Fluid containment structures which generate back-pressure are used in applications such as ink-jet fluid supplies and print cartridges. A back-pressure, i.e. a negative fluid pressure at a fluid outlet, is employed to provide proper system pressures and prevent fluid from drooling from fluid outlets or fluid nozzles. There is a need for backpressure generating mechanisms that are reliable and are cost-effective to produce.
Features and advantages of the disclosure will readily be appreciated by persons skilled in the art from the following detailed description when read in conjunction with the drawing wherein:
In the following detailed description and in the several figures of the drawing, like elements are identified with like reference numerals.
An exemplary embodiment of a fluid containment structure is for a backpressure-generating, free ink based replaceable fluid supply. In an exemplary application, the supply is used to store and supply ink for an inkjet printing system. An exemplary embodiment of a fluid supply 20 is illustrated in
A fluid interconnect (FI) 40-1, 40-2, 40-3, e.g. an open foam/screen, or septum for a needle septum interface system, with a corresponding bubble screen 42-1, 42-2, 42-3, provides fluid communication between the outside of the housing and the respective fluid chambers 24-1, 24-2, 24-3. In one embodiment, the screen is a stainless steel mesh filter with a nominal 40 micron opening size to provide bubble protection. A cover 44 attaches to the vessel body 22 to seal the fluid chambers from each other as well as from the atmosphere.
The bags may be fabricated of a non-elastic bag material. In an exemplary embodiment, the bag material is a single or multilayer film that has good air barrier water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) properties. An exemplary embodiment is a multilayer barrier film consisting of Polyethylene (E)+Ethylene Vinly Alcohol (EVOH)+Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET). An exemplary film thickness is typically in the range of 0.8 mils to 4 mils (0.02 mm to 0.1 mm), in an exemplary embodiment.
In an exemplary embodiment, the bag is an assembly of film parts, forming a pleated bag assembly which in an unfurled, deployed state has a form factor approximating that of the corresponding fluid chamber in which the bag is installed. Heat staking can be employed to join the film pieces together. Based on the geometry of the fluid containment vessel, spring/bag assembly can be designed to maximize the efficiency with respect to the delivered volume.
A coil spring member 46-1, 46-2, 46-3 is coupled to each bag, so that the spring force of the spring coils the bag into a relatively small roll in a fully collapsed, furled state. Bag 30-1 (
In one exemplary embodiment, the coiled spring is formed from a 0.03 mm thick, ½ inch (12.7 mm) width stainless steel spring stock, that is staked by heat/pressure to the outside of the bag, with an unrolled length of two inches (5.08 cm). The spring dimensions can be varied to address desired pressure ranges or reservoir/bag geometries. The spring may be attached to the bag in an uncoiled state; when the spring is released, the bag and spring coil up in an furled condition. In another embodiment, the spring is placed inside the bag, effectively winding the spring and bag simultaneously while preventing the ink from coming into contact with the spring. This allows selection of a spring material without consideration of any effect of ink or other fluid on the spring material. Other suitable spring materials include, for example and without limitation, Aluminum, Titanium, thermoplastic elastomers (TPE), and rubber. In either case, the spring and bag coil after assembly, and are then assembled into the fluid chamber of the supply. Other techniques for coupling the spring to the bag include coating the spring with PE/PP (Polyethylene/Polypropylene), and heat staking the coated spring to the bag. This alternate technique protects the bag from sharp spring edges. Another assembly technique is to place the spring in the bag with a through hole in the spring through which the two sides of the bag could be staked together, or, with the spring outside the bag, wrapping the end of the bag around the end of the spring and staked to itself through the hole in the spring end. The bag could also be adhesively bonded to the spring. If the correct geometries are used, the spring may not be bonded to the spring at all. This may be of particular relevance to single use products, in which bag wear from the spring is not a significant factor.
The fitment is attached to the vessel wall, base or lid, e.g. by adhesive, by staking, by welding or by press-fitting. For press-fit attachment, the fitment and vessel wall, base or lid are designed with male/female features which have an interference fit such that compressive forces form a hermetic seal. The fitment size can be reduced to maximize fluid volume, and the fitment can be attached to the bag in different orientations from that illustrated in the drawings.
The fluid chambers of the supply 20 are filled with ink, either through the open tops of the chambers before the lid is attached, or through fill ports made in a housing wall or lid. The fill ports can be sealed with a seal element, e.g. a ball, after ink has been filled into the fluid chambers. After fluid filling, a small quantity of ink can be pulled through the FI, creating negative pressure in the sealed fluid chambers, e.g. in one embodiment, on the order of 1–2 inches of water negative pressure. This vacuum forces atmospheric pressure into the bags through the respective vents 33-1, 33-2, 33-3, and the coil begins to unwind, creating the initial back pressure for the supply 20. The tension of the coiled spring maintains a negative pressure throughout the life of the supply.
An alternate technique to create an initial backpressure is to slightly fill or pressurize the inside of the bag with air during ink fill. This initial pressurization can be through the vent, e.g. vent 33-1, and will slightly unwind the spring/bag assembly. After ink fill is completed, the applied vent pressure can be released, allowing spring tension to maintain backpressure with the ink reservoir.
Consider the case in which the fluid supply 20 is used as an ink supply for a printer, and the fluid is liquid ink. With the supply 20 connected to a printer, and a fluid path created between the supply and a printhead such as an inkjet printhead, as ink is consumed by printhead operation, the negative pressure inside the supply fluid chamber increases until the pressure on the bag overcomes the spring force tending to coil the bag. When this occurs, atmospheric pressure acting through the vent (e.g. vent 33-1) into the bag causes the coiled bag/spring assembly (e.g., comprising bag 30-1 and spring 46-1) to begin to unwind, maintaining the initial backpressure for the supply. Fractional volume from the bag is released, air enters this fractional volume through the vent 33-1, and the back pressure drops to a lower level. Thus, volume is exchanged between the extracted fluid and the expanding, unfurling bag. The tension of the coiled spring maintains a negative pressure. This process repeats throughout the life of the supply to keep the backpressure within an acceptable range until the bag volume is maximized. As the supply fluid drains, the un-coiled bag assembly consumes nearly all the emptied volume of the fluid chamber. At both the beginning and end of life the supply is robust during altitude or temperature excursions because of the minimal volume of air inside the fluid chambers of the supply. In an exemplary embodiment, the supply can tolerate use in high altitudes, e.g. fourteen thousand feet in elevation.
In an exemplary embodiment, the supply does not employ a bubble generator, or a capillary material such as foam. With the bag optimized to fit the fluid generator volume in an unfurled condition, the volume of stranded ink at the end of life can be reduced, e.g. in one embodiment the stranded ink is at or less than 9% of the fluid chamber volume.
The coil spring back pressure generator structure can be used in other applications. For example,
To maintain negative pressure within the fluid chamber and thus prevent ink drooling from the nozzles during ordinary use, a backpressure generating structure 110 is used. The structure 110 includes an inflatable bag 112 and a coil spring 114, attached to a fitment structure 116. In this exemplary embodiment, the fitment is press-fitted to the lid 104, although other attachment techniques can alternatively be employed, as with the fitment 32-1, 32-2, 32-3 as described above. The bag 112 is sealed with respect to the fluid chamber, and communicates with the external atmosphere through a vent 118 formed through the lid 104 and the fitment 116. In some embodiments, the bag and spring may be attached directly to the lid structure without a separate fitment structure.
Ink or other operating fluid can be dispensed into the fluid chamber through the open top of the fluid chamber, or preferably after the lid and backpressure generating structure have been assembled and sealed to the body structure, through a fill port (not shown in
The backpressure generating structure 110 operates in an similar fashion to that described above with respect to the embodiments of
Although the foregoing has been a description and illustration of specific embodiments of the invention, various modifications and changes thereto can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as defined by the following claims.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
5368802 | Wanha | Nov 1994 | A |
5409134 | Cowger et al. | Apr 1995 | A |
5541632 | Khodapanah et al. | Jul 1996 | A |
5871784 | Assink et al. | Feb 1999 | A |
5975686 | Hauck et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
6499838 | Seccombe et al. | Dec 2002 | B2 |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20050237367 A1 | Oct 2005 | US |