Patent Application
20110051879
1. Field
Example embodiments generally relate to fuel structures and materials used in nuclear power plants.
2. Description of Related Art
Generally, nuclear power plants include a reactor core having fuel arranged therein to produce power by nuclear fission. A common design in nuclear power plants is to arrange fuel in a plurality of fuel rods bound together as a fuel assembly, or fuel bundle, placed within the reactor core. These fuel rods typically include several elements joining the fuel rods to assembly components at various axial locations throughout the assembly.
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A continuing problem during operation of a nuclear reactor is the existence of debris of various sizes. Examples of such debris may include small-sized fasteners, metal clips, welding slag, pieces of wire, etc. The debris may be generated as a result of the original construction of the reactor core, subsequent reactor operation and/or due to repairs made during a planned or unplanned maintenance outage. Current fuel designs do not prevent particulate debris from entering the top of the fuel bundle. As work is performed during outages, there is the possibility that debris can enter the top of the fuel bundles and cause a fuel failure.
Example embodiments are directed to upper tie plates for debris mitigation. Example embodiment upper tie plates may have a plurality of debris capture features above the plurality of bosses and configured to overlap each other. In this way, the plurality of debris capture features may prevent or reduce debris from entering the top of a fuel bundle.
Example embodiment fuel bundles may use upper tie plates including the plurality of debris capture features such that particulate debris is prevented or reduced from continually falling into a fuel bundle below and cause failed fuel rods.
Example embodiments will become more apparent by describing, in detail, the attached drawings, wherein like elements are represented by like reference numerals, which are given by way of illustration only and thus do not limit the example embodiments herein.
Detailed illustrative example embodiments are disclosed herein. However, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are merely representative for purposes of describing example embodiments. The example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many alternate forms and should not be construed as limited to only example embodiments set forth herein.
It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments. As used herein, the term in “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being “connected,” “coupled,” “mated,” “attached,” or “fixed” to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being “directly connected” or “directly coupled” to another element, there are no intervening elements present. Other words used to describe the relationship between elements should be interpreted in a like fashion (e.g., “between” versus “directly between”, “adjacent” versus “directly adjacent”, etc.).
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the language explicitly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “includes,” and/or “including,” when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions/acts noted may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two figures shown in succession may in fact be executed substantially concurrently or may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved.
The plurality of debris capture features 120 may take on a variety of configurations. For example, the plurality of debris capture features 120 may be one of troughs, conical features and/or any other shape that captures debris. The plurality of debris capture features 120 may be at an angle with respect to a vertical direction to allow the debris to collect at one end and may be at different heights above the plurality of bosses 117. Sides of the debris capture features 120 may be one of a triangular, rectangular, trapezoidal, and/or some other irregular shape.
At least two of the plurality of debris capture features 120 are offset from one another by a flow area 130 between the plurality of debris capture features 120, which minimizes or reduces the resulting pressure drop caused by the debris capture features 120. The plurality of debris capture features 120 may be integral with the upper tie plate 100 or may be coupled together in a separate assembly mounted on top of the upper tie plate 100. The above-described configuration of the plurality of debris capture features 120 according to example embodiments allows for the falling debris to collect within. As such, the debris capture features 120 may prevent or reduce particulate debris from continually falling into a fuel bundle below (not shown), thereby causing failed fuel rods.
An example embodiment upper tie plate 100 includes a body 110 having a plurality of bosses 115 therein. Some of the plurality of bosses 117 may be longer in length than the other bosses 116. A plurality of debris capture features 120 are formed on or connected to the plurality of bosses 117 or formed on the handle 140 of the upper tie plate 100. The plurality of debris capture features 120 may overlap each other so as to create debris traps for particulate debris that would fall onto the fuel bundle. At least two of the plurality of debris capture features 120 are offset from one another by a flow area 130 between the plurality of debris capture features 120, which minimizes or reduces the resulting pressure drop caused by the debris capture features 120.
As described above, an example embodiment of a debris mitigation upper tie plate includes a plurality of debris capture features that allow for the falling debris to collect within. As such, the plurality of debris capture features may prevent or reduce particulate debris from falling and damaging the fuel rods of a fuel bundle.
Example embodiments thus being described, it will be appreciated by one skilled in the art that example embodiments may be varied through routine experimentation and without further inventive activity. For example, other fuel types, shapes, and configurations may be used in conjunction with example embodiment fuel bundles and tiered tie plates. Variations are not to be regarded as departure from the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments, and all such modifications as would be obvious to one skilled in the art are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.
