1. Technical Field
The present invention relates to thermal therapy systems in general, including therapeutic cooling, heating, and compression systems used in association therewith, and more particularly, but not by way of limitation, to a programmable, sequential compression system adapted for high thermal contrast modality, and incorporating multiple, independently controllable chambers in a thermal therapy blanket.
2. Description of the Related Art
Medical care providers have long recognized the need to provide warmth and cooling directly to patients as part of their treatment and therapy. Better recoveries have been reported using cold therapy for orthopedic patients. The benefits of warming patients undergoing surgery has been conclusively proven. It is also desirable to cool portions of a patient's anatomy in certain circumstances. Yet another advantageous therapy is the application of heat then cold to certain areas of injury.
Several devices have been developed that deliver temperature controlled fluids through pads or convective thermal blankets to achieve the above purpose. Typically these devices have a heating or a cooling element, a source for the fluid, a pump for forcing the fluid through the pad or blanket, and a thermal interface between the patient and the temperature controlled fluid. U.S. Pat. No. 4,884,304 to Elkins is directed to a mattress cover device which contains liquid flow channels which provide the selective heating or cooling by conduction.
Devices have also been developed for providing heat to a person in bed. Electric blankets containing electric heating elements have been used for years to warm a person in bed.
Cooling blankets, such as the blanket disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,660,388 to Greene, have also been proposed. Greene discloses a cooling cover having an inflatable pad with plenum chambers at opposite ends thereof. Cool air is generated in a separate unit and directed to the pad and out a number of apertures on the underside of the pad and against the body of the person using the cover.
A disposable heating or cooling blanket is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,125,238 to Ragan, et al which has three layers of flexible sheeting. Two of the layers form an air chamber and the third includes a comfortable layer for contact with the patient. Conditioned air is directed toward the covered person through a multiplicity of orifices in the bottom layers of the blanket.
A temperature controlled blanket and bedding assembly is disclosed in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 5,989,285 to DeVilbiss et al., the disclosure of which describes a temperature controlled blanket and temperature control bedding system which has the provision of both recirculating temperature controlled fluid and temperature controlled gas to enhance performance for convectively heating or cooling a patient. Counter-flow or co-flow heat exchanging principles between the temperature controlled liquid and the temperature controlled gas achieve temperature uniformity across different sections of the blanket and the bedding system. Drapes and the temperature controlled bedding system provided temperature controlled envelope around a person using the bedding system. In one embodiment of the bedding system, the air portion of the bedding system is provided for use with a patient that supplies the fluid portion of the overall bedding system. In another embodiment of the bedding system, the fluid portion of the bedding system is provided for use with a patient bed which supplies the air portion of the overall bedding system.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,097,829 to Quisenberry describes an improved temperature controlled fluid circulating system for automatically cooling a temperature controlled fluid in a thermal blanket with a thermoelectric cooling device having a cold side and a hot side when powered by electricity. The temperature controlled fluid is cooled by the cold side of the cooling device and pumped through, to, and from the blanket through first and second conduits.
The present invention relates to a sequential compression blanket for use with heating or cooling therapy. In one aspect, an embodiment of the blanket comprises a plurality of air chambers and a valve assembly. The valve assembly controls the flow of air to each air chamber in order to provide sequential, pulsing, or constant compression to the patient.
In another aspect, one embodiment of the invention includes a compression therapy blanket comprising a plurality of gas, such as air, chambers for receiving a gas to cause compressions, a valve assembly, internal to the compression therapy blanket, for delivering gas to each of the plurality of air chambers in a predetermined pattern, an inlet port for delivering air from a control unit to the valve assemblies, and a plurality of connection for delivering gas from the valve assembly to the plurality of gas/air chambers. The plurality of gas/air chambers may comprise four to seven chambers and an electrical signal connection may be provided for transmitting data related to the predetermined pattern to the valve assembly. One embodiment includes the predetermined pattern comprises sequential inflation of the plurality of chambers to produce series of compression movements peripherally toward the heart of a patient, while another embodiment includes inflating two of the plurality of gas/air chambers simultaneously.
In yet another aspect, the above described compression therapy blanket further comprises a heat transfer fluid bladder for providing temperature therapy to a portion of a patient. The bladder includes a fluid inlet port for delivering heat transfer fluid from the control unit to the heat transfer fluid bladder and a fluid outlet port for delivering heat transfer fluid from the heat transfer fluid bladder to the control unit. The heat transfer fluid bladder delivers thermal therapy to a patient in the form of heat or cold or alternating heat and cold.
In yet another aspect, one embodiment of the invention includes a temperature therapy blanket comprising, a fluid bladder for housing heat transfer fluid, the fluid bladder having a top layer and a bottom layer, a plurality of connections for dispersing the heat transfer fluid throughout the blanket, the plurality of connections connecting the top layer to the bottom layer of the fluid bladder, at least one partition for directing the flow of the heat transfer fluid through the bladder; and means for providing sequenced flows of alternating heat and cold in a high thermal contrast modality to a patient.
In another embodiment of the invention, the above-described temperature therapy blanket further comprises an air bladder disposed outwardly of the fluid bladder in an overlapping relationship therewith for providing select compression therapy, the air bladder having an upper layer and a lower layer and an inlet port for providing air from the control unit to the air bladder.
Yet a further aspect includes one embodiment of the invention comprising a system for passing heat transfer fluid between a control unit and a blanket. The system comprises a reservoir for housing heat transfer fluid for utilization by the system, a flow network in flow communication with the reservoir and including a junction having at least three branches, wherein a first branch receives heat transfer fluid from the reservoir, a second branch receives the heat transfer fluid returning from the blanket, and a third branch for delivering the heat transfer fluid to the blanket, and a pump for creating a low pressure site at the third branch, wherein the low pressure site causes the heat transfer fluid from the second branch to be pulled into the third branch. In one embodiment of the invention, the three-point junction is generally configured as an inverted Y from a fluid flow standpoint.
A more complete understanding of the method and apparatus of the present invention may be obtained by reference to the following Detailed Description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying Drawings wherein:
Referring to
The control unit 4 receives data and manipulates any one of a plurality of therapeutic characteristics of the blanket 8 based on the data. The blanket 8 is adapted for the administration of hot, cold, and/or compression therapies to a body portion of the patient. For example, the blanket 8 may extend from the fingertips to the shoulder, the toes to the hip, or various other configurations. Current thermal design requirements for temperature therapy in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention are as follows: 1) the system must be able to heat the fluid from around 49° F. to around 105° F. with the largest blanket attached to a typical man at an ambient of 77° F. within 10 minutes, 2) the system must be able to cool the fluid from 105° F. to 49° F. with the largest blanket attached to a typical man at an ambient of 77° F. within 20 minutes, and 3) the system must cool the fluid to 37° F. at an ambient of 77° F. within 90 minutes. These requirements should be with a minimum compression of 25 mm Hg. In addition, according to some embodiments, the blanket 8 may diffuse oxygen into the portion of the body. The connector 10 provides a fluid and/or gas connection between the control unit 4 and the blanket 8 for the transfer of gas and heat transfer fluid. The connector 10 may also allow for transfer of electrical sensor signals and/or data signals between the blanket 8 and the control unit 4. The emergency relief valve 9 is utilized to quickly decompress the blanket 8 if needed.
Referring now to
Referring now to
Coupled to the control circuitry 300 is the pre-cooling and pre-heating circuitry 302 which heats and/or cools the temperature of the heat transfer fluid prior to the application of the blanket 8 to the patient. Thermal profile circuitry 304, patient profile circuitry 306, and compression profile circuitry 312 allow the user of the patient therapy system 2 to apply compression and/or thermal therapy to a patient according to preset values which depend on the type of injury and physical attributes of the patient. Exemplary attributes of the patient, thermal, and/or compression profiles are illustrated in Table 1 below.
As illustrated in Table 1, a record of the actual use of the temperature therapy blanket may be recorded by the Year, Month, Day, Hour, and Minute attributes. The temperature therapy settings and compression settings may also be stored via the Coolant Set Temp and Compression Set attributes. The actual temperature and compression may be stored via the Coolant Temp and Compression Reading attributes. The particular therapy mode chosen is assigned to the Therapy Mode attribute. For example, the patient may wish to apply cooling therapy without compression, heat therapy without compression, contrast therapy without compression, cooling therapy with compression, heat therapy with compression, contrast therapy with compression, or compression without temperature therapy. The profiles and usage data may also be sent to a computer or printed for medical records, etc.
The detection circuitry 316 is coupled to the control circuitry 300 and to the connector 10 of
The control circuitry 300, in conjunction with the memory 314, thermal profile circuitry 304, patient profile circuitry 306, time duration circuitry 308, and compression profile circuitry 312 provides cooling and heating therapy with a programmable set point between 37 and 66° F. and 90 and 105° F. The control circuitry 300 allows for contrast therapy programmable for alternating between cooling for a predetermined time interval and heating for a predetermined time interval, or constant therapy for only heating or only cooling for a predetermined time interval. The control circuitry 300 also allows for compression therapy separate from, or in conjunction with, the contrast or constant thermal therapy. Compression therapy enhances thermal contact for more efficient thermal transfer with the tissue under therapy. The compression therapy may also provide pulse compression by alternating between a plurality of chosen pressure levels to gently, but firmly pulse massage the tissue. Compression therapy that sequentially compresses a portion of the patient under therapy may also be initiated from the control circuitry 300. Further, the control circuitry 300, in conjunction with the memory 314, may provide optional electronic recording of therapy patient identification and chosen thermal, contrast, constant, compression, and/or oxygen treatment levels applied with time indicators and duration indicators of each treatment mode as noted above with respect to Table 1. The patient may optionally readout, print, and/or electronically retain the therapy patient record within the memory 50. Moreover, the control circuitry 300 may provide a bio-impedance measurement to estimate the total body water content to assess hydration conditions. Also, an exemplary embodiment of the patient therapy system 2 of
Referring now to
Referring now to
Referring now to
Referring now to
In an exemplary embodiment shown in
Referring now to
Referring now to
Referring now to
The valve assembly 608 receives sequencing instructions from an electrical line 612 that connects to the control unit 4. The electrical line 612 may also provide for communication of other data, such as sensor data or oxygenation data, between the blanket 8 and the control unit 4. For example, the blanket 8 may include temperature sensors to determine the temperature of the heat transfer fluid within the blanket 8. The sensor data is then transmitted to the control unit 4, via the electrical line 612, so that the control unit 4 may adjust the cooling or heating of the heat transfer fluid as necessary.
Referring now to
Referring now to
Referring now to
Referring now to
The previous description is of a preferred embodiment for implementing the invention, and the scope of the invention should not necessarily be limited by this description. The scope of the present invention is instead defined by the following claims.
The present application is a divisional application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/894,369, filed Jul. 19, 2004 entitled, “COMPRESSION SEQUENCED THERMAL THERAPY SYSTEM,” which claims the benefit of, and incorporates by reference for any purpose the entire disclosure of, U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. Nos. 60/488,709 filed Jul. 18, 2003; 60/550,658 filed Mar. 5, 2004; and 60/588,453, filed Jul. 16, 2004. This application is also related to, and hereby incorporates by reference, commonly assigned U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,097,829, 5,989,285, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/328,183 filed Jun. 8, 1998.
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