Patent Grant
10677235
The present invention relates to a compression device which compresses gas.
Recently, a hydrogen station which supplies hydrogen gas to a fuel cell-powered vehicle is proposed. In the hydrogen station, a compression device which supplies hydrogen gas in a compressed state in order to fill the fuel cell-powered vehicle with hydrogen gas efficiently is used. The compression device is provided with a compressor which compresses hydrogen gas, and a gas cooler which cools the hydrogen gas whose temperature is raised by being compressed by the compressor. As the gas cooler, for example, the use of a plate-type heat exchanger as indicated in the following Patent Document 1 is proposed.
The plate-type heat exchanger consists of a laminated body in which a number of plates are laminated. Between the laminated plates, flow passages for allowing fluid to flow therethrough are formed respectively. Then, within the heat exchanger, heat exchange between fluids flowing respectively to the flow passages next to each other in the lamination direction of the plates is conducted.
By the way, in the above compression device, a lot of pipes for connecting the compressor and the gas cooler are required. Therefore, there is a need to secure a wide installation space. Moreover, the hydrogen gas discharged from the compressor is at high pressure, so that pipes of high strength and high pressure resistance are required. Hence, the manufacturing cost of the compression device is increased. Moreover, in the above compression device, there is also a need to prevent leakage of hydrogen gas from the pipes.
An object of the present invention is to miniaturize a compression device.
A compression device according to one aspect of the present invention is provided with a reciprocating compressor which compresses gas, and a heat exchanger which cools the gas compressed by the compressor. The heat exchanger is provided with a cooling unit which cools gas, and a connection unit which abuts on the outside surface of the compressor and has a gas inlet passage to allow the gas discharged from a compression chamber of the compressor to flow into the cooling unit.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
A compression device according to a first embodiment of the present invention is a device used in a hydrogen station which supplies hydrogen to a fuel cell-powered vehicle, for example.
As shown in
The compressor 2 is a reciprocating compressor. The compressor 2 has a crankcase 6, a crankshaft 8, a drive unit (not shown), a cross guide 10, a cross head 12, a connecting rod 14, a compression unit 16, and a supply and exhaust unit 18.
Within the crankcase 6, the crankshaft 8 is rotatably provided about a horizontal axis. The drive unit (not shown) is connected to the crankshaft 8. The drive unit transmits power to the crankshaft 8 to rotate the crankshaft 8.
The cross guide 10 is a cylindrical member continuously provided to the crankcase 6. Within the cross guide 10, the cross head 12 is accommodated so as to be able to reciprocate in the axial direction of the cross guide 10. The connecting rod 14 couples the crankshaft 8 and the cross head 12. The connecting rod 14 converts rotary motion of the crankshaft 8 to linear reciprocating motion and transmits it to the cross head 12.
The compression unit 16 is a region to compress hydrogen gas. The compression unit 16 has a tubular cylinder part 20 joined to the cross guide 10, a piston 22 accommodated in a cylinder chamber 20a within the cylinder part 20 so as to be able to reciprocate in the axial direction, and a piston rod 24 which couples the piston 22 and the cross head 12. Between the cylinder chamber 20a and the piston 22, a compression chamber 20b in which hydrogen gas is compressed is formed. An opening 26 is formed in the compression chamber 20b. A bulkhead 25 is provided between the cylinder part 20 and the cross guide 10.
The supply and exhaust unit 18 is a region to supply hydrogen gas to the compression chamber 20b and exhaust from the compression chamber 20b. The supply and exhaust unit 18 has a supply and exhaust unit housing 28, a suction valve 30, a suction-side flange 32, and a discharge valve 34.
The supply and exhaust unit housing 28 is joined to the cylinder part 20. The supply and exhaust unit housing 28 has a communication passage 28a which communicates with the opening 26 of the cylinder part 20, a suction passage 28b, and a discharge passage 28c. The suction passage 28b and the discharge passage 28c extend in the vertical direction. The communication passage 28a and the opening 26 link the compression chamber 20b to the suction passage 28b and the discharge passage 28c.
Within the suction passage 28b, the suction valve 30 being a check valve is installed. In an opening part of the suction passage 28b, the suction-side flange 32 is inserted and fixed. To the suction-side flange 32, a supply pipe 36 for supplying hydrogen gas is connected. Within the discharge passage 28c, the discharge valve 34 being a check valve is installed. It should be noted that in the compression device, electromagnetic valves or the like may be used as the suction valve and the discharge valve.
The gas cooler 4 has a body part 38, an inlet joint 40, a supply header 42, and a recovery header 44.
The hydrogen gas plate 46 is a rectangular flat plate formed of stainless steel. The hydrogen gas plate 46 is provided with an inlet passage through-hole 46d, an exhaust passage through-hole 46e, and a plurality of hydrogen gas flow passage groove parts 46a formed on one surface.
The cooling water plate 48 is a rectangular flat plate formed of stainless steel as with the hydrogen gas plate 46. The cooling water plate 48 is provided with an inlet passage through-hole 48b, an exhaust passage through-hole 48c, and a plurality of cooling water flow passage groove parts 48a formed on one plate surface. In the end plate 50, a through-hole 50b is formed.
The body part 38 is a laminated body formed by alternately laminating a plurality of cooling water plates 48 and a plurality of hydrogen gas plates 46 between a pair of end plates 50. However, the end plate 50 of the lower part of the body part 38 is disposed in a state that
In the body part 38, a gas inlet passage 52 (see
In
As shown in
At the time of driving the compression device, hydrogen gas is supplied to the compression chamber 20b from the supply pipe 36 via the suction valve 30, and the piston 22 contracts the compression chamber 20b, thereby hydrogen gas is compressed. The pressure of hydrogen gas becomes about 82 MPa, and the temperature thereof becomes about 150° C. The compressed hydrogen gas flows into the cooling unit 861 via the gas inlet passage 52 of the gas cooler 4 from the discharge valve 34.
In the cooling unit 861, hydrogen gas exchanges heat with the cooling water flowing through the cooling water flow passage 57 in the middle of flowing through the micro flow passage 54 and thereby is cooled. The cooled hydrogen gas is exhausted from the exhaust pipe 51.
Hereinbefore, while the compression device according to the first embodiment has been described, in the compression device according to the first embodiment, pipes between the compressor 2 and the gas cooler 4 can be omitted because the gas cooler 4 is fixed directly to the compressor 2. As a result, the installation space of pipes is not required, and the compression device can be miniaturized. Moreover, the number of pipes can be reduced, so that the manufacturing cost of the compression device can be reduced. Further, pipe joint spots that need to check leakage of hydrogen gas, can be reduced.
In the compression device, by utilizing the microchannel heat exchanger as the gas cooler 4, hydrogen gas can be efficiently cooled while securing strength. The inlet joint 40 is inserted into the discharge passage 28c of the compressor 2 and fixed thereto, so that the gas cooler 4 can be fixed to the compressor 2 more firmly. In the gas cooler 4, the inlet joint 40 can be formed of a member different from the body part 38. Therefore, even if the gas cooler 4 is combined with the other compressor, by producing the inlet joint 40 so as to match the shape of the discharge passage of the other compressor, the gas cooler 4 can be easily attached to the other compressor 2. Thus, design freedom of the compression device can be improved. It should be noted that if the body part 38 and the supply and exhaust unit housing 28 are substantially abutted, a resin material used for sealing may be interposed between the body part 38 and the supply and exhaust unit housing 28. The same applies to the following other embodiments.
As shown in
The first compression unit 61 has a first cylinder part 63 and a first piston 64. The second compression unit 62 has a second cylinder part 66 formed integrally with the first cylinder part 63, and a second piston 67 formed integrally with the first piston 64.
The first cylinder part 63 is joined to the cross guide 10. In the first cylinder part 63, a first cylinder chamber 63a which accommodates the first piston 64 so as to be able to reciprocate is formed. In the second cylinder part 66, a second cylinder chamber 66a which accommodates the second piston 67 so as to be able to reciprocate is formed. The first cylinder chamber 63a and the second cylinder chamber 66a are both spaces of circular cross section. The second cylinder chamber 66a has a smaller diameter than the first cylinder chamber 63a. To the end on the cross guide 10 side of the first piston 64, a piston rod 24 linked to the cross head 12 is attached. The second piston 67 extends to the opposite side of the piston rod 24 from the first piston 64. The first piston 64 and the second piston 67 are both formed into a columnar shape. The second piston 67 has a smaller diameter than the first piston 64.
Between the first cylinder chamber 63a and the first piston 64, a first compression chamber 63b in which hydrogen gas is compressed is formed. Between the second cylinder chamber 66a and the second piston 67, a second compression chamber 66b in which the hydrogen gas compressed in the first compression chamber 63b is further compressed is formed.
In the first suction valve accommodating chamber 96a, a first suction valve 74a is accommodated. The first suction valve 74a is fixed by a first suction valve fixing flange 75a. The first suction-side communication passage 70a communicates the first compression chamber 63b and the first suction valve accommodating chamber 96a. In the first discharge valve accommodating chamber 69b, a first discharge valve 74b is accommodated. The first discharge valve 74b is fixed by a first discharge valve fixing flange 75b. The first discharge-side communication passage 70b communicates the first compression chamber 63b and the first discharge valve accommodating chamber 69b.
The first suction passage 71 is disposed on the upper side of the first suction valve accommodating chamber 96a. The first suction passage 71 extends downward from the upper surface of the first cylinder part 63 and is linked to the first suction valve accommodating chamber 96a. To the upper end of the first suction passage 71, a supply pipe 76 for supplying hydrogen gas from a supply source (not shown) is connected. The first discharge passage 72 extends from the first discharge valve accommodating chamber 69b to the lower surface of the first cylinder part 63. The first discharge passage 72 has a first discharge passage opening 72a which opens on the lower surface of the first cylinder part 63. In the lower surface of the first cylinder part 63, a circular groove surrounding the first discharge passage opening 72a is formed. In the circular groove around the first discharge passage opening 72a, a seal 72b is fitted.
The second suction passage 80 is disposed on the lower side of the second valve accommodating chamber 78. The second suction passage 80 extends upward from the lower surface of the second cylinder part 66 and is linked to the second valve accommodating chamber 78. The second suction passage 80 has a second suction passage opening 80a which opens on the lower surface of the second cylinder part 66. The lower surface of the second cylinder part 66 and the lower surface of the first cylinder part 63 are flush and are formed in a plane. In the lower surface of the second cylinder part 66, a circular groove surrounding the second suction passage opening 80a is formed. In the circular groove around the second suction passage opening 80a, a seal 80b is fitted. The second discharge passage 81 is disposed on the upper side of the second discharge valve accommodating chamber 78b. The second discharge passage 81 extends downward from the upper surface of the second cylinder part 66. To the upper end of the second discharge passage 81, a communication pipe 85 is connected.
As shown in
In the gas cooler 4, the first cooling unit 86 shown in
Moreover, the second cooling unit 87 is formed by alternately and repeatedly laminating the cooling water plates 48 and the hydrogen gas plates 46 between the end plate 50a disposed on the lower side and the partition plate 88. However, in the second cooling unit 87, the positional relationship between the distribution unit groove part 46b and the recovery unit groove part 46c and the positional relationship between the inlet passage through-hole 46d and the exhaust passage through-hole 46e in the hydrogen gas plate 46, are opposite to the case of the hydrogen gas plate 46 of the first cooling unit 86 respectively. Moreover, in the second cooling unit 87, the positional relationship between the inlet passage through-hole 48b and the exhaust passage through-hole 48c in the cooling water plate 48 is opposite to the case of the first cooling unit 86. Moreover, the positional relationship between the inlet passage through-hole 50b and the exhaust passage through-hole 50d in the end plate 50a is opposite to the case of the first cooling unit 86.
By communicating the inlet passage through-holes 46d, 48b, and 50b, the second gas inlet passage 52b shown in
The upper surface of the body part 38 vertically abuts on the outside surfaces of the first and the second cylinder parts 63, 66. The first discharge passage opening 72a formed in the lower side of the first compression chamber 63b and the opening 52c of the first gas inlet passage 52a of the gas cooler 4 vertically overlap. The second suction passage opening 80a formed in the lower side of the second compression chamber 66b and the opening 53c of the first gas exhaust passage 53a of the gas cooler 4 vertically overlap. In addition, around the first discharge passage opening 72a, a seal 72b for preventing leakage of hydrogen gas is provided. Around the second suction passage opening 80a, a seal 80b for preventing leakage of hydrogen gas is provided.
At the time of driving the compression device, hydrogen gas is sucked into the first compression chamber 63b via the first suction valve 74a (see
Hydrogen gas flows to a micro flow passage 54 formed by the hydrogen gas flow passage groove part 46a (see
The cooled hydrogen gas is exhausted to the second compression chamber 66b from the first cooling unit 86 via the first gas exhaust passage 53a. In the second compression chamber 66b, hydrogen gas is further compressed by the second piston 67. The hydrogen gas compressed in the second compression chamber 66b is discharged to the communication pipe 85 through the second discharge passage 81. The hydrogen gas discharged to the communication pipe 85 flows into the second gas inlet passage 52b of the second cooling unit 87. The hydrogen gas flowed into the second gas inlet passage 52b flows to the second exhaust passage 53b and exhausted to an exhaust pipe 89 after being cooled in the second cooling unit 87.
As discussed above, in the gas cooler 4, a region forming the first gas inlet passage 52a plays a role as a connection unit which connects the first compression chamber 63b of the compressor 2 with the first cooling unit 86, and a region forming the first gas exhaust passage 53a plays a role as a connection unit which connects the second compression chamber 66b of the compressor 2 with the first cooling unit 86.
Also in the second embodiment, the gas cooler 4 is fixed directly to the compressor 2, thereby capable of miniaturizing the compression device. Moreover, the manufacturing cost of the compression device can be reduced by reducing the number of components. Also pipe joint spots that need to check leakage of hydrogen gas, can be also reduced. In the second embodiment, cooling of the hydrogen gas discharged from the first and the second compression chambers 63b, 66b is conducted in one gas cooler 4, so that the compression device can be further miniaturized.
Next, with reference to
As shown in
In one side surface of the body part 38 of the gas cooler 4, the introduction port 94 and the exhaust port 97 for hydrogen gas are formed. The gas introduction passage 95a extends below the body part 38 from the introduction port 94, and opens to the lower surface of the body part 38. Hereinafter, an opening of the gas introduction passage 95a is referred to as “an introduction passage opening 95c”. The first gas inlet passage 52a extends to the first cooling unit 86 from the lower surface of the body part 38. Hereinafter, an opening of the first gas inlet passage 52a in the lower surface of the body part 38 is referred to as “a first inlet passage opening 52c”. The first gas exhaust passage 53a extends downward from a recovery unit 56 of the first cooling unit 86, and opens to the lower surface of the body part 38. Hereinafter, an opening of the first gas exhaust passage 53a is referred to as “a first exhaust passage opening 53c”.
The second gas inlet passage 52b extends to the second cooling unit 87 from the lower surface of the body part 38. Hereinafter, an opening of the second gas inlet passage 52b in the lower surface of the body part 38 is referred to as “a second inlet passage opening 52d”. The gas derivation passage 96 extends to the exhaust port 97 from the recovery unit 56 of the second cooling unit 87.
As shown in
At the time of driving the compression device, the hydrogen gas introduced from the introduction port 94 of the gas cooler 4 shown in
Thus, in the gas cooler 4, a region forming the first gas inlet passage 52a, a region forming the first gas exhaust passage 53a, and a region forming the second gas inlet passage 52b play a role as a connection unit which connects the compression chambers 63b, 66b of the compressor 2 with the cooling units 86, 87.
Also in the third embodiment, the compression device can be miniaturized as with the other embodiments. The manufacturing cost of the compression device also can be reduced. In the compression device, the first cooling unit 86 may be disposed on the lower side of the second cooling unit 87. Moreover, the first cooling unit 86 may be provided on the upper side of the first compression chamber 63b, and the second cooling unit 87 may be provided on the upper side of the second compression chamber 66b. The compression device may have a vertically inverted structure of the above-mentioned structure of the compressor 2 and the gas cooler 4.
In addition, it should be considered that the embodiments disclosed herein are exemplary and not restrictive in all respects. The scope of the present invention is expressed by not the above described embodiments but claims, and includes the meaning equivalent to claims and all modifications within the scope.
For example, as the heat exchanger, heat exchangers other than the microchannel heat exchanger may be used. For example, as the heat exchanger, various plate-type heat exchangers such as a plate-fin type heat exchanger may be used. The plat-fin type heat exchanger has a structure different from the microchannel heat exchanger in the way of processing of the groove shape and the way of bonding the laminated layers but similar to the microchannel heat exchanger in function. Moreover, tube-type heat exchangers may be used as the heat exchanger.
In the second embodiment, a composite valve may be used instead of the first suction valve 74a and the first discharge valve 74b shown in
In the second embodiment and the third embodiment described above, by closely contacting the end surface of the cylinder part of the compressor and the end surface of the heat exchanger body of the gas cooler, the flow passages of the compressor and the flow passages of the heat exchanger body are directly connected. This configuration may be applied to a compression device using a single-stage compression type compressor. Moreover, the above configuration may be applied to a compression device in which the cross guide and the cylinder part are vertically joined in such a manner that the moving direction of the piston becomes the vertical direction, and in which the gas cooler is attached to the side surface of the cylinder part.
The hydrogen gas flow passage may be formed in a meandering shape on the plate surface of the hydrogen gas plate, and the cooling water flow passage may be formed in a meandering shape on the plate surface of the cooling water plate. According to this configuration, the surface area of the hydrogen gas flow passage and the cooling water flow passage can be increased, and hydrogen gas can be more effectively cooled. The compression device of the above embodiments may be used for compression of gas such as helium gas or natural gas lighter than air other than hydrogen gas, and may be used for compression of gas such as carbon dioxide. The technique for directly connecting the gas cooler to the compressor may be applied to a compression device having three-stage or more compression unit.
The above embodiments will be summarized as follows.
A compression device according to the above embodiments is provided with a reciprocating compressor which compresses gas, and a heat exchanger which cools the gas compressed by the compressor. The heat exchanger is provided with a cooling unit which cools gas, and a connection unit which abuts on the outside surface of the compressor and has a gas inlet passage to allow the gas discharged from a compression chamber of the compressor to flow into the cooling unit.
In this compression device, the compressor and the heat exchanger are connected without passing through pipes, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced. The installation space of pipes is not required, and the compression device can be miniaturized. Moreover, the fear of gas leakage between the compressor and the heat exchanger can be reduced.
In the above compression device, the compressor may be provided with the other compression chamber in which the gas compressed in the compression chamber is further compressed. The connection unit may further have a gas exhaust passage which exhausts gas to the other compression chamber from the cooling unit.
In this case, the heat exchanger may be further provided with the other cooling unit which cools the gas discharged from the other compression chamber. The connection unit may further have the other gas inlet passage to allow gas to flow into the other cooling unit from the other compression chamber.
Further in this case, the compressor may be provided with a first valve accommodating chamber disposed between the compression chamber and the heat exchanger, and a second valve accommodating chamber disposed between the other compression chamber and the heat exchanger. The first valve accommodating chamber may accommodate a first suction valve which leads gas to the compression chamber, and a first discharge valve which discharges gas to the cooling unit via the gas inlet passage from the compression chamber. The second valve accommodating chamber may accommodate a second suction valve which leads the gas exhausted from the cooling unit, to the other compression chamber via the gas exhaust passage, and a second discharge valve which discharges gas to the other cooling unit via the other gas inlet passage from the other compression chamber.
In the compression device, the heat exchanger may be a laminated body in which the layers on which a plurality of micro flow passages to allow the gas flowed into from the compressor to flow therethrough are arranged, and the layers on which a plurality of cooling water flow passages to allow cooling water for cooling the gas to flow therethrough are arranged, are alternately laminated.
According to this configuration, good cooling efficiency of gas can be obtained. The heat exchanger can be easily attached to the compressor.
In the above compression device, the connection unit may be provided with an insertion part to be inserted in the gas flow passage within the compressor.
According to this configuration, the compressor and the heat exchanger can be firmly fixed to each other.
As discussed above, according to the above embodiments, the compression device can be miniaturized.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2013-022993 | Feb 2013 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2014/000589 | 2/4/2014 | WO | 00 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014/122923 | 8/14/2014 | WO | A |
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