Claims
- 1. An image forming apparatus, comprising:
- a contact-charging means for charging a photosensitive member for bearing an electrostatic image while contacting the photosensitive member, and
- a developing means for developing an electrostatic image formed on the photosensitive member with a developer which comprises a toner, and negatively chargeable spherical resin particles having an average particle size of 0.03-1.0 micron and a volume resistivity of 10.sup.6 -10.sup.12 ohm.cm.
- 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said photosensitive member comprises an organic photoconductor layer and said contact-charging means is pressed against the photosensitive member at an abutting pressure of 5-500 g/cm.
- 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said contact-charging means is in the form of a roller comprising an electroconductive rubber layer and a releasable coating.
- 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said contact-charging means is equipped with a voltage application means for applying an AC voltage or/and a DC voltage.
- 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said contact charging means is equipped with a bias voltage application means for applying an AC voltage at 0.5-5 kVpp and 50-3000 Hz and a DC voltage of -200 to -900 volts.
- 6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said developing means comprises a developing sleeve for carrying the developer.
- 7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said photosensitive member is equipped with a cleaning means.
- 8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said cleaning means comprises a cleaning blade.
- 9. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said electroconductive rubber layer has a thickness of 0.1-10 mm, and the releasable coating has a thickness of 5-30 microns.
- 10. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said electroconductive rubber layer comprises ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer, and said releasable coating comprises nylon resin.
- 11. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said photosensitive member is surfaced with a resin selected from the group consisting of silicone resin, vinylidene chloride resin, ethylene-vinyl chloride resin, styrene-acrylonitrile resin, styrene-methyl methacrylate resin, styrene resin, polyethylene terephthalate resin and polycarbonate resin.
- 12. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said photosensitive member is surfaced with polycarbonate resin.
- 13. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said toner comprises toner particles and hydrophobic inorganic fine powder.
- 14. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said toner comprises toner particles and hydrophobic metal oxide fine powder.
- 15. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said toner comprises toner particles and hydrophobic silica fine powder.
- 16. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said toner comprises toner particles and hydrophobic inorganic fine powder treated with silicone oil or silicone varnish.
- 17. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said toner comprises toner particles having a volume-average particle size of 4-8 microns.
- 18. The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein said toner particles have a volume-average particle size of 6-8 microns.
- 19. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said toner comprises magnetic toner particles.
- 20. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said negatively chargeable spherical resin particles have a triboelectric charge of -50 to -170 .mu.C/g.
- 21. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said developer contains 0.01-1.0 wt. part of the negatively chargeable spherical resin particles and 0.1-3.0 wt. parts of hydrophobic inorganic fine powder per 100 wt. parts of toner particles constituting the toner.
- 22. The apparatus according to claim 21, wherein said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder is contained in a larger production than the negatively chargeable spherical resin particles.
- 23. The apparatus according to claim 22, wherein 0.2-2.0 wt. parts of the hydrophobic inorganic fine powder is mixed with 100 wt. parts of the toner particles.
- 24. The apparatus according to claim 22, wherein 0.6-1.6 wt. parts of the hydrophobic inorganic fine powder is mixed with 100 wt. parts of the toner particles.
- 25. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said toner comprises toner particles, hydrophobic inorganic fine powder and aliphatic acid metal salt fine powder.
- 26. The apparatus according to claim 25, wherein said aliphatic acid metal salt fine powder has a positive chargeability and a primary average particle size of 1 micron or smaller.
- 27. The apparatus according to claim 25, which wherein said developer contains 0.01-1.0 wt. part of the negatively chargeable spherical resin particles, 0.1-3.0 wt. parts of the inorganic fine powder treated with silicone oil or silicone varnish, and 0.05-0.7 wt. part of the aliphatic acid metal salt fine powder per 100 wt. parts of the toner particles.
- 28. The apparatus according to claim 25, wherein the amount of the hydrophobic inorganic fine powder is larger than the total amount of the negatively chargeable spherical resin particles and the aliphatic acid metal salt and is also larger than 4 times the amount of the aliphatic acid metal salt.
- 29. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said toner comprises toner particles containing a binder resin which comprises 3-30 wt. parts of polymerized monomer units having an acid group formed of a carboxyl group or its anhydride per 100 wt. parts of the binder resin and has an acid value of 1-70.
- 30. The apparatus according to claim 29, wherein said toner comprises magnetic toner particles.
- 31. The apparatus according to claim 29, wherein said toner particles have a volume-average particle size of 4-8 microns.
- 32. The apparatus according to claim 30, wherein said magnetic toner particles have a volume-average particle size of 6-8 microns; the developer has a BET specific surface area of 1.8-3.5 m.sup.2 /g, a loose apparent density of 0.4-0.29 g/cm.sup.3 ; and a true density of 1.22-1.8 g/cm.sup.3 ; and 100 parts of the magnetic toner particles are mixed with 0.01-1.0 wt. part of the negatively chargeable spherical resin particles having an average particle size of 0.03-1.0 microns, a volume resistivity of 10.sup.6 -10.sup.2 ohm.cm and a triboelectric charge of -50 to -170 .mu.C/g and 0.6-1.6 wt. parts of the hydrophobic inorganic fine powder treated with silicone oil or silicone varnish.
- 33. The apparatus according to claim 32, wherein said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder is contained in a larger production than the negatively chargeable spherical resin particles.
- 34. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said negatively chargeable spherical resin particles have a primary average particle size of 0.05-0.8 micron.
- 35. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said negatively chargeable spherical resin particles comprise a polymer or copolymer obtained by polymerizing a vinyl monomer selected from the group consisting of styrene, acrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and mixtures thereof.
- 36. An apparatus unit comprising: a photosensitive member; a contact charging means, a developing means for developing an electrostatic image formed on the photosensitive member with a developer which comprises a toner, and negatively chargeable spherical resin particles having an average particle size of 0.03-1.0 micron and a volume resistivity of 10.sup.6 -10.sup.12 ohm.cm;
- wherein at least one of said contact-charging means and developing means is supported integrally together with said photosensitive member to form a single unit, which can be connected to or released from an apparatus body as desired.
- 37. The apparatus unit according to claim 36, wherein said photosensitive member comprises an organic photoconductor layer and said contact-charging means is pressed against the photosensitive member at an abutting pressure of 5-500 g/cm.
- 38. The apparatus unit according to claim 36, wherein said contact-charging means is in the form of a roller comprising an electroconductive rubber layer and a releasable coating.
- 39. The apparatus unit according to claim 36, wherein said contact-charging means is equipped with a voltage application means for applying an AC voltage or/and a DC voltage.
- 40. The apparatus unit according to claim 36, wherein said contact charging means is equipped with a bias voltage application means for applying an AC voltage at 0.5-5 kVpp and 50-3000 Hz and a DC voltage of -200 to -900 volts.
- 41. The apparatus unit according to claim 36, wherein said developing means comprises a developing sleeve for carrying the developer.
- 42. The apparatus unit according to claim 36, wherein said photosensitive member is equipped with a cleaning means.
- 43. The apparatus unit according to claim 42, wherein said cleaning means comprises a cleaning blade.
- 44. The apparatus unit according to claim 42, wherein said electroconductive rubber layer has a thickness of 0.1-10 mm, and the releasable coating has a thickness of 5-30 microns.
- 45. The apparatus unit according to claim 42, wherein said electroconductive rubber layer comprises ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer, and said releasable coating comprises nylon resin.
- 46. The apparatus unit according to claim 36, wherein said photosensitive member is surfaced with a resin selected from the group consisting of silicone resin, vinylidene chloride resin, ethylene-vinyl chloride resin, styrene-acrylonitrile resin, styrene-methyl methacrylate resin, styrene resin, polyethylene terephthalate resin and polycarbonate resin.
- 47. The apparatus unit according to claim 36, wherein said photosensitive member is surfaced with polycarbonate resin.
- 48. A facsimile apparatus, comprising: an electrophotographic apparatus and a receiving means for receiving image data from a remote terminal, wherein said electrophotographic apparatus comprises:
- a contact-charging means for charging a photosensitive member for bearing an electrostatic image while contacting the photosensitive member, and
- a developing means for developing an electrostatic image formed on the photosensitive member with a developer which comprises a toner, and negatively chargeable spherical resin particles having an average particle size of 0.03-1.0 micron and a volume resistivity of 10.sup.6 -10.sup.12 ohm.cm.
- 49. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 48, wherein said electrophotographic apparatus comprises an apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 35.
- 50. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 48, wherein said photosensitive member comprises an organic photoconductor layer and said contact-charging means is pressed against the photosensitive member at an abutting pressure of 5-500 g/cm.
- 51. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 48, wherein said contact-charging means is in the form of a roller comprising an electroconductive rubber layer and a releasable coating.
- 52. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 48, wherein said contact-charging means is provided with a voltage application means for applying an AC voltage or/and a DC voltage.
- 53. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 48, wherein said contact-charging means is provided with a bias voltage application means for applying an AC voltage at 0.5-5 kVpp and 50-3000 Hz and a DC voltage of -200 to -900 volts.
- 54. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 48, wherein said developing means comprises a developing sleeve for carrying the developer.
- 55. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 48, wherein said photosensitive member is provided with a cleaning means.
- 56. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 55, wherein said cleaning means comprises a cleaning blade.
- 57. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 51, wherein said electroconductive rubber layer has a thickness of 0.1 -10 mm, and the releasable coating has a thickness of 5-30 microns.
- 58. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 51, wherein said electroconductive rubber layer comprises ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer, and said releasable coating comprises nylon resin.
- 59. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 48, wherein said photosensitive member is surfaced with a resin selected from the group consisting of silicone resin, vinylidene chloride resin, ethylene-vinyl chloride resin, styrene-acrylontirile resin, styrene-methyl methacrylate resin, styrene resin, polyethylene terephthalate resin and polycarbonate resin.
- 60. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 48, wherein said photosensitive member is surfaced with a polycarbonate resin.
- 61. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 48, wherein said toner comprises toner particles and hydrophobic inorganic fine powder.
- 62. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 48, wherein said toner comprises toner particles and hydrophobic metal oxide fine powder.
- 63. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 48, wherein said toner comprises toner particles and hydrophobic silica fine powder.
- 64. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 48, wherein said toner comprises toner particles and hydrophobic inorganic fine powder treated with silicone oil or silicone varnish.
- 65. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 48, wherein said toner comprises toner particles having a volume-average particle size of 4-8 microns.
- 66. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 48, wherein said toner particles have a volume-average particle size of 6-8 microns.
- 67. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 48, wherein said toner comprises magnetic toner particles.
- 68. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 48, wherein said negatively chargeable spherical resin particles have a triboelectric charge of -50 to -400 .mu.C/g.
- 69. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 48, wherein said developer contains 0.01-1.0 wt. part of the negatively chargeable spherical resin particles and 0.1-3.0 wt. parts of hydrophobic inorganic fine powder per 100 wt. parts of toner particles constituting the toner.
- 70. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 69, wherein said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder is contained in a larger production than the negatively chargeable spherical resin particles.
- 71. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 70, wherein 0.2-2.0 wt. parts of the hydrophobic inorganic fine powder is mixed with 100 wt. parts of the toner particles.
- 72. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 70, wherein 0.6-1.6 wt. parts of the hydrophobic inorganic fine powder is mixed with 100 wt. parts of the toner particles.
- 73. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 48, wherein said toner comprises tone particles, hydrophobic inorganic fine powder and aliphatic acid metal salt fine powder.
- 74. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 73, wherein said aliphatic acid metal salt fine powder has a positive chargeability and a primary average particle size of 1 micron or smaller.
- 75. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 73, which comprises 0.01-1.0 wt. part of the negatively chargeable spherical resin particles, 0.1-3.0 wt. parts of the fine powder treated with silicone oil or silicone varnish, and 0.5-0.7 wt. part of the aliphatic acid metal salt fine powder per 100 wt. parts of the toner particles.
- 76. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 73, wherein the amount of the hydrophobic inorganic fine powder is larger than the total amount of the negatively chargeable spherical resin particles and the aliphatic acid metal salt and is also larger than 4 times the amount of the aliphatic acid metal salt.
- 77. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 48, wherein said toner comprises toner particles containing a binder resin which comprises 3-30 wt. parts of polymerized monomer units having an acid group formed of a carboxyl group or its anhydride per 100 wt. parts of the binder resin and has an acid value of 1-70.
- 78. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 77, wherein said toner comprises magnetic toner particles.
- 79. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 77, wherein said toner particles have a volume-average particle size of 4-8 microns
- 80. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 78, wherein said toner particles have a volume-average particle size of 6-8 microns; the developer has a BET specific surface area of 1.8-3.5 m.sup.2 /g, a loose apparent density of 0.4-0.52 g/cm.sup.3, and a true density of 1.45-1.8 g/cm.sup.3 ; and 100 parts of the magnetic toner particles are mixed with 0.01-1.0 wt. part of the negatively chargeable spherical resin particles having an average particle size of 0.03-1.0 micron, a volume resistivity of 10.sup.6 -10.sup.12 ohm.cm and a triboelectric charge of -50 to -400 .mu.C/g and 0.6-1.6 wt. parts of the hydrophobic inorganic fine powder treated with silicone oil or silicone varnish.
- 81. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 80, wherein said hydrophobic inorganic fine powder is contained in a larger production than the negatively chargeable spherical resin particles.
- 82. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 48, wherein said negatively chargeable spherical resin particles have a primary average particle size of 0.05-0.8 micron.
- 83. The facsimile apparatus according to claim 48, wherein said negatively chargeable spherical resin particles comprises a polymer or copolymer obtained by polymerizing a vinyl monomer selected from the group consisting of styrene, acrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and mixtures thereof.
Priority Claims (6)
Number |
Date |
Country |
Kind |
1-194011 |
Jul 1989 |
JPX |
|
1-194012 |
Jul 1989 |
JPX |
|
1-194023 |
Jul 1989 |
JPX |
|
1-194027 |
Jul 1989 |
JPX |
|
1-309241 |
Nov 1989 |
JPX |
|
1-331300 |
Dec 1989 |
JPX |
|
Parent Case Info
This application is a division of application Ser. No. 07/557,757 filed Jul. 26, 1990 now U.S. Pat. No. 5,139,914.
US Referenced Citations (5)
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Non-Patent Literature Citations (2)
Entry |
Pat. Abstracts of Japan, vol. 14, No. 363 (P-918) (3711), Aug. 14, 1989 (Konica Corp.). |
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Divisions (1)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
557757 |
Jul 1990 |
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