Claims
- 1. A method of forming a toner composition containing a predetermined metal content, comprising:
- (a) determining a first target percentage of at least one pigment or dye containing metal in a toner composition according to a prescribed level of metal content in said toner;
- (b) determining a second target percentage of at least one metal-free pigment or dye in said toner required to provide sufficient coloration without allowing a percentage of said at least one pigment or dye containing metal to exceed said first target percentage; and
- (c) dispersing said at least one pigment or dye containing metal and said at least one metal-free pigment or dye together in a toner composition.
- 2. The method of claim 1, wherein said prescribed level is prescribed by a hazardous waste disposal standard.
- 3. The method of claim 1, wherein said pigments are dispersed together with a binder resin.
- 4. The method of claim 3, wherein said binder resin is a polyester resin obtained from the reaction of bisphenol A and propylene oxide, followed by the reaction of the resulting product with fumaric acid.
- 5. The method of claim 1, wherein said pigments are dispersed together with a lubricating wax.
- 6. The method of claim 1, wherein said pigments or dyes are contained in an amount of from about 1% by weight to about 25% by weight of said toner composition.
- 7. The method of claim 1, wherein said first target percentage of said at least one pigment or dye containing metal is determined by the relationship (1):
- X=S.sub.1 /100M (1)
- wherein X is said first target percentage of at least one pigment or dye containing metal in the toner; S.sub.1 is the maximum parts per million (ppm) of metal permitted by a hazardous waste standard; and M is a metal content percentage of said at least one pigment or dye containing metal.
- 8. The method of claim 7, wherein said second target percentage of said at least one metal-free pigment or dye is determined by the relationship (2):
- Y=(S.sub.2 -X)K (2)
- wherein S.sub.2 is a percentage of pigment or dye required in the toner composition to provide coloration as established by a color requirement, Y is a percentage of said at least one metal-free pigment or dye required to be added to the toner components to meet the requirement S.sub.2, and K is the ratio of the color strength of the at least one pigment or dye containing metal to the color strength of the at least one metal-free pigment or dye.
- 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein said at least one pigment containing metal includes more than one pigment, each pigment having a different metal or the same metal in a different concentration.
- 10. A toner composition containing a predetermined metal content, comprising:
- (a) at least one pigment or dye containing metal; and
- (b) at least one metal-free pigment or dye dispersed together in a proportion to provide a toner with developer properties and said metal content below a prescribed level, said toner composition formed by a method comprising:
- (i) determining a percentage of at least one pigment or dye containing metal in a toner composition according to a prescribed level of metal content in said toner;
- (ii) determining a percentage of said at least one metal-free pigment or dye in said toner according to a total percentage of pigment or dye required to provide sufficient coloration with respect to said percentage of said at least one pigment or dye containing metal; and
- (iii) selecting said proportions according to the percentage of said at least one metal-free pigment or dye.
- 11. The composition of claim 10, wherein said at least one metal-free pigment is selected from the group consisting of Heliogen Blue D-7560, Sudan Blue 670, Basonyl red 560, Hostaperm pink EB, Sudan Red 380, BASF Paliogen Red L3870HD, and Paliogen Blue L6482.
- 12. The compositions according to claim 10, wherein said metal-free dye is Thermoplast blue dye.
- 13. The composition of claim 10, wherein said at least one pigment comprising metal is selected from the group consisting of Heliogen Blue K7090, Fanal pink D4830 and Lithol Scarlet D3700.
- 14. The composition of claim 10, wherein said composition comprises a combination of pigments or dyes selected from the group consisting of (1) Heliogen Blue K7090 and Heliogen Blue D-7560, (2) Heliogen Blue K7090 and Sudan Blue 670, (3) Fanal pink D4830 and Basonyl red 560, (4) Fanal pink D4830 and Hostaperm pink EB, (5) Lithol Scarlet D3700 and Sudan red 380, (6) Lithol Scarlet D3700 and Paliogen red L3870HD, (7) Heliogen Blue K7090 and Thermoplast blue 684 and (8) Heliogen Blue K7090 and Paliogen Blue L6482.
- 15. The composition of claim 10, wherein said at least one metal-free pigment or dye is present in an amount of less than 25% by weight relative to said at least one pigment or dye containing metal.
- 16. A method of forming a toner composition comprising a predetermined content of a regulated material, comprising:
- (a) determining a first target percentage of at least one pigment containing regulated material in a toner composition according to a prescribed level of regulated material content in said toner;
- (b) determining a second target percentage of at least one pigment without regulated material in said toner according to a total percentage of pigment required to provide sufficient coloration without allowing a percentage of said at least one pigment containing regulated material to exceed said first target percentage; and
- (c) dispersing said pigments together in a toner composition.
- 17. The method of claim 16, wherein said first target percentage of at least one pigment comprising regulated material is determined by the relationship (1):
- X=S.sub.1 /100M (1)
- wherein X is said first target percentage of at least one pigment containing regulated material in the toner; S.sub.1 is the maximum parts per million (ppm) of regulated material permitted by a hazardous waste standard; and M is a regulated material content percentage of the at least one pigment containing regulated material.
- 18. The method of claim 17, wherein said second target percentage of said at least one pigment without regulated material is determined by the relationship (2):
- Y=(S.sub.2 -X)K (2)
- wherein S.sub.2 is a percentage of pigment required in the toner composition to provide coloration as established by a color requirement, Y is a percentage of said at least one pigment without regulated material required to be added to the toner components to meet the requirement S.sub.2, and K is the ratio of the color strength of the at least one pigment containing regulated material to the color strength of the at least one pigment without regulated material.
- 19. The method according to claim 16, wherein said at least one pigment comprising regulated material comprises a metal, toxic or otherwise hazardous substance and said pigment without regulated material does not comprise metal, toxic or other hazardous substance.
Parent Case Info
This is a Continuation-in-Part of application No. 08/262,170, filed Jun. 20, 1994, now abandoned.
US Referenced Citations (16)
Continuation in Parts (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
262170 |
Jun 1994 |
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