Patent Grant
11291789
Patients with respiratory ailments may be treated with respiratory assist devices, for example, devices that deliver supplemental breathing gas to a patient. Such devices may deliver gas to a patient using high flow therapy (“HFT”). HFT devices deliver a high flow rate of breathing gas to a patient via an interface such as a nasal cannula to increase a patient's fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2), decrease a patient's work of breathing, or to do both. Nasal cannulae are commonly used in acute short-term therapy and in therapy for chronic issues.
Nasal cannulae generally have a single geometry for the insertion angle of the nasal prongs into a patient's nares. However, amongst a population of patients there is variability in the anatomy of the nares, nasal cavity and facial structures surrounding the nares. Furthermore, nasal cannulae often provide only one directional mode and can be difficult to affix on a patient in alternative orientations. As a result, in some patients, the nasal prongs of a nasal cannula abut sensitive tissues within the nasal cavity and the stream of breathing gas is directed into the tissues rather than into the nasal passageways, diminishing the effects of treatment and causing irritation of sensitive tissues or structures and mucous membranes. Improper positioning of nasal prongs within the nares of a patient can result in inadequate upper airway flush and reduce effectiveness of respiratory therapies. To fit nasal prongs to a patient, sometimes nasal cannula prongs are cut with a scissors in medical environments to change the size, length, and/or angle of the prongs, but this often leaves the prongs with sharp edges that can further irritate or damage sensitive tissues within the nasal cavity. Furthermore, nasal cannulae used for respiratory therapies may need to be removed in order to clean secretions around a nare, unblock an occluded nare or administer other medical therapies which require access to a patient's nare. Removal of the nasal cannula prongs from the nare stops the respiratory therapy.
Using current methods of restraining and orienting gas supply tubing for use with nasal cannulae, patient movement and adjustments to the gas supply tubes can cause rubbing and skin irritation and can lead to misalignment or poor orientation of the nasal prongs within the nares. In some instances, movement of a gas supply tube can cause jostling of the nasal cannula leading to the nasal prongs being poorly oriented in the nares and causing irritation and loss of efficiency of respiratory therapy. In other instances, movement of the nasal cannula, for example, due to a patient talking, eating or otherwise moving, causes motion of the gas supply tubes which may rub on or around the patient's ears also causing irritation and potential damage. In many instances, and in particular for pediatric patients and neonates receiving respiratory therapies, patients depend on the respiratory therapy to maintain proper oxygen and ventilation status. Therapy is often effective as long as the nasal prongs remain properly positioned within the nares. Methods of affixing gas supply tubes to maintain a proper orientation of the prongs, including medical tape and polymeric wound adhesives, are often difficult to remove or replace, inadequately affix the tubing and cause irritation or damage to a patient's skin.
Trauma from the nasal cannula can occur during long-term therapies (e.g., periods greater than seven days of continuous use) and may include the development of medical device-related pressure ulcers (MDRPU). The gas supply tubing may be pliable and soft when not pressurized, but may become distended under internal pressure and warm due to the passage of heated gas through the tubing. The rubbing of the hard tubing around the ears may lead to vascular compression of the dermal capillary bed as well as abrasive surface trauma. The warmth of the tubing may cause sweating and exacerbate the irritation and skin breakdown. If worn too tightly, over long periods, the supply tubing can cause undue pressure and friction about the ears and at other points of contact with a patient's skin. In some cases, rubbing of the supply tubing over the ear may lead to the development of pressure ulcers in the posterior ear and temporomastoid area behind the ear and along the path of the nasal cannula gas supply tubing.
Accordingly, disclosed herein are systems, methods, and devices providing enhanced patient comfort in systems relating to nasal cannulae for respiratory therapy. For example, a nasal cannula with rotatably adjustable prongs is described below that allows a patient or health care professional to rotate the prong to ensure heated and humidified breathing gas is directed from the outlet of the nasal prong and into the nasal passageway rather than into the mucosa. Rotatable prongs also allow a health care professional to rotate one or both prongs out of the nare to rest the nare, clean secretions around the nare and/or access the nare for an alternate purpose. In particular, for infant nasal cannulae, the ability to rotate one or both prongs out of the nares allows a health care professional to insert a feeding tube into one of the nares while continuing respiratory therapy at the other nare.
Additionally or alternatively, a nasal cannula with a stable orientation below the nares, which simultaneously allows rotational relief of the prongs within the nares, allows the nasal cannula to be fit to the anatomies of a variety of patients and increases the comfort of patients in both short and long-term therapies. A nasal cannula assembly with the capability of rotational nasal prong adjustment in the nares prevents tissue irritation and abrasion of nasal passageways caused by direct contact of the nasal prong against sensitive tissues in the nare and nasal cavity. The rotational adjustment of the prongs also directs gas flow into the nasal passageway and away from sensitive tissue.
In another example, nasal cannulae with adjustable distance between the nasal prongs are described. The adjustable distance between the prongs allows the nasal cannula to be fit to a variety of patient sizes and anatomies with minimal irritation to sensitive tissues in the nasal passage. Furthermore, adjustment of the distance between prongs allows a health care professional to position the prongs in the center of the nare to optimize the flow of breathing gas into the nasal passageway for optimal upper airway flush.
In another example, a variety of fastening mechanisms for affixing gas supply tubes and a nasal cannula on a patient are described. A swivel connector that does not transfer torque from the gas supply tubes to the nasal cannula is described. A tubing guide is described, which affixes a gas supply tube to a patient's skin with a removable adhesive pad. The tubing guide is configured such that the gas supply tube may be removed from the tubing guide and the gas supply tube will have the proper orientation upon replacement. A slidable connector is described for retaining two gas supply tubes below a patient's chin without kinking.
Various strap systems are also described, which hold the nasal cannula in a proper position on a patient's face to ensure efficient delivery of respiratory therapy into the patient's nares. Simultaneously, the strap systems prevent chafing, irritation, and ulceration of the sensitive skin on and around the ears by holding the gas supply tubes away from the ears or otherwise protecting the ears. Gas supply tubes become hard when they are pressurized by the passage of breathing gas through them, and may be warm, causing sweating and leading to faster breakdown of the skin where the tubes rub against bony protrusions around the ears. Preventing the rubbing of gas supply tubes against the ears increases patient comfort and decreases risk of developing an MDRPU, while ensuring that the nasal cannula is secured to the patient for delivery of respiratory therapy.
In one aspect, a nasal cannula for respiratory therapy includes a first gas supply tube with a distal end terminating in a first connector, and a nasal cannula body that includes a first end rotatably coupled to the first connector, a second end opposite the first end, a longitudinal axis extending from the first end to the second end, and a first nasal prong in fluid communication with the first gas supply tube. The first nasal prong is rotatable relative to the first gas supply tube about the longitudinal axis of the nasal cannula body.
The means for the rotatable coupling may vary. For example, in some implementations, the rotatable coupling between the first end of the nasal cannula body and the first connector is a bearing. In some implementations, the rotatable coupling between the first end of the nasal cannula body and the first connector is a journal bearing. Furthermore, the journal bearing may provide varying amounts of static frictional torque. For example, in some implementations, the journal bearing has sufficient static frictional torque to maintain a rotational position of the first nasal prong relative to the first gas supply tube. In some implementations, the journal bearing has a frictional torque of about 0.1 Nm to 1 Nm. Additionally or alternatively, in some implementations, the journal bearing has an internal surface contoured such that the journal bearing has intermittent rotational stops. Additionally or alternatively, in some implementations, the nasal cannula also includes a lock configured to lock a rotational position of the first nasal prong relative to the first gas supply tube.
The number of nasal prongs extending from the nasal cannula may vary. For example, in some implementations, the nasal cannula body may include a second nasal prong, in addition to a first nasal prong. Furthermore, the second nasal prong may be rotatable. For example, in some implementations, the second nasal prong is rotatable relative to the first gas supply tube about the longitudinal axis of the nasal cannula body. In some implementations, the first prong is rotatable relative to the second nasal prong about the longitudinal axis of the nasal cannula body. Additionally or alternatively, the location and/or arrangement of the nasal prongs may vary. For example, in some implementations, the nasal cannula body includes a first section and a second section disposed adjacently along the longitudinal axis of the nasal cannula body, and the first nasal prong is disposed on the first section and the second nasal prong is disposed on the second section. In some implementations, the first section and the second section are coupled by a journal bearing, and the first section is rotatable about the longitudinal axis of the nasal cannula body relative to the second section.
The number and/or arrangement of gas supply tubes may vary. For example, in some implementations, the nasal cannula includes a second gas supply tube with a distal end that terminates in a second connector, and the second end of the nasal cannula body is rotatably coupled to the second connector. In some implementations, the second nasal prong is in fluid communication with the second gas supply tube. In other implementations, the first nasal prong is not in fluid communication with the second prong. In some implementations, the first nasal prong and the second nasal prong are joined by a solid bridge connector. Additionally or alternatively, in some implementations, the nasal cannula body is detachable from the first supply tube.
The arrangement of and/or distance between the nasal prongs may vary. In some implementations, the nasal cannula body includes a surface contoured to provide a discrete number of stable axial positions of the first nasal prong. Additionally or alternatively, in some implementations, an axial distance between the first nasal prong and the second nasal prong along the longitudinal axis of the nasal cannula body is adjustable. In some implementations, the first nasal prong is axially slidable along the longitudinal axis of the nasal cannula body relative to the second nasal prong.
The flow rate of the breathing gas in the nasal cannula may vary. In some implementations, the nasal cannula includes a gas source wherein the gas source is configured to provide breathing gas at a flow rate of over 8 liters per minute (LPM) (e.g., 10 LPM, 15 LPM, etc.). Additionally or alternatively, the nasal cannula may work with various components for delivering the breathing gas to the patient. For example, in some implementations, the first connector includes a first section sized to receive the first gas supply tube and a second section sized for insertion into the first end of the nasal cannula body. The first section is coupled to the second section at a bearing, and the second section is configured to swivel relative to the first section. Additionally or alternatively, in some implementations, the nasal cannula includes a slidable connector that has a body, a first opening sized to receive two supply tubes, a second opening sized to receive a single supply tube, a third opening sized to receive a single supply tube, and a wedge disposed between the second and third openings. The first gas supply tube passes through the first and second openings, and the second gas supply tube extends through the first and third openings. The second and third openings are offset such that the first and second gas supply tubes diverge in exiting the second and third openings. Additionally or alternatively, in some implementations, the nasal cannula has a tubing guide with a flexible body and a guide connector coupled to a first side of the flexible body. The guide connector has a first opening and a second opening opposite the first opening, each sized to receive a gas supply tube. The first gas supply tube passes through the first opening and the second opening, and the flexible body includes a second side coated in a biocompatible adhesive. In some implementations, the nasal cannula includes an elastomeric loop having a connector detachably coupled to a gas supply tube. The connector is coupled non-fluidically to the first gas supply tube, and the elastomeric loop is sized to hang over an ear.
In another aspect, a kit for a high flow therapy system includes a nasal cannula. The nasal cannula includes a nasal cannula body and a first gas supply tube that has a distal end terminating in a first connector. The nasal cannula body also includes a first end rotatably coupled to the first connector, a second end opposite the first end, a longitudinal axis extending from the first end to the second end, and a first nasal prong in fluid communication with the first gas supply. The first nasal prong is rotatable relative to the first gas supply tube about the longitudinal axis of the nasal cannula body.
The means for the rotatable coupling may vary. For example, in some implementations, the rotatable coupling between the first end of the nasal cannula body and the first connector is a bearing. In some implementations, the rotatable coupling between the first end of the nasal cannula body and the first connector is a journal bearing. The journal bearing may provide varying amounts of static frictional torque. For example, in some implementations, the journal bearing has sufficient static frictional torque to maintain a rotational position of the first nasal prong relative to the first gas supply tube. In certain implementations, the journal bearing has a frictional torque of about 0.1 Nm to 1 Nm. Additionally or alternatively, the journal bearing has an internal surface contoured such that the journal bearing has intermittent rotational stops.
A variety of fastening mechanisms may be provided with the kit or used with the kit to comfortably secure the nasal cannula and supply tubes on a patient. For example, in some implementations, the kit includes a fastening mechanism that is configured to secure the nasal cannula and the first gas supply tube on a patient during use. In some implementations, the fastening mechanism includes a fabric encasement sized to cover a length of the first gas supply tube that extends over a patient's ear. Additionally or alternatively, in some implementations, the fabric encasement includes a wire structure within the fabric disposed circumferentially around the length of the first gas supply tube that extends over a patient's ear. The wire structure is configured to hold the length of the first gas supply tube away from the patient's ear. The fabric comprising the fabric encasement may vary. For example, in some implementations, the fabric encasement is a wicking fabric and a low-friction fabric. In other implementations, the fabric encasement is a silicone encasement sized to cover a length of the first gas supply tube that extends over a patient's ear.
Additionally or alternatively, in some implementations, the fastening mechanism comprises a strap sized to extend around a backside of a patient's head. The strap has a first end and a second end, the first end of the strap coupled to the first gas supply tube above a first ear of the patient and the second end of the strap coupled to a second gas supply tube above a second ear of the patient. The first gas supply tube and the second gas supply tube are secured above the first ear and above the second ear. Additionally, or alternatively, in some implementations, the strap is coupled to the first gas supply tube by an adjustable securing mechanism at the first end of the strap. In some implementations, the first end of the strap comprises a raised section having a groove around the edge of the raised section sized to receive the first gas supply tube.
Additionally, or alternatively, in some implementations, the fastening mechanism includes a band configured to be coupled to the first gas supply tube above the first ear of the patient and to be coupled to the second gas supply tube above the second ear of the patient. The band is sized to extend over a top of the patient's head. In some implementations, the strap is coupled to the band.
Additionally or alternatively, in some implementations, the fastening mechanism comprises an elastomeric loop having a connector detachably coupled to the first gas supply tube. The connector is coupled non-fluidically to the first gas supply tube and the elastomeric loop is sized to hang over an ear. In some implementations, the elastomeric loop is configured to be coupled to the first gas supply tube at a coupler configured to be positioned at a bottom point of the elastomeric loop. Furthermore, the elastomeric loop may be covered to provide additional comfort or support to the ear. For example, in some implementations, the elastomeric loop includes a loop encasement covering the elastomeric loop and configured to be disposed between the ear loop and the patient's ear. In some implementations, the loop encasement includes a fluid-filled cushion or foam.
Additionally or alternatively, in some implementations, the fastening mechanism has a tubing guide with a flexible body and a guide connector coupled to a first side of the flexible body. The guide connector has a first opening and a second opening opposite the first opening, each sized to receive a gas supply tube. The first gas supply tube passes through the first opening and the second opening, and the flexible body includes a second side coated in a biocompatible adhesive. Additionally or alternatively, in some implementations, the first gas supply tube includes a first lumen configured to receive the breathing gas and a second lumen encompassing the first lumen configured to receive cooled gas. In some implementations, a second gas supply tube is coupled to the second end of the nasal cannula body.
Additionally or alternatively, the nasal cannula may work with various components for delivering the breathing gas to the patient. For example, in some implementations, the kit includes a slidable connector that has a body, a first opening sized to receive two supply tubes, a second opening sized to receive a single supply tube, a third opening sized to receive a single supply tube, and a wedge disposed between the second and third openings. The first gas supply passes through the first and second openings and the second gas supply tube extending through the first and third openings. The second and third openings are offset such that the first and second gas supply tubes diverge exiting the second and third openings. Additionally or alternatively, in some implementations, the first connector includes a first section sized to receive the first gas supply tube and a second section sized for insertion into the first end of the nasal cannula body. The first section is coupled to the second section at a bearing and the second section is configured to swivel relative to the first section. In some implementations, the connector is configured to allow the second section 360° of rotation relative to the first section. The flow rate of the breathing gas in the nasal cannula may vary. In some implementations, the kit includes a gas source configured to provide breathing gas at a flow rate of over 8 LPM (e.g., 10 LPM, 15 LPM, etc.). In other implementations, the gas source is configured to provide breathing gas at a flow rate of over 20 LPM (e.g., 22 LPM, 25 LPM, 27 LPM, etc.).
The disclosed features may be implemented, in any combination and subcombination (including multiple dependent combinations and subcombinations), with one or more other features described herein. The various features described or illustrated above, including any components thereof, may be combined or integrated in other systems. Moreover, certain features may be omitted or not implemented.
The foregoing and other objects and advantages will be apparent upon consideration of the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters refer to like parts throughout, and in which:
To provide an overall understanding of the systems, methods, and devices described herein, certain illustrative embodiments will be described. Although the embodiments and features described herein are specifically described for use in connection with a high flow therapy system, it will be understood that all the components and other features outlined below may be combined with one another in any suitable manner and may be adapted and applied to other types of respiratory therapy and respiratory therapy devices, including low flow oxygen therapy, continuous positive airway pressure therapy (CPAP), mechanical ventilation, oxygen masks, Venturi masks, and Tracheostomy masks. Furthermore, it should be noted that while certain embodiments are discussed herein within regards to increasing a patient's comfort through varying means (e.g., nasal cannula prong arrangement, fastening mechanism, etc.), these various embodiments may be used in various combinations to increase a patient's overall level of comfort during treatment.
The systems and devices described herein increase patient comfort during respiratory therapies by ensuring a good fit between the patient's anatomy and the nasal cannula prongs while protecting sensitive tissues from irritation. Devices that allow adjustment of prong orientation within the nares allow proper delivery of respiratory therapy into the nasal cavity and optimize flushing of the upper respiratory tract. Ill-fitting nasal prongs can irritate sensitive tissues within the nare and can direct breathing gas into these tissues and mucosa, causing discomfort as well as decreasing the efficacy of therapies. By allowing a user to adjust the orientation of the nasal prongs within the nares with rotatable prongs and/or adjustment of the distance between nasal prongs, the nasal prongs may be properly positioned to provide comfortable therapy to the patient.
Devices that affix the nasal cannula on the patient's face include fastening mechanisms that hold the gas supply tubes away from a patient's ears. Warm or pressurized gas supply tubes that are looped over the ears can cause irritation and ulceration of the sensitive tissues and bony protrusions about the ear. By securing the gas supply tubes away from the ears, the nasal cannula and gas supply tubes are secured in position on the patient's face without causing irritation to the ears. Devices that retain the gas supply tubes from interfering or irritating the patient also increase patient comfort and ensure that the nasal cannula remains properly positioned for delivery of respiratory therapy.
While first nasal prong 114 is shown as extending straight up from a surface of nasal cannula body 104, first nasal prong 114 may be curved such that first nasal prong 114 extends into a nare of a patient when nasal cannula 100 is in use. First nasal prong 114 may be oriented on nasal cannula body 104 such that first nasal prong 114 extends into the right nare or the left nare of a patient. First nasal prong 114 on nasal cannula body 104 is rotatable relative to first gas supply tube 102 in direction 116 such that first nasal prong 114 can be rotated within the nare of a patient to achieve a comfortable fit. First nasal prong 114 can also be rotated out of the nare of a patient in order to rest the nare during or between therapy sessions, to allow a patient or health care professional to clean the nare or tissues surrounding the nare, or to administer additional therapies at the nare. Nasal cannula body 104 rotates at first connector 110 to allow the rotation of first nasal prong 114 with respect to first gas supply tube 102. First nasal prong 114 is rotatably adjustable in either rotational direction about longitudinal axis 112 of nasal cannula body 104, such that first nasal prong 114 can be adjusted inward or outward from the face by a user to allow reorientation of first nasal prong 114. Reorientation of first nasal prong 114 may improve the flow of breathing gas within the nasal cavity and decrease irritation to sensitive tissues with more control over directionality of breathing gas flow.
First nasal prong 114 is rotatable with application of sufficient force to effect rotation. Without the application of a deliberate rotational force, first nasal prong 114 remains stationary in position with respect to first gas supply tube 102. The requirement of a deliberate force for rotation of first nasal prong 114 prevents accidental rotational slippage that would alter the orientation of first nasal prong 114 in the nare and potentially diminish effectiveness of the therapy or increase the irritation of tissues if first nasal prong 114 is misaligned due to slipping. First connector 110 and nasal cannula body 104 may be coupled at a junction with adequate material friction to prevent slippage. First connector 110 may be coupled to nasal cannula body 104 by a bearing, which, for example, allows the nasal cannula body 104 to rotate freely about its longitudinal axis 112. In some implementations, the coupling between first connector 110 and nasal cannula body 104 is a journal bearing. In some implementations, the journal bearing has sufficient static frictional torque to maintain the rotational position of first nasal prong 114 relative to first gas supply tube 102. The journal bearing may have a frictional torque of about 0.1 Nm to 1 Nm. In some implementations, the journal bearing has a frictional torque of 0.05 Nm, 0.1 Nm, 0.2 Nm, 0.3 Nm, 0.4 Nm, 0.5 Nm, 0.6 Nm, 0.7 Nm, 0.8 Nm, 0.9 Nm, 1 Nm, 1.2 Nm, 1.5 Nm, 2 Nm, or any other suitable frictional torque. In some implementations, the coupling between first connector 110 and first nasal prong 114 has a surface with contours that allow a series of intermittent rotational stops such that the first nasal prong 114 can be rotated into discreet positions relative to first gas supply tube 102. In some implementations, the coupling between first connector 110 and first nasal prong 114 is barbed. In other implementations, the coupling between first connector 110 and first nasal prong 114 is smooth to allow continuous rotational adjustment of first nasal prong 114 with respect to first gas supply tube 102. In some implementations, nasal cannula body 104 may include a locking mechanism for locking of first nasal prong 114 in a rotational position relative to first gas supply tube 102.
In some implementations, nasal cannula body 104 includes a patient-facing portion (i.e., a section of nasal cannula body 104 that is directly adjacent to a patient) that is fit to a patient anatomy. The patient-fitted portion of nasal cannula body 104 provides stability to the nasal cannula 100 while on the face of a patient. In some embodiments, the patient-fitted portion is a flattened section of plastic or other material fitted to the surface of a patient's face below the nares above the patient's upper lip and incorporating the philtrum. The additional stability of the nasal cannula body 104 increases patient comfort and prevents slippage of the nasal cannula body 104 during use.
In some implementations, first nasal prong 114 is removable from nasal cannula body 104. In such implementations, first nasal prong 114 is manufactured in a variety of sizes, diameters, lengths or angles and can be chosen based on patient anatomy and placed on nasal cannula body 104. A replaceable first nasal prong 114 allows the prong to be chosen to fit the patient and decreases irritation of nasal passages that occurs with ill-fitting or too big nasal prongs. In particular, when nasal cannula 100 is used with HFT systems, ill-fitting nasal prongs may direct heated breathing gas into the nasal tissue and cause irritation or pressure trauma to internal nasal tissues and mucosa during extended use. Rotatably adjustable and replaceable nasal prongs provide flexibility of use and increased patient comfort during use of nasal cannulae.
While
First nasal prong 214 and second nasal prong 218 rotate as a unit about longitudinal axis 212 of nasal cannula body 204, allowing the position of first nasal prong 214 and second nasal prong 218 to be adjusted within the nares of a patient. The rotational adjustability of first nasal prong 214 and second nasal prong 218 allows a user to position first nasal prong 214 and second nasal prong 218 such that breathing gas flows through first gas supply tube 202, second gas supply tube 228, and nasal cannula body 204 to exit through first outlet 220 of first nasal prong 214 and second outlet 222 of second nasal prong 218 into the nasal passageway rather than toward sensitive tissues of the nare. The directional adjustment of the breathing gas flow by rotation of first nasal prong 214 and second nasal prong 218 increases efficiency of treatment and increases patient comfort by limiting irritation that can arise from poorly positioned prongs. In particular, during HFT sessions, nasal prongs that are directed toward a sensitive tissue or structure in the nasal cavity can cause pressure trauma to the tissue when heated and pressurized breathing gas is directed at these tissues.
Rotational adjustability of first nasal prong 214 and second nasal prong 218 further allows a user to remove first nasal prong 214 and second nasal prong 218 from the nares in order to clean or rest the nares or to deliver other therapies without removal of the nasal cannula body 204 from the patient's face. Restraining straps (not shown) for first gas supply tube 202 and second gas supply tube 228 that hold the nasal cannula 200 on a patient's face do not need to be removed to allow access to the nares.
First nasal prong 214 and second nasal prong 218 are rotatable about longitudinal axis 212 of nasal cannula body 204 with application of sufficient force to effect rotation, and first nasal prong 214 and second nasal prong 218 remain stationary with respect to first gas supply tube 202 and second gas supply tube 228 in the absence of deliberate rotational force. Thus, first nasal prong 214 and second nasal prong 218 do not slip from position during use. First connector 210 and second connector 230 may be coupled to first end 206 and second end 208 of nasal cannula body 204, respectively, at a junction with adequate material friction to prevent slippage. First connector 210 and second connector 230 may be coupled to nasal cannula body 204 by bearings. In some implementations, the coupling between first connector 210 and nasal cannula body 204, and between second connector 230 and nasal cannula body 204 is a journal bearing. In some implementations, the journal bearing has a frictional torque of about 0.1 Nm to 1 Nm. In some implementations, the journal bearing has a frictional torque of 0.05 Nm, 0.1 Nm, 0.2 Nm, 0.3 Nm, 0.4 Nm, 0.5 Nm, 0.6 Nm, 0.7 Nm, 0.8 Nm, 0.9 Nm, 1 Nm, 1.2 Nm, 1.5 Nm, 2 Nm, or any other suitable frictional torque. In some implementations, one or both of first connector 210 and second connector 230 includes position lock 224 to lock the first nasal prong 214 and second nasal prong 218 in a rotational position relative to first gas supply tube 202 and second gas supply tube 228. In some implementations, one or both of first connector 210 and second connector 230 include contours that allow first nasal prong 214 and second nasal prong 218 to rotate to discreet intermittent rotational positions. In some implementations, one or both of first connector 210 and second connector 230 have smooth surfaces to allow a continuous rotation of first nasal prong 214 and second nasal prong 218 about longitudinal axis 212 of nasal cannula body 204 with respect to first gas supply tube 202 and second gas supply tube 228.
While nasal cannula 200 shows a nasal cannula having a first nasal prong and a second nasal prong, in some embodiments nasal cannula 200 may include a third nasal prong for delivery of aerosolized medicament or other treatment. Third nasal prong (not shown) may be positioned in or on either of first nasal prong 214 or second nasal prong 218. In some implementations, first nasal prong 214 and second nasal prong 218 are in fluid communication with first gas supply tube 202 and first gas supply tube 202 supplies heated and humidified breathing gas to first outlet 220 and second outlet 222 for administration of HFT, while third nasal prong is in fluid communication with second gas supply tube 228, which supplies aerosolized medicament to a third outlet on third nasal prong. In such implementations, third nasal prong is rotatable with first nasal prong 214 and second nasal prong 218 about longitudinal axis 212 of nasal cannula body 204.
Nasal cannula 200 of
First section 334, including first nasal prong 314, is rotatable about longitudinal axis 312 with respect to a position of second section 336, including second nasal prong 318. In some implementations, first nasal prong 314 and second nasal prong 318 are in fluid communication with each other. First section 334 and second section 336 are joined at cannula bearing 338, allowing independent rotation of first nasal prong 314 on first section 334 and second nasal prong 318 on second section 336. Cannula bearing 338 may be a journal bearing. Independent rotational adjustment of first nasal prong 314 and second nasal prong 318 allows a user to independently position first nasal prong 314 and second nasal prong 318 within the nares of a patient to account for non-symmetrical anatomy of the nasal cavity and structures. Additionally, independent rotational adjustment of first nasal prong 314 and second nasal prong 318 allows a user to rotate first nasal prong 314 out of the nare while leaving second nasal prong 318 directed into the nare so that therapy can continue at one nare while the other nare is rested or cleaned or while additional therapies are administered at the other nare.
In some implementations, first section 334 and second section 336 are not in fluid communication, but rather are divided by separating wall 332. In such implementations, first section 334 and second section 336 are rotatable relative to each other and relative to a position of one or both of first gas supply tube 302 and second gas supply tube 328. Fluid separation of first section 334 and second section 336 allows for administration of different therapies through the first nasal prong 314 and second nasal prong 318. Furthermore, the fluid separation of first section 334 and second section 336 may decrease noise associated with the administration of breathing gas through the nasal cannula 300. Manufacture of first section 334 and second section 336 as separate pieces, which are joined at a separating wall 332, does not require additional seals about the rotatable connection between first section 334 and second section 336.
In some implementations, a nasal cannula body includes a rotating portion on which nasal prongs are located and a non-rotating portion.
Rotational adjustment of first nasal prong 514 and second nasal prong 518 on rotating prong element 537 inserted into nasal cannula body 504 allows for adjustment of nasal prong positioning within the nare of a patient while maintaining a stable connection with the patient's face via solid bridge 542 of nasal cannula body 504. Nasal cannula body 504 does not slip or move while first nasal prong 514 and second nasal prong 518 are rotated on rotating prong element 537 to position in the nares or to remove from the nares for cleaning or resting of the nares or for administration of other therapies. The ability to adjust the position of first nasal prong 514 and second nasal prong 518 in a patient's nares without moving the nasal cannula body 504 improves patient comfort by allowing control of breathing gas directionality to protect sensitive tissues. Further, nasal prongs that are adjusted to fit the patient minimizes the need for multiple readjustments of the nasal cannula 500 or first gas supply tube 502 and second gas supply tube 528 during treatment. Movement of gas supply tubes can cause irritation about the ears, and repetitive adjustments during administration of therapies can lead to patient discomfort and development of pressure ulcers. A rotating first nasal prong 514 and second nasal prong 518 on rotating prong element 537 while solid bridge 542 remains in contact with a patient's face for stability decreases the need for readjustment of supply tubes.
In some implementations, nasal cannula 500 is constructed as a quiet nasal cannula in that first nasal prong 514 is in fluid communication with first gas supply tube 502 through first end 506 of nasal cannula body 504 and first open end 546, but first nasal prong 514 is not in fluid communication with second nasal prong 518. In such implementations, first nasal prong 514 and second nasal prong 518 are connected at a separating wall (such as separating wall 332 in
While nasal cannula 100, 200, 300, and 500 in
Nasal cannula 600 can be manufactured in three pieces, comprising first prong assembly 621, second prong assembly 623 and lock 658. Distance d between first nasal prong 614 and second nasal prong 618 can be repeatedly adjusted and distance d is easy to adjust by pulling or pushing on first finger tab 631 and second finger tab 633 on a non-patient facing side of nasal cannula 600. Precise adjustment of distance d between first nasal prong 614 and second nasal prong 618 is possible, allowing for precise placement of first nasal prong 614 and second nasal prong 618 within the nares of a patient for optimal efficiency of treatment and minimal irritation caused by ill-fitting or misaligned prongs.
As shown in
First prong assembly 721 is configured to allow rotation in a direction 716 about longitudinal axis 712. First prong assembly 721 may be coupled to first connector 710 by a bearing, such as a journal bearing allowing continuous or ratcheted rotation. Second prong assembly 723 is configured to allow rotation in direction 716 about longitudinal axis 712. Second prong assembly 723 may be coupled to second connector 730 by a bearing that may be a journal bearing allowing either continuous or intermittent rotation as well. Simultaneous control over rotational adjustment and the distance between first nasal prong 714 and second nasal prong 818 allows a user to precisely adjust the fit of nasal cannula 700 to a particular patient. Precise fitting of the nasal prongs to a patient reduces irritation due to nasal prongs contacting surfaces and tissues within the nares and increases the efficiency of respiratory therapy by directing the flow of breathing gas into the nasal passageway for optimal flushing of the upper respiratory tract. Furthermore, nasal cannula 700 includes first nasal prong 714 and second nasal prong 718 that are not in fluid communication, decreasing the noise associated with breathing gas flows meeting proximal to the patient.
In some implementations, the coupling between the first connector 810 and the first end 806 of the nasal cannula body 804, and the second connector 830 and the second end 808 of the nasal cannula body 804 allow the nasal cannula body 804 to rotate in direction 816 about longitudinal axis 812 with respect to the first gas supply tube 802 and second gas supply tube 828 respectively. This allows the distance between the prongs to be adjusted, as well as rotational adjustments of the position of the prongs within the nare, permitting optimization of the prong orientation in the nares of a patient. As a result, airway flush may be optimized and irritation due to nasal prongs or breathing gas contacting the sensitive tissues in the nare can be lessened.
The rotational and swivel motions of second portion 968 within first portion 966 allow nasal cannula body 904 to accommodate movement and torque on the first gas supply tube 902 with minimal motion of nasal cannula body. In some implementations, second portion 968 is capable of 360 degree, bidirectional motion. In some implementations, the allowed movement of second portion 968 describes a hemisphere. In some implementations, bearing 967 is incorporated into nasal cannula body 904 rather than on first gas supply tube 902 side. Movement of first gas supply tube 902 between the patient and the breathing gas supply is accommodated by the swivel movement of second portion 968 on bearing 967 such that nasal cannula body 904 is not jostled by movement of first gas supply tube 902. Likewise, movement of nasal cannula body 904 due to a patient talking, moving or eating, for example, does not translate to motion of first gas supply tube 902. Minimization of movement of first gas supply tube 902 decreases the occurrence of patient injury and irritation due to rubbing of the first gas supply tube 902 on patient skin. In particular, when first gas supply tube 902 is used for delivery of heated and humidified breathing gas for HFT, minimization of rubbing is critical to patient comfort as heated and pressurized supply tubes may cause pressure ulcers where they rub on a patient's skin.
Tubing guide fastener 1075 is configured to hold a first gas supply tube 1002 in a position on a patient, for example, on a patient's cheek, to ensure that first nasal prong 1014 remains in an optimized position within nare 1048. In some implementations, two tubing guide fasteners 1075 may be used to affix gas supply tubes to each of a patient's cheek. In some implementations, guide connector 1078 may be sized for small-bore tubing (e.g., NG tubing, IV tubing, umbilical catheters) or wide-bore patient tubing. In some implementations, guide connector 1078 runs straight across flexible body 1076. In other implementations, guide connector 1078 is curved across the surface of flexible body 1076. In some implementations, guide connector 1078 forms almost a complete circular cross-section. In some implementations, guide connector 1078 is sticky on an interior surface or otherwise grips first gas supply tube 1002 to avoid inadvertent movement of first gas supply tube 1002. In other implementations, guide connector 1078 is able to slide along and/or rotate around first gas supply tube 1002.
In some implementations, flexible body 1076 may be constructed from a single piece of plastic or silicone. In some implementations, adhesive bottom 1077 comprises a small hydrogel hydro-colloidal adhesive. Adhesive bottom 1077 is biocompatible and removable with minimal irritation or residue. In some implementations, tubing guide fastener 1075 is configured for use on a patient's cheek, nose or any other facial geometry. Tubing guide fastener 1075 not only provides a mechanism for affixation of first gas supply tube 1002 to the skin, but also allows a user to orient first gas supply tube for optimal placement of first nasal prong 1014 in nare 1048. Slit 1080 permits introduction and removal of first gas supply tube 1002, and, upon reintroduction of first gas supply tube 1002 to slit 1080 in guide connector 1078, first gas supply tube 1002 is immediately returned to proper orientation. Tubing guide fastener 1075 may be used with any respiratory therapy. Tubing guide fastener 1075 may be particularly useful for retaining gas supply tubing used for delivery of HFT, because correct positioning of nasal prongs in the nares is important to provide optimum flushing of the upper respiratory tract.
Slidable connector 1285 retains first gas supply tube 1202 and second gas supply tube 1228 and is slidable along first gas supply tube 1202 and second gas supply tube 1228 in order to temporarily shorten or lengthen a look of gas supply tubing around a patient's ears for securing the nasal cannula to the patient's face. The angle 1296 at which first gas supply tube 1202 and second gas supply tube 1228 exit slidable connector 1285 prevents kinking of first gas supply tube 1202 and second gas supply tube 1228 at the edge of body 1286. Because kinking is prevented, outflow of gas to the patient through first gas supply tube 1202 and second gas supply tube 1228 is continuous and is not interrupted. Kinking changes the flow characteristic of the gas and can increase noise level in the outflow of gas as it exits the nasal prong. In some implementations, slidable connector 1285 includes guide paths for first gas supply tube 1202 and second gas supply tube 1228. In other implementations, it is not necessary to include guide paths within body 1286.
In some implementations, the interior of slidable connector 1285 serves to grip an exterior of first gas supply tube 1202 and second gas supply tube 1228 to maintain persistent sizing of the slidable connector 1285 without slippage such that first gas supply tube 1202 and second gas supply tube 1228 are held in position in slidable connector 1285 until a force is applied to slidable connector 1285 to move slidable connector 1285 along first gas supply tube 1202 and second gas supply tube 1228. In some implementations, first gas supply tube 1202 and second gas supply tube 1228 are parallel to each other at first opening 1288 and are guided in curved paths away from each other to second opening 1290 and third opening 1292, respectively. The curved path prevents the skin from being wedged between the tubing and the slidable connector 1285. In some implementations, an end of body 1286 moves toward wedge 1294 which is patient-facing includes a material to improve comfort or reduce slippage on the skin. For example, the end of body 1286 may be formed of plastic or may be cushioned. A cushioned end of body 1286 may serve to protect skin of a patient from rubbing on heated and pressurized tubing during administration of HFT and may prevent irritation, as well as kinking of first gas supply tube 1202 and second gas supply tube 1228. In some implementations, an end of body 1286 moves toward wedge 1294 which is patient-facing includes a stand-off portion (not shown) which is raised to contact a chin of the patient to further decrease occurrence of kinking of first gas supply tube 1202 and second gas supply tube 1228 for continuous delivery of breathing gas.
First over ear connector 1397 and second over ear connector 1398 serve to affix nasal cannula body 1304 and first gas supply tube 1302 and second gas supply tube 1328 to a patient's face without first gas supply tube 1302 and second gas supply tube 1328 contacting the ears. Suspending first gas supply tube 1302 and second gas supply tube 1328 from the ears without allowing first gas supply tube 1302 and second gas supply tube 1328 to touch the sensitive skin around the ears serves to affix nasal cannula body 1304 to the face without irritating the skin around the ears with hot and pressurized tubing. The shorter path length which breathing gas, and, in particular, heated and humidified breathing gas for HFT, must travel through first gas supply tube 1302 prevents condensation of the gas in the supply tube known as “rainout.” Furthermore, the over the ear suspension of fastening mechanism 1303 allows a patient to eat or drink unencumbered while wearing nasal cannula body 1304 and fastening mechanism 1303. In some implementations, a fabric encasement covers a portion of first over ear connector 1397 at the top of first ear 1391 to further protect the skin around the ear from irritation from the tubing. The fabric encasement may be a wicking fabric or a low-friction fabric. In some implementations, a wire structure surrounds all or a portion of first over ear connector 1397 at the top of first ear 1391 to hold first over ear connector 1397 further away from first ear 1391. In some implementations, the wire structure instead comprises a skeleton of pliable plastic plates or a foam cushion layer. The wire structure may be encased within the fabric encasement. In other implementations, the fabric encasement may be comprised of silicone to reduce movement of first over ear connector 1397 on the skin. In some implementations, the silicone encasement comprises a silicone sheet which curls around first over ear connector 1397. The silicone encasement may comprise two silicone sheets joined by silicone adhesive which can be used to label first over ear connector 1397 or may be used to encase first gas supply tube 1302 to provide a more comfortable surface where the skin and first gas supply tube 1302 meet. Fastening mechanism 1303 may be used on its own with any respiratory therapy that requires affixation of gas supply tubes to a patient's face. Fastening mechanism 1303 may be used with other features for retaining gas supply tubes, such as with slidable connector 1385. Fastening mechanism 1303 may be used with HFT systems to prevent irritation to skin caused by rubbing of wide-bore gas supply tubes on and around the ears by suspending the gas supply tubes below the ears with over ear loops.
In some implementations, first over ear connector 1397 and second over ear connector 1398 are configured for use with small-bore gas supply tubing. In other implementations, first over ear connector 1397 and second over ear connector 1398 are configured for use with wide-bore gas supply tubing. In some implementations, first gas supply tube 1302 is a dual-lumen supply tube. In some implementations, first gas supply tube 1302 comprises a first lumen through which breathing gas passes, and a second lumen surrounding the first lumen through which cooled gas passes. In some implementations, the second lumen has micro-pores allowing the cooled gas to flow out of the second lumen to create an air buffer of cooled gas between a patient's skin and the gas supply tube. In some implementations, the cannula is also constructed to have a separate flow path about the outside of the cannula through which cooled gas passes, the separate flow path including micro-pores through which the cooled gas flows towards the patient's skin. The air buffer created between the tubing and/or cannula and the patient's skin lessens the pressure exerted by the tubing on the skin and decreases rubbing on the skin leading to less skin breakdown.
While
Although only first gas supply tube 1502 is shown in fastening mechanism 1503, second gas supply tube 1528 is supported by a similar over ear loop over the second ear (not shown). Supporting the first gas supply tube 1502 and second gas supply tube 1528 with over ear connectors such that the first gas supply tube 1502 and second gas supply tube 1528 pass under the ear prevents chafing and irritation of the sensitive tissue about the ears. During use, the first gas supply tube 1502 and second gas supply tube 1528 may rub or become warm, particularly when used with HFT, which can cause discomfort and lead to development of MDRPUs with extended use. Supporting and orienting the first gas supply tube 1502 and second gas supply tube 1528 on the patient's face without placing the first gas supply tube 1502 and second gas supply tube 1528 over the ears prevents discomfort and irritation while affixing the gas supply tubing and nasal cannula to a patient.
In some implementations, guide connector 1578 is sized to fit small-bore tubing. In other implementations, guide connector 1578 is sized to fit wide-bore tubing or any other size of medical tubing. In some implementations, first over ear connector 1597 is produced in different sizes to fit a variety of patient ears. In some implementations, first over ear connector 1597 is flexible or elastically stretchable in order to fit a variety of shapes and sizes of ears. In some implementations, first over ear connector 1597 and guide connector 1578 are separate pieces which may be individually selected and coupled together in order to fit a patient. In some implementations, additional cushions, padding, or fabric encasement is used in conjunction with first over ear connector 1597 to provide additional comfort to the patient.
While
Fluid filled cushion 1661 may be a pre-filled balloon or foam cushion which acts as an air cushion over first ear 1691. Fluid filled cushion 1661 may collapse slightly behind first ear 1691 to help secure first gas supply tube 1602 and nasal cannula body 1604 in place such that first nasal prong 1618 is properly positioned in the nare. Slightly collapsed fluid filled cushion 1661 may prevent slipping and rubbing about and behind the ear. In some implementations, fluid filled cushion 1661 completely surrounds the ear. In other implementations, fluid filled cushion 1661 is long enough to cover a top of the ear or a top and back portion of the ear. In some implementations, fluid filled cushion 1661 is about 3 to 8 inches in length. In some implementations, fluid filled cushion 1661 is used without guide connector 1678 and first gas supply tube 1602 rests directly on fluid filled cushion 1661 over first ear 1691.
First strap closure 1781 and second strap closure 1789 may be Velcro, tape or any other clasping mechanism which encloses first gas supply tube 1702. In some implementations, first strap closure 1781 and second strap closure 1789 are composed of stretchable material such as a fabric, polyurethane, rubber or neoprene, or any other suitable material. In some implementations, only first head strap 1783 is required. In some implementations, additional head straps may be required. First head strap 1783 and second head strap 1787 may be used alone or in combination with other fastening devices, such as those disclosed herein.
Fastening mechanism 1803 is easily manufactured from a single material using a punch or die cut. In some implementations, fastening mechanism 1803 is constructed from a stretchable material such that the material conforms to the patient's head. In some implementations, fastening mechanism 1803 is constructed from hypoallergenic and/or breathable material, such as polyurethane foam, polyester or nylon fabric. In some implementations, sagittal strap clasp 1855 and occipital strap clasp 1858 are Velcro, reusable tape, or clips, or any suitable non-slip fastener to retain first gas supply tube 1802 away from first ear 1891. Sagittal strap arm 1857 is configured to pull first gas supply tube 1802 away from a top of first ear 1891, such that first gas supply tube 1802 is not in contact with first ear 1891. Occipital strap arm 1853 is configured to pull first gas supply tube 1802 away from a lower part of first ear 1891 towards the center of the nape of the neck. Nasal cannula body 1804 is affixed to the patient in this manner, without first gas supply tube 1802 contacting and irritating first ear 1891 or the sensitive skin around it. Fastening mechanism 1803 securely suspends first gas supply tube 1802 above first ear 1891, decreasing incidence of chafing, blistering, and ulcers while securing the nasal cannula body 1804 in a position on the patient.
In some implementations, first groove 1973 and second groove 1963 are configured to accept wide-bore gas supply tubing, small-bore gas supply tubing or any other medical tubing. In some implementations, first groove 1973 and second groove 1963 are channel-like and maintain first gas supply tube 1902 and second gas supply tube 1928 in a position. In other implementations, first groove 1973 and second groove 1963 allow first gas supply tube 1902 and second gas supply tube 1928 to slide through first groove 1973 and second groove 1963. In some implementations, more than one headband 1971 is used to secure first gas supply tube 1902 and second gas supply tube 1928 to a patient and to suspend first gas supply tube 1902 and second gas supply tube 1928 above and behind first ear 1991 and second ear 1993 of a patient.
Similarly to fastening mechanism 1903 in
While fastening mechanism 1903 of
The suspension of the gas supply tubing over first raised section 2179 above the patient's ear decreases the heat and friction which lead to the development of MDRPUs and increase patient comfort. First groove 2173 on first raised section 2179 supports the gas supply tubing over the patient's ear, protecting the patient's ear from friction and compression. In some implementations, headband 2171 is composed of a non-slip, flexible material which conforms to a patient's head. For example, headband 2171 may be comprised of polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, low density polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polycarbonate, or any other suitable material. In some implementations, headband 2171 is formed as a wide band. In other implementations, headband 2171 is formed as a narrow band. In other implementations, headband 2171 is formed from a semi-rigid mesh. In other implementations, headband 2171 is formed of a stretchable material such as silicone rubber. In some implementations, headband 2171 includes perforations for enhanced air circulation at a patient's scalp. In some implementations, first raised section 2179 includes a gel pad on the patient-facing surface for enhanced comfort by reducing friction. In other implementations, headband 2171 includes comb teeth on a patient-facing surface or edge for improved placement and support on a patient's head. In some implementations, headband 2171 is adjustable. In other implementations, headband 2171 is manufactured in a variety of sizes, e.g., sizes to fit neonates, pediatric patients and adult patients.
In other implementations, headband 2171 is configured to be worn about a backside of the patient's head as an occipital support. In such implementations, an additional strap may extend from each end of headband 2171 about the forehead of the patient. The headband may be adjustable with Velcro or other closures. The placement of headband 2171 as an occipital support permits firm placement and resistance to any ‘tug’ of the nasal cannula gas tubing during use. First raised section 2179 may include first groove 2173 as a channel bonded to first raised section 2179.
Fastening mechanism 2103 may be used in conjunction with any respiratory therapy requiring gas supply tubing to be restrained about a patient's ears. In some implementations, fastening mechanism 2103 is used with a nasal cannula for use with an HFT system. In such implementations, first raised section 2179 and first groove 2173 suspend heated and distended gas supply tubing above a patient's ears in order to prevent rubbing and sweating that may lead to development of pressure ulcers.
The nasal cannulae and fastening devices described above can be incorporated into a respiratory therapy system, such as the illustrative respiratory therapy system 2207 shown in
Breathing gas flows from console 2241 to first gas supply tube 2202 through first gas supply tube port 2239 and from console 2241 to second gas supply tube 2228 through second gas supply tube port 2247. Breathing gas then flows through first gas supply tube 2202 and second gas supply tube 2228 to nasal cannula body 2204. First gas supply tube 2202 and second gas supply tube 2228 can be affixed to a patient's face using any fastening mechanism or combination of mechanisms described here, such as 901, 1075, 1285, 1303, 1803, 1903, or 2103 shown in
In another example, first gas supply tube 2202 and second gas supply tube 2228 of respiratory therapy system 2207 can be coupled to nasal cannula body 2204 at first connector 2210, such as swivel connector 901, which permits rotation and swivel motions such that movement of first gas supply tube 2202 and second gas supply tube 2228 is not transferred to nasal cannula body 2204. Thus, nasal cannula body 2204 is maintained in a proper positioning despite motion or movement of first gas supply tube 2202 and second gas supply tube 2228. First gas supply tube 2202 and second gas supply tube 2228 can also be used with slidable connector 2285, similar to slidable connector 1285, to retain first gas supply tube 2202 and second gas supply tube 2228 under the chin of the patient to securely affix the nasal cannula body 2204 to the patient's face while keeping the first gas supply tube 2202 and second gas supply tube 2228 from kinking.
Furthermore, respiratory therapy system 2207 may be used with any of the previously described nasal cannulae, including 100, 200, 300, 500, 700, and 800 described in
The appropriate orientation of nasal prongs in a patient's nares and the secure affixing of the nasal cannula and gas supply tubes in proper position allow respiratory therapy system 2207 to provide effective therapy to a patient. Correctly directing breathing gas, and, in particular, heated and humidified breathing gas for HFT, into the nasal passageway promotes flushing of the upper respiratory passageways for therapeutic effect. The appropriate orientation of the nasal prongs in the nares also decreases patient discomfort associated with poor positioning leading to rubbing or contact of the nasal prongs in the nare or irritation of the mucosa due to misdirected breathing gas flow. Restraining supply gas tubing and securing the positioning of the nasal cannula further increases the occurrence of successful therapeutic outcomes. Supply gas tubing restraints which protect the sensitive tissues surrounding the ears from irritation and development of ulcers increase patient comfort and patients are less likely to move or adjust gas supply tubes which are not causing irritation. These devices improve therapeutic outcomes by ensuring that effective respiratory therapy is delivered to a patient.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the principles of the disclosure, and the apparatuses can be practiced by other than the described embodiments, which are presented for purposes of illustration and not of limitation. It is to be understood that the apparatuses disclosed herein, while shown for use in high flow therapy systems, may be applied to systems to be used in other ventilation circuits.
Variations and modifications will occur to those of skill in the art after reviewing this disclosure. The disclosed features may be implemented, in any combination and subcombination (including multiple dependent combinations and subcombinations), with one or more other features described herein. The various features described or illustrated above, including any components thereof, may be combined or integrated in other systems. Moreover, certain features may be omitted or not implemented.
Examples of changes, substitutions, and alterations are ascertainable by one skilled in the art and could be made without departing from the scope of the information disclosed herein. All references cited herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety and made part of this application.
This application claims the benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) from U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/356,774 filed Jun. 30, 2016, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
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