FIELD OF INVENTION
Inventions disclosed herein relate generally to convenience kits and associated applications for medical procedures involving methods for sterilizing, transferring and capping medical syringes which require sterile conditions in processing, storage and pre-use. Of particular note, the convenience kits and methods of use are applied to steps which can occur in a potentially contaminating environment and still produce a sterile product. Therefore, the field of invention is particularly related to pre-sterilized kits and to methods which employ preassembled parts provided sterilized within the protective enclosure of a closed and sealed apparatus having only a pathway or pathways into the apparatus through sterilizing assemblies. Such apparatus is primarily used for introducing medical product therein, thereby providing a fully prepared sterile preparation without requiring employment of a laminar flow hood or other sterilization assurance level (SAL) product manipulating devices. Such kits, made according to instant inventions disclosed herein, are provided particularly made for preparing drugs which are hazardous and those which can be used in very small doses and which are often very costly. Each convenience kit is a single-use tool which is specifically designed and assembled to be used in preparation of one particular medicine per kit use. Of particular note, inventions disclosed herein are related to methods and apparatus for drawing medicine supplied in bulk in a container such as a medical vial, sterilizing the medicine en route to displacing the medicine into a sterile vessel (which is preferably a medical syringe) for use, while assuring the medicine, being displaced is sterilized and in a closed container before being displaced into a potentially contaminating environment. In general, methods, disclosed herein, are meant to be used for transferring, or, in some way, altering concentration or character of the medicine following known current medicine preparation techniques and not, in any way, for producing a new version of the medicine. As examples, a particular application for the present invention is use in preparing vitreous substitutes and mitomycin in the field of ophthalmology, and for providing a rapid and convenient way of preparing hazardous drugs, especially those which have a short lifetime, with confidence and safety.
DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART
In current practice, vitreous substitute medicine, usually supplied from a manufacturer in vials, is generally prepared for injection using a laminar flow hood for sterility maintenance. Such practice requires special gowning and technical training to assure that safe and effective levels of sterility are attained, as defined in USP Chapter 797. The following U.S. Pat. Nos. 10,555,872 B2, 10,800,556 B2 and 10,940,087 B2, disclose methods and apparatus for mixing, sterilizing filling vessels sans a laminar flow hood or like equipment. Such methods are taught to employ a convenience kit comprising a bag (a kit bag) in which syringes are disposed to be filled and at least one sterilizing filter assembly affixed to the bag to provide the only pathway into the bag through a sterilizing grade filter for medicine preparation and transit. The bag and associated parts within the bag are pre-sterilized, and remain sterile as medicine is displaced into the bag and into vessels which are capped before the closed bag is opened for access to the vessels and medicine contained therein. However, methods, applications and breadth of scope disclosed and claimed for the instant inventions disclosed herein were neither foreseen nor disclosed in the prior related art.
TABLE OF DEFINITIONS
Following is a table of a list of words and phrases with definitions clarifying their use in this document:
- apparatus for controlled access of raw medicine from a source container (access apparatus), n: a combination of devices which provide fluid communication with a source container, permit controlled drawing of a bolus of liquid raw medicine, which may be hazardous, from the source container and delivering all or a portion of the bolus of liquid to a filter assembly.
- at least one, n: one or more.
- cap, n: a device used to cover an otherwise exposed orifice of a syringe or other container to maintain sterility of syringe contents thereby.
- cap plate, n: a device which is designed to hold a plurality of syringe caps and by which caps can be affixed to syringes one at a time.
- catch, n: a stop for securing a plunger rod in place.
- controlled displacement device, n: a device which provides for digital control for drawing raw medicine from a source container and delivering the raw medicine to a filter assembly.
- dose syringe, n: a syringe which is filled with medicine prepared for use in a medical procedure.
- dripless connector, n: a device with a fitting disposed as a communicating link with a receiving container, as an example a syringe, for filling and, thereafter, when detached, does so without spillage of sterilized medicine.
- exterior source assembly, n: an assembly of parts which receives sterile medicine from an external source and is used for providing raw medicine to a filter assembly.
- filling, v: displacement of liquid into a vessel (e.g. a syringe) generally limited to an amount consistent with a desired quantity of medicine to be displaced into the vessel.
- filter, n: a sterilizing filter which is considered to sterilize all fluid which is passed there through, such filters generally have a 0.2 micron filtering capability and so filter all fluids until becoming wet when such a filter will not pass gas. This inherent gas blockage feature is commonly used to test filter efficacy by a “bubble” test performed at the end of a liquid sterilizing medical form.
- filter assembly, n: a fluid transmission assembly, consisting of a filter and other parts, having a purpose of communicating fluid into a kit bag via a pathway such that only raw medicine derived from a source is dispatched as a sterile product to an internal source vessel disposed in a sterile environment inside a kit bag.
- finger flange restraint, n: a planar pattern disposed about a syringe holding well of a tray, the pattern being sized and shaped to capture and hold a finger flange for resisting syringe rotation and displacement from the well.
- fishing, v: using multiple attempts to displace an item for insertion which requires precise positioning under conditions which do not permit clear visibility.
- fitting, n: a fluid pathway connecting device, generally a luer connector which is well known in medical art.
- interior source assembly, n: an assembly of parts from which sterilized medicine can be delivered to dose syringes via a dripless connector which precludes loss due to spillage.
- interior source container, n: a container which receives sterile medicine from an external source assembly through a sterilizing filter and is used for transporting sterile medicine to each syringe in the kit bag, such medicine may be drawn into an affixed dose syringe by displacement of the dose syringe plunger; after each syringe draw the container acting to contain gas (air) trapped by luer fitting insertion and, thereby, resulting in only delivering liquid into the dose syringe and receiving and storing all gas associated with the dose syringe/container interface.
- interior source assembly, n: an assembly of an interior source container and a dripless connector used for communicating, without spillage, sterilized medicine to dose syringes.
- kit bag(bag), n: a plastic bag, being a part of a convenience kit, used for providing a protected space wherein a closed (sterile) environment disposed therein provides for safe and effective preparation of a prescribed medicine, the bag being made from pliant, preferably transparent material which is strong enough to resist rupturing when used as part of the convenience kit and yet sufficiently pliant to provide for manipulation of associated convenience kit devices affixed to and disposed within the bag to be used in a medicine preparation process, the bag, generally, comprising a single hole through which a filter assembly comprising a sterilizing filter communicates sterilized fluid into the bag, the hole being closed and sealed about a portion of the filter assembly by a gasket disposed between a fitting affixed to a part of the filter assembly inside the bag and an exposed surface of the filter exterior to the hole and the bag to assure maintenance of a predetermined SAL within the bag provided by sterilization before use.
- latch, n: a stop for securing syringe barrel finger flanges in place.
- measurement well, n: a cylindrical structure wherein a dose syringe is disposed for accurate filling, the well comprising a bottom which, in combination with an introductory hole through a surface through which a syringe plunger rod is displaced and a shelf upon which finger flanges are disposed, providing stops which precisely determines dose containment volume of an associated syringe.
- plate, n: a planar appliance for holding a plurality of syringe caps in a pattern like an associated array of syringes in a syringe tray for the purpose of facility in capping each syringe.
- raw medicine, n: medicine, supplied exterior to the bag, which must be sterilized before use.
- SAL, n: Sterility Assurance Level.
- stop, n: a feature of a well which precisely limits displacement of a part, such as a plunger rod of a syringe, disposed therein relative to an associated finger flange of the syringe to accurately provide a measurement point for determining volume of liquid communicated into the syringe.
- syringe, n: a device used for transferring and displacing fluid in a medical application; each syringe having an elongated and substantially constant diameter hollow barrel having an opening at one end where through a plunger and associated plunger rod are impelled to displace fluid resulting from forceful contact between an end button on the plunger rod and finger flanges disposed about the end opening, the barrel having a spout at the other end, preferably comprising a male luer fitting and an orifice through which the fluid is displaced in communication with the barrel. For constrained and special applications particular specifications may be placed upon the syringe, such as zero dead space or being free of silicone oil.
- tray (syringe tray), n: a planar appliance which provides an array of wells wherein syringes are disposed for precisely measured filling and capping.
- well, n: a structure which is part of a syringe tray for providing a stable platform for a syringe disposed therein for filling and capping, each well being open at the top, for access.
- well array, n: a pattern of wells disposed in a tray wherein a plurality of syringes are disposed.
BRIEF SUMMARY AND OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
In brief summary, this novel invention alleviates all of the known problems related to providing a convenience kit for sterilizing raw medicine, which may be hazardous, for a medical application as it is drawn from a source container, sterilizing the raw medicine before filling at least one syringe, with the sterile medicine, within a closed and sterile environment and capping each such at least one syringe to assure safety and efficacy of the sterile medicine when accessed for use in a potentially contaminating environment.
Examples of processing steps employed to accomplish steps of sterilizing, filling and capping a single syringe and a plurality of syringes provided in a convenience kit made and used according to the instant invention, are provided hereafter. It should be understood that other processes which accomplish, in any manner, results of the following steps fall within the scope of the instant invention.
Providing Steps
1. Providing the following items for confining and permitting use of items furnished for accomplishing the purpose of the convenience kit:
- a. a plastic bag (kit bag) made of material which is sufficiently transparent for viewing status of items within the kit bag, which can be sealed and sterilized to preserve sterility of items stored within the kit bag and which is sufficiently large, pliant and rugged to permit accomplishing “in-bag” steps without being breached to expose the items to potential contamination when used in a potentially contaminating environment.
- b. an exterior (for use outside the kit bag) source syringe or other container along with hazardous drug safety devices which provide an exterior source assembly for accessing raw medicine, which may be hazardous, from a vial or like container which, as needed, being silicone free.
- c. a sterilizing grade filter comprising oppositely disposed female and male luer fittings, the male fitting preferably being displaced through a hole in the kit bag for effecting delivery of sterilized medicine there through.
- d. raw medicine to be sterilized and to be displaced into a syringe or syringes disposed within the kit bag.
2. Providing the following internally disposed (in-bag) items for accomplishing the purpose of the convenience kit:
- a. a gasket which fits snugly about the male male luer filer fitting disposed through the hole in the kit bag.
- b. a connector, which, by example, has a female luer connection which, when affixed to the filter male luer fitting of filter, compresses the gasket against associated bag material and disk wall of the filter to assure a singular path through the filter is the only entry for matter into the bag when closed and sealed.
- c. a container, being silicone oil free, if needed, which optionally may be a syringe, for providing an interior (in-bag) source of sterilized medicine disposed to receive sterilized product from the sterilizing filter. It should be noted that the interior source container, can be a medical syringe, used directly in a medical procedure, after being capped within the kit bag, for use within the scope of the present invention. However, the scope of the instant invention includes more applications than simply filling one or two dose syringes used directly in a medical procedure. As such, the following items are provided for filling a plurality of dose syringes while deterring spillage of precious or hazardous sterile drug in multiple syringe filling and capping applications.
3. Providing the following additional items for convenience kit applications for filling and capping a plurality of dose syringes:
- a. a dripless connector affixed to the interior source container to form an interior source assembly for assuring against loss of sterile medicine due to spillage upon connection disengagement. For example, such can be provided by the dripless connector affixed to the interior source container to, thereby, provide an interface for connecting to both the filter for receiving sterile medicine to be communicated to the interior source vessel and to a syringe spout when communicating sterile medicine into a dose syringe. As an example, a stopcock can be used as the dripless connector, as disclosed in detail hereafter;
- b. as needed, a dose syringe tray comprising a plurality of wells for holding uncapped, empty and uncapped dose syringes for being filled with sterile medicine and capped thereafter, the tray also be used for determining dose size and for providing an effective dose syringe interface during filling;
- c. a plurality of caps (e.g. one cap for each dose syringe);
- d. a plate which holds a plurality of caps, for permitting displacement of a plurality of the caps as a single unit. It is preferred to dispose such a plate in close proximity to dose syringe spouts for ease of displacing caps upon spouts. It is also preferred to provide supporting features within such a plate for aiding in holding dose syringes upright and thereby affixed to the tray; and
- e. within each well of the syringe tray, providing a releasable finger flange latch for maintaining a dose syringe disposed in the well, upright, and a plunger displacement catch for providing a catch for a plunger rod button of the dose syringe disposed thereat to, thereby, permit barrel displacement to act to communicate fluid between the interior source assembly and an associated dose syringe, and to, as a result, separate and communicate gas trapped, within the affixed interior source and dose syringe fittings into the interior source container, and further providing a stop against plunger rod downward displacement relative to the syringe barrel, to thereby provide for measuring a precise volume of medicine communicated filled into and stored within the dose syringe.
Manufacturing (Pre-Use) Steps (for Multiple Syringe Filling Kits)
- a. acquiring a kit bag;
- b. making a hole in the bag (where a filter assembly is to be disposed), the hole being sized and shaped to snugly allow displacement of the male fitting of the sterilizing filter to be displaced there through and preferably displacing the male fitting of the filter through the hole from outside the bag;
- c. displacing a gasket about the filter male fitting;
- d. securely affixing a luer fitting connection to compress the gasket against the associated bag material and disk wall of the filter to assure the singular path through the filter is the only entry for matter into the bag when closed and sealed. Note that disposing the gasket inside the bag is preferable due to protection provided by surrounding bag material;
- e. releasably affixing a luer fitting of the dripless connector to the luer filter fitting, to provide a sealed communicating pathway, thereby to complete filter assembly construction;
- f. displacing items, selected for internal bag disposition, into the kit bag, including dose syringes to be filled and, if required, at least one tray which providing housing wherein syringes can be disposed and selected for filling and any associated plate wherein syringe caps are disposed for capping syringes after filling;
- g. closing and sealing the kit bag and sterilizing the closed and sealed bag and the contents therein; and
- h. assembling the sterilized kit bag with other bag items used exterior to the kit bag to be displaced into a shipping container for determining kit application and delivery to user.
Using Steps
- a. opening the shipping container, accessing the convenience kit and “tenting” the kit bag to provide space for digital manipulation of syringe filling procedures;
- b. acquiring and filling raw medicine into the exterior source assembly container (preferably a syringe);
- c. assuring that a dripless connector, if needed, is affixed between the internal source container and the male luer fitting of the filter assembly for drug containment when the source vessel is disengaged for liquid communication with a next dose syringe to be filled;
- e. displacing the desired raw medicine disposed in the exterior source assembly via the communication pathway into the interior source container;
- f. performing a “bubble test” to assure filter efficacy and, thereby, sterility to a desired SAL of sterilized medicine dispensed therefrom. If the “bubble test” proves efficacy of the filter, continue with the following steps, otherwise displace the interior container from the kit bag, as unsterilized source, to be used with another convenience kit, dispose the current convenience kit and proceed to step “a” of the Using steps, above;
For Each Dose Syringe of a Plurality of Dose Syringes, Disposed in a Tray, to be Filled With Sterilized Medicine From the Interior Source Container, Performing the Following Steps By
- g. affixing the dripless connector of the interior source container assembly, in turn, to each selected empty individual dose syringe and opening any valve of the associated dripless connector which protects against spillage and contamination;
- h. displacing the barrel of the selected syringe relative to the plunger rod of that syringe to overfill the selected dose syringe;
- i. noting that the button of the syringe plunger rod is affixed and stopped by a catch in the well of housing the dose syringe, “pumping” the syringe barrel several times up and down, relative to the plunger rod to separate and displace unwanted air into the interior source assembly;
- j. with the plunger rod extended, by displacing the syringe barrel, displacing plunger rod button downward into the measurement well (to contact the plunger rod button stop thereby) and barrel finger flanges are also stopped upon a ledge of the well in which the dose syringe resides which assures an accurately measured dose;
- k. closing any associated valve and disengaging the interior source syringe and, if more dose syringes are to be filled, returning to step “g”;
- l. if a plate of caps is provided, displacing the plate as a unit in position to affix each syringe with a sealing cap; and thereafter
- m. opening the kit bag for access to filled dose syringe which are filled, capped and ready for use in a potentially contaminating environment.
Therefore, it is a principal object to provide a kit bag as a major convenience kit component, the kit bag providing protected space, conditions and components, disposed therein, for communicating, with safety, a measured portion of sterilized medicine into each dose syringe disposed within the kit bag while maintaining a predetermined level of sterility through filling and capping.
It is, therefore, a major object to provide the kit bag, and all components disposed and protected therein, being pre-sterilized, closed and sealed for providing a clean, sterile environment for syringe filling and capping.
It is a further major object to provide access for fluid communication into the kit bag through a single hole which is closed and sealed by a gasket about an inserted portion of a sterilizing filter such that there is no other pathway for matter entry into the kit bag.
It is a still further major object to provide, as needed, an interior source syringe or assembly as an untethered appliance for displacing and communicating sterilized medicine to a plurality of dose syringes.
It is a notable object to provide a convenience kit for filling a plurality of syringes with as few steps as possible to provide a high volume of syringes filled with sterile medicine at a labor cost which is significantly lower than current cost to provide the same product being prepared using currently available technology such as laminar flow hoods.
It is an important object to provide a tray comprising wells wherein a plurality of syringes are disposed for being accessed for being affixed to an interior source syringe for filling and It is another important object to provide finger flange restraints whereby each syringe is immobilized against being spilled from a well and held upright before being capped.
It is an utmost object to provide for separating gas from liquid upon final filling of each syringe such that only liquid sterile medicine is disposed in a filled dose syringe.
It is also an utmost object to provide for accurately measuring and achieving a dose syringe fill volume within desired dosing accuracies.
It is a necessary object to provide for capping each filled dose syringe before being accessed from the kit bag to ensure retained medicine sterility when delivered to a potentially contaminating environment.
It is a highly desirable object to provide a dripless connector to assure against spillage of precious and sometimes hazardous sterile medicine.
These and other objects and features of the present invention will be apparent from the detailed description taken with reference to accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a flow chart providing a series of steps associated with a method for acquiring raw hazardous medicine from an exterior source, sterilizing then displacing the sterilized medicine into one or more syringes disposed within a sterile field of a closed plastic bag, each such syringe being fitted with a dripless connector for safety of full drug containment upon being accessed from the plastic bag for use in medical treatment.
FIG. 2 is a cross section of a medical dose syringe provided for visual identification of syringe parts.
FIG. 3 is a depiction of a needleless connector such as a Clave® connector sold by ICU Medical, Inc.
FIG. 4 is a depiction of a dripless connector, commonly used in hazardous drug applications, such as Spiros® connector sold by ICU Medical, Inc.
FIG. 5 is a depiction of a combination needleless connector, seen in FIG. 3, and a dripless connector, seen in FIG. 4, joined for use in providing a separable, dripless connection of a line containing a hazardous drug.
FIG. 6 is a depiction of a syringe, in cross section, affixed to a needless connector/dripless connector combination, as seen in FIG. 5, and further, thereby, affixed to a capped, vented vial adapter to form an exterior source assembly.
FIG. 7 is a depiction of the syringe and other parts seen in FIG. 6 wherein the vented vial adapter is uncapped and used to spike a medicine containing vial.
FIG. 8 is a depiction of the syringe and other parts seen in FIG. 7 wherein medicine seen within the vial in FIG. 7 is drawn into the syringe.
FIG. 9 is a depiction of filled syringe seen in FIG. 8 with detachment of the needleless connector from the dripless connector for use in providing hazardous drug medication to a patient.
FIG. 10 is a depiction of an exploded view of the formation of a plastic bag portion of a convenience kit being fitted with a filter assembly according to the present invention along with parts which are used for communicating medicine to a syringe and caps for closing connections which are apart in the exploded view and are to be affixed after syringe filling.
FIG. 11 is a depiction of a fully assembled kit, combining parts seen in FIG. 10, with a filter assembly providing the only entry into the plastic bag.
FIG. 12 is a depiction wherein an exterior raw medicine source, disposed within a syringe affixed to the filter assembly seen in FIG. 11, is provided for communicating raw medicine to the receiving syringe.
FIG. 13 is a depiction wherein raw medicine has been communicated into the syringe first seen disposed in the bag in FIG. 10.
FIG. 14 is a depiction of the syringe seen filled in FIG. 13 detached from the filter assembly but still affixed to the needleless connector which is capped and with a cap being affixed to the dripless connector, as well.
FIG. 15 is a depiction of a syringe not seen in prior FIGs., but seen herein affixed to exemplify communication with a filter assembly to provide for using a convenience kit for filling more than one internally disposed syringe in a bag.
FIG. 16 is a flow chart providing a series of steps associated with a method for acquiring raw hazardous medicine from an exterior source, sterilizing then displacing the sterilized medicine into a plurality of dose syringes disposed in a tray which is further disposed within a sterile field of a closed plastic bag.
FIG. 17 is a perspective of a sterilized convenience kit provided packaged in a transport state, the convenience kit parts being particularly assembled within a plastic bag, the plastic bag being tightly drawn and folded for holding the parts including multiple dose syringes disposed within a tray within the plastic bag with a sterilizing filter assembly affixed to the bag with a portion seen disposed outside the plastic bag and another portion within the plastic bag to provide the only matter pathway into the plastic bag for sterility retention.
FIG. 17A is a perspective of a the convenience kit seen in FIG. 17 unpacked and tented for use with a filter assembly affixed to an internal source assembly disposed above the tray of syringes, the whole kit being disposed upon a platform whereby the tray is anchored for ease of syringe displacement.
FIG. 18 is a perspective of the tray seen in FIG. 17 empty of syringes and disposed outside the plastic bag.
FIG. 19 is a perspective of the tray seen in FIG. 18 with thirty-six medical dose syringes disposed upright with spout up being disposed within wells molded within the tray which is seen with a proximal end in cross section and with one row of dose syringes supported by a cap plate.
FIG. 20 is a perspective of the tray and dose syringes seen in FIG. 19 further aligned by capping plate guides loosely affixed to dose syringes.
FIG. 21 is a top elevation of the tray seen in FIGS. 18-20 in which multiply wells for holding syringes are depicted.
FIG. 21A is a top elevation of the tray seen in FIG. 21 with handles affixed whereby a tray disposed within a kit bag can be digitally anchored and stabilized.
FIG. 22 is a bottom elevation of the tray seen in FIG. 21.
FIG. 23 is a planar depiction of mold structure of a single well seen in FIG. 21.
FIG. 23A is a four-well three dimensional section of the tray seen in FIG. 18, with portions seen in cross section.
FIG. 23B is a cross section of a well in the tray showing, by dashed lines, plunger rod entry into a well and for being releasably displaced threreafter.
FIG. 24 is a cross-section of a dose syringe seen in FIG. 19.
FIG. 25 is a depiction of a portion of a convenience kit made according to the present invention comprising an exploded view of a filter assembly which is seen in FIG. 17 and an exploded view of an interior source container assembly.
FIG. 26 is a depiction of a portion of a convenience kit like the portion seen in FIG. 25, but with exploded parts interconnected and an exterior source assembly affixed to the filter assembly and pre-filled with raw medicine.
FIG. 27 is a depiction of a portion of a convenience kit like the portion seen in FIG. 26, but with raw medicine formerly resident in the exterior source assembly communicated into the interior source assembly.
FIG. 28 is a magnified depiction of the portion of the convenience kit seen in FIG. 27 with an arrow providing direction of force required for a bubble test.
FIG. 29 is a depiction of a portion of a convenience kit like that seen FIG. 27, but with the stopcock closed.
FIG. 30 is a depiction of a portion of a convenience kit like that seen in FIG. 29, but with the interior source assembly detached from the filter assembly.
FIG. 31 is a depiction of the interior source assembly with the stopcock in a closed state as seen in FIG. 30.
FIG. 32 is a perspective of a convenience kit unpacked and tented with the interior source assembly seen to be untethered.
FIG. 33 is a perspective of the convenience kit seen in FIG. 32 with the interior source assembly affixed for liquid communication with a selected dose syringe.
FIG. 34 is a depiction of the interior source container securely affixed to an upright dose syringe, with the stopcock closed, as seen within the kit bag, as seen in FIG. 33.
FIG. 35 is a depiction like the depiction, but seen in FIG. 34 with the stopcock open.
FIG. 36 is a depiction like the depiction seen in FIG. 35 but with an arrow disclosing direction of dose syringe barrel rotation to free finger flanges and thereby freeing the dose syringe barrel to be displaced vertically.
FIG. 37 is a depiction like the depiction seen in FIG. 36 but with an arrow showing direction of vertical dose syringe barrel displacement.
FIG. 38 is a depiction like the depiction seen in FIG. 37 with the dose syringe barrel displaced vertically upward.
FIG. 39 is a depiction an arrow showing downward displacement of the dose syringe barrel and resulting gas in the form of bubbles floating upward.
FIG. 40 is a depiction of a completion of filling of a dose into the selected syringe with a dose of liquid replacing gas originally in the syringe.
FIG. 41 is a depiction of the filled syringe seen in FIG. 40 with an arrow showing direction of rotation to displace selected syringe finger flanges into slot in the tray to affix the barrel and plunger rod button a precise distance apart to provide an accurately measured dose.
FIG. 42 is a depiction of detaching the interior source container from the last filled dose syringe,
FIG. 43 is a depiction of a next dose syringe selected for filling.
FIG. 44 is a depiction of the interior dose container being affixed to the selected next dose for filling.
FIG. 45 is a perspective of a cap plate being displaced for capping a row of dose syringes after filling.
FIG. 46 is a lateral elevation of a cap plate with caps disposed affixed to filled dose syringes.
FIG. 47 is a perspective of a tray with cap plate free filled dose syringes and a bent cap plate displaying a method of detaching a cap plate from affixed dose syringes.
FIG. 48 is a side elevation of a cross section of a dose syringe with a zero dead space sharpened cannula affixed thereto.
FIG. 49 is a depiction of a zero dead space sharpened cannula.
FIG. 50 is a perspective of a sealable medical capsule.
FIG. 51 is a perspective of the sealable medical capsule, seen in FIG. 50, with a pad disposed therein.
FIG. 52 is a perspective of a dose syringe with a small drop of sterile medicine dispensed therefrom for soaking a pad disposed in the medical capsule seen in FIG. 51.
FIG. 53 is a side elevation of a horizontally disposed switchless, dripless liquid communicating device which employs a compression spring into a medical syringe into which liquid is drawn and contained after upon detachment from a liquid communicating source with dashed lines indicating elements of parts seen through clear plastic.
FIG. 54 is a side elevation of the horizontally disposed switchless, dripless liquid communicating device seen in FIG. 53 with the compression spring released and fluid disposed within the medical syringe.
FIG. 55 is a side elevation of the switchless, dripless liquid communicating device seen in FIG. 54 rotated to vertical state.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE ILLUSTRATED EMBODIMENTS
In this description, the term proximal is used to indicate the segment of the device normally closest to the object of the sentence describing its position. The term distal refers to the other end of the segment. Reference is now made to embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 1-55 wherein like numerals are used to designate like parts throughout. Primes of numbers are indicative of part similarities in application and function, but with noted differences from other like numbered parts. Notably, the following methods for making and using convenience kits, made according to the instant invention, are provided with further objects to:
- 1. Provide methods and convenience kits for processing raw medicine to render a sterilized product.
- 2. Provide tools and methods for making hazardous drug preparations with safety and efficacy by providing apparatus and methods which protect against spills and unrestrained drips.
- 3. Reduce steps, including garbing and training necessary to sterilize, fill and cap syringes and, thereby, cost of labor and material involved with producing sterilized medical preparations.
- 4. Provide the basis for making and using convenience kits for preparing costly drugs used in very small dose volumes yet required in large multiple syringe quantities.
Two general examples of convenience kits for filling and preparing syringes with hazardous drugs are disclosed herein. The first example is for comparatively large syringes processed in small quantities of one or more. The second example is for small syringes (generally, on the order of 1 mL or less) filled with small doses (e.g. tens of micro-liters or less) of medicine, but prepared in large quantities (on the order of dozens of dose syringes by a single kit). Following is disclosure of the first example:
A process flow chart 10 seen in FIG. 1 discloses exemplary processing steps which are generally associated with convenience kit inventions made according to the instant invention for sterilizing and displacing hazardous drugs into a dispensing dose syringe with safety afforded by using dripless and needleless connectors and a closed processing bag. A specific example (a convenience kit 20), in this case, is seen in FIG. 11. Convenience kit 20 includes a bagged convenience kit 22. Generally, each such convenience kit 22, as seen in FIG. 11, comprises a plastic kit bag 40 in which items are contained for sterilizing and preparing a hazardous drug medicine for use in a medical procedure. Plastic kit bag 40 is most often selected from commercial plastic bags, used in sterile medical applications, which comprise sufficient internal volume for performing tasks associated with in-bag objectives. Kit bag 40 should be made of material which is sufficiently clear to visualize items contained therein, sufficiently pliant to permit digital displacement and, if necessary actuation, of the items, sufficiently rugged to not be breached by such digital action and sealable and sterilizable to provide a sterile environment for the items throughout medicine preparation. As seen in FIG. 11, kit bag 40 is closed and sealed about a portion of a filter assembly 42 comprising a sterilizing grade filter 50 (preferably 0.2 micron) having a male luer fitting 52 (best seen in FIG. 10). As seen in FIG. 10, fitting 52 is disposed to be displaced through a hole 60 in bag 40 to provide the only matter pathway into kit bag 40. Hole 60 is closed and sealed by a gasket 70 which is forcibly held in place by a female/female fitting 80 securely affixed to male luer fitting 52. A female fitting 52′ of filter 50 is also affixed to a needleless connector 96 to provide for hazardous drug safety when communicating with an exterior source syringe 92′ (see FIG. 12). A syringe assembly 90 comprising a medical syringe 92, a dripless connector 94 and a needleless connector 96 is securely, but releasably affixed to fitting 80. For clarity and future reference, syringe 92 is also seen in FIG. 2; needleless connector 96 is seen in FIG. 3; and dripless connector 94 is also seen in FIG. 4. Dripless connector 94 is also seen joined to needleless connector 96 for operating as a single dripless connector, as commonly used for hazardous drug communication in FIG. 5. Two combination luer fitting caps commonly numbered 98 are also provided for capping uncovered fittings before access to syringe assembly 90, from bag 40, after filling (see FIG. 10).
As part of a total kit assembly (well understood by one who is skilled in convenience kit art), an exterior syringe assembly 100 (first seen in FIG. 11), for use exterior to kit bag 40, is also seen in FIGS. 6-8. Syringe assembly 100 is used for raw medicine accessing and is a part of a general and complete kit assembly (not shown, but well understood by those who are skilled in convenience kit art). It is common for such items to be packaged together to form complete kit assemblies, as each part fills a selective need, the complete kit assemblies commonly being sold as a single product. As seen in FIG. 6, for providing an exterior source of raw medicine to be sterilized and prepared within kit bag 40, a syringe assembly 100 comprises a medical syringe 92′, a dripless connector 94 which is releasably affixed to a needleless connector 96 which is serially affixed to a vented vial adapter 102 which is closed by a removable cap 104.
Referring once more to FIG. 1, a first step, defined in operational block 110, is selecting a kit which can be used in preparation of a pre-selected hazardous drug requiring sterilization and displacement into a syringe, and, of course, acquiring such a kit as indicated in operational block 112.
Further reference is now made to FIGS. 7-9 where by the steps to accomplish filling an exterior source container as stipulated in operational block 114 are seen. As seen in FIG. 7, vial adapter cap 104 (seen in FIG. 6) is removed before a vial 116 containing the pre-selected hazardous drug 118 is spiked and, thereby, affixed to syringe assembly 100. Raw preselected drug 118, contained in vial 116 is then drawn into syringe 92′ as seen in FIG. 8. In FIG. 9, syringe 92′, with the dripless connector 94 affixed thereto for safety, is detached for use as an exterior source for supplying raw medicine for sterilizing and further filling a pre-sterilized syringe 92 disposed within protective kit bag 40.
The next step, as defined in operational box 116, is communicating sterilized drug 118′ into an internal source syringe 92 as seen in FIGS. 12 and 13. Detaching syringe 92, filled with so processed sterilized drug 118′, is completed by separating a dripless connector 94 from a needleless connector 96 and capping both freed orifices with a cap 98, as seen in FIG. 15. Note that a second syringe 92″ could be resident in kit bag 40 for receiving processed medicine 118′ in the same fashion, as well. Note also a third cap 98 can be made available for such purposes. Decision block 120 is next executed to determine status of completing syringe 92 (and 92″, if needed) filling. If no more syringes 92 are yet to be filled, the next step is determined by operational box 122.
Once all syringes 92 (and optionally 92″) are processed and filled, sterilization status of medicine must be assured. As is common practice with sterilizing filters, a “bubble” test, which determines filter 50 efficacy should be performed. If the “bubble” test fails, decision block 122 directs action to block 124. In such a case, all syringes 92 filled with non-sterilized medicine can be used for exterior sources of raw medicine (not yet sterilized). To then complete action on the non-sterilized medicine, following acquisition of a new kit (block 126), the process, beginning at block 116 is then repeated.
However, if the filter efficacy test is affirmatively passed, each capped and filled syringe 92 (and alternatively 92″), with sterilized medicine contained therein, with sterilization assured, can be accessed by breaching bag 40 (action block 128). Unused parts should then be disposed according to institutional protocol (see action block 130).
Disclosure of the second example follows. Referring to flow chart 198, seen in FIG. 16, action block 200 specifies determining a specific kit to be used. Making a preparation of vitreous substitute medicine is an exemplary basis for the first kit to be disclosed hereafter. (A similar method may be used for supplying mitomycin filled syringes.) However, for vitreous substitutes, a convenience kit 202, first seen in FIG. 17, made for vitreous substitute preparation is acquired as specified in block 204. In this example, convenience kit 202 includes a sterilizing, filling and capping subkit 205 and an exterior source assembly 100.
In this example, sterilized portion 205 of convenience kit 203, wrapped and bound for transport by a binding ribbon 207 about an associated kit bag 210, provides a multiple number of dose syringes, each commonly numbered 220 disposed in a tray 230, along with a plurality of capping plates (each commonly numbered 240) all disposed within enclosing kit bag 210. Note that syringes 220 are each disposed in a well of tray 230, each such well being commonly numbered 250. A filter assembly 42 is disposed with a portion 241 inside bag 210 and a portion 241′ outside bag 210, as disclosed supra. Affixed to filter assembly 42, inside bag 210, is an interior source assembly 280 (See FIG. 17A).
Action associated with action block 206 is substantially the same as that disclosed for action block 114 of FIG. 1. Raw vitreous substitute medicine is commonly provided in a vial similar to vial 116, disclosed in FIGS. 7-8. An exterior source assembly 100 (seen in FIG. 6) is provided as part of convenience kit 202. Exterior source assembly 100 syringe 92′ can be filled as disclosed in FIGS. 7-9.
As instructed in action block 260 (FIG. 16), package stabilizing ribbon 207 should be removed and kit bag 210 may be anchored as specifically instructed hereafter. Further according to action block 272, to provide space for dispensing sterilized medicine into dose syringes 220 as seen in FIG. 17A, kit bag 210 should be tented, as seen in FIG. 17A. Note a workbench 273 which is fitted with a bar 274 designed may be variably disposed to anchor tray 230 to bench 273 and thereby stabilize tray 230 for performing syringe filling activity as disclosed in detail hereafter. Note also disposition of an interior source assembly 280, being superiorly affixed to tented kit bag 210 in FIG. 17A via a filter assembly 42′. Interior source assembly 280 is best seen in FIGS. 28-30 and is used for receiving sterilized medicine via an associated filter assembly 42′ (see FIGS. 25 and 26-30).
Reference is now made to FIGS. 25-30 for disclosure of a method for sterilizing raw medicine and displacing the sterilized medicine into an interior source assembly 280 for further dispensing into each dose syringe 220 (see FIG. 17A) as instructed in action block 290. As best seen in FIG. 25, a filter assembly 42′ comprises a dripless connector 96, a sterilizing grade filter 50 and a gasket 70, but, different from filter assembly 42, a male/female connector 292 provides a male fitting interface for a female fitting 294 for connector 292. Note that female fitting 294 is one of two female fittings 294 of a stopcock 300, provided for performing as a dripless connector, as disclosed hereafter. As seen in FIG. 25, one of the female fittings 294 is to be affixed to a medical syringe 302 which thereby provides an interior source assembly 280 which is used to supply sterilized medicine 340′ to syringes 220, as disclosed in detail hereafter.
It should be carefully noted that vitreous substitute medicines are both expensive and precious. Generally, doses associated with vitreous treatment are measured in units of micro-liters (e.g. approximately six to eight micro-liters/dose). Loss of one drop can lead to a lost dose. For this reason, the interface between each syringe and a providing female fitting must be dripless. It is for this reason that a stopcock is presented herein as an exemplary component of an interior source assembly. When completing each liquid interchange with a syringe, a disconnection of the associated interior source assembly, in this case numbered 280, must be dripless. Such is accomplished by switching the stopcock 300 to an off state before each such disconnection. As seen in FIG. 26, stopcock 300 has been switched to an open state after being affixed to filter assembly 42′, and switched to a closed state upon filling completion (see FIG. 29). The transfer of medicine 340 seen accomplished in FIGS. 26 and 27 which prepares interior source assembly 280 for dispensing sterilized medicine 340′ to each syringe 220 once filled and detached from filter assembly 42′, as seen in FIG. 30. Note that interior source assembly 280 is free and untethered for facile handling inside kit bag 210, best seen in FIGS. 31 and 32.
Referring to FIG. 28, once interior source container 302 is filled, efficacy of filter 70 must be tested to assure medicine 340 is at a desired SAL in the interior source container 302 (action block 350). An associated bubble test may be performed by one of two methods. For both methods, a quantity of gas 320 (i.e. air) is provided within syringe 92′, as seen in FIG. 28. The quantity of air 320 must be sufficient to provide an air interface at filter 70. Then by providing plunger rod displacing a force in direction of arrow 322, a bubble test is performed. If the gas is released (bubbles) into syringe 302, the filter is not effective. Also, if extended force in direction of arrow 322 is not retarded by blockage of air in the filter 70, which should not pass gas once wet, filter 70 has failed the bubble test.
If such occurs, medicine 340′ must be considered non-sterile and must not be used. However, as indicated in action block 360 of FIG. 16, even though medicine 340′ must be considered unsterile, original contents may be processed once more by using the current interior source container 302 as an exterior source assembly 100 (action block 352) and acquiring a new convenience kit 202 (action block 360) and proceeding to action block 260 of flow chart 198. It should be noted that the above stated action saves otherwise disposable medicine for recovered use before it is distributed in very small doses into dose syringes 220 from which recovery would be both difficult and expensive.
If the bubble test is passed, action block 370 instructs closure of a stopcock 300 to permit detaching interior source assembly 280 from filter assembly without spillage.
Reference is now made to FIG. 24 for identifying characteristics of each dose syringe 220. Each dose syringe 220 is formed by two displaceable parts, a barrel assembly 380 and a plunge rod assembly 382. Barrel assembly 380 comprises a spout 384 where barrel diameter is narrowed to a form of a male luer fitting for fluid communicating, a barrel 386 of generally constant diameter and two finger flanges, commonly numbered 388. Plunger rod assembly 382 comprises a piston 390 formed and designed to provide for emptying barrel 386 with zero dead space, a plunger rod 392 and a plunger rod button 394.
Action block 400 provides initial instruction for a dose syringe 220 filling cycle, which follows filling and detaching interior source assembly 280 from filter assembly 42′, as seen in FIG. 30.
Disclosure of form and function of tray 230 is variously seen in FIGS. 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 23A and 23B. Seen in FIG. 18, tray 230 is an example of a tray which is designed to hold six rows of six each dose syringes 220 (thirty-six total) for filling and capping. It should be noted that such a tray can be designed and built to hold various numbers of syringes of different sizes and shapes, dependent upon size and shape of kit bag 210. Tray 230, therefore, is supported by a base 410 which contains thirty-six dose syringe 220 supporting wells, each well being identified by the number 250. In addition, tray 230 has affixed a total of twelve support posts, each post numbered 420 (i.e two posts per well 250 row) which are used for a capping plate support (disclosed in detail hereafter).
For reference, a top planar view 432 of tray 230 is seen in FIG. 21, a bottom planar view 432 of tray 230 is seen in FIG. 22. In FIG. 21, thirty-six identical well patterns are seen, each well pattern being assigned a common number 434, for simplicity. Similarly, in planar view 436 in FIG. 22, thirty-six identical well patterns are seen on the opposite side of tray 230, each well pattern being assigned a common number 438, for simplicity.
A single well pattern 434, seen in FIG. 23, and a cross section of four wells in FIG. 23A provide details of form and function of each well pattern 434 associated with each well 250. It should be understood, by those who are skilled in molding art, well 250 molding can be performed by a single pull technique. Solid lines in FIG. 23 portray edges of molding patterns. Dashed line 438 indicates an outline of plunger rod button 394 (see FIG. 24) disposed below and caught and held against upward displacement by a catch 440. An open pathway 442 is permissive to plunger rod button 394 being displaced in and out of well 250 when plunger 392 is not vertical and not otherwise caught against catch 440 as seen in FIG. 23B.
A shelf 450 within each well 250 provides support and a displacement of measure for finger flanges 388 (see FIG. 24). A stop 452 disposed at the bottom of well 250 provides a second displacement of measure. As lengths of barrel 386 and plunger 392 have been found sufficiently accurate and precise for use in determining dose volumes for medical use in syringes used for vitreous substitutes and miomyticin, intra well 250 distances between stop 438 (where a plunger button resides at the end of filling cycle) and shelf 450, where finger flanges so reside, can be established and made by accurate molding to measure plunger rod displacement relative to finger flange disposition, which thereby determines a desired measured dose of sterilized medicine 340. It is that displacement between shelf 450 and stop 438 that provides the critical design criteria for well 250.
Other features of well 250 which may be noted are plunger rod pathway 460 and two slots (commonly numbered 462) wherein, by barrel 380 rotation, finger flanges 388 are inserted for stabilizing and vertically orienting each dose syringe 220.
Reference is now made to FIG. 19 where a complement of thirty-six dose syringes 220 are disposed in a like number of wells 250 in tray 230 (see FIG. 20). Note that a barrel 386 of each syringe 220 has been rotated such that finger flanges 388 of each syringe 220 are disposed in associated slots 462. In this example, each plunger button 394 is displaced to be upon a stop 438. Disposed about each syringe barrel 386 is a guide 500 formed as a part of a capping plate 510. Capping plate 510 further comprises a pair of stand-offs, each numbered 520 and being affixed about a post 420 (see FIG. 18) to assure alignment of guides 500 and syringe barrels 386. Generally disposed between guides 500 and standoffs 520 are cap grips, parts of which are commonly numbered 530, being sized, shaped and position to hold a syringe cap 540 until grip parts 530 are displaced one from the other (as disclosed in detail hereafter). As seen in FIG. 20, a full complement 550 of syringes 220 cap plates 510 are releasably disposed upon tray 230 and ready for displacement into a kit bag 210.
Referring again to Block 400 in FIG. 16, syringe 220 filling begins with displacement of a filled internal source syringe 92, closed by a stopcock 300, as seen in FIG. 31, being displaced as an untethered internal source assembly 280, as seen in FIG. 32. As instructed by block 400 (in FIG. 16), a syringe 220′ is selected for filling (see FIG. 32) and internal source assembly 280 is affixed thereto as seen in FIG. 33.
Reference is now made to FIGS. 34-44 wherein syringe 220′ (and other syringes 220 to follow) is accurately and precisely filled with only sterilized medicine 340. Initially, selected syringe 220′ contains only a small volume of air (generally numbered 552). Initially, as seen in FIG. 34, stopcock 300 is closed and internal source assembly 280 is disposed in communication with selected syringe 220′. As a next step, as defined in action block 560, stopcock 300 is switched to an open state as seen in FIG. 35. In FIG. 36, barrel 386 of syringe 220′ is rotated as indicated by arrow 562 to free finger flanges 388 from slots 462 (not shown in FIG. 36). Then barrel 386 of syringe 220′ and internal source assembly 310 are displaced upward, as seen in FIG. 37 and as indicated by arrow 564, to an overfilled state as seen in FIG. 38 and returned downwardly in direction of arrow 564′ a number of times (three is recommended) until air 552 resident in selected syringe 220′ is totally evacuated into internal source assembly 280, as instructed in action block 570. Note, as seen in FIG. 39, air may be reformed as bubbles which float upward.
Once selected syringe is filled with sterilized medicine 340, barrel 386 is displaced downward to dispose finger flanges 338 in contact with an associated shelf 450 (see FIG. 23) as instructed by action block 580 in FIG. 16. So displaced, plunger button 438 is also disposed upon a stop 452 (see FIG. 23B) which assures the predetermined desired volume of sterilized medicine 340 is resident in syringe 220′ as seen in FIG. 40.
Then, as seen in FIG. 41, barrel 386 of selected syringe 220′ is rotated as indicated by arrow 582 to affix finger flanges 338 back into slots 462 (not shown in FIG. 41) and stopcock 300 is closed as instructed in action block 590 of FIG. 16. Decision block 592 instructs a decision of whether all syringes are filled or all sterilized medicine 340 is displaced into syringes 220. If not, a next syringe 220″ is selected (see FIG. 43) and internal source assembly 280 is affixed thereto, as seen in FIG. 44. If so, action block 594, for this example, instructs each filled syringe 220 to be capped.
Reference is now made to FIGS. 45-47 wherein steps associated with syringe 220 capping are seen. A capping plate 510, as disclosed supra, is seen in FIG. 45 to comprise capping plate sections, each numbered 518, comprising a pair of stand-offs, each numbered 520, guides for holding each associated syringe barrels 386 in alignment (generally numbered 500), and a plurality of grip parts 530 (see FIG. 46) for releasably holding each cap 540 in place until capping is accomplished. As seen in FIG. 45, capping plate 510 is displaced from each post 420 and displaced to align each cap 540 above a syringe 220. As seen in FIG. 46, each cap 540 is then, while being firmly held by grip parts 530, displaced onto an associated syringe 220. (Barrel guides 500 are not shown in FIG. 46 for clarity of seeing grip parts 530.) Once caps 540 are so disposed, when each syringe 220 is filled and capped, kit bag 210 can be opened as instructed in block 602 of FIG. 16 for access to filled syringes 220 for use in a potentially contaminating environment. Note also, a label 603 (seen in FIG. 46 without indicia) affixed to tray 230 for recording clinical patient and medicine data related to syringe 220 contents.
For individual filled syringe 220 use, capping plate 510 is released from each individual cap 540 by bending cap plate 510 as seen in FIG. 47. Such bending causes grip parts 530 to be displaced apart along the length of cap plate 510. Note thinned part 510′ of cap plate in FIG. 46. Such displacement frees each cap 540 (and cap plate 510) such that each capped syringe 220 is then individually disengaged for being extracted from tray 230 for use.
Referring once more to FIG. 33, once all dose syringe 220 filling is completed, and before tray 230 with filled dose syringes 220 (see FIG. 17A) is accessed from kit bag 210, it is preferred that interior dose assembly 310 be capped and closed to prevent outlet flow. For this purpose, a luer cap 540′ for capping female luer fittings is provided as seen in FIG. 33 for capping interior source assembly 310.
It should be noted that applications for inventions disclosed herein are examples of steps and associated methods for which other applications may be applied. In the examples, used for invention disclosure herein, two applications are apparent, a first being filling syringes for vitreous substitute injection and the second being for soaking pads for mitomyticin use. In each of these cases, it is common for each complete associated convenience kit to be provided with items specifically required by the application.
As examples, for vitreous injections, which are generally required to be on the order of six to eight micro-liters, not only is it desired to have properly sized syringes, but also, due to the very small dose size, sharpened cannula which have no dead space when affixed to a syringe. For this reason, it is advisable to provide, as part of a general vitreous substitute convenience kit a zero dead space connecting cannula, such as the cannula 700 seen in FIGS. 48 and 49. Similarly, for handling pads both before and after a procedure, it is also advisable to provide, as an example, a sealable medical capsule as seen in FIGS. 50-52 whereby a sterile enclosing capsule 800 is provided as seen closed in FIG. 50 and then opened with a pad 802 ready for being soaked in FIG. 51 and being soaked by being dripped upon by a predetermined volume 804 of mitomycin stored in a filled syringe 220 for wetting the pad 802 appropriately as seen in FIG. 52.
Reference is again made to FIG. 16 where steps 370, 560 and 590 instruct manually opening or closing a valve for the purpose of assuring maintenance of a dripless state each time a dispensing device is affixed and then disconnected from a receiving dose syringe 220. Such is the case when a valve is used to assure against sterilized medicine 340 loss. While use of valves have proved effective in medicine preservation within the scope of the instant invention, the two steps required at each syringe 220 fill are both time consuming and mentally challenging. The same purpose can be accomplished, for example, without requiring valve switching, using an internal source assembly which can be driplessly detached without closing a valve. Attention is drawn to FIGS. 53-55 wherein, as an example, a switchless, dripless internal source assembly 900 is seen. In FIG. 53, source assembly 900 is seen to comprise a compression syringe 340 compressibly affixed by a retainer 902 disposed about and removably retained by finger flanges 906.
In this example, retainer 902 engages a compression spring 910 mounted about a plunger rod 903 between a plunger rod thumb button 904 and finger flanges 906 of syringe 340. Internal source assembly 900 makes use of incompressibility of liquid (water based substance), relative density of air to water and hydrophobic properties of material in liquid conducting pathways to effectively restrain liquid flow and, thereby, resist spillage, as disclosed hereafter.
As delivered, for the dripless connector providing step, providing a stopcock, such as stopcock 300, which performs as said dripless connector when closed, stopcock 300 comprises digital control operations for opening and closing an inherent stopcock valve from outside said kit bag; whereby exemplary stopcock 300 use steps comprise:
- digitally opening stopcock 300 during said interior source assembly 310 filling step;
- and digitally closing stopcock 300 before disengaging a connection between stopcock 300 and said filter assembly 42′;
- then opening stopcock 300 after engagement for displacement of sterilized medicine 340 into a dose syringe 220 thereafter and closing stopcock 300 before each following disengagement.
Switchless dripless assembly 900 is affixed to a filter assembly 42′ in the same manner interior source assembly 280 is affixed to filter assembly 42′. As taught supra, there are two operational steps during which spillage can occur within the scope of the instant invention. The first step is detaching an internal source assembly from filter assembly 42′, (see FIG. 30). This step occurs after initial internal source syringe filling, see action block 290 in FIG. 16. A second step occurs when displacing an internal source container from a just filled dose syringe 220 to an empty, ready to be filled dose syringe 220′ (see FIGS. 42-43).
To assure first step dripless operation, a compression spring 910, is compressibly disposed about a plunger rod 903, between a thumb button 914 and finger flanges 906 of syringe 340 as seen in FIG. 53. A retainer 922, affixed about plunger rod thumb button 914 and finger flanges 906, holds spring 910 in a compressed state. In practice, retainer 922 is removed just before sterilized medicine 340 is communicated into syringe 340, the result of which is seen in FIG. 54 where a bolus of sterilized medicine 340 and a small volume of air 940 is seen resident in barrel 930. It is preferable that compression spring 910 have a free length which provides a displacement in barrel 930 resulting in a greater volume than that of the bolus of sterilized medicine 340 and volume of air 940.
When internal source assembly 900 is rotated to a vertical disposition, as seen in FIG. 55, the volume of air 940 is disposed above the bolus of sterilized medicine 340 and will continue to be so as sterilized medicine 340 is drawn from barrel 930 and replaced by air 940 as seen in FIGS. 35, 36, 37, 38, 39 and 40. Note that operations associated with FIGS. 34 and 41 are not applicable as stopcock (valve) opening and closing is not required. The combination of reduction of air 940 pressure by action of compression spring 910, surface tension of sterilized medicine resident in female/female fitting 294 along with material hydrophobicity of female fitting 294 yields a tendancy for resisting fluid flow into fitting 294 and, thereby, spillage resistance which has been found sufficiently effective that loss due to spillage has been determined to be in an acceptable range. As a further consideration, adjusting each plunger rod plunger 384 (see FIG. 24) to capture less volume of air at atmospheric pressure than dose volume of sterilized medicine 340 (see FIG. 42) further assures dripless operation.
An advantage of use of a switchless dripless assembly 900 is that syringe filling operation requires but a single hand (because no switch actuation in needed). Because one hand is thereby unused in syringe 220 filling, adding handles to tray 230, as seen to tray 230′ in FIG. 21A, provides an opportunity to communicate digital force through kit bag 210 (to maintain in-bag sterility) against handles, commonly numbered 950, for anchoring and further stabilizing tray 230′ during syringe 220 filling by the otherwise unused hand. Also, having digital force applied to tray 230′ via a handle 950 provides for contemporaneous tray 230′ displacement when affixing assembly 900 to a syringe 220.
The invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiment is therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Patent Application
20240277573
