The present application is based on and claims the benefit of priority from the prior Japanese Patent Application Nos. 2022-130857 and 2022-130858, both filed on Aug. 19, 2022, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference herein.
The disclosure relates to a filter-press filter-cloth damage detection device configured to detect which filter cloth is damaged from discharged filtrate in a filter press including a plurality of filtration chambers located side by side.
In a conventional filter press, the filtrate produced by solid-liquid separation operation of a filter cloth in each filtration chamber is discharged to an external filtrate tank or the like via a common discharge path provided at an outer portion of each filter plate. Hence, in the case in which a filter cloth is damaged, and a filtrate containing a large amount of suspended matter flows out, the operation is stopped to visually determine the filter cloth of each filtration chamber because which filter cloth is damaged among a large number of filter cloths is unclear. Since it is difficult in the above method to determine which position a damaged filter cloth is located at, it takes long time to make the determination.
If the operation continues without noticing damage of a filter cloth, a sufficient pressure cannot be kept in the filtration chamber having the damaged filter cloth. The pressure applied to the filtration chambers of the entire filter press is imbalanced, which makes it impossible to perform a sufficient dehydration. Since a filtrate containing a large amount of suspended matter is discharged to the outside, the load on the environment increases. In addition, a filtrate containing a large amount of suspended matter from the filtration floor surface concentrates into a communication hole and flows into a discharge path at a high dynamic pressure (a high speed). In particular, particles having high hardness in the suspended matter wear the communication hole and the discharge path, which will require parts replacement.
Japanese Utility Model Registration Application Publication No. 58-116005 discloses a filter-press filter-cloth damage detection device in which a filtration discharge pipe communicating with each filtration chamber is branched at its lower portion into two branch pipes, and a three-way valve is provided at the branch. In
Japanese Patent No. 5582359 discloses a filter-press filter-cloth damage detection device in which a remote detection device including a transmissive optical sensor is provided on a side of a row of filter plates, and when a filter cloth is damaged, a detection rod protrudes in the direction of the side of the filter plate and blocks a projected light beam of the optical sensor, activating an alarm device.
The technique illustrated in FIG. 1 of Japanese Utility Model Registration Application Publication No. 58-116005 requires a turbidity meter for each filtration chamber, and thus it is expensive and has a high risk of failure and malfunction. The technique illustrated in FIG. 3 of Japanese Utility Model Registration Application Publication No. 58-116005 requires only one turbidity meter, but it requires switching of the filtrate discharged from each filtration chamber by using the three-way valves and requires individual checking each time. Hence, it takes time and efforts to determine which filter cloth is damaged.
The technique disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 5582359 requires a detection rod configured to protrude from each filter plate when the filter cloth is damaged, and thus it is expensive and has a high risk of failure and malfunction. In addition, to determine which filter cloth is damaged, the filter plate whose detection rod protruded needs to be visually checked.
The disclosure is directed to a filter-press filter-cloth damage detection device capable of detecting damage of a filter cloth with high accuracy during operation of a filter press and determining which one of the filtration chambers located side by side the damaged filter cloth belongs to by using one measuring instrument.
A filter-press filter-cloth damage detection device for a filter press in accordance with some embodiments includes a detection path and a detection device. In the filter press, a filtrate produced by solid-liquid separation operation of a filter cloth nipped between filter plates is discharged into a collection pipe via a filtrate passage of each of the filter plates. The detection path extends in a straight line. A filtrate discharged from each of filtration chambers formed between adjacent filter plates is collected to the detection path. The detection device is configured to transmit, from an end portion of the detection path, an irradiation wave or a pulse that reflects on an interface between a clear filtrate and a filtrate with a prescribed turbidity, convert a propagation time from the transmission until reception of a reflected wave into a distance, and output the distance.
With the above configuration, it is possible to detect damage of a filter cloth with high accuracy and easily determine which filter cloth is damaged.
Each of the filter plates may have a discharge port, and the detection path may be a collection pipe defined by the discharge ports connected to one another in an arrangement direction of the filter plates with the filter plates being closed, and the detection device may be configured to transmit the irradiation wave and provided at an upstream end of the detection path which is on an upstream side of the filtrate flowing down the detection path. Or the detection path may be a collection pipe provided beside the filter plates separately from the filter plates, and the detection device may be configured to transmit the irradiation wave and provided at an upstream end of the detection path which is on an upstream side of the filtrate flowing down the detection path.
With the above configuration, an existing apparatus can be easily modified, and it is possible to detect the distance accurately even if a polluted water flows downstream.
The detection path may communicate with a portion of the filtrate passage of each of the filter plates with the filter plates being closed.
With the above configuration, it is possible to accurately detect the position at which the concentration of filtrate is high by using the irradiation wave transmitted to a direction orthogonal to the flow-down direction of filtrate.
The detection device may be configured to transmit the irradiation wave such that the irradiation wave passes at a position closer to a connection portion between the detection path and each filtrate passage than a center of the detection path. Or the filter-press filter-cloth damage detection device may further include a flow-down prevention plate located on an upstream side of a connection portion between the detection path and each filtrate passage in the detection path, the flow-down prevention plate allowing the irradiation wave to pass therethrough. Or the filter-press filter-cloth damage detection device may further include a flow-down guide pipe at a connection portion between the detection path and each filtrate passage in the detection path, wherein the flow-down guide pipe may be a T-shaped pipe having first and second openings facing an upstream direction and a downstream direction of the collection pipe, respectively, and the detection device may be configured to transmit the irradiation wave such that the irradiation wave passes through the first and second openings.
With the above configuration, it is possible to detect a filtrate with a high concentration in the collection pipe.
The detection device may include: a main body located at the end portion of the detection path; and a probe extending in the detection path from the main body, and the main body may be configured to transmit the pulse into the probe.
With the above configuration, it is possible to detect damage of a filter cloth with high accuracy and easily determine which filter cloth is damaged.
Each of the filter plates may have a discharge port, and the detection path may be a collection pipe defined by the discharge ports connected to one another in an arrangement direction of the filter plates with the filter plates being closed, and the main body may be provided at an upstream end of the detection path which is on an upstream side of the filtrate flowing down the detection path. Or the detection path may be a collection pipe provided beside the filter plates separately from the filter plates, and the main body may be provided at an upstream end of the detection path which is on an upstream side of the filtrate flowing down the detection path.
With the above configuration, an existing apparatus can be modified easily.
The detection path may communicate with a portion of the filtrate passage of each of the filter plates with the filter plates being closed.
With the above configuration, it is possible to accurately detect the position at which the concentration of filtrate is high by using the pulse transmitted to a direction orthogonal to the flow-down direction of filtrate.
The probe may extend to pass at a position closer to a connection portion between the detection path and each filtrate passage than a center of the detection path. Or the filter-press filter-cloth damage detection device may further include a flow-down guide pipe at a connection portion between the detection path and each filtrate passage in the detection path, wherein the flow-down guide pipe may be a T-shaped pipe having first and second openings facing an upstream direction and a downstream direction of the collection pipe, respectively, and the probe may be arranged to pass through the first and second openings.
With the above configuration, it is possible to detect a filtrate with a high concentration in the collection pipe.
With the above configuration, for example, it is possible to determine which one of the filtration chambers located side by side the damaged filter cloth belongs to by using one measuring instrument. Stopping the filter press for inspection and opening the filter plates for visual checking are not necessary. A cumbersome operation such as switching the filtrate is also not necessary, and thus it is easy to perform detection.
In the following detailed description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the disclosed embodiments. It will be apparent, however, that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are schematically shown in order to simplify the drawings.
Description will be hereinbelow provided for embodiments of the present invention by referring to the drawings. It should be noted that the same or similar parts and components throughout the drawings will be denoted by the same or similar reference signs, and that descriptions for such parts and components will be omitted or simplified. In addition, it should be noted that the drawings are schematic and therefore different from that in reality.
First, a configuration common to filter-press filter-cloth damage detection devices 50, 50A, 50B, and 50C according to first to fourth embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to
The guide rails 4 are supported by the front frame 2 and the rear frame 3 at both end portions. The plurality of filter plates 5 and the plurality of filter cloths 6 are attached to the guide rails 4. The plurality of filter plates 5 are movable in the front-rear direction on the guide rails 4. As illustrated in
The opening-closing device 7 is supported by the rear frame 3 and configured to open and close the filter plates 5, and includes a hydraulic cylinder, an electric cylinder, or the like. The opening-closing device 7 extends and presses the movable head 8 toward the front frame 2 to close the filter plates 5 as illustrated in
After dehydration, the opening-closing device 7 is contracted to open the filter plates 5. The filter plates 5 are opened at the same time and located at prescribed intervals determined by the connection link 11. Then, cakes in the filtration chambers 9 are dropped and discharged to the outside of the apparatus. The filter plates 5 may be opened sequentially one by one.
As illustrated in
As illustrated in
Although the connection portion 19 in the present embodiment is located approximately at the center of the discharge port 14 in the up-down direction, the present invention is not limited to this configuration. For example, the connection portion 19 may be located at a position lower than or higher than the center of the discharge port 14 (for example, at the top of the discharge port 14).
Although the discharge port 14 in the present embodiment is formed at an outer portion of each filter plate 5 on one side, the present invention is not limited to this configuration. For example, a configuration illustrated in
Although the collection pipe 15 (the discharge port 14) in the present embodiment is integrated with the filter plates 5, the present invention is not limited to this configuration. For example, a configuration illustrated in
As described above, in the state in which the filter plates 5 are closed, when untreated liquid OL is supplied through the untreated-liquid supply path 12 and the untreated-liquid passage 13 into between the filter cloths 6 in each filtration chamber 9, untreated liquid OL is subjected to solid liquid separation operation of the filter cloths 6, and the filtrate having passed through the filter cloth 6 flows into the filtrate passage 10 provided at a lower portion of the filtration floor surface 5a. In this operation, if a filter cloth 6 is damaged, solid matter passes through a damaged portion of the filter cloth 6 with filtrate and flows into the filtrate passage 10.
Next, the filter-press filter-cloth damage detection device 50 according to the first embodiment will be described.
The detection device 18 transmits irradiation waves IW into the collection pipe 15, measures the propagation time from the transmission until the detection device 18 receives reflection waves which are irradiation waves IW reflected on a filtrate with the prescribed turbidity, converts the propagation time into a distance, and outputs the distance. The present embodiment employs a laser level meter for the detection device 18, and the detection device 18 located at the rear portion of the collection pipe 15 emits laser light toward the front portion in the collection pipe 15.
In the case of no damage in the filter cloths 6, since the collection pipe 15 is filled with a clear filtrate, the laser light reaches the other end of the collection pipe 15, and the detection device 18 receives light reflected on the discharge pipe 16. In this case, the detection device 18 outputs a distance longer than or equal to the length of the row of filter plates 5.
In contrast, when damage occurs in one of the filter cloths 6, and a filtrate with a high turbidity containing suspended matter from the filtration chamber 9 is discharged into the collection pipe 15, the laser light is reflected on the filtrate with a high turbidity discharged from the connection portion 19 of the corresponding filtrate passage 10 into the collection pipe 15. In this case, the detection device 18 receives the reflection light and outputs the distance to the position at which the filtrate with a high turbidity was discharged. Thus, it becomes instantly clear that there is a high possibility that the filter cloth 6 of the filtration chamber 9 corresponding to the outputted distance is damaged. Thus, it is possible to detect whether a filter cloth 6 is damaged or not with high accuracy and easily determine which filter cloth 6 is damaged. In addition, an existing apparatus can be easily modified, and even if a polluted water flows downstream, it is possible to detect the distance accurately.
In order to detect damage of a filter cloth 6 with high accuracy, the output of the irradiation waves IW transmitted by the detection device 18 may be adjusted in advance in accordance with the type of untreated liquid OL to be subjected to solid liquid separation in the filter press 1 or 1A.
At an irregularity when the detection device 18 outputs a distance shorter than the length of the row of the filter plates 5, an operation panel or the like may issue an alarm. In a possible configuration, the distance from the detection device 18 to each connection portion 19 may be inputted and stored, and the filtration chamber 9 or the filter cloth 6 corresponding to the outputted distance may be outputted to an operation panel or the like, so that the position at which a filtrate with a high turbidity was discharged can be detected in the filtrate discharged from each filtrate passage 10 to the collection pipe 15.
Although the present embodiment employs laser light for the irradiation waves IW, the present invention is not limited to this configuration. Any type of irradiation wave that passes through transparent substances and reflects on the interface between a clear filtrate and a filtrate with a prescribed turbidity (for example, ultrasonic waves, microwaves, and the like) can be used for the irradiation waves IW transmitted by the detection device 18.
The filter-press filter-cloth damage detection device 50a according to modification example 1 of the first embodiment will be described. Description of the components the same as or similar to those of the first embodiment is omitted.
The filter-press filter-cloth damage detection device 50b according to modification example 2 of the first embodiment will be described. Description of the components the same as or similar to those of the first embodiment is omitted.
The filter-press filter-cloth damage detection device 50c according to modification example 3 of the first embodiment will be described. Description of the components the same as or similar to those of the first embodiment is omitted.
The filter-press filter-cloth damage detection device 50A according to the second embodiment will be described.
The filter-press filter-cloth damage detection device 50B according to the third embodiment will be described.
The detection device 18B includes a main body 23 and a probe 24 extending from the main body 23. The main body 23 is fixed to the movable head 8 and is located at one end (the rear portion) of the collection pipe 15 on the upstream side of the filtrate flowing down the collection pipe 15. The probe 24 extends in the collection pipe 15 from the main body 23 (the one end of the collection pipe 15) to near the other end (the front portion) of the collection pipe 15 toward the front frame 2. The detection device 18B is capable of performing detection linearly and longitudinally inside the collection pipe 15 toward the other end (the front portion) of the collection pipe 15. The detection device 18B detects the distance from the main body 23 of the detection device 18B to the position of the interface between a clear filtrate and a filtrate with a prescribed turbidity discharged from each filtration chamber 9 to the collection pipe 15. To be more specific, the detection device 18B causes pulses such as microwave or the like to propagate in the probe 24 from the main body 23, measures the propagation time from the transmission until the main body 23 receives the pulses reflected by the difference in permittivity at the interface between different liquids, converts the propagation time into a distance, and outputs the distance. The present embodiment employs a guide pulse level meter for the detection device 18B.
In the case of no damage in the filter cloths 6, the filtrate discharged from the connection portion 19 of each filtrate passage 10 into the collection pipe 15 has the same quality and does not have a difference in permittivity. Thus, the pulses reflect at the distal-end position of the probe 24 of the detection device 18B.
In contrast, when damage occurs in one of the filter cloths 6, and a filtrate with a high turbidity containing suspended matter from the filtration chamber 9 is discharged into the collection pipe 15, a difference in permittivity occurs at the boundary between a clear filtrate and the filtrate with a high turbidity discharged from the connection portion 19 of the filtrate passage 10 into the collection pipe 15, and part of the pulses propagating in the probe 24 reflects by the difference in permittivity. In this case, the main body 23 of the detection device 18B receives the reflected pulses and outputs the distance to the position at which the filtrate with a high turbidity was discharged. Thus, it becomes instantly clear that there is a high possibility that the filter cloth 6 of the filtration chamber 9 corresponding to the outputted distance is damaged. Thus, it is possible to detect whether a filter cloth 6 is damaged or not with high accuracy and easily determine which filter cloth 6 is damaged. In addition, an existing apparatus can be easily modified, and even if a polluted water flows downstream, it is possible to detect the distance accurately.
As in the first embodiment, in order to detect damage of a filter cloth 6 with high accuracy, the detection sensitivity of the detection device 18B may be adjusted in advance in accordance with the type of untreated liquid OL to be subjected to solid liquid separation in the filter press 1 or 1A.
As in the first embodiment, when the detection device 18B detects an irregularity in the filter cloths 6, an operation panel or the like may issue an alarm. In a possible configuration, as in the first embodiment, the distance from the detection device 18B to each connection portion 19 may be inputted and stored, and the filtration chamber 9 or the filter cloth 6 corresponding to the outputted distance may be outputted to an operation panel or the like, so that the position at which a filtrate with a high turbidity is discharged can be detected in the filtrate discharged from each filtrate passage 10 to the collection pipe 15.
Although the present embodiment employs electromagnetic pulses for the pulses, the present invention is not limited to this configuration. Any type of pulse that is reflected by the difference in permittivity at the boundary between a clear filtrate and a filtrate with a prescribed turbidity can be used for the pulses that the main body 23 of the detection device 18 transmits.
The filter-press filter-cloth damage detection device 50Ba according to modification example 1 of the third embodiment will be described. Description of the components the same as or similar to those of the third embodiment is omitted.
The filter-press filter-cloth damage detection device 50Bb according to modification example 2 of the third embodiment will be described. Description of the components the same as or similar to those of the third embodiment is omitted.
The filter-press filter-cloth damage detection device 50C according to the fourth embodiment will be described.
Note that the probe 24 of the detection device 18B can be selected as necessary, for example, from one in the form of a rod, one in the form of a rope, and the like. When the probe 24 is installed to extend in the detection path 22, the probe 24 may be supported as appropriate within a range that does not interfere with the detection.
In the first to fourth embodiments, detection of filtrate is performed in a pressurized supply process in which untreated liquid OL is supplied to the filtration chambers 9 under a pressure and in a squeezing process in which dehydrated cakes in the filtration chambers 9 are squeezed with diaphragms or the like after the pressurized supply process. When the detection path 17 or 22 is filled with filtrate, the detection device 18 transmits irradiation waves IW, or the main body 23 of the detection device 18B transmits pulses into the probe 24. In the pressurized supply process and the squeezing process, the amount of filtrate decreases over time. Hence, a configuration in which the detection is performed only for a prescribed time after each process starts is possible. Note that the interval between the times when the detection device 18 or 18B transmits irradiation waves IW or pulses is set in advance.
The filter-press filter-cloth damage detection devices 50, 50A, 50B, and 50C according to the first to fourth embodiments are capable of accurate detection by using the reflection of irradiation waves IW due to suspended matter in filtrate or the reflection of pulses due to the difference in permittivity and also capable of determining which one of the filtration chambers 9 arranged in a row the filter cloth 6 from which suspended matter is being discharged belongs to, in other words, the position of the damaged filter cloth 6. Thus, the filter-press filter-cloth damage detection devices 50, 50A, 50B, and 50C are very useful for devices for detecting damage of a filter cloth of a multi-chamber filter press for water supply sludge, sewage sludge, industrial waste water sludge, and the like.
Embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Moreover, the effects described in the embodiments of the present invention are only a list of optimum effects achieved by the present invention. Hence, the effects of the present invention are not limited to those described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2022-130857 | Aug 2022 | JP | national |
2022-130858 | Aug 2022 | JP | national |