Patent Grant
11650013
The present application is a 35 U.S.C. ยงยง 371 national phase conversion of PCT/EP2018/061298, filed May 3, 2018, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference which claims priority of European Patent Application No. 17170804.3, filed May 12, 2017, the contents of which are incorporated by reference herein. The PCT International Application was published in the German language.
The invention relates to a conveying installation and a method for conveying a material for conveying. In particular, the invention relates to the conveyance of reactive and/or hot and/or abrasive material for conveying.
A reactive material for being conveyed means a material for being conveyed which reacts chemically and/or physically with environmental substances surrounding the conveying installation, for example with air, in particular with the oxygen of the air. In the conveyance of such a material, various demands are placed on its conveying installation. In the conveyance of hot material, the conveying mechanism of the conveying installation is also subjected to high temperatures, such that it must be cooled or must be fabricated from expensive heat-resistant materials. In the conveyance of such a reactive material and for example as a result of chemical reactions of the material being conveyed, it is possible that due to, for example, oxygen from the environment, harmful and/or environmentally damaging gas may escape from the material being conveyed, and/or the material being conveyed can heat up intensely as a result of the reactions, which can lead to material damage to the material being conveyed and/or to safety problems. In order to prevent contact of reactive material with, for example, oxygen, use is often made of an inert gas, for example nitrogen, in order to keep oxygen out of the environment of the material being conveyed. Furthermore, in the conveyance of such a material, dust often forms, which can likewise have a harmful and/or environmentally damaging effect and/or can be detrimental to sub-components of the conveying installation, and so the dust must be extracted from the conveying installation and disposed of.
US 2004/0063058 A1 discloses a multi-zone convection furnace in which gas from a cooling chamber of the furnace is conducted into one or more heating zones of the furnace in order to provide a specific thermal profile. The gas that is introduced from the cooling chamber into the one or more heating zones is of the same type of gas that is present in the heat zones, and is typically nitrogen.
The object of the invention is to provide a conveying installation and a method for conveying a material for being conveyed which are improved in particular with regard to the conveyance of reactive, hot and/or abrasive material being conveyed.
A conveying installation according to the invention for conveying a material for being conveyed along a conveying path comprises an installation housing with a conveying chamber, in which at least the conveying path is arranged, and with at least one secondary chamber, which is connected by means of at least one passage opening to the conveying chamber and which has a fluid atmosphere which differs physically and/or chemically from a fluid atmosphere in the conveying chamber. The at least one passage opening and the fluid atmospheres in the conveying chamber and in the at least one secondary chamber are configured for setting a defined fluid flow in the installation housing.
A chamber of an installation housing here means a substantially closed cavity of the installation housing. A fluid atmosphere in a chamber means its physical and chemical characteristics, for example the chemical composition, the pressure or the temperature, of a fluid that is situated in the chamber. A fluid means a gas or a liquid.
A conveying installation according to the invention thus permits a defined fluid flow in an installation housing of the conveying installation. This is achieved by division of the installation housing into a conveying chamber and at least one secondary chamber, which chambers have mutually different fluid atmospheres and which are connected by at least one passage opening. Arrangement of the conveying path in a conveying chamber permits substantial encapsulation of the conveying path with respect to the environment, such that the material being conveyed is substantially partitioned off with respect to environmental substances, particularly oxygen, from the environment. The setting of a defined fluid flow by means of mutually different fluid atmospheres in the conveying chamber and in the at least one secondary chamber additionally makes it possible for environmental substances and in particular oxygen to be kept out of the region of the material for being conveyed, and permits the defined discharge of harmful and/or environmentally damaging gases and dust out of the conveying chamber along with the fluid flow.
One embodiment of the invention provides for the installation housing to have at least one fluid inlet and at least one fluid outlet and to be otherwise of fluid-tight design aside from the at least one fluid inlet and the at least one fluid outlet. Fluid-tightness means fluid-tightness that satisfies a technical specification. The substantially fluid-tight design of the installation housing restricts escape of fluid from the installation housing to the fluid outlets, such that only a relatively small amount of fluid escapes from the installation housing. Furthermore, the emergence of fluid through the defined fluid outlets makes it possible for fluid that emerges from the installation housing to be targeted and at least partially collected and fed back to the installation housing. In this way, the consumption and the costs of the fluid used are advantageously reduced. The substantially fluid-tight design of the installation housing furthermore advantageously reduces ingress of environmental substances surrounding the conveying installation into the installation housing.
A further embodiment of the invention provides for an end of the conveying chamber, which is arranged in the region of the start of a conveying path, to be closed or closable. In this way, the direction of the fluid flow can be easily aligned with the transport direction of the material being conveyed.
The invention furthermore provides at least one component of a conveying mechanism for the conveying to be arranged in at least one secondary chamber. This advantageously makes it possible for sensitive components of the conveying mechanism to not be arranged in the conveying chamber but rather in a secondary chamber, whereby the sensitive components may be removed from the influence of high temperatures, dust and/or corrosive gases in the conveying chamber. Thus, components of the conveying mechanism can be protected against often adverse fluid atmosphere in the conveying chamber by the components being relocated into a secondary chamber. Furthermore, arranging those components of the conveying mechanism in a secondary chamber can be utilized to relatively easily cool the components in the secondary chamber, for example by fluid that is conducted into the secondary chamber and/or by a separate cooling device.
A further embodiment of the invention provides for the conveying mechanism to have a traction mechanism drive with at least one traction mechanism which is arranged in a secondary chamber and by means of which carrier elements for conveying the material being conveyed are movable. The material for conveying is for example transported directly by the carrier elements or in containers arranged on the carrier elements. Here, for example, the carrier elements separate the conveying chamber from a secondary chamber in which at least one traction mechanism is arranged. Alternatively, the carrier elements are arranged in the conveying chamber and project through a passage opening into at least one secondary chamber, in particular into a secondary chamber which is arranged laterally at the conveying chamber and in which a traction mechanism is arranged. The traction mechanism drives and the carrier elements that are moved by the traction mechanism are particularly highly suitable for being so moved, inter alia, owing to their robustness and their low maintenance requirements, for transporting reactive, hot and/or abrasive material being conveyed. Arrangement of a traction mechanism in a secondary chamber protects the traction mechanism against high temperatures, dust and/or corrosive fluids in the conveying chamber. When a conveying chamber is separated from a secondary chamber in which at least one traction mechanism is arranged, the carrier elements can be used not only for transporting the material being conveyed but at the same time for partitioning off the secondary chamber from the conveying chamber. For a traction mechanism being in a secondary chamber arranged laterally of the conveying chamber, the traction mechanism is spatially further separated from the material being conveyed, which is advantageous in particular in the transport of hot material for conveying, because the traction mechanism is then heated less intensely by the material being conveyed, and that mechanism therefore also requires less intense cooling.
A further embodiment of the invention provides an opening width of at least one passage opening to vary along the course of the passage opening. Regions of a secondary chamber with relatively narrow passage openings are particularly advantageously suitable for cooling of components, which are arranged there in the narrow opening of the conveying mechanism by means of fluid conducted into the secondary chamber, because particularly high fluid flows of the fluid arise in the narrowed regions. Furthermore, regions of a secondary chamber with relatively narrow passage openings are particularly advantageously suitable for the introduction of fluid into the secondary chamber, because less fluid flows from the secondary chambers into the conveying chamber in these regions than in regions with further passage openings. As a result, the introduced fluid can be distributed over greater regions of the secondary chamber. By contrast, regions with relatively wide passage openings are advantageously suitable for targeted conducting of relatively large amounts of fluid into the conveying chamber and thus for more intensely influencing the fluid flow in the conveying chamber. Therefore, through targeted variation of the opening width of a passage opening, it is possible for suitable regions of the secondary chamber to be defined for the cooling of components of the conveying mechanism or of other components of the conveying installation, for example the above-stated carrier elements, for positioning of fluid inlets and for influencing of fluid flow in the installation housing.
A further embodiment of the invention provides a cooling device for cooling at least one secondary chamber. This makes it possible in particular for components of the conveying mechanism that are arranged in the secondary chamber to be cooled when cooling by means of the fluid is not provided or is not sufficient.
A further embodiment of the invention provides a fluid circuit system which comprises at least one secondary chamber and which is configured for conducting a fluid through at least one passage opening from the secondary chamber into the conveying chamber. Such a fluid circuit system makes it advantageously possible for the consumption of fluid to be further lowered, because fluid discharged from a secondary chamber is fed via the fluid circuit system back to a secondary chamber, such that the fluid remains in the fluid circuit system.
The fluid circuit system may include at least one heat exchanger for cooling a fluid fed to a secondary chamber. In this way, the fluid that is cooled by means of the heat exchanger and subsequently conducted into a secondary chamber can advantageously also be used for cooling components, arranged in the secondary chamber, of the conveying mechanism.
Furthermore, the conveying installation may have a fluid recycling unit for receiving fluid from the conveying chamber and for feeding fluid back into the conveying chamber, wherein the fluid may be fed back directly and/or via the fluid circuit system. The fluid recycling unit may have a fluid cleaning unit for cleaning the fluid received from the conveying chamber. In this way, fluid that emerges or is extracted from the conveying chamber can be at least partially collected and recycled by being fed back into the conveying chamber. Here, it is not necessary for fluid to be fed to the fluid recycling unit directly from the conveying chamber. It rather is also possible for fluid to be discharged from the conveying chamber into an apparatus connected downstream of the conveying installation, for example into a bunker into which the material for conveying is conveyed, and for the fluid to be fed from the apparatus to the fluid recycling unit. The consumption of fluid can advantageously be lowered in this way. Since fluid emerging or extracted from the conveying chamber often contains dust and/or gas that has escaped from the material being conveyed, a fluid cleaning unit can be advantageous for cleaning the fluid that is received from the conveying chamber.
A further embodiment of the invention provides a closed-loop control system for closed-loop control of a fluid flow from at least one secondary chamber into the conveying chamber in a manner dependent on a pressure difference between a pressure in the secondary chamber and a pressure in the conveying chamber. This enables the fluid flow to be advantageously set particularly accurately as required.
In a method according to the invention for operating a conveying installation according to the invention, a higher fluid pressure is set in each secondary chamber than in the conveying chamber. This causes fluid flows from each secondary chamber into the conveying chamber, and not in the opposite direction from the conveying chamber into a secondary chamber. The higher fluid pressure in each secondary chamber in relation to the pressure in the conveying chamber, and the resulting fluid flow from each secondary chamber into the conveying chamber, advantageously also prevents the ingress of fluid that has escaped from the material being conveyed, and/or of dust that has formed during the transport of the material being conveyed, into a secondary chamber.
In one embodiment of the method a fluid recycling unit recycles fluid from the conveying chamber to be fed back into the conveying chamber directly and/or via at least one secondary chamber. The consumption of fluid can be advantageously lowered. In particular, the fluid is cleaned in the fluid recycling unit before being fed back into the conveying chamber. It is advantageously possible to prevent dust and/or fluid that has escaped from the material being conveyed to pass back into the conveying chamber with the fed-back fluid.
The above-described characteristics, features and advantages of this invention, and the manner in which these are achieved, will become clearer and more clearly understandable in conjunction with the following description of exemplary embodiments, which will be discussed in more detail in conjunction with the drawings, in which:
Parts which correspond to one another are denoted by the same reference designations in the Figures.
The material being conveyed is for example a reactive and/or hot and/or abrasive material being conveyed. In particular, harmful and/or environmentally damaging fluid may escape from the material being conveyed, which fluid therefore should not escape in uncontrolled fashion into the environment. Furthermore, dust may form during the transport of the material being conveyed in the conveying chamber 5.
The conveying chamber 5 and the secondary chamber 7 have fluid atmospheres which fluid atmospheres differ physically and/or chemically. In particular, the fluid atmosphere in the secondary chamber 7 has a higher fluid pressure than the fluid atmosphere in the conveying chamber 5. Fluid flows through the passage openings 9 from the secondary chamber 7 substantially into the conveying chamber 5, and do not flow in the opposite direction from the conveying chamber 5 into the secondary chamber 7. The fluid atmosphere in the conveying chamber 5 may, in particular in the case of a hot material being conveyed, have a higher temperature than the fluid atmosphere in the secondary chamber 7, and/or the atmosphere in the conveying chamber may contain gas that has escaped from the material being conveyed and/or may contain dust that forms during the transport of that material being conveyed. The relatively high fluid pressure in the secondary chamber 7 and the resulting fluid flow from the secondary chamber 7 into the conveying chamber 5 advantageously also prevent ingress of the gas and/or dust from the conveying chamber 5 into the secondary chamber 7.
The conveying path runs in the conveying chamber 5 between a first conveying chamber end 13 and a second conveying chamber end 15. In the region of the first conveying chamber end 13, material being conveyed is introduced into the conveying chamber 5. At the second conveying chamber end 15, the material being conveyed is discharged from the conveying chamber 5. The first conveying chamber end 13 is for example configured to be closed or closable, whereas the second conveying chamber end 15 has a first fluid outlet 17 through which the fluid flows out of the conveying chamber 5, for example together with the material being conveyed. The installation housing 3 furthermore has a second fluid outlet 18 through which fluid circulating in the fluid circuit system 11 is discharged from the secondary chamber 7. Furthermore, the installation housing 3 may have further fluid outlets 19 through which fluid can be extracted from the conveying chamber 5, for example if a fluid pressure in the conveying chamber 5 overshoots a pressure threshold value. Such fluid outlets 19 may for example have in each case one safety element, for example a safety valve, for example if a safety study considers this to be necessary.
The installation housing 3 furthermore has a first fluid inlet 21, through which fluid circulating in the fluid circuit system is fed into the secondary chamber 7. Furthermore, the installation housing 3 may have further fluid inlets 22, through which fluid can be fed to the conveying chamber 5, for example in order to influence a fluid flow in the conveying chamber 5. Aside from the fluid outlets 17 to 19 and the fluid inlets 21, 22, the installation housing 3 is of fluid-tight design. In other exemplary embodiments, the first fluid inlet 21 and/or the second fluid outlet 18 may also be arranged at locations other than the locations of the secondary chamber 7 shown in
By means of this substantially fluid-tight design of the installation housing 3, escape of fluid from the installation housing 3 is restricted to the fluid outlets 17 to 19, such that an only relatively small amount of fluid escapes from the installation housing 3. Furthermore, fluid that has been discharged from the second fluid outlet 18 is fed back to the secondary chamber 7 through the fluid circuit system 11 via the first fluid inlet 21. Moreover, fluid emerging from the first fluid outlet 17 and/or from at least one further fluid outlet 19 may possibly be at least partially collected, fed to the fluid circuit system 11 (possibly after cleaning, see
A further advantage of the substantially fluid-tight design of the installation housing 3 and of the higher fluid pressure in the secondary chamber 7 in relation to the conveying chamber 5 is that harmful and/or environmentally damaging fluid that has escaped from the material being conveyed can likewise emerge from the conveying chamber 5 only at the fluid outlets 17, 19 and can be disposed of there. The same applies to dust that is situated in the conveying chamber 5.
Components of the conveying mechanism for conveying the material being conveyed are arranged in the secondary chamber 7.
The fluid circuit system 11 conducts fluid through the secondary chamber 7, out of the secondary chamber 7 through the second fluid outlet 18, and, for example by means of pipelines, via a turbomachine 25 and optionally via a heat exchanger 27 and back into the secondary chamber 7 through the first fluid inlet 21. Furthermore, the fluid circuit system 11 has a fluid feed 29, through which fluid can be fed to the fluid circuit system 11, particularly to replace fluid that is discharged from the secondary chamber 7 into the conveying chamber 5 through the passage openings 9.
The turbomachine 5 is a blower or a pump, depending on whether the fluid is a gas or a liquid.
The optional heat exchanger 27 serves for cooling the fluid. It is advantageous in particular in cases in which a hot material being conveyed is transported in the conveying chamber 5 and also components, all of which are to be cooled, of a conveying mechanism for conveying the material being conveyed are arranged in the secondary chamber 7. In these cases, the fluid conducted into the secondary chamber 7 and cooled by the heat exchanger 27 can advantageously also be used for cooling the components of the conveying mechanism arranged in the secondary chamber 7. Alternatively or in addition, the conveying installation may have a separate cooling device (not illustrated) for cooling the secondary chamber 7. For example, the cooling device may have a cooling pipe which is fillable with a coolant or may have multiple cooling pipes, wherein at least one cooling pipe may be situated within the secondary chamber 7.
Modifications of the exemplary embodiment shown in
The conveying installation 1 comprises an installation housing 3, which has a conveying chamber 5, three secondary chambers 6 to 8, and two additional chambers 31, 32.
The conveying chamber 5 is of a generally ring-shaped form including two horizontally running horizontal portions 34, 36 and two vertically running diverting portions 38, 40. The lower horizontal portion 34 runs below and is spaced apart from an upper horizontal portion 36. The diverting portions 38, 40 form oppositely situated conveying chamber ends 13, 15 of the conveying chamber 5 and each diverting portion connects the two horizontal portions 34, 36 to one another. The conveying path runs in the upper horizontal portion 36 of the conveying chamber 5 between a first conveying chamber end 13 formed by a first diverting portion 38 and a second conveying chamber end 15 formed by a second diverting portion 40. In the vicinity of the first conveying chamber end 13, the installation housing 3 has a charging inlet 42 which is arranged above the upper horizontal portion 36, through which material being conveyed is introduced into the conveying chamber 5. In the region of the second conveying chamber and 15, the installation housing 3 has a discharge opening 44 which is arranged below the second diverting portion 40 and through which material being conveyed is discharged out of the conveying chamber 5.
The secondary chambers 6 to 8 are each of ring-shaped form. The conveying chamber 5 runs around a first secondary chamber 6, wherein a bottom side of the upper horizontal portion 36, a top side of the lower horizontal portion 34 and the two diverting portions 38, 40 of the conveying chamber 5 join the first secondary chamber 6. A second secondary chamber 7 and a third secondary chamber 8 are arranged at different sides of the first secondary chamber 6 and each adjoins an outer side of the first secondary chamber 6 along the entire ring-shaped course thereof.
The conveying chamber 5 and the first secondary chamber 6 are separated from one another by carrier elements 46, which transport the material being conveyed. The material being conveyed is for example transported directly by the carrier elements 46 or in containers arranged on the carrier elements 46. The carrier elements 46 are configured for example as carrier plates. Traction mechanisms 48 are arranged in the first secondary chamber 6. Each traction mechanism runs in encircling fashion within the first secondary chamber 6 along its ring-shaped course and each is connected to the carrier elements 46. The traction mechanisms 48 are for example configured as drive chains. The carrier elements 46 are movable with the traction mechanisms 48 along a closed path, which comprises the conveying path, in the installation housing 3. Each traction mechanism 48 runs, below the upper horizontal portion 36 and above the lower horizontal portion 34 of the conveying chamber 5, rectilinearly between two diverting regions 50, 52 which are each situated in the region of one of the conveying chamber ends 13, 15 and in which the traction mechanism 48 is diverted.
The traction mechanisms 48 are each driven by drive wheels 54, each arranged in a diverting region 50, 52 of the traction mechanisms 48. The traction mechanisms 48 and their drive wheels 54 form a traction mechanism drive, which move the carrier elements 46. A respective one of the two additional chambers 31, 32 is arranged at each diverting region 50, 52. The drive wheels 54 of the diverting region 50, 52 are arranged in the additional chambers. Each additional chamber 31, 32 adjoins the first secondary chamber 6. For each drive wheel 54 arranged therein, each additional chamber has connecting openings 56 to the first secondary chamber 6, through which connecting openings the drive wheel 54 projects into the first secondary chamber 6.
The second secondary chamber 7 and the third secondary chamber 8 are each connected by a passage opening 9, which opening for example, runs in a ring-shaped encircling fashion and is of slot-like form, to the conveying chamber 5 and to the first secondary chamber 6. The carrier elements 46 project through the passage openings 9 into the second secondary chamber 7 and into the third secondary chamber 8. Guide wheels 58 are arranged in the second secondary chamber 7 and in the third secondary chamber 8 which guide the carrier elements 46. At least one secondary chamber 6 to 8 may furthermore additionally be connected by at least one further passage opening 10 to the conveying chamber 5. For example, further passage openings 10 between the first secondary chamber 6 and the conveying chamber 5 may be realized by gaps between the carrier elements 46.
Analogously to the first exemplary embodiment illustrated in
As in the first exemplary embodiment illustrated in
Further, the conveying chamber 5 and the secondary chambers 6 to 8 have, as in the first embodiment in
Analogously to the first exemplary embodiment illustrated in
The exemplary embodiment of a conveying installation 1 illustrated in
Analogously to the exemplary embodiment shown in
Analogously to the exemplary embodiment shown in
By contrast to the exemplary embodiment shown in
Relocation of the traction mechanisms 48 into the secondary chambers 7, 8, simplifies the construction of the installation housing 3 in relation to the exemplary embodiment shown in
The spacing of the carrier elements 46 from the conveying chamber wall 60 causes a substantially homogeneous fluid atmosphere to form above and below the carrier elements 46. It is advantageous that temperature differences and turbulent flows within the conveying chamber 5 are reduced. The spacing of the carrier elements 46 from the conveying chamber wall 60 and thermal insulation of the conveying chamber wall 60 by thermal insulation layer 62 reduces heat losses from the conveying chamber 5. In that case, during transport of hot material being conveyed, the temperature of the material can be more effectively kept at an approximately constant level along the conveying path.
The exemplary embodiment of a conveying installation 1 shown in
Furthermore, the installation housing 3 may be designed for discharging material being conveyed that falls from carrier elements 46 during their conveyance along the conveying path, in a manner such that the conveying chamber 5 does not gradually become blocked by material being conveyed that falls from carrier elements 46. For this purpose, as in
Although the invention has been illustrated and described in more detail on the basis of preferred exemplary embodiments, the invention is not restricted by the disclosed examples, and other variations may be derived from these by a person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the invention.
1 Conveying installation
3 Installation housing
5 Conveying chamber
6 to 8 Secondary chamber
9, 10 Passage opening
11 Fluid circuit system
13, 15 Conveying chamber end
17 to 19 Fluid outlet
21, 22 Fluid inlet
25 Turbomachine
27 Heat exchanger
29 Fluid feed
31, 32 Additional chamber
34, 36 Horizontal portion
38, 40 Vertical portion
42 Charging inlet
44 Discharge opening
46 Carrier element
48 Traction mechanism
50, 52 Diverting region
54 Drive wheel
56, 57 Connecting opening
58 Guide wheel
60 Conveying chamber wall
62 Heat insulation layer
70 Fluid recycling unit
72 Fluid cleaning unit
80 Closed-loop control system
82 Pressure measuring device
84 Control unit
86 Control valve
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 17170804 | May 2017 | EP | regional |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2018/061298 | 5/3/2018 | WO |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018/206383 | 11/15/2018 | WO | A |
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20200103170 A1 | Apr 2020 | US |
