Patent Application
20240326239
This invention relates generally to processes and devices for working on parts, and more particularly to processes and devices that position end effectors relative to the part to perform the operations.
In order to carry out certain operations with an end effector, like drilling and riveting, on an aircraft fuselage, the end effector must be positioned in a desired location. These operations could be carried out by an operator or individual. However, in order to carry out these drilling operations or other simple machining operations on assemblies with large sizes, rapidly and with precision, devices have nevertheless been developed in order to at least partially automate these operations.
For example, a device is known which uses two parallel flexible rails which are secured on the structure to be machined. The rails are secured on the structure by suction. An end effector, for example a drill, is moved along the two rails. While presumably effective for its intended purpose, a device of this type is complicated and time consuming to implement. In addition, in terms of construction, the width between the two rails and the surface which can be reached by the machining tool are limited.
Therefore, it would be desirable to provide an apparatus which allows for the desired operations to be performed, which does not suffer from one or more of these drawbacks.
A new apparatus for performing operations on a part, and in particular on the fuselage of an aircraft has been invented. The device utilizes a cable wound around a spool to move end effectors. The ends of the cable are fixed to an arch beam. The arch beam may be fixed and allowing the spool to move itself circumferentially. Alternatively, the spool may be fixed, and the arch may be moved circumferentially. Compared with other movement systems, the cable movement system is smaller, weighs less, and easier to customize and allow for more precise movements. Additionally, it provides for an apparatus that does not require tracks mounted on the part.
Therefore, the present invention may be characterized, in at least one aspect, as providing an apparatus for performing operations on a part. The apparatus may include a rail extending parallel to a first axis of the part, a platform and an arch both moveable in a direction parallel with the first axis, wherein one of the platform or the arch is mounted on the rail, a spool and a cable, the cable having a first end secured proximate a first end of the arch and a second end secured proximate a second end of the arch, and an end effector associated with the arch. In the apparatus, rotation of the spool moves the end effector circumferentially around the first axis.
The platform may be mounted to the rail. The spool may be mounted on the platform. The arch may be configured to be rotated circumferentially around the first axis. The end effector may be fixed to a first side, relative to the spool, of the arch. The end effector may be mounted so as to be movable in a radial direction. A second end effector may be attached to a second side of the arch. The first end effector may be configured to perform a first operation, and the second end effector may be configured to perform a second operation different from the first operation, or the same as the first operation. A brake may be provided to apply pressure to the arch to stop circumferential movement or to hold a circumferential position.
In another aspect the present invention may be generally characterized as providing an apparatus for performing operations on a part having: a rail extending parallel to a first axis of the part; a platform and an arch both moveable in a direction parallel with the first axis, wherein the platform is mounted on the rail; a spool and a cable, the cable having a first end secured proximate a first end of the arch and a second end secured proximate a second end of the arch; and, an end effector associated with the first end of the arch; wherein rotation of the spool moves the end effector circumferentially around the first axis.
The end effector may be mounted so as to be movable in a radial direction.
The apparatus may include a second end effector associated with the second end of the arch. The second end effector may be mounted so as to be movable in a radial direction. The first end effector may be configured to perform a first operation, and the second end effector may be configured to perform a second operation different from the first operation.
In another aspect, the present invention may be generally characterized as providing a process for performing an operation on a part by: moving an arch along an axis of the part; and moving an end effector circumferentially around the axis by rotating a spool with a cable partially wound around the spool, the end effector configured to perform the operation.
A first end of the cable may be fixed proximate the first end of the arch and a second end of the cable may be fixed proximate the second end of the arch. The arch may or may not move circumferentially around the axis when the spool is rotated.
The process may also include moving the end effector in a radial direction.
The process may further include moving the end effector in a radial direction.
Additional aspects, embodiments, and details of the invention, all of which may be combinable in any manner, are set forth in the following detailed description of the invention.
For performing operations on a part, an apparatus according to the present disclosure for performing operations on a part utilizes a cable wound around a spool to move end effectors. The ends of the cable are fixed to an arch beam. The arch beam may be fixed and allowing the spool to move itself circumferentially or the spool may be fixed, and the arch may be moved circumferentially. Compared with other movement systems, the cable movement system is smaller, weighs less, and easier to customize and allow for more precise movements. Additionally, it provides for an apparatus that does not require tracks mounted on the part.
With these general principles in mind, one or more embodiments of the present invention will be described with the understanding that the following description is not intended to be limiting.
An apparatus for performing operations on a part, such as an aircraft fuselage, includes at least one rail extending parallel to a first axis of the part. For example, two rails are provided. These rails may be mounted to a wall or floor or other fixed structures—in contrast to being fixed to the part as is known in the art.
A platform and arched beam, or simply arch, are provided and configured to move on the rails in a direction generally (i.e., within +/−30 degrees) along the first axis. One of the platform or the arched beam are mounted on the rails. A spool is provided on the platform, and a cable is wound around the spool.
A first end of the cable is fixed to a first side of the arch and a second end of the cable is fixed to a second side of the arch. The spool is located between the two sides of the arch.
Rotation of the spool (by a motor for example) will cause the arch to move, or rotate, circumferentially around the first axis. Preferably, the ends of the cable are fixed at or near the ends of the arch so as to provide the maximum amount of movement. This circumferential movement will allow one or more end effectors associated with the arch to obtain a desired circumferential positioning.
In some embodiments, the platform is mounted to the rails and the arch is mounted to the platform. The spool is also mounted on the platform and therefore does not move circumferentially around the first axis as a result of rotation.
One or more end effectors may be fixed to one of the ends of the arch, and, preferably, both ends of the arch are associated with an end effector. A first end effector may be configured to perform a first operation, like drilling, and the second end effector may be configured to perform a second operation different from the first operation, like riveting. Alternatively, both end effectors could both perform the same operation. In addition to drilling and riveting, the end effectors could be sprayers, for painting or coating, or distance sensors for measuring.
The end effectors may be moved in a radial direction. For example, the end effectors could be attached to an arm that moves in an out of the radial direction by a motor. Further, additional rails could be provided which are orientated generally perpendicular to the first axis, allowing the platform to move in the radial direction.
A brake may be utilized to apply pressure to the arch to stop circumferential movement or to hold a circumferential position.
Accordingly, movement of the end effectors along the first axis is accomplished with the platform moving on the rails and movement of the end effectors in a circumferential direction is accomplished with rotating the spool and thus the arched beam. Further movement in the radial direction may be accomplished by the end effectors or by mounting the end effectors on a movable arm or providing additional rails.
The present apparatus provides for precise, repeatable positioning for end effectors configured to perform operations on a part by using a cable drive system. This allows a lightweight, low cost, and easy to customize configuration. Additionally, the device does not need to be mounted to the part, increasing the production rate.
While at least one exemplary embodiment of the present invention(s) is disclosed herein, it should be understood that modifications, substitutions and alternatives may be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art and can be made without departing from the scope of this disclosure. This disclosure is intended to cover any adaptations or variations of the exemplary embodiment(s). In addition, in this disclosure, the terms “comprise” or “comprising” do not exclude other elements or steps, the terms “a” or “one” do not exclude a plural number, and the term “or” means either or both. Furthermore, characteristics or steps which have been described may also be used in combination with other characteristics or steps and in any order unless the disclosure or context suggests otherwise.
