Patent Application
20130306293
Exemplary embodiments of this invention generally relate to thermal management of electronics and, more particularly, to thermal management of electronics in space applications.
Operation of electronic components causes generation of heat that must be dissipated by some type of thermal management system. Without such a system, overheating may affect the performance or even cause failure of the electronic components. The most common forms of heat transfer include conduction, convection, and radiation. However, when an electronic component is located in a vacuum and no air is present, such as in space for example, only radiative heat transfer can occur.
Conventional thermal management systems have used adjacent radiator panels to transfer heat within a vacuum. To effectively transfer heat through radiation, adjacent radiator panels must be closely positioned so that the heat emitted by a first radiator panel is absorbed by a second radiator panel. Radiator panels were previously manufactured by machining a solid piece of metal to a desired shape. Such methods are expensive and result in excessive material waste. In addition, the tolerances of the radiator panels manufactured using such methods are limited by the machinery used. Consequently, the spacing between adjacent radiator panels is larger than desired in some applications.
According to one embodiment of the invention, a thermal management system for use in a vacuum is provided including a heat generation device and a heat dissipation device. An extruded first heat transfer panel is mounted to a surface of the heat generation device and an extruded second heat transfer panel is mounted to a surface of the heat dissipation device. The first and second heat transfer panels are positioned between the heat generation device and the heat dissipation device. A portion of the first heat transfer panel and a portion of the second heat transfer panel are interposed.
According to an alternate embodiment of the invention, a method of forming a thermal management system for use in a vacuum is provided including creating an extrusion die having a first cut shape and a second cut shape. A material is extruded to form a first heat transfer panel and a second heat transfer panel. The first heat transfer panel is mounted to a surface of a heat generation device and the second heat transfer panel is mounted to a surface of a heat dissipation device. A portion of the first heat transfer panel and a portion of the second heat transfer panel are interposed.
The subject matter, which is regarded as the invention, is particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed in the claims at the conclusion of the specification. The foregoing and other features, and advantages of the invention are apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
The detailed description explains embodiments of the invention, together with advantages and features, by way of example with reference to the drawings.
Referring now to
The surface 122 of the temperature control system 120 may be generally the same size, or alternately may be a different size as the surface 112 of the electronic box 110.
Positioned between the temperature control system 120 and the electronic box 110 is a thermal radiation system 130. In one embodiment, the thermal radiation system 130 includes a first radiator panel 132 and a second adjacent radiator panel 142. The first radiator panel 132 includes a first base 134 and a plurality of uniform first fins 136 that extend generally perpendicularly from the first base 134. Similarly, the second radiator panel 142 includes a second base 144 and a plurality of uniform second fins 146 that extend generally perpendicular from the second base 144. To improve the efficiency of the thermal management system 100, the first base 134 and the second base 144 may be made from materials that maximize thermal conductivity, such as aluminum for example. In one embodiment, the first base 134 of the first radiator panel 132 is generally the same size as surface 112 of the electronic box 110 and the second base 144 of the second radiator panel 142 is generally the same size as surface 122 of the temperature control system 120. In an alternate embodiment, the first base 134 and the second base 144 may be larger or smaller than surfaces 112 and 122 respectively. The first base 134 is mounted to the surface 112 of the electronic box 110 with a first connector 114. In one embodiment, if electrical components are stored within only a portion of the electronic box 110, the first base 132 may be mounted to the portion of surface 112 adjacent the electronic components. The second base 144 is mounted to the surface 122 of the temperature control system 120 with a second connector 124. In one embodiment, the second base 144 is mounted to the portion of surface 122 generally opposite the first radiator panel 132. Exemplary connectors 114 and 124 used to attach the first and second radiator panels 132, 142 to surfaces 112 and 122 respectively may include fasteners, brazes, adhesive, or any other means known to a person skilled in the art.
In the illustrated configuration, the first fins 136 extend from the electronic box 110 in the direction of the temperature control system 120 and the second fins 146 extend from the temperature control system 120 in the direction of the electronic box 110, adjacent the plurality of first fins 136. In one embodiment, the first radiator panel 132 and the second radiator panel 142 are mounted such that the plurality of first fins 136 and second fins 146 are interposed or alternating. In other words, a second fin 146 is positioned between adjacent first fins 136 and a first fin 136 is positioned between adjacent second fins 146. In one embodiment, the first radiator panel 132 and the second radiator panel 142 are identical, and the spacing between adjacent fins 136, 146 is uniform along the length of the first and second radiator panels 132, 142. The distance of the spacing between adjacent fins will vary depending on the application of the thermal management system 100.
By mounting the first radiator panel 132 to the electronic box 110, heat generated within the electronic box 110 will conduct through the first connector 114 to the base 134 and fins 136 of the first radiator panel. The heat is emitted as electromagnetic radiation from the surface of the first radiator panel 132 to the surrounding area. The fins 146 of the second radiator panel 142, positioned between the fins 136 of the first radiator panel 132, absorb the radiant energy released by the first radiator panel 132. The energy absorbed by the fins 146 conducts through the second radiator panel 142 and the connector 124 to the temperature control system 120 where the heat is dissipated. This transfer of heat to the temperature control system 120 allows the second fins 146 to continually absorb the energy radiated by the fins 136 of the first radiator panel 132, thereby cooling the electronics box 110. Alternately, if the electronic box 110 must stay above a minimum temperature, the thermal management system 100 may be used to transfer heat to the electronic box 110. Heat generated by the temperature control system 120 will conduct through connector 124 to the base 144 and fins 146 of the second radiator panel 142. The adjacent fins 136 of the first radiator panel 132 will absorb that heat radiating from the second radiator panel 142. This heat will conduct through the first radiator panel 132 and connector 114 to the electronic box 110.
Referring now to
Referring now to
By extruding the first radiator panel 132 and the second radiator panel 142, the minimum spacing required between adjacent fins for manufacturing is reduced. In addition, the efficiency of the manufacturing process is improved because both the first radiator panel 132 and the second radiator panel 142 may be manufactured at the same time from a single piece of material.
While the invention has been described in detail in connection with only a limited number of embodiments, it should be readily understood that the invention is not limited to such disclosed embodiments. Rather, the invention can be modified to incorporate any number of variations, alterations, substitutions or equivalent arrangements not heretofore described, but which are commensurate with the spirit and scope of the invention. Additionally, while various embodiments of the invention have been described, it is to be understood that aspects of the invention may include only some of the described embodiments. Accordingly, the invention is not to be seen as limited by the foregoing description, but is only limited by the scope of the appended claims.
