Patent Grant
8046901
The present invention relates to a plant for producing bars and/or profiles, in particular a compact plant for continuous production of steel bars and profiles.
Numerous production plants for steel bars or profiles have stations that are not arranged in line and also have points in which the production line is interrupted. This causes limits to the efficiency and productivity of the plant, linked to the fact that the continuous casting machine and the rolling mill operate in a partially disconnected manner, with the need for an intermediate buffer to deal with the different operating requirements of these components.
Various continuous production plants for steel bars are known, such as the one described in the European patent EP1187686. Nonetheless, these production plants, which start directly from the scrap to obtain the finished product, already packed and packaged for sale, require considerable space leading to the use of large sheds, high investment and running costs.
These plants are provided with a packaging apparatus, positioned downstream of the rolling mill, which have the other disadvantage of not allowing high bar packaging speed and of not handling a diversified variety of rolled products; moreover, they are not compact, which also makes them costly to build and run. Finally, these types of packaging apparatus do not allow the production and handling of short bars, for example 6 m-long bars, which require much shorter, more precise and repetitive cycle times for cutting, braking and unloading.
Therefore, the need is felt for a compact plant for continuous production of rolled products, of any shape and size, composed of a plurality of dedicated apparatus which allows the aforesaid drawbacks to be overcome and is versatile in the type of bars and/or profiles to be handled.
The main object of the present invention is to produce a compact plant for producing steel bars and/or profiles by means of which, starting from scrap, it is possible to obtain the finished product, for example round, square, hexagonal, flat bars and or L-shaped, T-shaped, T-post, U-shaped profiles, of commercial lengths ranging from 6 to 18 meters, pre-packed, packaged and ready for sale, with all the stations in line and operating continuously.
Another object is to arrange all the machinery in smaller spaces, thereby reducing both investment costs and plant management costs, and to reduce production times.
A further object is to produce a flexible plant which makes it possible to obtain both medium-low productivity, for example ranging from 35 to 50 t/h, and medium-high productivity, for example from 50 up to 100 t/h.
Therefore, according to the present invention the objects discussed above are attained by means of a compact plant for continuous production of steel bars and/or profiles wherein, in accordance with claim 1, there is provided:
The plant forming the object of the present invention is particularly compact as the arrangement of the various components is in line with no interruptions. Advantageously, this plant has a very compact bar or profile packaging apparatus which, through an innovative arrangement and innovative operating mode of the components thereof, makes it possible to obtain a further reduction in length.
Moreover, the plant of the invention is very versatile as it allows continuous production, handling and packaging of bars and/or profiles with different sections, always maintaining maximum production speed even with products with a small section, in particular thanks to the packaging apparatus. In fact, in the case of types of rolled products with a small section, which consequently reach the phase downstream of rolling, before packaging, at high speed, this plant makes continuous packaging possible without the need for long stocking times in large storage spaces.
Advantageously the plant of the invention has a number of components arranged in order to manage, in a shorter time, a larger number of types of rolled products of commercial sizes i.e. easier to manage in terms of storage and transport. The dependent claims describe preferred embodiments of the invention.
Further characteristics and advantages of the invention shall be more evident in the light of the detailed description of a non-exclusive preferred embodiment, of a plant for the production of bars and profiles illustrated, by way of a non-limiting example, with the aid of the accompanying drawings, wherein:
a shows a plan view of a part of the second embodiment of
a and 6b show a plan view respectively of a first section and of a second section of a third embodiment of part of the plant of the invention;
The plant for producing bars and profiles of the invention incorporates:
In the case of producing steel bars and profiles with a low/medium carbon content, downstream of the rolling station, a further cooling station is provided, comprising a series of water tanks containing water, or another coolant, to perform surface hardening of the product. This cooling station can, optionally, also be used for the production of micro-alloyed steels although only to perform cooling and not heat treatment of the rolled product.
The steel plant station incorporates a primary electric arc furnace and a secondary furnace or ladle furnace, or simply a ladle, to perform secondary metallurgy. The scrap is loaded into the electric arc furnace and subsequently, when molten, it is spilled into the ladle furnace where it is subjected to secondary treatment to obtain the desired composition of steel and reach a suitable temperature for subsequent pouring into the ingot mould. Owing to the characteristics of the product obtained with these secondary metallurgy operations, it is advantageous to subject said product to a continuous rolling process.
The casting station 3 incorporates a continuous one-line casting machine, a straightening machine 3′ downstream and a shear 3″ for cutting to length of the billet for operation in semi-continuous and continuous mode. Semi-continuous mode is temporary and is used to start the continuous process and to calibrate the rolling mill. The casting line is designed for high speed casting, for example up to 8 m/min, of square billets with a section of 110×110 mm2 or equivalent sections.
In semi-continuous operating mode casting and rolling are two separate operations; in continuous operating mode rolling is the main operation, i.e. “master”, and casting is a dependent operation, i.e. “slave”, in the sense that the casting parameters depend on the rolling speed. The subsequent extraction station 4 incorporates a collecting table for withdrawing the billets in the event of an emergency, such as a hold-up downstream.
Advantageously, installed in line downstream of the extraction station 4 is a reheating furnace, preferably an induction furnace 5, defining a station of adequate length to control and regulate the temperature of the billets before they enter the rolling mill. If the steels produced are microalloyed or low carbon steels, it is not necessary to provide very long holding furnaces for metallurgical transformation of the grain, with a simple inductor, for example, being sufficient, thereby making further compacting of the production line possible.
Between the extraction station 4 and the induction furnace 5 there are provided a descaler 4′ and a pinch-roll 4″.
The rolling mill, defining a further station, is advantageously composed of:
In the lateral view of
Advantageously, loop forming devices are not used between the stands in the roughing mill 6, but pull on the rolled product is controlled with further reduction in the overall dimensions.
Pull is controlled by checking the dimensional tolerances of the bar, measured by sensor means, and managing the rolling stands with forecasts and speed cascade. The sensor means calculate the real section of the material delivered from each stand and check the extent of deviation from the nominal value read in standard conditions without pull and transmit the results to the other stands, appropriately modifying the speed ratios therebetween.
Advantageously, although not necessarily, all the rolling stands have cantilever mounted rolling cylinders.
A first example of the system of the invention has eighteen rolling stands, four of which in the roughing mill, six stands in the intermediate mill and eight stands in the finishing mill, said finishing mill being advantageously composed of a high speed rolling station when bars with a small section are produced, for example at a rolling speed of about 40 m/s.
A second example of the plant of the invention is provided with sixteen rolling stands, eight of which in a roughing/intermediate mill and eight stands in the finishing mill.
A third example of the plant of the invention is provided with eighteen rolling stands, six of which in the roughing mill, six stands in the intermediate mill and six stands in the finishing mill.
The finishing mill in the second and third example is not composed of a high speed rolling station but of cartridge stands with rolling cylinders with several channels; the existence of physical spaces between these cartridge stands makes the solution of the first example the one offering the most compact plant.
Means for head-tail cropping and for scrapping of the rolled product in the event of an emergency are provided between the rolling mills. More specifically, in the configuration provided in said first and third example, two shears are installed, one between the roughing mill and the intermediate mill and one between the intermediate mill and the finishing mill, while in the second example a single shear is provided between the roughing/intermediate mill and the finishing mill.
In accordance with a first embodiment of the invention, shown in
This bar packaging apparatus 9 is in turn composed of:
The shear 10 advantageously, although not necessarily, cuts the bars delivered at high speed from the finishing mill into segments of variable predetermined lengths, for example from 6 to 18 meters. These bar segments thus obtained are directed through the integrated deflector along two lines exiting from the same shear 10. Installed downstream of the shear 10 are two deflectors 11, 12, each on one of said two lines, which direct the segments into the four unloading lines.
The braking devices, simply called bar-brakes 13, are installed at the entry to each of the four unloading lines. Each bar-brake receives the tip of a bar segment by means of rollers in the open position and rotating at a specific speed. At a predetermined instant, which allows braking to be performed in the correct space and time, the rollers close on the segment and perform the braking action, exploiting the dynamic roll-segment friction. At the exit from the bar-brake, these segments are then fed to an unloading system comprising axial peripheral guides or channels on rotating cylindrical drums. Control means calculate the release speed of the bar segment, at the end of the braking action of the bar-brake, on the basis of the position to be taken by the segment in one of said guides and on the basis of the bar-guide coefficient of friction. This release speed is lower than the delivery speed of the segment for products with small sections and could be higher than the delivery feed of the segment for products with larger sections. In this particular case, the bar-brake acts as an accelerator of the bar segments.
At a specific time after braking has terminated, the rollers of the bar-brake 13 are opened to receive the subsequent segment and accelerate or decelerate in order to adapt their peripheral speed to the new value calculated to unload the subsequent segment which, in fact, may be different to the speed of the previously unloaded segment.
The segments, cut to commercial length and braked as described above, are then fed into the axial peripheral guides of the rotating drums. These drums are of a length at least twice the length of the segments and their peripheral guides or channels are divided into two sections, initial and final, of a length equal to at least the length of the segment. For example, in the case of segments 6 m in length, the length of the initial and final sections of the guides is respectively 6 m plus a safety space. Therefore, the length of the drum is at least 12 m plus the safety space.
A device for collection and removal of the bar segments unloaded from the drums is located under said drums. Advantageously, a forced air cooling system cooperates with said device, composed of a cooling fan assembly, or a nebulized water cooling system with spray nozzles.
In accordance with a first embodiment thereof, shown in
The first transitory phase in which the bar segments are fed alternately one at a time into the initial and final sections of the peripheral guides in sequential order until they are completely filled is followed by a phase operating at full speed in which, for each segment inserted in a section of a guide another previously inserted segment is unloaded from the drum onto the relative wormless screw or onto other suitable transfer means.
With this unloading operation the handling time of the segments on the screws, once unloaded from the drums is lower than the time of known prior art apparatus. In particular, with this worm screw system bar segments of 6 m can be unloaded at a rolling speed of 40 m/s.
In accordance with a second embodiment, shown in
The drums 14 and the collection and removal device, in the embodiment of screw or group of worm screw 21 or in the embodiment of the cooling bed 22, cooperate with a station to form and remove bundles of bars comprising: a stepped transfer device for layer preparation 24, a bundle forming device 23 with vertically moving pockets, a collection pocket 20, comprising for example idle vertical containment rollers and a horizontal roller table.
This packaging apparatus can also be provided with:
Advantageously the drums 14 can also cooperate with a station to form and remove skeins, showed in
This station to form and remove skeins, placed downstream of the cooling bed 22 in
The presence of this further station advantageously confers a high flexibility on the same plant: in fact this configuration permits to pass endless and without any stop of the plant from the product “bars in bundles” to the “coiled” or “spooled” product or in coils, and therefore to satisfy all the market demands.
Furthermore, this permits an intermediate solution that provides to discharge a bar in the cooling bed 22 or in the screw 21 and to send another one towards one of the two spoolers 50 by means of the drums 14. An automation system controls the shear 10, the bar-brake 13 and the drums 14 in function of the desired production mix.
In the case of skeins production, the bar delivered from the last rolling stand is cut by the shear 10 into segments of a predefined length dependent from the desired weight of coil. The deflectors 11 and 12 direct the segments into the four unloading lines wherein the bar-brakes 13, installed at the entry to each of the four unloading lines, receive the tip of a bar segment by means of rollers in the open position and rotating at a specific speed. At the exit from the bar-brake, these segments are fed to one of the axial peripheral guides or channels on the cylindrical drums 14, in this case said drums being fixed and not rotating, or fed to the cooling bed 22 or to the screw 21 under the drums 14. At the exit of the drums 14 the segments are then fed to the spoolers 50 of the station to form and remove skeins.
In accordance with a second embodiment of the invention, shown in
In this way the same cooling bed is advantageously used without intermediate receiving and translating devices. Moreover, in the event of an emergency or fault in the high speed line 31 it is possible to use the low speed line 32 to unload products with small sections, in this case with reduced productivity.
The high speed line 31 shown in
The low speed line 32 is instead structurally formed by the combination of at least one rotating shear 40, to cut to commercial length the rolled product, still hot, delivered from the last rolling stand, and an inclined roller table 41 with lifting fingers or lifting aprons 42, of known type. These lifting fingers 42 are disposed between the roller table 41 and the cooling bed 22 and move alternately upwards and downwards, to laterally transfer the segments fed from the roller table onto the cooling plate; said lifting fingers 42 have a flat and inclined upper surface in order to slide the segments onto the first or onto the second compartment of the cooling bed 22 according to the lifting stroke thereof.
The operating mode of the low speed line 32 allows removal of the segments of rolled product without interfering with the other rolled elements travelling on the same roller table 41. To obtain this, advantageously the time at which the segment of rolled product, to be removed laterally onto the cooling bed, arrives on the roller table 41 and the time at which the finger 42 is lowered and lifted are coordinated perfectly, so that the previous and subsequent segments are removed separately.
More specifically, a method of unloading the low speed line 32 for bars or profiles, having, for example, a length ranging from 6 to 9 meters, includes the following stages:
At this point the cycle is repeated, with subsequent arrangements of the segments on the cooling bed.
The movement of the moving blades of the cooling bed 22 is correlated to the cross dimension of the segments, i.e. it is of an extent that when this dimension exceeds the dimension of the compartment of the cooling bed, the segments are deposited on the cooling bed alternately, i.e. in every second compartment instead of in every compartment.
The method of unloading bars or profiles of a length ranging from 10 to 18 meters is analogous to the one described above and a single segment is unloaded at a time instead of two segments.
The second embodiment of the invention therefore allows receipt of bars or profiles having a maximum cross dimension in excess of the space allowed by a guide of the drums 14.
The packaging apparatus in the different embodiments described above is capable of producing bars and/or profiles, already cut to commercial length, in packs or bundles or skeins ready for sale. The structural characteristics of the components and the particular arrangement thereof allow noteworthy compacting of the entire plant with respect to known plants and a reduction in initial investments costs, as the devices for bundle-forming, tying and storage are reduced to a minimum and integrated in a single packaging apparatus.
More specifically, with respect to a conventional apparatus:
The advantages deriving from the production of a compact continuous plant according to the present invention are as follows:
Moreover, with the plant according to the invention it is possible to obtain the finished product, starting from liquid steel, without interruption in the form of directly marketable packs, bundles or skeins with predefined weight, dimensions and/or number of bars and/or profiles.
This plant is particularly advantageous when used for a single strand plant, in particular plants used for the production of commercial quality bar having a circular section, packaged in the form of bundles or skeins. In the case of skeins, the “spooled” product has generally a weight of about 3-3.5 tons.
The plant of the invention has an overall length, from the casting axis to the end of the finishing station, of approximately 130-140 meters. Advantageously, this implies a reduction in the dimensions of the sheds compared to know plants of 30-40% and a cutting in half of the investment costs. With a plant of this type the conversion time from the start of casting to the packaged finished product which can be obtained is of around 4 minutes at the maximum rolling speed.
Another embodiment of the invention provides for an arrangement of the components in line with a curve of 180° upstream of the finishing mill in order to further reduce the overall length of said plant by approximately 50 meters.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| M12005A0315 | Mar 2005 | IT | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2006/060353 | 3/1/2006 | WO | 00 | 8/29/2007 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006/092404 | 9/8/2006 | WO | A |
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4054047 | Sclippa | Oct 1977 | A |
| 4307594 | Steinbock | Dec 1981 | A |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 0 411688 | Feb 1991 | EP |
| 1 187 686 | Jul 2003 | EP |
| 1214159 | Jan 1990 | IT |
| 61147914 | Jul 1986 | JP |
| WO 02070156 | Sep 2002 | WO |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20080196236 A1 | Aug 2008 | US |
