Claims
- 1. A carrier comprised of a core and thereover a polymer coating, and which coating is generated by the emulsion polymerization of one or more monomers in the presence of a surfactant and the polymer coating contains the surfactant, and wherein said polymer coating is of a diameter of equal to or less than about 100 nanometers and wherein said coating has a coverage of from about 50 percent to 95 percent.
- 2. The carrier in accordance with claim 1 wherein the polymer is a polymethyl methacrylate polymer or a copolymer thereof.
- 3. The carrier in accordance with claim 1 wherein the polymer is a polymethyl methacrylate trifluoroethyl-methacrylate copolymer.
- 4. The carrier in accordance with claim 3 wherein the fluoro-ethyl methacrylate is 2,2,2-trifluoro-ethyl methacrylate.
- 5. The carrier in accordance with claim 1 wherein the carrier polymer coating is polymethyl methacrylate; copoly-trifluoroethyl-methacrylate-methyl methacrylate; polyvinylidene fluoride; polyvinylfluoride copolybutylacrylate methacrylate; copolyperfluorooctylethyl methacrylate methyl methacrylate; or polystyrene.
- 6. The carrier in accordance with claim 1 wherein the polymer is a copolymer of trifluoroethyl-methacrylate and methyl-methacrylate containing a sodium dodecyl sulfate surfactant.
- 7. The carrier in accordance with claim 1 wherein the monomer is 2,2.2-trifluoro-ethyl methacrylate.
- 8. The carrier in accordance with claim 1 wherein the conductivity thereof is from about 10−2 S/cm to about 10−15 S/cm.
- 9. The carrier in accordance with claim 1 wherein the carrier conductivity thereof is from about 10−11 S/cm to about 10−S/cm.
- 10. The carrier in accordance with claim 1 wherein the surfactant is anionic.
- 11. The carrier in accordance with claim 1 wherein the polymer is a copolymer of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and polymethylmethacrylate with from about 70 to about 80 weight percent of polymethylmethacrylate.
- 12. The carrier in accordance with claim 1 wherein the polymer is a copolymer of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and polymethyl methacrylate with from about 15 to about 30 weight percent of said trifluoro component and from about 70 to about 85 weight percent of said polymethylmethacrylate.
- 13. The carrier in accordance with claim 1 wherein the carrier core is from about 30 micrometers to about 50 micrometers in diameter.
- 14. The carrier in accordance with claim 13 wherein about 85 percent to 95 percent of the surface of the carrier core contains said polymer coating.
- 15. The carrier in accordance with claim 1 wherein the carrier core is a ferrite or a magnetite.
- 16. The carrier in accordance with claim 15 wherein the carrier core is a ferrite with an optional diameter of about 25 to about 35 micrometers.
- 17. A developer comprised of the carrier of claim 1 and toner.
- 18. The developer in accordance with claim 17 wherein carrier polymer coating is a polymethyl methacrylate polymer or a copolymer thereof.
- 19. The developer in accordance with claim 17 wherein the polymer coating is a polymethyl methacrylate copolymer with fluoro-ethyl methacrylate or fluoro-ethyl acrylate.
- 20. The developer in accordance with claim 17 wherein said carrier further contains a fluorinated polymer of polyvinylidine fluoride (PVF2), poly(tetrafluoroethylene), or alternatively a fluoroalkyl methacrylate.
- 21. The developer in accordance with claim 17 wherein said toner is comprised of resin and colorant.
- 22. The developer in accordance with claim 21 further containing toner additives.
- 23. A developer in accordance with claim 22 wherein said additives are charge enhancing components.
- 24. A carrier in accordance with claim 1 wherein one or more is at least two to about seven.
REFERENCE
Illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 6,355,391, the disclosure of which is totally incorporated herein by reference, a micropowder comprising:
(i) a submicron sized powder recovered from an emulsion of polymer and surfactant;
(ii) a conductive filler incorporated into the powder; and
(iii) optional charge enhancing additives incorporated into the powder.
US Referenced Citations (14)
Non-Patent Literature Citations (2)
Entry |
Alger, Mark. Polymer Science Dictionary. New York: Elsevier Applied Science. (1989) pp. 146, 509, 510.* |
Webster's II, New Riverside Dictionary. Riverside Publishing Company. (1984) p. 373. |