Patent Grant
9089860
Embodiments of the invention herein reside in the art of liquid dispensing mechanisms and, more particularly, to those mechanisms that are particularly adapted for dispensing a liquid in the form of a foam. Specifically, the embodiments relate to the foam pump generators for such dispensers, and particularly one that is bifurcated or separable between the liquid pump portion and the air pump portion. Specifically, the embodiments relate to foam pumps that allow the liquid pump portion to be fixed to and a part of the disposable refill cartridge containing the liquid, and in which the air pump or compressor portion is a non-disposable portion secured to the dispenser housing.
For many years, it has been known to dispense liquids such as soaps, sanitizers, cleansers, disinfectants, and the like from a dispenser housing maintaining a removable and replaceable cartridge containing the liquid. The pump mechanism employed with such dispensers has typically been a liquid pump, simply emitting a predetermined quantity of the liquid upon movement of an actuator. Recently, for purposes of effectiveness and economy, it has become desirable to dispense the liquids in the form of foam, generated by the interjection of air into the liquid, generating the formation of bubbles thereby. Accordingly, the standard liquid pump has given way to a foam generating pump, which necessarily requires means for combining the air and liquid in such a manner as to generate the desired foam. However, foam generating pumps are more expensive than liquid dispensing pumps, necessarily increasing the cost of disposable cartridges that include the pump with each cartridge.
Typically, foam pumps include an air compressor portion and a fluid passing portion—the two requiring communication to ultimately create the foam. The portion required for compressing the air is not given to wear and degradation to the extent of the portion required for passing the liquid and generating the foam from the combination of liquid and air. Accordingly, it has been determined that there is no necessity for replacing the air compressor, but only the liquid pumping and foam generating portion of the pump when replacement of the cartridge is necessary. Accordingly, a bifurcation of the pump has been determined to be possible and desirable.
Embodiments of foam dispensers including a housing, an air compressor connected to the housing and an actuator for actuating the air compressor are disclosed herein. The air compressor releasably mates with a refill unit. The dispenser has an “empty state” and a “refilled state.” The empty state occurs when there is not a refill unit positioned in the dispenser, and the refilled state occurs when the refill unit is positioned in the dispenser. The air compressor remains connected to the housing during the refilled state and remains connected to the housing during the empty state. In addition, embodiments of refill units for the foam dispenser are also disclosed herein. One refill unit for a foam pump dispenser includes a container for containing a foamable liquid and liquid pump housing connected to the container. The liquid pump housing includes: a liquid reservoir; an inlet valve; an outlet valve; an air inlet opening through the liquid pump housing; a foaming screen; and a foam dispensing nozzle secured to the liquid pump housing. The liquid pump housing is configured to releasably mate with an air compressor that is not part of the refill unit but is secured to a foam pump dispenser housing, and the refill unit is configured to be removed from the foam dispenser without removing the air compressor from the foam dispenser. The air inlet passage is in fluid communication with the atmosphere prior to being installed in a foam dispenser and the air inlet passage is in fluid communication with an air compressor when the refill unit is placed in the foam dispenser.
For a complete understanding of the aspects, structures and techniques of the invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings wherein:
Referring now to the drawings and more particularly
A liquid pump 16 is connected to and provided as a portion of the disposable refill cartridge or bottle 14. In contradistinction, an air compressor unit 18 is provided as part and parcel of the dispenser housing 12. In one embodiment of the invention, the air compressor 18 includes a dispensing nozzle 20, through which the generated foam is dispensed onto the hand of the user, utensil or otherwise. However, preferably, any portion that contacts liquid or foam is part and parcel of the disposable refill unit or cartridge.
A suitable actuator 22 is operatively connected to the air compressor 18 to achieve actuation of the foam generator comprising the combination of the liquid pump 16 and air compressor 18. Those skilled in the art will understand that foam is typically generated from a combination of air and liquid, with the two being forced together, agitated, stirred, forcefully blended or the like. The actuator 22 may be either manually actuated as in the case of a lever, push bar or the like, or it may be electronically or optically actuated as in the implementation of touch free dispensers.
It will be appreciated that a concept of the invention, and as particularly presented below, is the implementation and utilization of a bifurcated foam pump assembly, in which the liquid pump portion is attached to and made a portion of the disposable and replaceable cartridge 14 containing the liquid ingredient of the foam solution, while the air compressor 18 and associated nozzle 20 are not disposable, but remain a portion of the dispenser housing 12. However, many concepts of the invention have the nozzle 20 connected to the disposable refill bottle or cartridge 14.
With reference now to
An air piston 36 is received by the outer ring 26 and is reciprocatingly movable within the cavity 32 to effect operation of the air compressor. The air piston 36 includes a top annular disk 38 having a circumferential seal 40 extending thereabout. The seal 40 engages the inner wall surface of the outer ring 26, as shown. A one-way check valve or button valve 42 is provided within an aperture of the top annular disk 38 to allow air to enter the cavity or air chamber 32 during operation, as will become apparent below.
It will be appreciated that a spring (not shown) may be maintained within the cavity 32 and interposed between the top annular disk 38 and the annular collar 24 to bias the two away from each other toward a position maximizing the volume of the cavity of the air chamber 32. Embodiments of the invention contemplate either an interior spring, exterior spring or other type of biasing structure, readily perceivable by those skilled in the art, for implementation with the invention.
The annular collar 24 is received by a mounting ring 44 which is part and parcel of the dispenser housing 12. Similarly, the mounting ring 44 provides a stop for the top annular disk 38 during operation. As presented above, the air compressor and nozzle 18, 20 are contemplated to be a fixed permanent portion of the dispenser housing and, to the extent there received and maintained by the mounting ring 44, and comprise a portion of the dispenser housing. However, nozzle 20 may be part of the disposable refill unit.
Embodiments of the present invention contemplate that the liquid pump may be a conventional stem-type pump, frequently used in the dispensing of various fluids. The liquid pump 16 includes a reservoir collar 46 received by the annular collar 24 and connected to the disposable and replaceable cartridge 14 and forming therewith liquid reservoir 66. The reservoir collar 46 receives a hollow valve stem 48 that extends from the reservoir collar 46 downwardly to the nozzle 20, when the pump 16 is placed into the air compressor 18. As with conventional liquid pumps, a one-way inlet valve may be included to allow liquid to enter valve stem 48. A sealing flange 50 extends radially outwardly from the hollow valve stem 48 and makes sealing engagement with the inner surface of the second wall 30, as shown. As illustrated, the interior of the second wall 30 defines an extension of the liquid reservoir cavity defined by the reservoir collar 46. The sealing flange 50 moves axially within the liquid reservoir cavity with the valve stem 48 to reduce the volume of the cavity, thus forcing liquid within the cavity through the hollow valve stem in a customary manner.
The hollow valve stem 48 includes a check valve 52 in an aperture passing therethrough. Further, the valve stem 48 includes an inner extending annular ring forming a valve seat 54, as shown. A ball valve 56 is in operative engagement with the valve seat 54 and biased there-against by means of a sponge, screen, mesh or the like 58. The element 58 serves to assist in the generation of foam by receiving and passing liquid and air therethrough. In any event, it is preferred that the element 58 be resilient, serving as both a foam generating member and a valve biasing member, urging the ball valve 56 into sealing engagement with the valve seat 54. As can be seen with respect to
A final screen 60 extends across an outlet aperture 62 at the end of the hollow valve stem 48, as shown. An outlet passage 64 extends axially from the nozzle 20. As illustrated, an air aperture 68 passes through the second wall 30 of the inner ring defining the air chamber 32.
It will be appreciated that the liquid pump 16, comprising primarily the elements 46-66 just described, is part and parcel of the disposable cartridge 14, filled with appropriate liquid or the like. The liquid pump assembly 16 is inserted into and received by the air compressor 18, which is a fixed portion of the dispenser housing 12. Of course, appropriate seals are provided on the pump 16 and/or compressor 18 to effect this mating engagement.
In operation, the air chamber or cavity 32 is filled with air and the hollow stem valve 48 and associated liquid reservoir 66, in communication with the interior of the cartridge 14, is filled with appropriate liquid. When the actuator 22 is engaged, the air piston 36 is driven upwardly into the air chamber 32, compressing the air therein and urging it through the aperture 68 and into the area surrounding the valve stem 48 as it moves upwardly within the sealing ring 34. With this upward movement, the liquid within the container 14 and reservoir 66 is driven through the hollow stem valve 48 downwardly against the ball valve 56, unseating it from the seat 54. The check valve 52 prevents the liquid from otherwise escaping from the hollow stem 48.
When the check valve 52 travels beyond the seal ring 34, the compressed air from the air chamber 32 passes through the check valve 52 and into the hollow valve stem 48, further driving the ball valve 56 from the seat 54 and into the sponge, screen, mesh or the like 58. Accordingly, with continued movement of the piston 36, liquid and air are driven past the ball valve 56 and through the element 58 by which the air and liquid are sufficiently mixed to form a foam that is extruded through the screen 62 and out the passage 64 of the nozzle 20.
At the end of the dispensing stroke, as determined by the actuator 22 or otherwise, an appropriate biasing member urges return of the air piston 36. Upon such urging, the one-way check valve or button valve 42 opens, allowing air to return into the air chamber 32. Similarly, the element 58 urges the ball valve 56 into engagement with the valve seat 54 to preclude any further passage of liquid to the element 58. With the hollow valve stem 48 urged by a spring or other biasing member toward the air piston 36, the hollow valve stem 48 is repositioned for the next dispensing cycle.
Thus, it can be appreciated that the aspects of the invention have been achieved by the structure presented above. The fluid pump of the invention can be a commonly available fluid pump requiring minimal if any modification. The fluid pump is fixedly attached to and remains a portion of the disposable liquid cartridge 14. Since the liquid pump is primarily in gravity-effected nesting engagement with the air compressor 18, removal and replacement of the cartridge 14 is easily achieved. Moreover, the liquid pump can be manufactured of inexpensive materials, with the only requirement that it perform satisfactorily for the number of dispensing cycles required to deplete the cartridge 14. On the other hand, the air compressor portion of the invention is an integral and permanent portion of the dispenser housing, and is capable of repeated use through numerous refills and replacements of the cartridge 14.
Referring now to
A liquid pump 116 is connected to and provided as a portion of the disposable refill cartridge or bottle 114. In contradistinction, an air compressor unit 118 is provided as part and parcel of the dispenser housing 112. Alternatively, the air compressor 118 or the liquid pump 116 may include a dispensing nozzle 120, through which the generated foam is dispensed onto the hand of the user, utensil or otherwise.
A suitable actuator 122 is operatively connected to the air compressor 118 to achieve actuation of the foam generator comprising the combination of the liquid pump 116 and air compressor 118. Those skilled in the art will understand that foam is typically generated from a combination of air and liquid, with the two being forced together, agitated, stirred, forcefully blended or the like. The actuator 122 may be either manually actuated as in the case of a lever, push bar or the like, or it may be electronically or optically actuated as in the implementation of touch free dispensers.
It will be appreciated that a concept of the invention, as particularly presented below, is the implementation and utilization of a bifurcated foam pump assembly, in which the liquid pump portion is attached to and made a portion of the disposable and replaceable cartridge 114, containing the liquid ingredient of the foam solution, while the air compressor 118 and associated nozzle 120 are not disposable, but remain a portion of the dispenser housing 112.
Referring now to
A one-way inlet valve 144 is provided in a base portion of the piston 134, to allow air to reenter the air chamber or cavity 132 during operation, as will become apparent herein. It will also be noted that an outlet aperture 146 is provided in the wall 130 of the annular collar 124, to allow communication between the air chamber or cavity 132 and the liquid pump assembly, as will be discussed below.
With continued reference to
An intermediate cap 156 is attached to and closes an end of the collar 150 to define a liquid dispensing cavity 158 therebetween. A ball valve 160 is received within the cavity 158 and is adapted to sealingly nest with the valve seat 154 during operation. Ball valves 160, 174 may be hollow to increase buoyancy and further urge ball valves 160, 174 against seats 154, 164. A second valve seat 162, again of a truncated conical nature, is formed as part and parcel of the intermediate cap 156, as shown, and operates as the seat for an outlet valve, as will become apparent below.
An annular recess or cavity 164 is provided about the interior wall surface of the cap 156 to provide a ring-like passage between an aperture 166 provided through the wall of the cap 156 and the aperture 168 provided through the wall of the collar 150. Accordingly, there is a passage for communication between the air chamber cavity 132 and the liquid chamber cavity 158 through the apertures 146, 166 and 168, by means of the annular recess or passage 164. As can be seen with respect to
A nozzle 120 is received by and closes the end of the intermediate cap 156, as shown in
It will be appreciated that the elements comprising the liquid pump 116 are attached to and are a part of the refill cartridge 114 and are received by the annular collar 124 and the remainder of the air chamber or compressor 118 when replacement of the refill cartridge 114 is effected. To that end, appropriate O-ring seals 180 are received within the first and second walls 128, 130 of the inner ring of the collar 124. This allows for and ensures that the passage of liquid from the container 114 only occurs after it is converted to foam for dispensing through the outlet 178 of the nozzle 122.
In operation, the liquid of the cartridge 114 that is required for generating the desired foam passes from the container 114 through the cavity 152 of the collar 150 and, by gravity, passes the seat and ball valve arrangement 154, 160 and flows into the liquid cavity 158 to await a dispensing operation. The seat and ball valve 162, 174 is closed at this time due to the biasing nature of the element 172. When a dispensing operation is initiated as by the actuator 122, the piston 134 moves from engagement between the stops 140, 142 and begins to compress air within the air chamber or cavity 132, forcefully passing that air through the apertures 146, 166, annular recess or passage 164, and through the aperture 168 and into the liquid chamber 158. This compressed air forces the ball valve 160 into sealing engagement with the valve seat 154 and urges the ball valve 174 to disengage from the seat 162 against the biasing of the screen, sponge or mesh 172. A mixture of air and liquid is then forced through the valve assembles 162, 174 and through the foam generating member 172 such that an appropriate foam is emitted through the outlet 178 and onto the hands of the user or a desired tool or implement. At the end of the dispensing cycle, appropriate springs or biasing devices in the actuator 122 cause the piston 134 to retract from the cavity 132 until contact is made between the stops 140, 142. During this activity, air is drawn through the one-way valve 144 into the expanding cavity 132 to await the next cycle of operation. Liquid is replenished from the container 114 through the valve assembly 154, 160 by gravity, until the cavity 158 is replenished. The bifurcated foam pump assembly comprising the liquid pump 116 and the air compressor 118 then awaits the next dispensing cycle.
Only the liquid portion of the foam generator is required for replacement upon depletion of the cartridge 114, rather than total replacement of the assembly as with prior art devices. Additionally, the bifurcated foam pump assembly is reliable and durable in use, the element 172 being of sufficient strength and durability to accommodate depletion of the cartridge 114 while generating a high quality foam.
Referring now
A liquid pump 216 is sealed to and provided as a portion of the disposable refill cartridge or bottle 214. In contradistinction, an air compressor unit 218 is provided as part and parcel of the dispenser housing 212. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the liquid pump 216 includes a dispensing nozzle 220, through which the generated foam is dispensed onto the hand of the user, utensil or otherwise.
A suitable actuator 222, an integral part of the housing 212, is operatively connected to the air compressor 218 to achieve actuation of the foam generator comprising the combination of the liquid pump 216 and air compressor 218. Those skilled in the art will understand that foam is typically generated from a combination of air and liquid, with the two being forced together, agitated, stirred, forcefully blended or the like. The actuator 222 may be either manually actuated as in the case of a lever, push bar or the like, or it may be electronically or optically actuated as in the implementation of touch free dispensers.
It will be appreciated that a concept of the invention, and as particularly presented below, is the implementation and utilization of a bifurcated foam pump assembly, in which the liquid pump portion is sealingly attached to and made a portion of the disposable and replaceable cartridge 214 containing the liquid ingredient of the foam solution, while the air compressor 218 and associated nozzle 220 are not disposable, but remain a portion of the dispenser housing 212.
Referring now to
With continued reference to
A second liquid reservoir 244 is defined by the lower pump housing 236 and includes a lower sleeve portion 246 that extends downwardly, ending at the nozzle 220. A cavity 248 is defined within the lower sleeve 246 and is adapted to receive a mesh, screen, sponge or the like 250 for purposes of generating foam from a combination of liquid and air imparted thereto. The sleeve 246 includes a collar 252 adapted for interengagement with the actuator 222. However, it will be appreciated that the actuator 222 may otherwise engage the pump, as will be readily understood by those skilled in the art.
A ring seal 254 extends about the lower end portion of the upper sleeve 240 of the upper pump housing 234, as illustrated. The ring seal 254 engages the inner wall of the lower pump housing 236 defining the second liquid reservoir 244.
A hollow stem 260 is received within and extends between the upper and lower pump housing sections 234, 236. A lower end of the hollow stem 260 is secured to the lower pump housing 236, as shown. The hollow stem 260 includes a central bore 262 that is closed at the top end thereof and that opens into the cavity 248 at the bottom thereof. Feeder passages 264 extend angularly upward to provide communication between the second liquid reservoir 244 and the central bore 262 of the hollow stem 260.
An upper ring seal 266 extends about the top end of the hollow stem 260, as shown. The upper ring seal 266 engages the inner wall surfaces of the first liquid reservoir 242 and serves as a wiper or seal between the hollow stem 260 and the walls of the cavity 242. A guide collar 268 extends circumferentially around the hollow stem 260 slightly below the upper ring seal 266 to ensure axial alignment within the reservoir 242.
A lower ring seal 270 extends about the hollow stem 260 and within the upper sleeve portion 240, making wiping sealing contacting engagement with the inner wall thereof. As shown in
As best seen in
It will be appreciated that a liquid pump portion 216, primarily comprising elements 234, 236 described above, is provided as part and parcel of the replaceable cartridge 214 and is adapted to be received by the air compressor 218, comprising elements 224-232, which are a fixed integral portion of the dispenser housing 212. Of course, appropriate seals are provided on the pump and air compressor mating portions to ensure leak-free operation, as to both liquid and air.
With an appreciation of the structure of the invention, an understanding of its operation can be obtained.
The pump is shown at its maximum compression in
Thus, it can be appreciated that the aspects of the invention have been achieved by the structure presented above. The fluid pump of the invention can be a commonly available fluid pump requiring minimal modification. The fluid pump is sealingly fixedly attached to and remains a portion of the disposable liquid cartridge 214. Being a commonly known and readily available liquid pump, the cost of the disposable cartridge 214 is greatly reduced. Moreover, the air compressor portion of the foam generating assembly remains an integral part of the dispenser housing 212, further reducing refill and replacement costs.
While, in accordance with the patent statutes, only the best mode and preferred embodiments of the invention have been presented and described in detail, the invention is not limited thereto or thereby. Accordingly, for an appreciation of the true scope and breadth of the invention, reference should be made to the following claims.
This application is continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/934,787, titled Bifurcated Stem Foam Pump, which was filed on Jul. 3, 2013 and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,763,863 on Jul. 1, 2014. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/934,787 is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/280,057, titled Bifurcated Stem Foam Pump, which was filed on Oct. 24, 2011 and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,499,981 on Aug. 6, 2013. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/280,057 is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/069,214, titled Bifurcated Stem Foam Pump, which was filed on Feb. 8, 2008 and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,047,403 on Nov. 1, 2011. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/280,057 is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/069,320, titled Bifurcated Stem Foam Pump, which was also filed on Feb. 8, 2008 and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,047,404 on Nov. 1, 2011. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/280,057 is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/069,321, titled Bifurcated Foam Pump Assembly, which was filed on Feb. 8, 2008 and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,313,010 on Nov. 20, 2012. This application claims priority to and the benefits of all of these applications, which are incorporated herein by reference.
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20140332563 A1 | Nov 2014 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 13934787 | Jul 2013 | US |
| Child | 14297323 | US | |
| Parent | 13280057 | Oct 2011 | US |
| Child | 13934787 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 12069214 | Feb 2008 | US |
| Child | 13280057 | US | |
| Parent | 12069320 | Feb 2008 | US |
| Child | 12069214 | US | |
| Parent | 12069321 | Feb 2008 | US |
| Child | 12069320 | US |
