Johnston, M. et al. Science 260:1286-1293 (1993). |
Daar, E. et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:6574-6578 (1990). |
Ellis, R. W. "New Technologies for Making Vaccines" In: Vaccines, Plotkin & Mortimer Eds., W. B. Saunders Co. (1988). |
Bowie, J. V. et al. Science 247:1306-1310 (1990). |
Kumar, V. et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA 87:1337-41 (1990). |
Seckler, R et al. Biochemistry 25:2403-2409 (1986). |
Shai, Y et al. Biochemistry 26:669-675 (1987). |
Hintz, R. et al. J. Clin. Endocrinol Metab. 54(2):442-446 (1982). |
Pauls, J. D. et al. Mol. Immunol. 30(8):709-719 (1993) received Jun. 3, 1993. |
International Patent Application WO86/06414, published Nov. 6, 1986. |
International Patent Application WO85/00807, published Feb. 28, 1985. |
European Patent Application 044710, published Jan. 27, 1982. |
C&EN, 65:24 (1987). |
Buller et al., Nature, 328:77-79 (1987). |
Barnes, Science, 236:1423-1425 (1987). |
Salk, Nature, 327:473-476 (1987). |
Newmark, Nature, 327:458 (1987). |
Barnes, Science, 236:255-257 (1987). |
Mitsuya and Broder, Nature, 325:773-778 (1987). |
Modrow et al., J. Virol., 61:570-578 (1987). |
Chanh et al., Embo. Journal, 5:3065-3073 (1986). |
Newmark, Nature, 325:290 (1987). |
Gallo, Scientific America, Jan., 1987, pp. 47-56. |
Livingston and Fathman, Ann. Rev. Immunol., 5:477-501 (1987). |
Milich and McLauchlan, Science, 234:1563-1566 (1986). |
Walker et al., Science, 234:1563-1566 (1986). |
Bloom, Nature, 327:193 (1987). |
Putney et al., Science, 234:1392-1395 (1986). |
Reiher et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 83:9188-9192 (1986). |
Lagrain, J. Virol., 60:1141-1144 (1986). |
Earl et al., Science, 234:728-731 (1986). |
Maddon et al., Cell, 47:333-348 (1986). |
Robey et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 83:7023-7027 (1986). |
Zarling et al., Nature, 323:344-346 (1986). |
Milich et al., J. Exp. Med., 164:532-547 (1986). |
Kennedy et al., Science, 231:1555-1559 (1986). |
Berzofsky, Science, 229:932-940 (1985). |
Hopp, Mil. Immunol., 21:13-16 (1984). |
Shinnick et al., Ann. Rev. Microbiol., 37:425-446 (1983). |
Hirsch and Kaplan, Scientific American, pp. 76-85 (believed to be between 1985 and 1987). |
Austin American-Statesman, Mar. 26, 1987. |
Wall Street Journal (undated). |
Cease et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 84:4249-4253, Jun. 1987. |
Putney et al., AIDS Vaccine Research and Clinical Trials, Eds. Putney, S. D. & Bolognesi, D. P., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York and Basel, pp. 3-61. 1990. |
Cease & Berzofsky, AIDS Vaccine Research and Clinical Trials, Eds. Putney, S. D. & Bolognesi, D. P., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York and Basel, pp. 139-156. 1990. |
Emini, AIDS Vaccine Research and Clinical Trials, Eds. Putney, S. D. & Bolognesi, D. P., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York and Basel, pp. 369-378. 1990. |
Kast et al., PNAS, 88:2283-2287, 1991. |
Sastry & Arlinghaus, Curr. Sci., 5:699-707, 1991. |
LaRosa et al., Science, 249:932-935, 1990. |
Emini et al., J. Virol., 64(8):3674-3678, 1990. |
Scott et al., PNAS, 87:8597-8601, 1990. |
Javaherian et al., PNAS, 86:6768-6772, 1989. |
Devash et al., PNAS, 87:3445-3449, 1990. |
Palker et al., PNAS, 85:1932-1936, 1988. |
Takahashi et al., PNAS, 85:3105-3109, 1988. |
Takahashi et al., J. Exp. Med., 170:2023-2035, 1989. |
Takahashi et al., J. Exp. Med., 171:571-576, 1990. |
Berzofsky et al., Nature, 334:706-708, 1988. |
Bevan, Nature, News and Views, 342:478-479, 1989. |
Deres et al., Nature, 342:561-564, 1989. |
Cleric et al., Nature, 339:383-385, 1989. |
Howell et al., Science, 246:668-670, 1989. |
Arthur et al., J. Virol. 63(12):5046-5053, 1989. |
Bio/Technology, In the News, 6:345, 1988. |
Barnes, Science, Research News, 242:515, 1988. |
Barnes, Science, Research News, 241:533-534, 1988. |
Takeda et al., Science, 242:580-583, 1988. |
Homsy et al., Science, 244:1357-1360, 1989. |
Miller, Nature--News and Views, 332:109-110, 1988. |
Patarroyo et al., Nature 332:158-161, 1988. |
Maddon et al., PNAS, 84:9155-9159, 1987. |
Sternberg et al., FEBS Letts., 218(2):231-237, 1987. |
Nara et al., PNAS, 84:3797-3801, 1987. |
Wain-Hobson et al., Cell, 40:9-17, 1985. |
Watari et al., J. Exp. Med., 165:459-470, 1987. |
Heber-Katz et al., Modern Approaches to Vaccines, Cold Spring Harbour Laboratory, 1985. Abstract. |
Heber-Katz et al., Modern Approaches to Vaccines, Cold Spring Harbour Laboratory, p. 63, 1985. Abstract. |
Schild et al., Eur. J. Immunol., 21:2649-2654, 1991. |
Maddox, J., Nature, 353:297, 1991. |
Anderson, C., Nature, 353:287, 1991. |
Kion, T. and Hoffman, G., Science, 253:1138-1140, 1991. |
Kaneshima et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 88:4523-4527, 1991. |
Clerici et al., J. Immunol., 146(7):2214-2219, 1991. |
Freed et al., J. Virol., 65(1):190-194, 1991. |
Freed & Risser, AIDS Res. Human Retroviruses, 7(10):807-811, 1991. |
Murakami et al., BBA, 1079:279-284, 1991. |
Berzofsky et al., FASEB J., 5:2412-1418, 1991. |
Aichele et al., J. Exp. Med., 171:1815:1820, 1990. |
Hosmalin et al., PNAS, 87:2344-2348, 1990. |
Sastry & Arlinghaus, Hematologic Pathology, 4(3):157-159, 1990. |
Takahashi et al., "Induction of Broadly Cross-Reactive Cytotoxic T Cells Recognizing an HIV-1 Envelope Determinant," Science, 255:333-336, 1992. Published in USA. |
R enia et al., "In Vitro Activity of CD4.sup.+ and CD8.sup.+ T Lymphocytes from Mice Immunized with a Synthetic Malaria Peptide," Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 88:7963-7967, 1991. Published in USA. |
Hart et al., "Priming of Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) CD8.sup.+ Cytotoxic T Cells In Vivo by Carrier-Free HIV Synthetic Peptides," Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 88:9448-9452, 1991. Published in USA. |
Gao et al., "Priming of Influenza Virus-Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Vivo by Short Synthetic Peptides," J. Immunol., 147(10):3268-3273, 1991. Published in USA. |
Schulz et al., "Peptide-Induced Antiviral Protection by Cytotoxic T Cells," Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 88:991-993, 1991. Published in USA. |
Sette et al., "A Microcomputer Program for Hydrophilicity and Amphipathicity Analysis of Protein Antigens," Molec. Immunol., 23(8):807-810. Published in Great Britain. |
Coates et al., "AIDS Vaccine Predictions," Nature, 326:549-550, 1987. |
Margalit et al., "Prediction of Immunodominant Helper T cell Antigenic Sites from the Primary Sequence," J. Immunol., 138(7):2213-2229, 1987. Published in USA. |
DeLisi, C. and J. Berzofsky, "T-cell Antigenic Sites Tend to be Amphipathic Structures," Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 82:7048-7052, 1985. Published in USA. |
Sastry & Arlinghaus, "Identification of T-Cell Epitopes Without B-Cell Activity in the First and Second Conserved Regions of the HIV Env Protein," Current Science, 5(6):699-707, 1991. |
Lasarte et al., "Induction of Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes in Mice Against the Principal Neutralizing Domain of HIV-1 by Immunization with an Engineered T-Cytotoxic-T-Helper Synthetic Peptide Construct," Cellular Immunology, 141:211-218, 1992. |
Cohen, "AIDS Research Shifts to Immunity," Science, 257:152-154, 1992. |
Sastry et al., "Rapid in Vivo Induction of HIV-Specific CD8.sup.+ Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes by a 15-Amino Acid Unmodified Free Peptide from the Immunodominant V3-Loop of GP120," Virology, 188:502-509, 1992. |
Berzofsky et al., "Epitopes of HIV and SIV. I. Host Responses," Aids Res. Hum. Retroviruses, 7(2):144, 1991. |
Dadaglio et al., "Epitope Recognition of Conserved HIV Envelope Sequences by Human Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes," J. Immunol., 147(7):2302-2309, 1991. |
Gao et al., "Priming of Influenza Virus-Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Vivo by Short Synthetic Peptides," J. Immunol., 147(10):3268-3273, 1991. |
Houghten, Richard A., "Synthetic Heat-Stable Enterotoxin Polypeptide of Escherichia coli and Multimers Thereof," Chemical Abstracts, Abstract No. 50888r, 102:323, 1985, regarding WO 84/02,700, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation. |
Kemp et al., "Diagnostic and Antiviral Applications of Synthetic HIV-1 Peptides," In Peptides: Chemistry, Structure and Biology, Proceedings of the Eleventh American Peptide Symposium, Jean E. Rivier and Garland R. Marshall, Eds., Jul. 9-14, 1989, La Jolla, CA. |
Kloetzer et al., "Peptides of Feline Leukemia Virus Protein p15 E as Immunosuppressants and Vaccines," Chemical Abstracts, Abstract No. 90420x; 111:82, 1989, regarding WO 88/05,783, Ortho Pharmaceutical Corp. |
McMichael et al., "Peptide Fragments of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) for Stimulation of Cytotoxic T-Cell Immunity," Chemical Abstracts, Abstract No. 215075v, 112:487, 1990, regarding EP 346,022, Medical Research Counsel. |
Shinnick et al., "Synthetic Polypeptides, Antibodies, Diagnostic Systems, and Kits for Immunological Detection of Infections with Tuberculosis Mycobacteria," Chemical Abstracts, Abstract No. 36241s, 108:496, 1988, regarding WO 87/01,118, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation. |
Takahashi et al., "A Single Amino Acid Interchange Yields Reciprocal CTL Specificities for HIV-1 gp160," Science, 246:118-121, 1989. |
Clark, William R., The Experimental Foundations of Modern Immunology, John Wiley & Sons, publishers, pp. 278-283, 1980. |
Arthos et al., "Identification of the Residues in Human CD4 Critical for the Binding of HIV", Cell, 57:469-481, 1989. |
Bates et al., "A predicted three-dimensional structure for the human immunodeficiency virus binding domains of CD4 antigen", Protein Engineering, 3 (1):13-21, 1989. |
Capon et al., "Designing CD4 immunoadhesins for AIDS therapy", Nature, 337:525-530, 1989. |
Chaudhary et al., "Selective killing of HIV-infected cells by recombinant human CD4-Peudomonas exotoxin hybrid protein", Nature, 335:369-372, 1988. |
Deen et al., "A soluble form of CD4 (T4) protein inhibits AIDS virus infection", Nature, 331:82-84, 1988. |
Finberg et al., "Prevention of HIV-1 Infection and Preservation of CD4 Function by the Binding of CPFs to gp120", Science, 249:287-291, 1990. |
Ghetie et al., "CD4 peptide-protein conjugates, but not recombinant human CD4, bind to recombinant gp120 from the human immunodeficiency virus in the presence of serum from AIDS patients", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 88:5690-5693, 1991. |
Ibegbu et al., "Structural Features of CD4 Required for Binding to HIV", The Journal of Immunology, 142:2250-2256, 1989. |
Jameson et al., "Location and Chemical Synthesis of a Binding Site for HIV-1 on the CD4 Protein", Science, 240:1335-1339, 1988. |
Lasky et al., "Delineation of a Region of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 gp120 Glycoprotein Critical for Interaction with the CD4 Receptor", Cell, 50:975-985, 1987. |
Lifson et al., "Synthetic CD4 Peptide Derivatives That Inhibit HIV Infection and Cytopathicity", Science, 241:712-716, 1988. |
Marastoni et al., "Synthesis, metabolic stability and chemotactic activity of peptide T and its analogues", Int. J. Peptide Protein Res. 35:81-88, 1990. |
Till et al., "HIV-Infected Cells Are Killed by rCD4-Ricin A Chain", Science, 242:1166-1168, 1988. |
Traunecker et al., "Soluble CD4 molecules neutralize human immunodeficiency virus type 1", Nature, 331:84-86, 1988. |
Watanabe et al., "Effects of recombinant soluble CD4 in rhesus monkeys infected with simian immunodeficiency virus of macaques", Nature, 335:267-270, 1989. |
Ghiara et al., "Crystal Structure of the Principal Neutralization Site of HIV-1," Science, 264:82-85, 1994. |