Patent Application
20220001148
The present disclosure generally relates to a balloon catheter and a balloon arrangement method.
In recent years, balloon catheters are used for improving a lesion area generated in a living body lumen. The balloon catheter is normally provided with an elongated shaft, and a balloon provided at distal end side of the shaft and is capable of inflating in a radial direction. The balloon in a deflated state is caused to reach to a target location inside the body through a thin living body lumen and after reaching the target location, the balloon is inflated, whereby it is possible to expand a lesion area.
However, the lesion area can be forcedly expanded, which can result in excessive propagation of smooth muscle cells, whereby a new stenosis (restenosis) may be developed in the lesion area in some cases. Therefore, a drug-coated balloon (DCB) in which an outer surface of the balloon is coated with a drug for suppressing a stenosis has been used recently. The drug eluting balloon inflates to release the drug coated on the outer surface to the lesion area, and thus can suppress the restenosis.
Generally, a balloon is folded so as to be wound around a shaft of the catheter in order to be deflated to a small diameter. For example, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2004-525704 A describes that wing portions protruding in a radial direction of a balloon are pleated on the balloon, and the wing portions are folded so as to be wound around a shaft of a catheter.
If adjacent wing portions of the balloon contact each other, there is a possibility that drug-coated layers on the wing portions contact each other, and are separated. Moreover, the balloon is housed in a protective tube in order to protect the drug-coated layer on the surface in some cases. In this case, contact between the drug-coated layer and the protective tube can easily cause the separation of the drug-coated layer. Moreover, when the balloon catheter is retained or transported, the vibration acts on the balloon catheter in some cases. In such a case, the contact between the drug-coated layers and the contact between the drug-coated layer and the protective tube can also easily cause the separation of the drug-coated layer.
A balloon catheter and a balloon arrangement method are disclosed capable of suppressing the separation of a drug with which an outer surface of a balloon is coated.
A balloon catheter is disclosed, which includes: a balloon with an outer surface coated with a drug; and a protective tube in which the balloon in a state of being folded on an outer peripheral surface of a shaft of the balloon catheter is disposed to an inside of the protective tube, in which: the balloon includes a plurality of wing portions that are folded along a circumferential direction of the shaft while protruding radially outward of the balloon, and a plurality of base portions that are in contact with the shaft; the plurality of wing portions each include a wing distal end portion that is positioned on a protruding side, a wing proximal end portion that is connected to the base portion, and a wing middle portion that is positioned between the wing distal end portion and the wing proximal end portion; the wing distal end portion includes a wing distal end outer portion that is directed to a side of the protective tube, and a wing distal end inner portion that is directed to a side of the shaft, and is pleated such that inner surfaces of the balloon are separated from each other; inner surfaces of the balloon contact each other to pleat the wing middle portion, the wing proximal end portion is pleated such that inner surfaces of the balloon are separated from each other; the wing distal end outer portion contacts an inner peripheral surface of the protective tube; the wing distal end inner portion includes a first contact portion that contacts a second contact portion of adjacent another wing portion; and in a cross section orthogonal to a longitudinal axis of the shaft, outer surfaces of the balloon extending along a circumferential direction of the balloon between the first contact portion and the second contact portion, which contact each other, are disposed so as to surround one internal region.
In the balloon catheter configured as the above, the outer surfaces of the balloon between the first contact portion that is positioned in the wing distal end inner portion and the second contact portion that contacts the first contact portion surround one internal region, so that it is possible to suppress the drug on the outer surfaces of the balloon that surround the internal region from contacting other sites. Therefore, the separation of the drug from the outer surface of the balloon is suppressed. Moreover, the first contact portion and the second contact portion contact each other, so that the plurality of wing portions are supported with one another, and are disposed in the inside of the protective tube in a three-dimensional structure. Therefore, the balloon is difficult to move in the inside of the protective tube, and is excellently held. Accordingly, the separation of the drug from the outer surface of the balloon due to the friction caused by the balloon moving in the inside of the protective tube can be suppressed.
In the wing distal end portion, the distal end space portion surrounded by the inner surfaces of the balloon is formed in the inside of the wing distal end portion, and in the cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the shaft, the area in at least one of the internal regions may be larger than the area in the distal end space portion of the wing distal end portion in which the first contact portion defining the internal region is positioned. As the internal region is widened, the outer surface of the balloon that is positioned in the internal region and thus suppressed from contacting the other sites increases more, which can help suppress the separation of the drug caused by the wing portion contacting other sites of the balloon.
Moreover, in the cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the shaft, the length in which the outer surface of the balloon and the inner peripheral surface of the protective tube contact each other may be one half or more of the circumferential length in the inner peripheral surface of the protective tube. Accordingly, the balloon is excellently supported by the protective tube, and difficult to move in the inside of the protective tube. Therefore, the separation of the drug from the outer surface of the balloon due to the friction caused by the balloon moving in the inside of the protective tube can be suppressed.
At least one of the wing middle portions may contact the inner peripheral surface of the protective tube. Accordingly, the internal region that is formed on an inner side of the wing middle portion is widened, and the outer surface of the balloon that is positioned in the internal region and suppressed from contacting the other sites is increased. This can suppress the separation of the drug caused by the wing portions contacting other sites of the balloon.
The balloon catheter may include the flexible protective film that is sandwiched between the protective tube and the balloon. Accordingly, a drug on the outer surface of the balloon contacts the protective tube via the flexible protective film, so that the separation of the drug can be suppressed. Moreover, the protective tube is provided to allow the balloon to be inserted into the protective tube, and to be taken out from the protective tube in the state where the balloon is kept to be covered with the protective film. Therefore, when the balloon is inserted into the protective tube and/or when the balloon is taken out from the protective tube, the separation of the drug caused by rubbing of the wing portions against the protective tube can be suppressed.
A balloon arranging method according to the present disclosure that attains the above-mentioned object is a balloon arranging method of arranging a balloon of a balloon catheter in which the balloon with an outer surface coated with a drug is arranged on an outer peripheral surface of a shaft so as to be inflatable, to an inside of a protective tube, the balloon arranging method including: pleating a plurality of wing portions that protrude radially outward and a plurality of base portions that are respectively positioned between the plurality of wing portions, on the balloon; folding the plurality of wing portions along a circumferential direction of the shaft; and inserting the balloon into the protective tube, in which: at the pleating of the plurality of wing portions, a wing distal end portion that is positioned on a protruding side, a wing proximal end portion that is connected to the base portion, and a wing middle portion that is positioned between the wing distal end portion and the wing proximal end portion, are pleated in each of the plurality of wing portions; at the inserting of the balloon into the protective tube, a wing distal end outer portion that is directed to a side of the protective tube, a wing distal end inner portion that is directed to a side of the shaft, are pleated in the wing distal end portion, and inner surfaces of the balloon that are positioned in the wing distal end portion are disposed by being separated from each other; inner surfaces of the balloon that are positioned in the wing middle portion are disposed by contacting each other; inner surfaces of the balloon that are positioned in the wing proximal end portion are disposed by being separated from each other; the wing distal end outer portion is brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the protective tube; a first contact portion that contacts a second contact portion of adjacent another wing portion is provided to the wing distal end inner portion; and in a cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the shaft, outer surfaces of the balloon extending along a circumferential direction of the balloon between the first contact portion and the second contact portion are disposed by separating the outer surfaces from each other so as to surround one internal region.
In the balloon arranging method configured as the above, the outer surfaces of the balloon between the first contact portion that is positioned in the wing distal end inner portion and the second contact portion that contacts the first contact portion surround one internal region, so that it is possible to suppress the drug on the outer surfaces of the balloon that surround the internal region from contacting other sites. Therefore, the separation of the drug from the outer surface of the balloon is suppressed. Moreover, the first contact portion and the second contact portion contact each other, so that the plurality of wing portions are supported with one another, and are disposed in the inside of the protective tube in a three-dimensional structure. Therefore, the balloon is difficult to move in the inside of the protective tube, and is excellently held. Accordingly, the separation of the drug from the outer surface of the balloon due to the friction caused by the balloon moving in the inside of the protective tube can be suppressed.
In the balloon arranging method, at the inserting of the balloon into the protective tube, a flexible protective film may be disposed between the balloon and the protective tube. Accordingly, when the balloon is inserted into the protective tube, the drug on the outer surface of the balloon contacts the protective tube via the flexible protective film. This can suppress the separation of the drug.
In the balloon arranging method, at the pleating of the plurality of wing portions and the plurality of base portions, the flexible film may be interposed between the plurality of first blade portions that are arranged so as to surround the balloon in order to fold the wing portions, and the balloon and at the folding of the plurality of wing portions, the flexible film may be interposed between the plurality of second blade portions that are arranged so as to surround the balloon in order to fold the plurality of wing portions, and the balloon. Accordingly, when the plurality of wing portions and the plurality of base portions are pleated on the balloon, and when the plurality of wing portions are folded, it is possible to protect the surface of the balloon by the films, and suppress the separation of the drug from the balloon.
In accordance with an aspect, a method is disclosed of arranging a balloon of a balloon catheter inside a protective tube, the method comprising: coating an outer surface of the balloon of the balloon catheter with a drug; pleating a plurality of wing portions that protrude radially outward and a plurality of base portions that are respectively positioned between the plurality of wing portions, on the balloon, and wherein at the pleating of the plurality of the wing portions, a wing distal end portion that is positioned on a protruding side, a wing proximal end portion that is connected to the base portion, and a wing middle portion that is positioned between the wing distal end portion and the wing proximal end portion, are pleated in each of the plurality of wing portions; folding the plurality of wing portions along a circumferential direction of the shaft; and inserting the balloon into the protective tube.
Set forth below with reference to the accompanying drawings is a detailed description of embodiments of a balloon catheter and a balloon arrangement method. Note that since embodiments described below are preferred specific examples of the present disclosure, although various technically preferable limitations are given, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments unless otherwise specified in the following descriptions. Note that, the dimensions on the drawings may be exaggerated for convenience of description, and may be different from the actual dimensions in some cases. Moreover, in the present specification and the drawings, the same reference signs are given to the components having substantially the same functions, and overlapped descriptions of the components are thus omitted. In the present specification, a side of a balloon catheter to be inserted into a blood vessel is referred to as a “distal side”, and a hand-side at which the balloon catheter is operated is referred to as a “proximal side”.
A balloon catheter 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is a device that is inserted into a lumen of a living body such as a blood vessel and is pressed to a stenosed lesion area, and expands the lesion area by a balloon 30 capable of inflating.
Firstly, a structure of the balloon catheter 10 will be described. The balloon catheter 10 includes, as illustrated in
The catheter main body 20 is provided with an outer tube 21 that is a tubular body having a distal side end portion and a proximal side end portion. Both the distal side end portion and the proximal end side portion of the outer tube 21 are open. The catheter main body 20 also includes an inner tube 22 (shaft) that is a tubular body to be disposed in an inside of the outer tube 21. The inner tube 22 is contained in the hollow inside of the outer tube 21, and the catheter main body 20 has a double tube structure in the distal portion. The inner tube 22 includes a hollow inside, which is a guide wire lumen 24 through which a guide wire can be inserted. Moreover, an inflation lumen 23 in which an inflation fluid of the balloon 30 is circulated is formed in the hollow inside of the outer tube 21 and on an outer side of the inner tube 22. The inner tube 22 is opened to the outside in an opening portion 25 that penetrates a wall surface of the outer tube 21 in a side direction. The inner tube 22 protrudes further to the distal side than a distal end of the outer tube 21 (i.e., a distal end of the inner tube 22 is distal to the distal end of the outer tube 21).
The balloon 30 has a proximal side end portion that is fixed to a distal portion of the outer tube 21, and a distal side end portion that is fixed to a distal portion of the inner tube 22. Accordingly, the inside of the balloon 30 communicates with the inflation lumen 23. The inflation fluid is injected to the balloon 30 through the inflation lumen 23, whereby the balloon 30 can be caused to inflate. The inflation fluid may be gas or a liquid, and for example, the gas can be a helium gas, a CO2 gas, or an O2 gas, and the liquid can be saline (i.e., a saline solution) or a contrast agent.
In a center portion in a longitudinal direction of the balloon 30, a cylindrical straight portion 34 having an equal outer diameter when the balloon is caused to inflate is formed, and tapered portions 33 having an outer diameter that gradually changes are formed on both sides in a longitudinal direction of the straight portion 34. Further, an entire outer surface of the straight portion 34 is coated with the drug-coated layer 40 including the drug. Note that, a range in which the drug-coated layer 40 is formed in the balloon 30 is not limited only to the straight portion 34, but may include at least a part of the tapered portions 33, in addition to the straight portion 34, or may include only a part of the straight portion 34.
In the hub 26, a proximal opening portion 27 serving as a port that communicates with the inflation lumen 23 of the outer tube 21 and causes the inflation fluid to flow in and out is formed.
The length in the longitudinal direction of the balloon 30 is not specially limited, and can be, for example, preferably 5 mm to 500 mm, more preferably 10 mm to 300 mm, and further more preferably 20 mm to 200 mm.
The outer diameter of the balloon 30 when inflating is not specially limited, and can be, for example, preferably 1 mm to 10 mm, and more preferably 2 mm to 8 mm.
The material of the balloon main body 31 preferably has flexibility to some extent, and hardness to some extent such that the balloon main body 31 is caused to inflate when reaching a blood vessel, a tissue, or the like, and the drug can be released from the drug-coated layer 40 on the surface of the balloon main body 31. Specifically, the material of the balloon main body 31 can include resin and metal, and at least the outer surface of the balloon main body 31 on which the drug-coated layer 40 is provided preferably includes resin. As for the material for at least the outer surface of the balloon main body 31, for example, a polyolefin such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, an ethylene-propylene copolymer, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, an ionomer, or a mixture of two or more of the polyolefins, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and/or the ionomer, soft polyvinyl chloride resin, thermoplastic resin such as polyamide, a polyamide elastomer, a nylon elastomer, polyester, a polyester elastomer, polyurethane, and fluorine resin, silicone rubber, latex rubber, and the like can be used. Among the materials for at least the outer surface of the balloon main body 31, polyamides can be preferred.
The drug-coated layer 40 contains a drug. The drug-coated layer 40 may contain an additive agent (excipient). The drug of the drug-coated layer 40 may be a crystalline type, an amorphous type, or a mixture of the crystalline type and the amorphous type. In a case where the drug is a crystalline type, for example, homogeneous (white) crystals are formed on the entire circumference of the balloon 30 (substantially contain no amorphousness).
The drug may be a water-soluble drug, but is preferably a water-insoluble drug. The water-insoluble drug indicates a drug that is insoluble or poorly-soluble in water, and specifically, the solubility in water is less than 1 mg/mL at pH 5 to pH 8. The solubility may be less than 0.1 mg/m L. The water-insoluble drug can include a fat-soluble drug.
Examples of some preferred water-insoluble drugs include immunosuppressive agents, such as cyclosporins including cyclosporine, immunoactive agents such as rapamycin, anticancer agents such as paclitaxel, antiviral agents or antimicrobial agents, antineoplastic agents, analgesic agents and anti-inflammatory agents, antibiotics, antiepileptics, anxiolytics, anticonvulsant agents, antagonists, neuron blocking agents, anticholinergics and cholinergic agents, antimuscarinic and muscarinic agents, antiadrenergic agents, antiadrenergic agents, antiarrhythmic agents, antihypertensive agents, hormonal agents, and nutritional agents.
The water-insoluble drug is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of rapamycin, paclitaxel, docetaxel, and everolimus. In the present specification, rapamycin, paclitaxel, docetaxel, and everolimus each include analogs and/or derivatives of rapamycin, paclitaxel, docetaxel, and everolimus as long as they have similar medicinal properties. For example, paclitaxel and docetaxel are in an analog relationship. Rapamycin and everolimus are in a derivative relationship. Among the water-insoluble drugs, paclitaxel is preferable.
The additive agent is not specially limited, and can include, for example, a water-soluble low molecular weight compound. The molecule amount of the water-soluble low molecular weight compound can be, for example, 50 to 2000, preferably 50 to 1000, more preferably 50 to 500, and further more preferably 50 to 200. The water-soluble low molecular weight compound can be, for example, relative to 100 parts by mass of the water-insoluble drug, preferably 10 parts by mass to 5000 parts by mass, more preferably 50 parts by mass to 3000 parts by mass, and further more preferably 100 parts by mass to 1000 parts by mass. The material for the water-soluble low molecular weight compound can be, for example, serine ethyl ester, saccharide such as glucose, sugar alcohol such as sorbitol, a citric acid ester, polysorbate, polyethylene glycol, urea, a water-soluble polymer, a contrast agent, an amino acid ester, a glycerol ester of a short chain monocarboxylic acid, a salt and a surface-active agent allowable as a pharmaceutical preparation, and the like, a mixture of two or more of the materials for the water-soluble low molecular weight compound.
A method in which the balloon main body 31 is coated with the drug-coated layer 40 is not specially limited. For example, the balloon main body 31 may be caused to move in the longitudinal direction while being caused to rotate about a longitudinal axis of the balloon, and a coating liquid including, for example, a drug, an additive agent, and a solvent may be applied to the surface of the balloon so as to draw a spiral on an outer surface of the balloon 30. Evaporation of a solvent in the coating liquid applied on the surface of the balloon forms the drug-coated layer 40. Alternatively, the drug-coated layer 40 may be formed by dipping the balloon main body 31 into the coating liquid, or spraying the coating liquid on the outer surface of balloon main body 31.
The protective tube 15 is a member that covers and protects the balloon 30, and suppresses separation of the drug from the balloon 30. The protective tube 15 is removed before the balloon catheter 10 is used. The protective tube 15 can include a flexible material, and for example, a polyolefin such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, an ethylene-propylene copolymer, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, an ionomer, or a mixture of two or more of the flexible materials of the protective tube 15, soft polyvinyl chloride resin, thermoplastic resin such as polyamide, a polyamide elastomer, polyester, a polyester elastomer, polyurethane, and fluorine resin, silicone rubber, latex rubber, and the like can be used.
In the balloon 30, as illustrated in
The balloon 30 includes the plurality of wing portions 32, and a plurality of base portions 35 each positioned between the adjacent wing portions 32. Each of the base portions 35 contacts an outer peripheral surface of the inner tube 22. The wing portions 32 and the base portions 35 are alternately arranged along a circumferential direction of the inner tube 22. The wing portions 32 are pleated by folds extending in a substantial longitudinal direction of the balloon 30. The length in the longitudinal direction of the wing portions 32 does not exceed the length of the balloon 30. The length in a direction in which the wing portions 32 protrude radially outward from the catheter main body 20 is not specially limited, and can be, for example, approximately 1 mm to 8 mm. The number of the wing portions 32 is not specially limited, and can be, for example, about 2 wing sheets to 7 wing sheets. When the balloon 30 inflates, the base portions 35 separate from the inner tube 22, and inner surfaces of the balloon 30 that are in contact with or facing each other in the wing portions 32 separate from each other, so that the balloon 30 can become an approximate cylindrical shape (see
The wing portions 32 each include a wing distal end portion 51 that is positioned on a protruding side, a wing proximal end portion 53 that is near the inner tube 22, and a wing middle portion 52 that is positioned between the wing distal end portion 51 and the wing proximal end portion 53.
Each of the wing distal end portions 51 includes a wing distal end outer portion 51A that is directed to the side of the protective tube 15, and a wing distal end inner portion 51B that is directed to a side of the inner tube 22. In an inner side of the wing distal end portion 51, a distal end space portion 51C is defined by the inner surfaces of the balloon 30. At least a part of the wing distal end outer portion 51A contacts an inner peripheral surface of the protective tube 15. All (six in the present embodiment) of the wing distal end outer portions 51A preferably contact the inner peripheral surface of the protective tube 15, but the embodiment is not limited to each of the wing distal end outer portions 51A being, for example, in contact the inner peripheral surface of the protective tube 15. The wing distal end inner portion 51B includes a first contact portion 54 that contacts a second contact portion 55 of adjacent another wing portion 32. The second contact portion 55 is formed on at least one of the wing middle portion 52, the wing proximal end portion 53, and the base portion 35, of the adjacent another wing portions 32.
Each of the wing middle portions 52 includes a wing middle outer portion 52A that is directed to the side of the protective tube 15, and a wing middle inner portion 52B that is directed to the side of the inner tube 22. The inner surfaces of the balloon 30 contact each other to pleat the wing middle portion 52 to be relatively thin. The inner surfaces of the balloon 30 contact each other along at least one arc to pleat the wing middle portion 52. The number of arcs is not specially limited, and for example, the number of arcs can be one, two, three or more, or the like. The orientation of the adjacent arcs may be the reverse direction or may be the same direction. In the wing middle portion 52, the inner surfaces of the balloon 30 may be separated from each other with a minute range (i.e., relatively small distance) between the inner surfaces of the balloon 30. At least one among the wing middle outer portions 52A contacts the inner peripheral surface of the protective tube 15, but does not need to contact the inner peripheral surface of the protective tube 15. The wing middle outer portion 52A contacts the wing distal end portion 51 of the adjacent another wing portion 32, but does not need to contact the wing distal end portion 51 of the adjacent another wing portion 32. The wing middle inner portion 52B is separated from the adjacent another wing portion 32 and the base portion 35. Note that, a minute range of the wing middle inner portion 52B may contact the adjacent another wing portion 32 or the base portion 35.
The wing proximal end portion 53, which is pleated such that the inner surfaces of the balloon 30 are separated from each other, is positioned between the base portion 35 and the wing middle portion 52. In an inside of the wing proximal end portion 53, a proximal end space portion 53C is defined by the inner surfaces of the balloon 30 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner tube 22.
In a cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the inner tube 22, outer surfaces of the balloon 30 extending along the circumferential direction of the balloon 30 between the first contact portion 54 and the second contact portion 55, which contact each other, are disposed so as to surround one internal region 56. The outer surfaces of the balloon 30 that surround the internal region 56 are separated from each other without contacting each other. In the cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the inner tube 22, the area in at least one internal region 56 is larger than the area in the distal end space portion 51C. The area in the internal region 56, for example, preferably exceeds 1 time of the area in the distal end space portion 51C, is more preferably 1.2 times or more, and is further more preferably 1.5 times or more. The number of the internal regions 56 each having an area larger than by such the ratio the area in the distal end space portion 51C, for example, is preferably one half or more of a total number N (six in the present embodiment) of the internal regions 56, more preferably 70% or more of N, and further more preferably N (i.e., the number of internal regions 56 having an area larger than by such the ratio the area in the distal end space portion is preferably equal to the total number N of the internal regions 56). As the internal region 56 is widened, the outer surface of the balloon 30 that is positioned in the internal region 56 and thus suppressed from contacting the other sites increases more, which can help suppress the separation of the drug caused by the wing portions 32 contacting other sites of the balloon 30. Moreover, the first contact portion 54 and the second contact portion 55 contacting each other, so that blood is difficult to flow into the internal regions 56 of the balloon 30 inserted into a blood vessel. Therefore, the drug to be provided to the outer surface of the balloon 30 is difficult to (i.e., does not come into) contact the blood, and the drug can be effectively transported to a target place.
In the cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the inner tube 22, a length in which the outer surface of the balloon 30 and the inner peripheral surface of the protective tube 15 contacting each other is not specially limited, and is preferably 50% (i.e. one half) or more of a circumferential length in the inner peripheral surface of the protective tube 15, more preferably 60% or more, further more preferably 70% or more, and further more preferably 80% or more.
Accordingly, the balloon 30 can be excellently supported by the protective tube, and difficult to move in the inside of the protective tube 15. Therefore, the separation of the drug from the outer surface of the balloon 30 due to the friction caused by the balloon 30 moving in the inside of the protective tube 15 can be suppressed.
At least one among the wing middle outer portions 52A contacts the inner peripheral of the protective tube 15, but does not need to contact the inner peripheral of the protective tube 15. The number of the wing middle outer portions 52A contacting the inner peripheral surface of the protective tube 15 is at least one, more preferably, one half or more of a total number M (six in the present embodiment) of the wing middle outer portions 52A, further more preferably 70% or more of M, and further more preferably M (i.e., equal to the total number of the wing middle outer portions 52A). When the wing middle outer portion 52A contacts the inner peripheral surface of the protective tube 15, the internal region 56 that is formed in an inner side of the wing middle portion 52 is widened, and the outer surface of the balloon 30 that is positioned in the internal region 56 and suppressed from contacting the other sites is increased, which can help suppress the separation of the drug caused by the wing portions 32 contacting other sites of the balloon 30.
Next, a balloon folding device 100 will be described. The balloon folding device 100 is a device that can fold the balloon 30 so as to be wound around the inner tube 22.
The balloon folding device 100 includes, as illustrated in
The pleating section 120 can pleat the wing portions 32 that protrude in the radial direction of the balloon 30, as illustrated in
A film supply section 150 that supplies a first film 155 and a second film 156 to the pleating section 120 is disposed adjacent to the pleating section 120, on the base 110. Moreover, a film supply section 180 that supplies a first film 181 and a second film 182 to the folding section 130 is disposed adjacent to the folding section 130, on the base 110.
The pleating section 120 includes a front surface plate 121 perpendicular to the base 110, and the front surface plate 121 includes an insertion hole 121a through which a distal portion of the balloon catheter 10 can be inserted. Moreover, the folding section 130 includes a front surface plate 131 perpendicular to the base 110, the front surface plate 131 includes an insertion hole 131a through which the distal portion of the balloon catheter 10 can be inserted. The front surface plate 131 of the folding section 130 faces toward a direction different from a direction toward which the front surface plate 121 of the pleating section 120 faces.
The support mount 140 is rotatable so as to face toward both of a position facing the pleating section 120 and a position facing the folding section 130. The support mount 140 includes a base portion 141 that can be rotatably mounted on the base 110, and a holding stand 142 that is horizontally movable on the base portion 141. The holding stand 142 can hold the balloon catheter 10 on an upper surface of holding stand 142. The holding stand 142 moves by sliding on an upper surface of the base portion 141, and can move forward or backward toward the pleating section 120 or the folding section 130. The holding stand 142 holding the balloon catheter 10 moves forward or backward toward the pleating section 120, whereby the balloon 30 is inserted into or pulled out from the insertion hole 121a of the pleating section 120. Moreover, the holding stand 142 holding the balloon catheter 10 moves forward or backward toward the folding section 130, whereby the balloon 30 is inserted into or pulled out from the insertion hole 131a of the folding section 130.
Next, the structure of the pleating section 120 will be described in details. The pleating section 120 includes a plurality of first blade portions 122 in an inside of the pleating section 120, as illustrated in
The first blade portion 122 includes a first shape pleating portion 122b and a second shape pleating portion 122c, which are substantially arcuate, in an inner circumference end portion on the opposite side of the rotational-movement center portion 122a. The first shape pleating portions 122b contact the surface of the balloon 30 to be inserted into the pleating section 120 with the rotational-movement of the first blade portions 122 to allow the wing portions 32 protruding in the radial direction to be pleated on the balloon 30. The second shape pleating portion 122c can curve the wing portions 32 in a predetermined direction by contacting the wing portions to be pleated on the balloon 30 with the rotational-movement of the first blade portion 122. Moreover, the pleating section 120 can include a heater for heating the first blade portions 122. The pleating section 120 does not need to include the heater for heating the first blade portions 122. The length of the first blade portion 122 along the longitudinal direction of the balloon catheter 10 is longer than the length of the balloon 30. Moreover, the length of the first shape pleating portion 122b and the second shape pleating portion 122c of the first blade portion 122 may extend over or does not need to extend over a total length of the first blade portion 122.
The first film 155 and the second film 156, which can be made of resin, are supplied to the first blade portions 122 from the film supply section 150. A plurality of rotation axis portions 123 are provided in the pleating section 120 in order to guide the respective films. The first film 155 spreads on the surface of the first blade portion 122 disposed in an upper part, from a first film holding portion 151 via the rotation axis portion 123. Moreover, the first film 155 reaches from the first blade portion 122 through the rotation axis portion 123, to a film take-up portion 153 that is rotationally driven by a drive source such as a motor. The second film 156 spreads on the two first blade portions 122 disposed in a lower part from a second film holding portion 152 via the rotation axis portion 123. Moreover, the second film 156 reaches to the film take-up portion 153 through the rotation axis portion 123. With these configurations, a center position of the pleating section 120 through which the balloon 30 is inserted is in a state of being surrounded by the first film 155 and the second film 156. The films are respectively supplied from the first film holding portion 151 and the second film holding portion 152, and the two films are collected by being overlapped in the film take-up portion 153.
The first film 155 and the second film 156 protect the balloon 30 so as not to come into direct contact with the surfaces of the first blade portions 122 when the balloon 30 is inserted into the pleating section 120, and the first blade portions 122 rotate to pleat the wing portions 32 on the balloon 30. After the wing portions 32 of the balloon 30 have been pleated, the first film 155 and the second film 156 are wound up on the film take-up portion 153 by a predetermined length. In other words, portions in the first film 155 and the second film 156 having contact the balloon 30 once do not contact the balloon 30 again, but new portions are supplied to the center position of the pleating section 120 every time the balloon 30 is inserted.
As illustrated in
Next, the structure of the folding section 130 will be described in details. In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, the folding section 130 can include ten second blade portions 132 in an inside of the folding section 130, as illustrated in
The second blade portion 132 is bent at a distal end side, and a distal end portion 132b has a pointed shape. The distal end portions 132b, which contact the surface of the balloon 30 to be inserted into the folding section 130 with the rotational-movement of the second blade portions 132, can fold the wing portions 32 pleated on the balloon 30 so as to be laid in the circumferential direction. Moreover, the folding section 130 can include a heater for heating the second blade portions 132. The folding section 130 does not need to include the heater for heating the second blade portions 132.
The first film 181 and the second film 182, which can be made of resin, are supplied to the second blade portions 132 from the film supply section 180. The supply structure of each film is similar to the case of the pleating section 120. The first film 181 and the second film 182 are disposed to face each other so as to sandwich the center space region surrounded by the second blade portions 132. The first film 181 and the second film 182 can prevent the balloon 30 inserted into the folding section 130 from coming into direct contact with the surfaces of the second blade portions 132. The first film 181 and the second film 182 reach through the second blade portions 132 to a film take-up portion 183 that is rotationally driven by a drive source such as a motor.
As illustrated in
Next, a method of folding and arranging the balloon 30 to the protective tube 15 using the balloon folding device 100 will be described.
Firstly, as illustrated in
Next, the holding stand 142 is moved by sliding on the base portion 141 to insert the balloon catheter 10 from the insertion hole 121a into the pleating section 120. The first blade portions 122 of the pleating section 120 may be heated or do not need to be heated. As illustrated in
Next, the pressure applying/reducing device 160 is adjusted to further rotate the rotation member 124 (see
At the process of pleating the wing portions 32, a surface of each first blade portion 122 to contact the balloon 30 is covered by the first film 155 and the second film 156. Therefore, the balloon 30 does not come into direct contact with the surfaces of the first blade portions 122. After the wing portions 32 have been pleated on the balloon 30, the first blade portions 122 are moved rotationally so as to return to the original positions. Thereafter, the balloon 30 is pulled out from the pleating section 120.
Next, as illustrated in
After the balloon 30 with the wing portions 32 pleated on the balloon 30 has been inserted into the folding section 130, as illustrated in
After the wing portions 32 of the balloon 30 have been folded, the second blade portions 132 are moved rotationally so as to return to the original positions. The wing portions 32 may be raised to some extent from the state in which the wing portions 32 are folded by being pressed by the second blade portions 132. Next, the balloon 30 is pulled out from the folding section 130. Next, the balloon catheter 10 is removed from the support mount 140, and the balloon 30 is inserted into the tubular protective tube 15, as illustrated in
Note that, the balloon 30 illustrated in
As in the foregoing, the balloon catheter 10 according to the present embodiment is the balloon catheter 10 including: the balloon 30 with an outer surface coated with a drug; and the protective tube 15 in which the balloon 30 in a state of being folded on an outer peripheral surface of the inner tube 22 (shaft) of the balloon catheter 10 is disposed to an inside of the protection tube 15, in which: the balloon 30 includes the plurality of wing portions 32 that are folded along a circumferential direction of the inner tube 22 while protruding radially outward of the balloon 30, and the plurality of base portions 35 that are in contact with the inner tube 22; the wing portions 32 each include the wing distal end portion 51 that is positioned on a protruding side, the wing proximal end portion 53 that is connected to the base portion 35, and the wing middle portion 52 that is positioned between the wing distal end portion 51 and the wing proximal end portion 53; the wing distal end portion 51 includes the wing distal end outer portion 51A that is directed to a side of the protective tube 15, and the wing distal end inner portion 51B that is directed to a side of the inner tube 22, and is pleated such that the inner surfaces of the balloon 30 are separated from each other; the inner surfaces of the balloon 30 contact each other to pleat the wing middle portion 52; the wing proximal end portion 53 is pleated such that the inner surfaces of the balloon 30 are separated from each other; the wing distal end outer portion 51A contacts the inner peripheral surface of the protective tube 15; the wing distal end inner portion 51B includes a first contact portion 54 that contacts a second contact portion 55 of adjacent another wing portions 32; and in a cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the inner tube 22, outer surfaces of the balloon 30 extending along a circumferential direction of the balloon 30 between the first contact portion 54 and the second contact portion 55, which contact each other, are disposed so as to surround one internal region 56.
In the balloon catheter 10 configured as the above, the outer surfaces of the balloon 30 between the first contact portion 54 that is positioned in the wing distal end inner portion 51B and the second contact portion 55 that contacts the first contact portion 54 surround one internal region 56, so that it is possible to suppress the drug on the outer surfaces of the balloon 30 that surround the internal region 56 from contacting other sites. Therefore, the separation of the drug from the outer surface of the balloon 30 can be suppressed. Moreover, the first contact portion 54 and the second contact portion 55 contact each other, so that the plurality of wing portions 32 are supported with one another, and are disposed in the inside of the protective tube 15 in a three-dimensional structure. Therefore, the balloon 30 is difficult to move in the inside of the protective tube 15, and the balloon can be excellently held inside the protective tube 15. Accordingly, the separation of the drug from the outer surface of the balloon 30 due to the friction caused by the balloon 30 moving in the inside of the protective tube 15 can be suppressed. Moreover, the outer surfaces of the balloon 30 are difficult to contact each other, for example, in a case where the drug is a crystal type, it is possible to suppress the crystals from crushing. Moreover, in a case where the drug is an amorphous type, it is possible to suppress the drugs from sticking to each other. Moreover, the first contact portion 54 and the second contact portion 55 contact each other, so that blood or the like can be prevented from flowing into the internal region 56. Therefore, the drug to be provided to the outer surface of the balloon 30 is difficult to contact the blood, and the drug can be effectively transported to a target place. In particular, in a case where the drug is an amorphous type, the drug becomes soluble in the blood and the like, so that it is especially effective that the drug is difficult to contact the blood. Moreover, the wing portions 32 are loosely wound, so that compared with a case where the wing portions 32 are tightly (with no gap) wound, a protection space is formed between the adjacent wing portions 32, and the drug can be excellently protected.
Moreover, in the wing distal end portion 51, the distal end space portion 51C surrounded by the inner surfaces of the balloon 30 is formed in the inside of wing distal end portion 51, and in the cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the inner tube 22, the area in at least one of the internal regions 56 may be larger than the area in the distal end space portion 51C of the wing distal end portion 51 in which the first contact portion 54 defining the internal region 56 is positioned. As the internal region 56 is widened, the outer surface of the balloon 30 that is positioned in the internal region 56 and thus suppressed from contacting the other sites increases, which can help suppress the separation of the drug caused by the wing portions 32 contacting other sites of the balloon 30.
Moreover, in the cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the inner tube 22, the length in which the outer surface of the balloon 30 and the inner peripheral surface of the protective tube 15 contact each other may be one half or more of the circumferential length in the inner peripheral surface of the protective tube 15. Accordingly, the balloon 30 is supported by the protective tube 15, and it is difficult to move the balloon 30 in the inside of the protective tube 15. Therefore, the separation of the drug from the outer surface of the balloon 30 due to the friction caused by the balloon 30 moving in the inside of the protective tube 15 can be suppressed.
Moreover, at least one of the wing middle portions 52 may contact the inner peripheral surface of the protective tube 15. Accordingly, the internal region 56 that is formed in the inner side of the wing middle portion 52 is widened, and the outer surface of the balloon 30 that is positioned in the internal region and suppressed from contacting the other sites is increased, which can help suppress the separation of the drug caused by the wing portions 32 contacting other sites of the balloon 30.
Moreover, the present disclosure can also provide a method of arranging the balloon 30 of the balloon catheter 10 in which the balloon 30 with an outer surface coated with a drug is disposed on an outer peripheral surface of the inner tube 22 so as to be inflatable, to an inside of the protective tube 15. The balloon arranging method includes: pleating the plurality of wing portions 32 that protrude radially outward and the plurality of base portion 35 that are respectively positioned between the wing portions 32, on the balloon 30; folding the wing portions 32 along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 22; and inserting the protective tube 15 into the balloon 30, in which: at the step of pleating the wing portions 32, the wing distal end portion 51 that is positioned on a protruding side, the wing proximal end portion 53 that is connected to the base portion 35, and the wing middle portion 52 that is positioned between the wing distal end portion 51 and the wing proximal end portion 53, are pleated in each of the wing portions 32; at the step of inserting the balloon 30 into the protective tube 15, the wing distal end outer portion 51A that is directed to a side of the protective tube 15, and the wing distal end inner portion 51B that is directed to a side of the inner tube 22, are pleated in the wing distal end portion 51, and inner surfaces of the balloon 30 that are positioned in the wing distal end portion 51 are disposed by being separated from each other; the inner surfaces of the balloon 30 that are positioned in the wing middle portion 52 are disposed by contacting each other; inner surfaces of the balloon 30 that are positioned in the wing proximal end portion 53 are disposed by being separated from each other; the wing distal end outer portion 51A is brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the protective tube 15; the first contact portion 54 that contact the second contact portion 55 of adjacent another wing portion 32 is provided to the wing distal end inner portion 51B; and in the cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the inner tube 22, outer surfaces of the balloon 30 extending along a circumferential direction of the balloon 30 between the first contact portion 54 and the second contact portion 55 are disposed so as to surround one internal region 56 by separating the outer surfaces from each other.
In the balloon arranging method configured as the above, the outer surfaces of the balloon 30 between the first contact portion 54 that is positioned in the wing distal end inner portion 51B and the second contact portion 55 that contacts the first contact portion 54 surround one internal region 56, so that it is possible to suppress the drug on the outer surfaces of the balloon 30 that surround the internal region 56 from contacting other sites. Therefore, the separation of the drug from the outer surface of the balloon 30 is suppressed. Moreover, the first contact portion 54 and the second contact portion 55 contact each other, so that the plurality of wing portions 32 are supported with one another, and are disposed in the inside of the protective tube 15 in a three-dimensional structure. Therefore, the balloon 30 is difficult to move in the inside of the protective tube 15, and the balloon 30 can be held inside the protective tube 15. Accordingly, the separation of the drug from the outer surface of the balloon 30 due to the friction caused by the balloon 30 moving in the inside of the protective tube 15 can be suppressed. Moreover, when the wing portions 32 are folded, the outer surfaces of the balloon 30 are difficult to contact each other, so that for example, in a case where the drug is a crystal type, it is possible to suppress the crystals from crushing. Moreover, in a case where the drug is an amorphous type, it is possible to suppress the drugs from sticking to each other.
Moreover, in the balloon arranging method, at the step of pleating the wing portions 32 and the base portions 35, the flexible films 155 and 156 may be interposed between the plurality of first blade portions 122 that are arranged so as to surround the balloon 30 in order to fold the wing portions 32, and the balloon 30, and at the step of bending the wing portions 32, the flexible films 181 and 182 may be interposed between the plurality of second blade portions 132 that are arranged so as to surround the balloon 30 in order to fold the wing portions 32, and the balloon 30. Accordingly, when the wing portions 32 and the base portions 35 are pleated on the balloon 30, and when the wing portions 32 are folded, it is possible to protect the surface of the balloon 30 by the films, and suppress the separation of the drug from the balloon 30. The forms of the films are not limited to the forms described above.
The present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but various changes by those skilled in the art can be made within the technical scope of the present disclosure. For example, the balloon catheter 10 according to the above-mentioned embodiment is a rapid exchange type, but may be an over-the-wire type.
Moreover, as a modification example illustrated in
Moreover, the balloon 30 does not need to include the drug-coated layer 40. In the balloon catheter 10 according to the present embodiment, even when the drug-coated layer 40 is not included (i.e., the balloon with no-drug coating), the occurrence of the back fold can be suppressed, and the folded balloon 30 inflates rather easily.
Moreover, the pleating section and the folding section may be provided to different devices.
The detailed description above describes embodiments of a balloon catheter and a balloon arrangement method. The invention is not limited, however, to the precise embodiments and variations described. Various changes, modifications and equivalents may occur to one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims. It is expressly intended that all such changes, modifications and equivalents which fall within the scope of the claims are embraced by the claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019-055363 | Mar 2019 | JP | national |
This application is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/JP2020/012227 filed on Mar. 19, 2020, which claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-055363 filed on Mar. 22, 2019, the entire content both of which is incorporated herein by reference.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/JP2020/012227 | Mar 2020 | US |
| Child | 17480277 | US |
