depend on changes between or among contexts 332. As scene changes with time, contexts 332 can ebb or flow, or even shift focus (e.g., a primary context, secondary context, tertiary context, etc.) from a first context to a second context. On aspect of the inventive subject matter is considered to include configuring AR-capable devices to allow interactions with context relevant AR objects 346 based on changes between contexts 332, preferably as determined by derived interference 350 spawned from such context changes. For example, an individual can participate within an augmented reality experience associated with a gaming context. If they chose to purchase a product, the augmented reality experience can incorporate a shopping context. Derived interference 350 can be adjusted based on the shift in focus from a specific gaming context to a shopping context to provide additional AR content to the individual. Alternatively, a shift in focus from a gaming context to a traveling context might not affect the individual's augmented reality experience. One should note a shift in focus could include retaining a previously identified context 332 without discarding them in favor a new context 332. A context focus can be measured according to what degree a context 332 pertains to a scene, possibly relevant to other contexts 332.
Interference-Based Presentation
The AR hosting platform generates a derived interference based on elements 490 to determine how they constructively or destructively interference with respect to a context. In the case of mobile device 410A, relevant AR object 446A has an enhanced presence due to constructive interference among elements 490. Thus, relevant AR object 446A is strongly influenced by the constructive interference among elements 490 and likely has a strong satisfaction level with respect to interference criteria. In the example of mobile device 410B, which captures a similar digital representation of the scene having elements 490, the context dictates that relevant AR object 446B has a suppressed presence due to destructive interference among elements 490. Thus, relevant AR object 446B is weakly, or negatively, influenced by elements 490 and likely has a weak or negative satisfaction level with respect to the interference criteria.
One should note that relevant AR object 446B could even be relevant AR object 446A. However, the mobile devices provide different augmented reality experiences based on the difference in relative satisfaction levels. One reason, among many, for such a difference could be based on user identification of the mobile devices where the user's identification information is incorporated into the digital representation of the scene altering the contexts.
Enhanced presence and suppressed presence can take many different forms depending on the nature of relevant AR objects 446A and 446B, the context, or other factors relating to the scene. At a most basic level, presence could simply mean relevant AR objects are present (enhanced) or not present (suppressed). Still, presence can cover a full spectrum of experiences. Consider a visual image of relevant AR object 446A. The visual image can be superimposed over an image of the scene where the visual image is opaque and covers images of elements 490. However, the visual image of relevant AR object 446B might have shades of transparency to indicate a suppressed presence. Similarly when relevant AR objects 446A and 446B have audio content, the audio can be played according to volume levels derived from each objects interference criteria satisfaction level. It is contemplated that presence can be enhanced or suppressed for all human sense modalities, naturally depending on the presentation capabilities of the AR-capable devices.
Presence can also extend beyond human sense modalities. Enhanced or suppressed presence can also affect functionality associated with relevant AR objects 446A or 446B. When mobile devices 410A and 410B are instructed to allow an interaction with relevant AR objects 446A or 446B, the interactions can be restricted or allowed based on the satisfaction level. For example, specific features of relevant AR objects 446A might be turned on or made available while features of relevant AR object 446B might be turned off or otherwise made unavailable.
Use Case: Gaming and Promotion Contexts
The example of
For the simplified case of
The gaming and promotion use case is just one example of context derivation and interference. Another similar example could include a medical context where presence of medical equipment (e.g., X-Ray, MRI, dentist chair, etc.), a patient, and a doctor dictate which AR medical objects should be made available. For example, a patient can enter a doctor's office with a doctor present where the doctor utilizes a tablet or pad based computing device (e.g., iPad™, Xoom™, PlayBook™ etc.). When the doctor and patient are alone, their presence constructively interferes to allow full interaction with the patient's AR-based medical records on the pad. When the doctor and patient are in the presence of others, the individuals destructively interfere causing restricted interactions with the AR-based medical records.
Use Case: Object-Based Message Boards
One should appreciate that the messages presented in the message board are made available based on context of scene 695 and interference among elements of the scene. For example, a personal message has been bound to the real world object for the owner of mobile device 610A. The personal message is presented due to the presence of the device owner and the object together, thus constructively interfering causing presentation of the personal message. Additionally, the message board lists other messages that target the general public. One should appreciate that individuals can use their mobile devices, or other AR-capable devices, to interact with AR objects 646A via a message exchange, even where AR object 646A represents a message bound to a real-world element. Although AR objects 646A are presented as messages or a message board bound to a specific element recognized as a specific target object, As discussed previously AR objects 646 can include purchasable products, promotions (e.g., coupons, prizes, incentives, sales, discounts, etc.), content (e.g., images, video, audio, etc.), a reward based on an achievement, a token, a clue to a puzzle or game, an unlocked augmented reality experience, application data, reviews, or other type of objects or content.
Interactions
Once the AR hosting platform identifies the set of relevant AR objects for a context, the hosting platform instructs the mobile device, or other AR capable device, to allow the device to have one or more interactions with the AR objects. In some embodiments, the AR objects can include hyper-linked AR objects allowing a user to select or click a presented object, which causes the device to access additional information over the network. In more elaborate embodiments, the AR objects can include software instructions that are copied to a tangible memory of the mobile device. The instructions configure the mobile device to interact with the AR object or remote computing devices according to the instructions. Interactions can include a wide range of possible interplay between or among the AR-capable devices and AR objects.
One especially interesting interaction includes allowing the AR-capable device to participate in a commercial transaction with a commerce engine. The commercial transaction can include purchasing, selecting, or otherwise monetizing interactions with member objects of the set of relevant AR objects. Conducting a commercial transaction can include interaction with one or more on-line accounts over a network. In such embodiments, the AR objects of interest can carry instructions or other types of information to allow the device to interact with remote servers to complete a transaction. Such an approach eliminates a requirement of the device to have a priori knowledge of financial protocols to complete the transaction. Additional examples of commercial transactions can include interacting with frequent flyer mile programs; exchanging virtual currency in an on-line world; transferring funds, real or virtual, from one account to another; paying tolls; interacting with a point-of-sales device; conducting a credit card, gift card, or loyalty card transaction; making on-line purchases via an on-line retailer (e.g., Amazon™, Audible™, etc.); paying utilities; paying taxes; or other types of interactions considered to have monetary value.
Yet another contemplated type of interaction includes managing AR objects. In more typical embodiments, individuals with cell phones would likely represent consumers of AR content. AR content consumers have a broad set of needs to manage AR objects. In some embodiments, an individual's cell phone can operate as an AR object hub through which the individual can interact with other nearby cell phone's participating within an overlapping augmented reality experience. A cell phone, or other AR-capable device, can also operate as a storage facility or virtual brief case for more permanent AR objects bound to the individual or cell phone. Management is also considered to include monitoring use of AR objects, assuming proper authentication or authorization with respect to the AR objects; establishing alerts or notifications; inventorying AR objects or capabilities; logging use of AR objects, transporting AR objects from one physical location to another; exchanging or trading AR objects with others; viewing or observing contexts; or other types of management related interactions.
Management interactions can also apply to augmented reality content creators or publishers. Interactions can also comprise allowing AR-capable devices to operate as a content creation utility. Publishers can utilize AR-capable devices, even their own cell phones, to interact with AR objects including creating AR objects in real-time from elements within a scene; populating a scene with AR objects; defining or creating AR contexts even based on elements of a scene; managing revisions or versions of AR objects; debugging AR objects during creation or even in the field; publishing or releasing one or more AR objects for consumption; binding AR objects to other AR objects or to real-world elements; establishing interferences functions for contexts or scenes; or otherwise participating in creating or managing AR content.
It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that many more modifications besides those already described are possible without departing from the inventive concepts herein. The inventive subject matter, therefore, is not to be restricted except in the scope of the appended claims. Moreover, in interpreting both the specification and the claims, all terms should be interpreted in the broadest possible manner consistent with the context. In particular, the terms “comprises” and “comprising” should be interpreted as referring to elements, components, or steps in a non-exclusive manner, indicating that the referenced elements, components, or steps may be present, or utilized, or combined with other elements, components, or steps that are not expressly referenced. Where the specification claims refers to at least one of something selected from the group consisting of A, B, C . . . and N, the text should be interpreted as requiring only one element from the group, not A plus N, or B plus N, etc.
This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 18/206,976 filed Jun. 7, 2023 which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 17/972,504 filed Oct. 24, 2022 which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 17/386,410 filed Jul. 27, 2021 which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/926,485 filed Jul. 10, 2020, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/557,963 filed Aug. 30, 2019, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/186,405 filed Nov. 9, 2018, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/786,242 filed Oct. 17, 2017, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/213,113 filed Jul. 18, 2016, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/329,882 filed Jul. 11, 2014, which is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/173,244, filed on Jun. 30, 2011, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,810,598, which claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Application having Ser. No. 61/473,324 filed on Apr. 8, 2011, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. U.S. patents and U.S. patent application publications discussed herein are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. Non-patent publications discussed herein are hereby incorporated by reference to the extent permitted by 37 CFR § 1.57(e). Where a definition or use of a term in an incorporated reference is inconsistent or contrary to the definition of that term provided herein, the definition of that term provided herein applies and the definition of that term in the reference does not apply.
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