Patent Application
20190141400
The invention relates to the field of Content On Demand (COD) systems and more specifically to the modifying asset campaigns of asset managers to improve asset insertion into COD content selections.
Television networks, such as the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), the Columbia Broadcasting Company (CBS), and the National Broadcasting Company (NBC), have for years broadcast television shows to the masses as a means for generating revenue through advertising. For example, these networks produce television shows and then seek out sponsors to advertise on the shows. The television shows, or “content”, have designated timeslots in which the sponsors' advertisements, or “assets”, are inserted. The content and the inserted assets are then broadcast by the television networks, or “content providers”, to the public over federally licensed communication airways, occasionally referred to as linear video distribution.
This “shotgun” approach to advertising proved to be very successful in the beginning. However, as the number of advertisers wishing to sell their goods and services substantially increased, television evolved into a much more complex system of communications. For example, cable television providers and satellite television providers now serve as intermediary “content distributors” between the content providers and the intended public audience. And, the number of content providers has increased accordingly. In this regard, many members of the general public have signed on as customers of the cable/satellite content distributors so as to receive a broader availability of content.
Because the market for content consumption has grown, the number of content distributors has also grown. And, because each of these providers has its own method of content delivery, the manner in which the content and assets are delivered to the customers has become increasingly complex. Generally, the content providers deliver the content to the content distributors with instructions to insert various national assets into the content at certain times. For example, if a company wishes to run a national advertisement campaign targeting a certain television show associated with a particular demographic, the company may purchase one or more timeslots, or “placement opportunities”, within that television show from the content provider to air assets advertising the goods and services of the company. The content provider then provides the content to each of the content distributors with directions to insert the assets within the timeslots purchased by the company.
The content distributors may also have certain timeslots available for inserting certain local assets. For example, a content distributor may have “headends” configured in various communities to distribute content to their customers located therein. Each headend receives content from the content providers with various designated timeslots for inserting assets into the content. Some of those timeslots may be designated for local ads where companies within the service area of the headend wish to advertise. These companies purchase those timeslots from the content distributor for insertion of their assets to expose the customers to their advertising at the more local level.
As complex as the cable/satellite television has become, certain devices have come along to change and/or circumvent these forms of marketing altogether. The digital recorder, such as that produced by Tivo, is one example of a means for avoiding the asset insertions of marketing strategists. With the digital recorder, the content distributors' customers are able to digitally record entire episodes of content and view that content at their leisure, as opposed to a time established by the content providers. However, these customers can also use the digital recorders to fast-forward or skip through the assets without viewing them, much to the dismay of the asset owners.
In response, content distributors started providing content on a “Content On Demand” (COD) basis, sometimes referred to as nonlinear video distribution. In COD, the content provider delivers the content to the content distributor which in turn maintains the content for subsequent and individual distribution to their customers. Thus, a customer may select a desired content through a set-top box (STB) or other device and watch that content at the customer's leisure. This COD content is also typically configured with timeslots where assets may be inserted. However, marketing strategists have not been able to determine the effectiveness of asset insertion in COD content.
Systems and methods presented herein provide for insertion of assets into selected COD content and campaign recommendations for those assets. For example, advertisers have advertisements that they desire being placed in COD content. Those advertisements are often configured with a campaign that indicates how and when the advertisements are to be placed in the COD content. However, the advertisers do not know the effectiveness of their campaign strategies. The systems and methods herein provide for improving asset campaigns and providing recommendations to assist the asset providers with their campaigns.
In one embodiment, a Content On Demand (COD) asset insertion decision system is operable to process a plurality of asset campaigns from a plurality of asset managers, to process information from a remote COD content distributer about COD content selections by a plurality of Customer Premises Equipment (CPEs), to identify and qualify assets of the asset campaigns for insertion in the COD content selections, and to direct the remote COD content distributor to insert the qualified assets into the COD content selections. An analytics processor communicatively coupled to the COD asset insertion decision system and operable to collect information about the assets inserted in the COD content selections, to modify the asset campaigns based on the collected information, and to present the modified asset campaigns to the COD asset insertion decision system. The COD asset insertion decision system is further operable to re-qualify the assets based on the modified asset campaigns.
The various embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented in a variety of ways as a matter of design choice. For example, the embodiments may take the form of physical machines, computer hardware, software, firmware, or combinations thereof. In one embodiment, a computer readable medium is operable to store software instructions for directing the asset insertion into content. These software instructions are configured so as to direct a processor or some other processing system to operate in the manner described above.
Other exemplary embodiments are described below.
Some embodiments of the present invention are now described, by way of example only, and with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference number represents the same element or the same type of element on all drawings.
The figures and the following description illustrate specific exemplary embodiments of the invention. It will thus be appreciated that those skilled in the art will be able to devise various arrangements that, although not explicitly described or shown herein, embody the principles of the invention and are included within the scope of the invention. Furthermore, any examples described herein are intended to aid in understanding the principles of the invention, and are to be construed as being without limitation to such specifically recited examples and conditions. As a result, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments or examples described below.
The asset managers 130-1-130-N provide asset campaigns to the campaign manager 121 through a communication portal 120 indicating, among other things, preferences as to how and when they desire their assets to be inserted into COD content. The asset campaigns may also include information pertaining to a desired number of insertions for each asset. Examples of asset campaigns are shown and described in greater detail below.
The campaign manager 121 processes the asset campaigns and conveys the campaign information to the COD asset insertion decision system 101 such that the COD asset insertion decision system 101 can identify assets of the campaigns, select certain assets, and rank those assets on a COD content selection by COD content selection basis. In other words, for every COD content selection by a CPE 107, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 provides a ranked list of assets to the content distributor 108 such that the COD system 103 can insert those assets into the COD content selection. Thus, each ranked list of assets is individually tailored for each COD content selection.
A data analytics processor 122 is communicatively coupled between the campaign manager 121 and the COD asset insertion decision system 101 to modify asset campaigns of the asset managers 130. For example, over time, the data analytics processor 122 may monitor the effectiveness of the assets being inserted into the COD content selections. If a particular asset campaign desires asset insertion of an asset into certain COD content selections at a particular time of day, and that asset for that time of day is underperforming, the data analytics processor 122 may evaluate ways in which to improve the number of views for that asset. In this regard, the data analytics processor may coalesce the number of views of the asset with third-party analytics 123 (e.g., the market and consumer analysis provided by Nielsen Holdings N.V., and/or social media trending information, such as Twitter, Buzzfeed, Buzzsumo, Walmart Labs, etc.) as well as demographic information of the users of the CPEs 107 to determine better asset campaign strategies for the asset.
The COD asset insertion decision system 101 collects information pertaining to the assets being inserted into the COD content selections. The data analytics processor 122 uses this information to modify asset campaigns of the asset managers 130-1-130-N. For example, while the asset managers 130-1-130-N may have an idea as to how they desire their assets to be best inserted into the COD content selections, they may not always have the best information as to how those asset campaigns are to be shaped. The data analytics processor 122 uses the information collected by the COD asset insertion decision system 101 to optimize the campaigns of the asset managers 130-1-130-N.
The COD asset insertion decision system 101 is any system, device, software, or combination thereof operable to interface with a plurality of asset providers 130 to process information about assets (e.g., advertisements, marketing materials, etc.) of the asset providers 130 such that the COD asset insertion decision system 101 can direct the content distributor 108 to insert assets from the asset providers 130 into COD content selected by a CPE 107. For example, the content distributor 108 may have access to content from a plurality of content providers (described in greater detail below) that the content distributor 108 provides to its customers via their respective CPEs 107. In this regard, the content distributor 108 may include a COD system 103 that retrieves stored content for presentation to a CPE 107 when selected by a user of the CPE 107. The content distributor 108 may also have access to assets that are to be inserted into asset placement timeslots (i.e., asset placement opportunities) within the content. The COD asset insertion decision system 101, being operable to provide value to the content providers, coordinates with campaigns of the asset providers 130 to extract value for the content providers. In this regard, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 may rank the assets of the asset providers 130 in a manner that provides the most value to the content providers.
The campaign manager 121 is any system, device, software, or combination thereof operable to receive/process asset campaigns from the asset managers 130 and transfer information pertaining to the asset campaigns to the COD asset insertion decision system 101.
The campaign manager 121 and/or the data analytics processor 122 may be configured as separate components to the COD asset insertion decision system 101 or they may be configured with the COD asset insertion decision system 101. For example, a computer server may be operable to implement the campaign manager 121, the data analytics processor 122, and the COD asset insertion decision system 101 to operate as described herein. In this regard, the campaign manager 121 may provide a communication portal 120 to the asset managers 130 via the Internet or other network that presents the asset managers 130 with a graphical user interface and allows the asset managers 130 to input their asset campaigns to the campaign manager 121. Similarly, the graphical user interface may present the asset campaigns modified by the data analytics processor 122 to the asset managers 130 to allow the asset managers 130 to either accept or deny the modifications.
The data analytics processor 122 is any system, software, device, or combination thereof operable to collect information over time regarding the various COD content selections by the CPEs 107-1-107-N. This information may include the titles of the COD content selections, the times in which the COD contents were selected, genres of the COD content selections, actors within the COD content selections, etc. The data analytics processor 122 may analyze and combine this information with demographic information of the users of the CPEs 107-1-107-N, third-party analytics 123. The data analytics processor 122 may then generate a recommendation for a new asset campaign that improves the effectiveness of viewers observing the assets of the campaign.
The CPEs 107-1-107-N are any devices or systems capable of providing content to users. For example, a CPE 107 may be a set-top box operable to communicate with a cable television headend. Alternatively, a CPU 107 can be a computer or a mobile computing device capable of displaying video from the network 132 (e.g., via streaming video over the Internet). For example, a CPE 107 may select a desired content from an Internet website hosted with an internet server (i.e., the content distributor 108 and COD system 103) through the network 132. Once selected, the COD 103 may retrieve the content from a content database for Internet delivery to the selecting CPE 107. The COD asset insertion decision system 101, being communicatively coupled to the COD 103, processes information pertaining to the content selection and selects assets for insertion into that content from a national asset database and/or a local asset database, as illustrated below in
With the asset campaigns in hand, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 identifies and qualifies assets of the asset campaigns for insertion into the COD content selections, in the process element 203. Again, qualification of assets for COD content selections is performed on a COD content selection by COD content selection basis. Thus, after each asset qualification for a particular COD content selection, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 directs the remote COD content distributor 108 to insert the qualified assets into the COD content selection, in the process element 204.
The COD asset insertion decision system 101 collects and records information about the assets that have been inserted into COD content by the COD content distributor, in the process element 205. For example, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 monitors the actual assets that have been inserted into the various content selections distributed by the content distributor 108 to the CPEs 107. This information is compiled by the campaign manager 121 to ascertain effectiveness of the asset campaigns directing the assets into the COD content selections. Based on this information and other information (i.e., the third-party analytics 123 and/or demographic information of the CPEs 107), the data analytics processor 122 modifies the asset campaigns from the asset managers 130, in the process element 206.
Once modify, data analytics processor 122 transfers the modified asset campaigns to the COD asset insertion decision system 101, in the process element 207, such that the COD asset insertion decision system 101 may re-qualify the assets based on the modified asset campaigns, in the process element 208. It should be noted that the qualification and requalification processes described herein are generally performed in real time. For example, the asset managers 130 may be continually transferring asset campaigns to the campaign manager 121 and the COD asset insertion decision system 101 may be continually qualifying assets of those campaigns and directing their insertions into the COD content selections by the CPEs 107. In this regard, the data analytics processor 122 may also be continually updating and modifying those asset campaigns such that the COD asset insertion decision system may qualify assets of the modified campaigns.
Moreover, the campaign manager 121 may present modified asset campaigns to the asset managers through a communication portal 120 for review. For example, each asset manager 130 may be able to directly interact with the campaign manager 121 to provide asset campaigns via the communication portal 120 (e.g., a web browser forever communication link). With this connection, each asset manager 130 may be able to fashion or otherwise configure their respective asset campaigns. Similarly, the campaign manager 121 may present the recommended asset campaigns to the asset managers 130 through the communication portal 120 once they are computed. The communication interface presenting the asset campaign recommendations may present those recommendations in the same or similar form as the assets are presented from the asset managers 130 to the campaign manager 121. From there, the asset managers 130 can review their respective modified asset campaigns and either accept or reject the modifications for future use.
To provide the COD content, the headend 102 includes a COD system 103 that is operable to provide content to the CPE 107 when desired by the customer. For example, the headend 102 may receive the content from the content providers and maintain that content within a content database 104. The headend 102 may also maintain local assets in a local asset database 105 and national assets in a national asset database 106. When a particular content is selected by the user of the CPE 107, the COD 103 accesses the content database 104 to retrieve the selected content and deliver that content to the CPE 107. In this regard, the COD 103 is any system or device that is operable to deliver video content to the CPE 107 when directed by the CPE 107. The databases 104, 105, and 106 are any systems or devices operable to store and maintain data, audio, and/or video for subsequent distribution to the CPE 107. For example, the databases 104, 105, and 106 may be operable within a computer system that stores the video and audio (e.g., MPEG) content and assets such that they may be accessed by the COD 103 and delivered to the CPE 107 when desired by the user of such.
To illustrate the insertion of assets into content,
The invention is not intended to be limited to the COD asset insertion decision system 101 merely providing direction to the COD 103 for selection of various assets in a local asset database 105 and the national asset database 106. In one particular embodiment, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 is communicatively coupled to a content provider so as to receive instructions regarding various campaigns from asset providers on a national level. Alternatively or additionally, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 is communicatively coupled to asset providers to receive and direct insertion of the assets therefrom into the content 110.
Also, the invention is not intended be limited to any particular number of content segments 110 or any particular number of asset timeslots. In fact, an asset timeslot 112 may be subdivided for insertion of multiple assets. For example, television commercials are typically 30 seconds in length. Occasionally, however, asset providers reduce the material of certain assets to reduce the overall duration of a particular asset (e.g., by removing material from a 30 second commercial to reduce it to a 15 second commercial). Accordingly, a 30 second asset timeslot 112 may be configured to accept insertions of two 15 second assets. For example, in
It should be noted that the decisions regarding the direction of asset insertions occur quite rapidly. For example, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 may be operable to make asset insertion decisions for a plurality of headends 102. And, each headend 102 may be operable to provide COD content to a plurality of CPEs 107 at any given time, possibly thousands or more. Thus, when a COD content selection is made by a particular CPE 107, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 responds in substantially real time to ensure that the COD 103 has ample time to retrieve and insert the assets while processing the content selected by the CPE 107.
The asset managers 130-1 and 130-N communicate (1) their respective asset campaigns 131 to the campaign manager 121 through the communication portal 120. The campaign manager 121 then configures the information pertaining to the individual assets of the campaigns 131 for the COD asset insertion decision system 101. That is, the campaign manager 121 provides (2, 3) the distribution of the assets into COD content selections (via the data analytics processor 122 that is desired by the asset managers 130 and reflected in their asset campaigns 131.
With the asset campaign information in hand, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 qualifies, removes conflicts, and ranks the assets of the asset campaigns 131 and delivers (4) lists of assets to be inserted into COD content selections to the content distributor 108/COD system 103. In this regard, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 tailors asset insertions for each COD content selection by the CPEs 107. That is, any CPE 107 making a COD content selection receives a customized insertion of assets directed by the COD asset insertion decision system 101.
As the COD asset insertion decision system 101 directs the COD system 103 to insert the assets in the various COD content selections, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 records (5) information about the asset insertions into the COD content selections and transfers (6) that information to the data analytics processor 122 for asset campaign modification processing. The data analytics processor 122, in this regard, uses heuristic information regarding the actual asset insertions and coalesces that information with other information, such as third-party analytics 123 and demographic information of the users of the CPEs 107. The data analytics processor 122 then modifies (7) the asset campaigns and transfers the modifications to the COD asset insertion decision system 101. The COD asset insertion decision system 101 then re-qualifies (8) the assets for insertion into subsequent COD content selections by the CPEs 107.
Other details regarding information pertaining to the COD content selections and the asset qualifications are shown and described below.
The AQM 151 is any device or system operable to communicate with the interface 154 to initially qualify assets for insertion within the content. The AQM 151 may exclude certain assets from insertion into the content selected by the CPE 107. The ARM 152 is any device or system operable to rank the remaining assets (i.e., those not already excluded by the AQM 151) for insertion to the content 110. The ACRM 153 is any device or system operable to remove any ranked assets from insertion into the content 110 based on conflicts between assets. For example, the ACRM 153 may determine that assets from certain advertisers conflict with one another (e.g., Coke and Pepsi). Accordingly, the ACRM 153 may be operable to prevent assets from these advertisers from being inserted within a same timeslot 111 or even within a same content 110. The exemplary operations of the AQM 151, the ARM 152, and the ACRM 153 are explained in greater detail below.
Upon receiving the asset insertion request, the AQM 151 may determine certain parameters relating to the placement of the assets. For example, the AQM 151 may determine durations of the assets and various placement opportunities for the assets (i.e., appropriate timeslots within the selected content). The AQM 151 may also process the active campaigns of the asset managers 130 that are residing with the campaign manager 121 to determine their eligibility within the content. The AQM 151 may generate a list for the ARM 152 such that the ARM 152 may rank and select eligible campaigns from that list. In doing so, the AQM 151 may exclude certain campaigns from the list based on various criteria, such as whether the asset provider and/or the asset itself are valid and whether the insertion opportunities themselves are valid. An embodiment of the AQM 151 is exemplarily shown in greater detail below in
Once the ARM 152 receives the eligible campaign list, the ARM 152 ranks the various campaign items that include assets of the campaigns for insertion into the content selected by the CPE 107. The ARM 152 may rank the campaign items based on, among other things, their value to the content provider and/or the content distributor, the strategy of the campaign, and the priority of the campaign. An embodiment of the ARM 152 is exemplarily shown and described in greater detail below in
Once the ACRM 153 removes conflicts from the ranked list of possible campaigns, the ACRM 153 transfers the final placement of the assets within the content to the COD 103, which in turn inserts the assets into the timeslots of the selected content. The COD 103 may then retrieve the assets from the local asset database 105 and/or the national asset database 106 for insertion of the assets into the selected content. With the assets inserted into the selected content, the COD 103 transfers the content and assets to the CPE 107 for presentation to the user thereof. Alternatively, the COD 103 may place assets while the COD content selection is running.
Generally, after the content is delivered to the CPE 107 with the inserted assets, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 reports the insertion (e.g., to the headend 102, the content providers 120, and/or the asset providers 121) and recomputes and/or synchronizes campaigns for another content selection by a CPE 107. For example, once certain goals have been met for a particular campaign, the achieved goals may lower the ranking of that campaign or even exclude it from future insertions in selected COD content. Accordingly, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 may retain information pertaining to the insertion of assets for use in determining subsequent asset insertions.
In one embodiment, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 may receive information from the headend 102 indicative of actual views of the inserted assets. For example, the headend 102 may be operable to access a CPE 107 to determine when a COD content selection is stopped such that a portion of the asset insertions are not seen by the viewer of the content selection. This information may be transferred back to the COD asset insertion decision system 101 such that the campaign data of those non-viewed assets can be compensated or corrected. In other words, when assets are inserted into COD content selections and they are not viewed because of some action on the part of the viewer, such as stopping or fast forwarding the COD content selection, the campaigns of those assets should not be influenced. Accordingly, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 may take this information into consideration and recompute how close the campaign is to meeting its targeted goal for views.
Additionally, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 may periodically synchronize a database storing information of the insertions for use as a failsafe and/or to reduce (e.g., minimize) the number of accesses to the database. For example, a database may be used to store campaign data of the assets to ensure that the asset insertion decision system 101 does not over use the assets. The asset insertion decision system 101 may access this database each time a request for asset insertion is received. To reduce the number of processer intensive accesses to the database, the asset insertion decision system 101 may record a list of assets that are inserted and then operate off that list for directing subsequent insertions. After some period of time, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 may access the database and repopulate it with the recorded insertions such that campaign data is refreshed. Also, in the event of a failure to communicate with the database, the headend 102, the content providers 120, and/or the asset providers 121 regarding how and when to perform asset assertions, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 may operate from the list and repopulate the database once it becomes available.
It should be noted that the invention is not intended to be limited to any particular messaging format. In some embodiments, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 interacts with the COD 103 using the standards established by the Society of Cable Television Engineers (SCTE). In other embodiments, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 interacts with the COD 103 using an Entertainment Identifier Registry (EIDR). EIDR provides a manner in which content and assets may be “tagged” with unique identifiers that are operable to distinguish the content and assets from one another. For example, content and assets generally have associated metadata to distinguish themselves from one another based on various aspects, such as age, maturity level, actors, products, and the like. EIDR identifiers are generally capable of incorporating this metadata to provide a compact means for uniquely tagging the content and assets for rapid identification due in part to its central registration. That is, each particular content and asset is identified with a unique EIDR identifier that is maintained by central registration system so that individual headends and the like may quickly identify and use the registered content and assets.
To provide more context to the operations of the COD asset insertion decision system 101, the following example is provided.
The CPE 107 selects a particular episode of the television show “30 Rock” at 8 pm on a Thursday night from a menu of COD content that is presented by the COD 103. The COD 103 retrieves that episode of 30 Rock from the content database 104. The COD 103 then retrieves certain assets from the national asset database 106 for insertion into the timeslots of that show. As with many other 30 minute situational comedies, this episode of 30 Rock includes two content sections 110-1 and 110-2 and the three timeslots 111-1, 111-2, and 111-3, as illustrated in
1. A Coca-Cola campaign with a total of four assets and 3 campaign items directing placement opportunities of those assets as follows:
2. A Pepsi-Cola campaign with a total of five assets and four campaign items directing placement opportunities of those assets as follows:
3. A Capital One credit card campaign with a total of four assets and three campaign items directing placement opportunities of those assets as follows:
4. A Chrysler Motors campaign with a total of three assets and two campaign items directing placement opportunities of those assets as follows:
5. A Nickelodeon campaign with one asset and one campaign item directing placement opportunities of that asset as follows:
Since the television show 30 Rock has a mature theme and since the Nickelodeon campaign is directed towards a younger audience, that campaign item is automatically excluded from the eligible campaign list by the AQM 151. Other remaining campaign items are excluded based on time and date (i.e., campaign items 1c and 2e).
Thus the remaining campaigns of 1a-1b, 2a-2d, 3a-c, 4a-4b are transferred to the ARM 152 for ranking. Based on various factors explained in greater detail below, the ARM 152 ranks the campaigns as follows:
The ARM 152 transfers this ranked list of campaign items to the ACRM 153 to determine conflicts within the ranked list of campaign items. Typically, the six available asset placement opportunities 112-1-6 within the content 110 would be filled by the first six campaign items based on a rank determined by the ARM 152. However, since some conflicts may exist between campaigns within a particular content and/or timeslot, certain campaigns may be excluded from the placement opportunities 112 such that the ranking is reordered. For example, certain criteria may dictate that a Pepsi Cola asset may not be placed within the same content as a Coca-Cola asset. In this regard, the campaign items 1a-1d are removed from the ranked list because the Pepsi-Cola asset has the higher initial ranking, leaving the following campaign items:
With this computed, the ACRM 153 may remove the final three campaign items 7, 8, and 9 from the list as the six placement opportunities can be filled with assets. The ACRM 153 then transfers this information regarding asset placement to the COD 103. This general embodiment of the messaging may be implemented in any of the above COD asset insertion decision system embodiments for use in directing the insertion of assets within the content. Other more specific embodiments are shown below.
Returning to
Otherwise, the AQM 151 determines whether the placement request is properly formatted, in the process element 302. For example, messaging formats among content providers are varied. As part of a means for simplifying the communication for asset placement, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 may standardize the format of COD placement requests from content providers. In one embodiment, the interface 154 of the COD asset insertion decision system 101 receives messages from the CODs of different content providers and formats them into the COD placement request such that content providers who are not affiliated with the COD asset insertion decision system 101 may be rejected according to improperly formatted COD placement request. In other words, the formatting of the COD placement request may act as a form of security to prevent unauthorized content providers from seeking access to the COD asset insertion decision system 101. Although the formatting by the COD asset insertion decision system 101 may be implemented as a matter of design choice, one manner of formatting includes the Web Services Description Language (WSDL). WSDL is an Extensible Markup Language, or WL, format for describing network services as a set of endpoints operating on messages containing either document-oriented or procedure-oriented information. The operations and messages are described abstractly and then bound to a particular network protocol and message format to define an endpoint. Related endpoints are combined into abstract endpoints, or services. The extensibility of WSDL generally allows for the description of endpoints and their messages regardless of what message formats or network protocols are used to communicate.
The AQM 151 then determines whether the message ID and version are valid, in the process element 303. For example, as another security feature, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 may assign message identifiers to each authorized content provider with version numbers to ensure that unauthorized content providers do not access the COD asset insertion decision system 101. The version numbers may be useful in assuring that authorized content providers accounts are up to date. That is, even though a content provider may be authorized to access the COD asset insertion decision system 101, they may not be able to request placement of assets in their COD content because they have been temporarily restricted (e.g., due to failures of payment, assets being deemed inappropriate, etc.).
Once the AQM 151 validates the message ID and version of the COD placement request, the AQM 151 validates the client and target code within the COD placement request. For example, information regarding the CPE 107 may indicate whether the CPE 107 is authorized to receive COD content. Based on this information, the AQM 151 may validate the CPE 107 and verify that the target of the selected COD content is indeed that CPE 107. After doing so, the AQM 151 may identify the local date and time of the CPE 107 (e.g., to identify when assets may run in the selected content). The AQM 151 then validates the terminal address of the CPE 107. To illustrate, a stolen CPE 107 may appear as an authorized CPE. However, since that stolen CPE 107 has changed locations, the terminal address of that CPE has also changed due to its connection to a new cable link. Accordingly, the AQM 151 verifies that the CPE 107 is indeed located where it is supposed to be located. Alternatively, this functionality may be configured within the headend 102.
Afterwards, the AQM 151 identifies the originating Asset Decision Manager (ADM) and Content Information Service (CIS) of the COD 103 and then determines whether the ADM is valid, in the process elements 307 and 308. For example, SCTE standard 104 (SCTE-104) defines an interface between automation systems and compression systems that encode a digital video stream (e.g., an MPEG stream of content) at the headend 102. Using SCTE-104, the automation system provides instructions and metadata from which a compression system creates SCTE standard 35 messages as private data packets in the digital video stream. SCTE standard 130 (SCTE-130) defines an architecture for communication and interoperation among various systems employed in cable television advertising. Based on this standard, the interface to campaign management is the Asset Decision Service (ADS) and the interface to an asset insertion system is the ADM. The standard also includes a CIS that defines services for subscriber information and placement opportunities within content to support inventory exchange.
Various vendor systems at the headend 102 perform the actual contract management, cue message detections, and add insertions. SCTE-130 defines the interface that isolates the details of each vendor's system and acts as a front-end through which other systems provide and consume cooperating services. The ADS determines how assets are combined with content. The ADM defines messages in support of asset insertion activities. The primary consumer of these messages is the ADS. The message interfaces exposed by the ADM allow for preconfigured asset decisions and real time asset fulfillment models. An ADM may incorporate some rudimentary asset selection rules, such as asset rotation, but more complex asset decisions are the responsibility of the ADS. The CIS manages metadata describing the assets, advertising and non-advertising, that are available to the other logical services defined by SCTE-130. The CIS provides query and notification interfaces to these logical services. The query service is available on an ad-hoc basis and may be called by any other logical service at any time without any prior registration. Queries specify values or patterns to be sought in the query message metadata and the specified matching information is returned in a response message.
Once the ADM is identified, the AQM 151 validates the ADM to ensure that it is authorized to access the COD asset insertion decision system 101, in the process element 308. After validation, the AQM 151 identifies the asset based on its programmer and asset identifier (the “PAID”), in the process element 309, to determine whether the asset provider is valid and active (process element 310) and whether the asset from that provider is valid (process element 311). For example, the AQM 151 may independently verify the existence of each asset at each operator location. To verify the distribution status of assets, the AQM 151 may employ SCTE-130 part 4 (SCTE-130-4) pertaining to CIS logical interfaces. Thus, the AQM 151 may query each operator CIS endpoint using the unique ID of each asset and the provider's unique programmer ID, or PAID. An example of this message flow is illustrated in
In this embodiment, the AQM 151 is initiated to check the status of an asset such as when the interface 154 of the COD asset insertion decision system 101 receives the COD placement request 301. The AQM 151 generates and transfers a request to check the asset status (i.e., the PAID) to a SCTE-130-4 interface 320 of the COD 103. The COD 103 in turn generates and transfers a content query request to a CIS 321 of the COD 103. The CIS 321 then sends a request to retrieve the asset status from back office systems 322 of the COD 103 (e.g., the data bases 105 and 106). For example, the back office systems 322 may determine whether the asset is available, unavailable, or its availability is unknown. The status is then returned to the CIS 321 and transferred to the interface 320 in a content query response. The interface 320 informs the AQM 151 of this asset status such that the AQM 151 can determine whether such an asset placement would be valid. If it is not valid, the AQM 151 returns the error response E1 as in other instances and then updates the asset availability. If the asset is valid, its status is also updated such that it may be used for placement in content (i.e., an asset placement timeslot).
With the asset identified and validated, the AQM 151 may then identify placement opportunities within the content selected by the CPE 107, in the process element 312. For example, the content may have certain designated placement opportunities for the assets. The number, or counts, of these timeslots and their durations are used by the AQM 151 to assist in the selection and placement of assets. The AQM 151 may also identify and use any control information associated with timeslots that could restrict certain assets. In identifying these placement opportunities, the AQM 151 validates whether the content selected by the CPE 107 has placement opportunities for the assets and what that number is, in the process element 313. If so, the AQM 151 validates whether the placement opportunities are of the appropriate type, in the process element 314. As mentioned, placement opportunities may include control information or metadata that restricts certain assets from being placed within a selected content. For example, age control information of selected content may be used to restrict certain assets from being placed within that content based on age (e.g., COD children's shows having control information that restricts assets with more mature content and vice versa). If the opportunity times within the content are valid, the AQM 151 determines whether any placement opportunities are still available within the content selected by the CPE 107, in the process element 315.
After the validation process is complete, the AQM 151 qualifies campaigns to determine whether assets of those campaigns can be placed within the selected COD content, as illustrated in
If campaign items are available for asset placement within the placement opportunities of the content selected by the CPE 107, the AQM 151 evaluates the campaign items in the process element 354. In doing so, the AQM 151 validates the day/time conditions of a campaign item in the process element 355 to ensure that a particular asset in the campaign item is appropriate for the date and time when the COD content is selected by the CPE 107. For example, a commercial for a mature audience may not be appropriate for viewing until later evening hours when children are not present. Thus, if the COD content is selected during the afternoon, the AQM 151 may exclude the campaign item containing the mature audience commercial from placement within the selected COD content. Similarly, if the commercial is intended for children, the information within the campaign item asset may not be relevant to a more mature audience. Thus, if the COD content is selected during the late evening when children are not present, the AQM 151 may exclude the campaign item from placement within that selected COD content. So, when the campaign item does not meet the valid date/time conditions, the AQM 151 removes the campaign item from potential insertion into the selected COD content, in the process element 360. The AQM 151 then determines whether there are any available campaigns remaining from the loaded list of active campaign items, in the process element 361. If there are no available campaigns, the AQM 151 generates an empty placement, in the process element 363 (E2), as described above, and responds to the COD 103, in the process element 364. For example, once the AQM 151 evaluates all of the campaign items and excludes all of those campaign items in the process element 354, the AQM 151 then determines if there are any campaigns left for potential placement in the selected COD content. If there are none, the AQM 151 may generate an empty response and contact the COD 103 such that the COD 103 may place an asset in the selected COD content as desires or leave it empty. Otherwise, the AQM 151 transfers the information pertaining to the remaining campaigns, items, and assets to the ARM 152 (B1).
In continuing the evaluation of campaign items, in the process element 354, the AQM 151 validates the metadata conditions of a campaign item, in the process element 356. For example, assets generally have metadata associated with them that describe certain features of the asset, such as a particular actor in the asset, the theme of the asset, targeted audience for the asset, maturity level of the asset, etc. In one embodiment, these metadata features are contained in an EIDR identifier as discussed above. If the assets of the campaign item being evaluated do not meet the desired metadata conditions for the selected COD content, that campaign item is removed from consideration, in the process element 360. To illustrate, the actor Alec Baldwin has been seen in several Capital One credit card commercials. A campaign item by the Capital One credit card company may wish to have those commercials inserted into the certain COD content featuring Alec Baldwin as an actor, such as the television show, 30 Rock. Thus, if the selected COD content does not include Alec Baldwin, that campaign item may be excluded from potential insertion into the selected COD content. Alternatively or additionally, if the COD content requires assets of a certain type, the metadata of the assets may be used to exclude the assets from the content. For example, if the content precludes mature content, campaign items having assets with mature themes may be excluded from the selected COD content based on the metadata of the assets relating to maturity level.
The AQM 151 is also operable to validate break/position conditions of the COD content selected by the CPE 107, in the process element 357. For example, if the selected COD content has only 30 second pre roll and post roll timeslots available for asset insertions and the campaign item mandates that the asset be placed at the mid roll timeslot in a COD content, then the campaign item is excluded and removed in the process element 360.
Once the various conditions for the campaign items have been validated, the AQM 151 then evaluates the individual assets in a particular campaign, in the process element 358. An example of such is shown and described in greater detail in
The AQM 151 is also operable to determine whether an asset is available on the ADM, in the process element 382. For example, the assets are stored in the local asset database 105 and the national asset database 106. These assets are periodically updated as advertisers wish to update their various campaigns with newer assets. Older assets may be removed from the databases making them unavailable for insertion. Thus, even if the older asset exists in the campaign item, that asset is not available for insertion because it does not physically exist in the databases 105 and 106. Accordingly, the AQM 151 removes the asset from consideration and returns to evaluating the remaining assets of the campaign item.
The AQM 151 may also be operable to determine whether an asset is available in a target window, in the process element 383. For example, if the asset is only available during a certain time of the day, day of the week, etc., and the COD content is selected by the CPE 107 outside of that time window, then the AQM 151 removes that asset from consideration. The AQM 151 may also be operable to determine whether an asset is available in a license window, in the process element 384. For example, an asset may physically exist on the local asset database 105 or the national asset database 106 and thus be available for insertion into COD content. However, that asset could include certain licensing information that precludes insertion into COD content by the headend 102 for any of a variety of reasons (e.g., contractual obligations between content distributor and content provider have ceased). Thus, the asset may be excluded from insertion into selected COD content based on its license window. Once the AQM 151 completes evaluation of the assets within a particular campaign item, the AQM 151 returns to continue evaluating the individual campaign items (C2).
The priority score module 401 is any device or system operable to generate priority information for the campaign items provided to the ARM 152 by the AQM 151. A priority score relates to a weighted representation of how important a campaign item is in relation to other items in a campaign. The priority score module 401 may calculate a priority score for each of the campaign items in a campaign based on the function of: (campaign priority value/sum of all priority values for the campaign items)*(parameter weight/100). For the function, the campaign priority value is assigned by the manager that creates the campaign. The parameter weight is a value used to modify how much the priority score figures into the total score.
The value score module 402 is any device or system operable to generate value score information for the campaign items provided to the ARM 152 by the AQM 151. A value score for a campaign item relates to a weighted representation of the income generated by inserting a particular campaign item into content. The value score module 402 may calculate a value score for each of the campaign items in a campaign based on the function of: ((campaign item value)/(the sum of all values for the campaign items in the campaign))*(parameter weight/100). For the function, the campaign item value is the currency value that is assigned for the campaign item. The currency value may be paid upon the campaign item being inserted into the content and/or the campaign item being viewed by a customer (i.e., a user of the CPE 107). The parameter weight is a value used to modify how much the value score figures into the total score.
The strategy score module 403 is any device or system operable to generate strategy scoring information for the campaign items provided to the ARM 152 by the AQM 151. A strategy score for a campaign item relates to a weighted representation of how the campaign item is distributed during an active campaign. Some examples of how the campaign item may be distributed include an even distribution, an “as soon as possible (ASAP)” distribution, etc. The strategy score module 403 may calculate a strategy score for each of the campaign items in a campaign based on the function of: ((campaign item strategy value)/(the sum of all campaign items strategy values for the campaign items in the campaign))*(parameter weight/100). For the function, the campaign item strategy value may be “0” for an even distribution and “1” for an ASAP distribution. Other strategies may exist as any values in between. The parameter weight is a value used to modify how much the strategy score figures into the total score.
The goal score module 404 is any device or system operable to generate goal information for the campaign items provided to the ARM 152 by the AQM 151. A goal score for a campaign item relates to a weighted representation of whether the campaign item is behind schedule, on schedule, or ahead of schedule to meet its goal. The goal score module 404 may calculate a goal score for each of the campaign items based on the function of: ((campaign item health score)/(the sum of all of the campaign item goal values for each of the campaign items in the campaign))*(parameter weight/100). The parameter weight is a value used to modify how much the goal score figures into the total score. The campaign item health score may be determined by the function of: ((% of goal remaining)/(% of time remaining in the campaign)). The “% of goal remaining” may be determined by the function of: ((the campaign item goal−current count))/(campaign item goal). The current count is based on the insertions or views of the campaign item. The “% of time remaining” may be determined by the function of: (hours remaining for the campaign item/total hours for the campaign item), where the hours remaining is a time from the current time through the end of the flight window for the campaign item (e.g., a period of time when the asset is to air). The total hours in the function is the number of hours for the duration of the flight window of the campaign item from beginning to end. Some examples of a goal score are >1 when the campaign is running behind schedule and <1 when the campaign is running ahead of schedule.
The scoring information calculated by modules 401-404 is provided to the weight by flexibility module 405. The weight by the flexibility module 405 is any device or system that is operable to generate flexibility information for the campaign items. The flexibility for a campaign item relates to a representation of how much flexibility exists for a campaign item for placement into the content. For example, a highly flexible campaign item may have little or no restrictions as to what times and/or where the campaign item is placed within the content. In contrast, a campaign item with little or no flexibility may be restricted to a few hours per day or to a few days per week. The weight by the flexibility module 405 may calculate a flexibility score for each of the campaign items based on the function of: (number of days/7)*(average hours/24)*(average number of breaks/program break default)*(average number of positions/program position default). In this function, the number of days is the count of unique days of the week the campaign item is eligible for. For example, if a campaign item is eligible to run Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, then the number of unique days is 3. The average hours may be based on the function of: (the sum of the durations of the campaign item/the count item time instances). The “program break default” in the function is a value assigned by a campaign manager that indicates the standard count of breaks in a session. The average number of breaks may be calculated based on the function of: (the sum of eligible breaks for all positions)/(a count of break positions). The eligible breaks are determined for each position as follows. When the break position is pre-roll or post-roll, the break count is 1. When the break position for the campaign item is “any”, then the break count is “program break default”. When the break position is mid-roll and the mid-roll by number is “null”, then the break count is the (“program break default”−2). When the break position is mid-roll and the number is not null, then the break count is 1. The “program position default” in the function is a value assigned by the campaign programmer that indicates the typical or standard count of positions in a break. The average number of positions may be calculated based on the function of: (the sum of eligible positions for all breaks)/(the count of breaks), where the eligible breaks are determined for each break criteria as follows. When the position is first or last, then the break count is 1 for the break criteria. When the position is “any”, then the break count is “program position default” for the break criteria.
After weight by the flexibility module 405 calculates a flexibility score for each of the campaign items, then the priority score, the value score, the strategy score, the goal score, and the flexibility score are provided to a compute rank module 406. The compute rank module 406 is any device or system operable to generate ranking information for the campaign items. The compute ranking module 406 generates a ranking for each of the campaign items based on the function of: ((priority score+value score+strategy score+goal score)/flexibility score). In some cases, one or more campaign items may have a tie ranking. A compute tiebreaker module 407 may utilize a number of other criteria for determining ranking in cases where campaign items are tied. Some examples of the criteria used by the compute tiebreaker module 407 include random assignment (e.g., “coin toss” algorithm), policies regarding preferred campaigns, etc. The ARM 152 then provides the list of campaign items along with their corresponding rankings to the process element 451 of
It should be noted, that the various scores and flexibility may be reconfigured as a matter of preference and that the above equations are merely used as exemplary embodiments. For example, an operator of the headend 102 may intrinsically value certain asset campaigns over others for any number of reasons. Accordingly, the operator of the headend 102 may direct the COD asset insertion decision system 101 to “hard wire” the campaign priority value to a particular value. If the preference of the headend 102 operator were to change, then the operator may direct the COD asset insertion decision system 101 to change the campaign priority value accordingly. This dynamic change capability allows the ARM 152 to provide more flexibility to headends 102 on an as needed basis.
When the time slots for asset placement have been identified in the COD content selected by the CPE 107, the ACRM 153 evaluates the campaign items in rank order (i.e., as ranked by the ARM 152), in the process element 453. The ACRM 153, as an initial part of a loop process through each of the ranked campaign items, determines whether any campaigns remain in the list of ranked campaign items from the ARM 152, in the process element 454. The ACRM 153 then determines whether a particular campaign being evaluated is adhering to brand separation, in the process element 455. For example, some companies prefer that their assets not be placed near assets of a competitor within the same content, COD content or otherwise. To illustrate, the Coca-Cola Company may desire that an asset relating to a Coca-Cola beverage not be placed next to a Pepsi-Cola asset from the Pepsi-Cola Company so as to show individuality of its particular brand. In other words, the brand of the Coca-Cola asset may become diluted when placed next to a Pepsi-Cola asset because the audience may simply equate the two brands as interchangeable cola products. Thus, if a campaign item being evaluated does not adhere to a certain level of brand separation, the ACRM 153 excludes the assets of the campaign item from insertion and searches for another campaign among the ranked list, in the process element 454. If the campaign item does adhere to brand separation, the ACRM 153 starts a loop to evaluate the individual assets in the campaign item, in the process element 457 (F1), by first determining whether any assets remain in the campaign item, in the process element 456. In other words, the ACRM 153 loops through the assets in each campaign item to determine their potential for insertion into the selected COD content. An example of the evaluation of individual assets is illustrated in
Once all of the campaign items at each campaign have been evaluated and no campaigns remain (i.e., process 404) or once all of the placement opportunities have been filled, the ACRM 153 directs the COD 103 to retrieve the assets based on the list generated in the process element 458. For example, the list may be included in a report message that is transferred to the COD 103 to direct the COD 103 to insert the assets into the content selected by the CPE 107. It is possible that all of the assets have been excluded during the processes described herein. Thus, the ACRM 153 may then direct the COD 103 to not place any assets in the content selected by the CPE 107. Alternatively, the auction system 109 may perform an auction on those empty asset opportunities as described above. The ACRM 153 may even direct the COD 103 to place assets from the local database 105 and/or the national database 106 into the selected COD content as desired. The ACRM 153 may also direct the COD 103 to place assets relating to content, programming, or even services provided by the content distributor. For example, if no assets remain, standard programming information, such as time and date, pertaining to the selected COD content may be configured as an asset and placed in the selected COD content. To further illustrate, when an episode of “Modern Family” is selected by a CPE 107 and no assets remain for insertion into the available time slots of that episode, the ACRM 153 may direct the COD 103 to present the user of the CPE 107 with the date and time when the next episode of Modern Family can be seen. However, the invention is not intended to be limited to any particular type of noncommercial asset.
Since is also possible that not all of the assets in the list may be placed as there may be more assets than available opportunities, the ACRM 153 may weight the assets prior to placement in the selected COD content, in the process element 461. For example, certain assets may provide greater value to the content provider (e.g., the television network). In this regard, the ACRM 153 may rank the remaining assets in a manner that provides the most monetary compensation to the content provider. Thus, the ACRM 153 may reduce the list of available assets for insertion to the amount of opportunities, or timeslots, in the selected COD content to provide this value to the content provider. In any case, the ACRM 153 directs the COD 103 to place the assets in the selected COD content based on the ranked list, in the process element 462. Once placement has been directed, the ACRM 153 generates a placement report and transfers that report to the headend 102 so that the headend 102 can track marketing views (e.g., for later negotiations between content distributors and marketers). For example, when a marketer can know how many views of a particular asset there were in a selected COD content, the marketer can assign a value to that asset that may be used in negotiating price for additional views of the asset in future selected COD content.
In
The ACRM 153 may also determine whether a particular asset is of the proper duration, in the process element 503. For example, some timeslots within COD content are only available in 30 second “chunks”. Thus, if the asset under evaluation is only 15 seconds, there would be a period of 15 seconds of unoccupied airtime in the COD content. The ACRM 153, in this regard, may then exclude that asset from insertion into the selected COD content. Alternatively, the ACRM 153 may search for another 15 second asset within the potential assets for insertion alongside the 15 second asset to fully occupy the placement opportunity and prevent missing a placement opportunity in the COD content. The ACRM 153 may also determine whether the asset is the correct video definition for insertion into the COD content, in the process element 504. For example, COD content may vary in terms of definition from selection to selection. Some COD content selections may be of a SD format whereas the assets may be in an HD format. To ensure that the assets can be placed in the selected COD content and played at the same format of the SD COD content selection, the ACRM 153 may exclude those HD formatted assets (and vice versa).
As part of an extension to the exclusion process by the AQM 151, the ACRM 153 may also be configured to communicate with the ADM to determine whether the asset is available at the ADM (process element 505), whether the assets is available in the target window (process element 506), and whether the asset is available in the license window (process element 507). The process element 457 ends (F2) with the placement of the asset in the list for selection in the process element 458 of
The computer readable storage medium 612 can be an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor device. Examples of computer readable storage medium 612 include a solid state memory, a magnetic tape, a removable computer diskette, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), a rigid magnetic disk, and an optical disk. Current examples of optical disks include compact disk-read only memory (CD-ROM), compact disk-read/write (CD-R/W), and DVD.
The processing system 600, being suitable for storing and/or executing the program code, includes at least one processor 602 coupled to memory elements 604 through a system bus 650. Memory elements 604 can include local memory employed during actual execution of the program code, bulk storage, and cache memories that provide temporary storage of at least some program code and/or data in order to reduce the number of times the code and/or data are retrieved from bulk storage during execution.
Input/output (I/O) devices 606 (including but not limited to keyboards, displays, pointing devices, etc.) can be coupled to the processing system 600 either directly or through intervening I/O controllers. Network adapter interfaces 608 may also be coupled to the system to enable the processing system 600 to become coupled to other processing systems or storage devices through intervening private or public networks. Modems, cable modems, IBM Channel attachments, SCSI, Fibre Channel, and Ethernet cards are just a few of the currently available types of network or host interface adapters. Presentation device interface 610 may be coupled to the system to interface to one or more presentation devices, such as printing systems and displays for presentation of presentation data generated by the processor 602.
While the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, such illustration and description is to be considered as exemplary and not restrictive in character. Certain embodiments described hereinabove may be combinable with other described embodiments and/or arranged in other ways. Accordingly, it should be understood that only the preferred embodiment and variants thereof have been shown and described and that all changes and modifications that come within the spirit of the invention are desired to be protected.
Additionally, although the term “headend” generally suggests the distribution center or office of a cable television operator or MSO, the term is not intended to be so limited. The term headend as used herein is any system operable to deliver content to a viewer (e.g., a customer or user of the CPE). For example, the term headend may encompass internet servers delivering COD content when selected by a user from a device, such as a computer, a tablet, or a mobile phone. A headend may also refer to a telecom provider that distributes content to mobile phones and other devices. Also, the term “asset”, as used herein, includes any type of media for which an owner desires promotion. Examples of such include traditional television commercials, advertisements, streaming video commercials, promotional materials, marketing information, and the like. The term “content”, as used herein, is any type of media, such as audio and/or video, in which assets may be inserted. For example, the content operable within the COD delivery systems described herein may be streamed Internet audio/video, analog cable television feeds, digital cable television feeds, digital satellite television feeds, or digital satellite radio feeds. Thus, the content of the COD described herein is intended to encompass Video on Demand (VOD) found in modern cable television as well as pay-per-view (PPV) delivered by both modern cable television and satellite television.
This patent application is a continuation patent application of Ser. No. 14/316,027 (filed Jun. 26, 2018), which is a continuation in part patent application claiming priority to commonly owned and co-pending patent application Ser. No. 13/628,324, 13/628,360, 13/628,381, 13/628,477, and 13/628,469 (each having a filing date of Sep. 27, 2012), the entire contents of each of which are incorporated by reference. This patent application is also related to commonly owned and co-pending patent application Ser. No. 14/102,265 and 14/102,291 (filed Dec. 10, 2013), the entire contents of each of which are also incorporated by reference. This patent application is also related to commonly owned and co-pending patent application Ser. No. 14/315,963 (filed Jun. 26, 2014), the entire contents of which are also incorporated by reference.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 14316027 | Jun 2014 | US |
| Child | 16002771 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 13628324 | Sep 2012 | US |
| Child | 14316027 | US | |
| Parent | 13628360 | Sep 2012 | US |
| Child | 13628324 | US | |
| Parent | 13628381 | Sep 2012 | US |
| Child | 13628360 | US | |
| Parent | 13628477 | Sep 2012 | US |
| Child | 13628381 | US | |
| Parent | 13628469 | Sep 2012 | US |
| Child | 13628477 | US |
