Patent Application
20130015379
The present invention relates to a fluid-operated actuating drive on a valve, especially a shutoff, safety or regulating valve.
In practice, various valve actuating drives are known and in use. Besides widely employed electrical valve actuating drives, these also include in particular fluid-operated valve actuating drives (see, for example, EP 0665373 B1, EP 1418343 B1, EP 1593893 B1 and EP 2101061 A1). Such fluid-operated valve actuating drives may then comprise in particular, besides a hydraulically or pneumatically urged linear actuator, whose slide may be coupled directly or possibly via a mechanical converter with the input of the valve, a base unit provided with the control valves and/or other fluidic control means.
DE 9406760 U1 discloses a drive unit for valve, especially in shipbuilding. Therein there is provided a housing, which encloses an electric motor, a pump driven thereby, control elements and a hydraulic reservoir. The housing is connected to a swiveling drive, which comprises a piston with toothed rack and a shaft.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,647,003 A discloses an actuating device for the valve of a shutoff valve. The actuating device comprises a housing with a shaft mounted to rotate therein, capable of being coupled with the rotary shaft of the valve and having an associated pinion, with which the toothed rack meshes with at least one linear actuator constructed as a pneumatic cylinder. Depending on need, one or two pneumatic cylinders may be mounted on the housing. To supply the actuating device with compressed air, corresponding ports, to which the associated lines may be connected, are provided on the housing and the cylinders of the linear actuators.
The object of the present invention is to provide a fluid-operated valve actuating drive, which is characterized by particular practical utility, in that namely it inherently combines characteristics particularly relevant for a broad user community, such as high reliability and long useful life, low maintenance expense and high user convenience, high power density and low manufacturing and operating costs.
In this sense, the inventive fluid-operated valve actuating drive is characterized in particular by the fact that it comprises two linear actuators disposed opposite one another and one mechanical converter, which is disposed between them, which couples their slides with one another and the output of which is coupled with the inlet of the valve. This vavle actuating drive is constructed modularly as a fluidic drive system comprising individual components in the form of the base unit, joined together as a functional unit, the two linear actuators and the mechanical converter. In particular, there is provided in this way a particularly compact and efficient fluidic drive system on a valve, which system may be constructed as a closed system provided with only one electrical input and one mechanical take-off means acting on the inlet of the valve, and in this way is maintenance and user friendly to a degree known heretofore only for electrical valve drives.
The joining together of the said components as the compact, closed fluidic drive system may be accomplished in particular by the fact that the two linear actuators are flanged onto the mechanical converter, which in turn is connected via a flanged joint to the base unit (or if necessary to an emergency actuation block connected in turn to the base unit). This ensures that—according to a further aspect essential for the present invention—all fluid connections between the base unit and the actuators and if necessary the mechanical converter are routed inside the components in question, so that no kind of exposed fluid lines exist. These said fluid connections may be equipped, specifically in the region of the separating planes through which they pass between the said components, with self-closing shutoffs, which prevent the emergence of fluid or the unintended penetration of contaminants along the separating planes, especially when individual components are demounted for the purpose of maintenance. Filter elements (for example in the form of filter pots) may be provided in the region of these shutoffs, especially integrated therein or respectively joined thereto as a structural unit. All technical viewpoints mentioned in the foregoing and structurally improving the inventive valve actuating drive prove to be particularly advantageous in hydraulic valve actuating drives according to the present invention. They act in particular to the effect that, from the viewpoint of the user of the fluid-operated valve actuating drive, they may be regarded as completely equivalent to the electrical valve actuating drives in terms of maintenance and upkeep, while at the same time preserving the specific advantages of fluid-operated versus electrical valve actuating drives, namely the high power density and particular compactness as well as reliability and simple implementation of highly dynamic safety functions if necessary, even for explosion protection, the latter feature in particular being due to the capability of storing fluidic energy.
Within the scope of the present invention, the pressurized-fluid supply is organized decentrally, in other words is allocated only to a respective individual valve actuating drive, by the fact that the base unit of the inventive fluid-operated valve actuating drive comprises a pressurized-fluid supply unit. In the case of a hydraulically operated valve actuating drive according to the present invention, such a pressurized-fluid supply unit particularly preferably comprises a hydraulic assembly fed from a tank and equipped with a pump driven by an electric motor. In contrast, in a pneumatically operated valve actuating drive according to the present invention, the said pressurized-fluid supply unit preferably comprises a pneumatic pump driven by an electric motor and aspirating ambient medium—preferably via a filter system. If the inventive fluid-operated valve actuating drive is constructed in the foregoing sense as a hydraulic actuating drive, it may be provided, according to yet another preferred improvement, with a filling port suitable for the first filling of the fluid system with hydraulic fluid from a cartridge, especially a port disposed on the base unit. This enables the user to place a hydraulically operating valve actuating drive according to the present invention in service without coming into contact in any way with hydraulic fluid. This in turn favors the use of hydraulically operated valve actuating drives, which as regards their operating behavior are superior to electrical valve actuating drives (see hereinabove), even in applications in which special value is placed by the user on cleanness and a minimum risk of coming into contact with hydraulic fluid.
In application of the present invention, in contrast to what was possible heretofore with fluidic valve drives, the possibility now exists of a valve drive that is completely ready to operate, so that it can be placed in service without problems by the respective user or operator, specifically at low startup costs that heretofore were unattainable for fluidic valve actuating drives of comparable performance. In this respect the modular or building-block principle implemented in application of the present invention plays a considerable role, which permits the provision of individualized valve actuating drives specifically adapted to the respective requirement at extremely competitive costs, in which connection not only the converter and the two linear actuators may be individually varied in their dimensions but instead the possibility exists, as explained in more detail hereinafter, of combining functionally different linear actuators and mechanical converters with one another in any desired manner. Thus the said mechanical converter may convert the linear motion of the slides of the two linear actuators into a rotary motion, namely when the valve is provided with a turntable blocking element, whose position is variable by means of the valve actuating drive. In contrast, for a different application with the same linear actuators, a mechanical converter may be combined with a linear take-off means as a functional unit. Analogous possibilities exist for the two linear actuators. In particular, depending on the respective application, pneumatic or hydraulic linear actuators may be built in, in which case different embodiments may again be employed within the two groups, such as, in the pneumatic functioning principle, for example, traditional pneumatic actuators, spring actuators with control-air filling, spring actuators with pneumatic preloading or fluid accumulators.
An electrofluidic signal transducer, which in particular is disposed upstream from the base unit and may have a proportional output response, may cooperate with the fluidic control system typically provided in valve actuating drives of the type in question here. Furthermore, an external electrical regulating unit, which may comprise input means, a setpoint input, a regulating electronic unit, a communication unit, a signal output and/or a signal generator, may also be connected to a signal input in communication with the this electrofluidic signal transducer. In the sense of a closed regulation circuit, the actual-value signal of a measuring sensor associated with the valve may then be fed back to the electrical regulating unit.
According to a preferred improvement of the invention, it is provided that at least one of the two linear actuators, especially both linear actuators, is/are constructed as actuators urged by fluid on both sides, wherein both working chambers are constantly connected to a pressurized-fluid supply. This is of particular advantage in pneumatic systems. If both working chambers of the at least one linear actuator urged by fluid on both sides are connected in this sense directly to the pressurized-fluid supply or are urged thereby, and for positioning purposes, in other words to vary the position of the slide of the linear actuator in question, one of the two working chambers is selectively vented, the slide of the linear actuator in question is clamped with maximum stiffness in every operating situation, thus permitting particularly good regulation capability. Furthermore, it may be ensured with such a construction that ambient air is never aspirated into the linear actuator in question, whereby the penetration of contaminants into the system is ruled out and the useful life is prolonged. A further advantage of this improvement consists in the inexpensive structure, which can also be mastered very simply, by the fact that the at least one double-acting linear actuator, particularly preferably both double-acting linear actuators, may be regulated with a single electrofluidic signal transducer. Once again, all of the said advantages are of particular practical relevance, especially for pneumatic inventive valve actuating drives. In the sense of high safety against failure of the system, merely one of the possibilities is that, as already mentioned hereinabove, of storing fluid energy in a pressure accumulator (especially externally mounted), in order that the valve can still be brought at least to a predetermined safety position in the event of failure of the pressurized-fluid supply. Alternatively, it is also possible if necessary to integrate a mechanical energy-storing spring in at least one of the two linear actuators (or if necessary, especially by flanging a spring module onto the linear actuator in question, in a subassembly comprising the linear actuator in question). Particularly preferably, such a mechanical energy-storing spring is preloaded by fluidic pressure and interlocked in the preloaded position, so that it does not constantly urge the slide of the linear actuator in question in the sense that work would have to be done continuously against the force of the mechanical energy-storing spring. In this case the mechanical energy-storing spring urges the slide of the associated linear actuator only after actuation of an interlock release, by means of which a blockade holding the energy-storing spring is cancelled. Such a mechanical energy-storing spring, which is held in blocking condition during normal operation and is released only in an emergency by cancelation of the blockade, combines the advantages of high reliability of the valve actuating drive with further viewpoints, such as economy, compactness and actuation dynamics.
Further advantageous improvements of the present invention are specified in the dependent claims or will become apparent from the explanation hereinafter of preferred exemplary embodiments of the present invention.
Herein
Fluid-operated, namely hydraulic actuating drive 1, illustrated in
A port 16 for an external hydraulic accumulator 17 (see
Mechanical converter 5 comprises a housing constructed as converter block 20, which can be flanged directly onto the valve to be actuated, for which purpose converter block 20 is provided on its underside with threaded bores 21 for fastening screws. Furthermore, mechanical take-off means 23 of the valve actuating drive, which acts on the shaft of the valve, is located on the underside of the converter block. In the present exemplary embodiment, this comprises a square socket 22. Alternative embodiments of the take-off means for transmitting the necessary torque reliably to the input of the valve are known and in use in practice, for example a shaft connection by means of feather key. Inside mechanical converter 5, the linear motion of slides 81 of the two linear actuators 6 and 7, disposed opposite one another and flanged onto mechanical converter 5, are converted into a rotary motion of take-off means 23. This is achieved by the fact that a toothed rack 26, which can be displaced linearly parallel to pistons 24 and 25 belonging to linear actuators 6 and 7 and forming slides 81, meshes with a pinion 27, which is joined to rotate with mechanical take-off means 23. This toothed rack 26 is part of a slide 72, which further is provided with two cylindrical thrust and guide pieces 73, which are joined rigidly at a respective end to the toothed rack, are guided in a respective associated guide bush 74 and act at the end faces on pistons 24 and 25 bearing on them and belonging respectively to linear actuators 6 and 7.
An inspection box 30 covered by a viewing window 29 provided with a viewing dome 28 is mounted on converter block 20 on its upper side. Inside the inspection box, an optical position indicator 31, connected to turn with take-off means 23, is disposed with a position pointer 32, which projects into viewing dome 28 and thus can be read from all sides. Further disposed underneath the optical position indicator is an angle transmitter 33, whose signal is fed back to the electronic control system, as well as two sensors 34 for end-position sampling, likewise connected to the control system, wherein the two end positions may be defined by pins 35, which can be inserted in a template 36 of a disk 37 joined to turn with take-off means 23.
Linear actuator 6 comprises a cylinder 38, in which piston 24 is guided sealingly; analogously, linear actuator 7 comprises a cylinder 39, in which piston 25 is guided sealingly. Both cylinders 38 and 39 are closed at their end faces by a respective cover 40, which together with the respective associated cylinder and the respective piston 24 or 25 guided therein defines a hydraulic working chamber 41, into which an associated hydraulic line 42 discharges. Each of the two linear actuators is equipped with hydraulic end-position damping. For this purpose, a respective disk 43 with a central bore 44 and overflow ducts 45 is located inside respective working chamber 41 close to associated cover 40. On the end face of the respective piston 24 or 25 there is disposed a stud 46 which, when the piston approaches disk 43, slides with slight clearance (annular gap) into bore 44, whereby further displacement of hydraulic fluid from working chamber 41 is forced in throttled manner via connecting space 47 into hydraulic line 42, thus damping the further motion of the piston in this way. Disks 43 represent supplementary stops for the pistons, for which purpose their respective exact position inside associated working chamber 41 can be set by means of adjusting screw 48 valve actuating drive 1 is constructed modularly from the individual components, joined together to a functional unit as explained in the foregoing, in the form of base unit 2 together with integrated pressurized-fluid supply unit 3, from emergency actuation block 4, from mechanical converter 5 and from the two linear actuators 6 and 7. For this purpose the said individual components are joined to one another via flange faces respectively associated with one another in pairs. In this situation all the fluid connections placing base unit 2 together with integrated pressurized-fluid supply unit 3, emergency actuation block 4 and linear actuators 6 and 7 in communication with one another are routed as hydraulic lines inside the components in question, wherein the hydraulic connection of the two linear actuators 6 and 7 to emergency actuation block 4 takes place via hydraulic lines routed through converter block 20. In this way it is obvious that no kind of exposed fluid lines exist. And there is obtained a valve actuating drive in the form of a compact, closed fluidic drive system provided with one electrical input and one mechanical take-off means acting on the input of the valve.
The said fluid connections placing the individual components hydraulically in communication with one another are equipped in the region of the separating planes through which they pass between the individual components with self-closing shutoffs 49. These open only upon complete mounting of the two respective components in question and conversely close automatically if the components in question are separated during dismantling of the valve actuating drive. Thus the illustrated mechanical converter is provided on the respective faces containing ports for linear actuators 6 and 7 with three transfer points for hydraulic fluid equipped with shutoffs 49, namely for working pressure, tank and accumulator respectively, wherein the accumulator port becomes functionally involved only when a subassembly (see hereinafter) comprising a linear actuator with a structurally associated hydraulic accumulator is used in the individual configuration of the valve actuating drive. And on the face containing ports for emergency actuation block 4, the illustrated mechanical converter 5 is provided with four transfer points for hydraulic fluid equipped with shutoffs 49, namely two for the working pressure of the two linear actuators and one each for tank and accumulator. Respective filter elements 82 in the form of filters received in a pot 83 are associated structurally with the shutoffs.
The valve actuating drive is prepared for first filling of the fluid system with hydraulic fluid from (at least) one cartridge. For this purpose, a filling port 50 is provided on emergency actuation block 4. Part of this filling port is (see
Instead of external hydraulic accumulator 17 described hereinabove, or possibly as a supplement thereto, at least one hydraulic accumulator integrated structurally in one of the two linear actuators 6 and 7 may be provided. An analogous possibility applies for the combination of linear actuator and hydraulic accumulator as one structural unit, in other words a subassembly. Such a possibility is illustrated in
During emergency actuation of the valve actuating drive, the hydraulic fluid confined in accumulator chamber 62 is switched to one of the two linear actuators 6 or 7 via corresponding actuation of the valves of emergency actuation block 4, specifically depending on whether the valve is to be opened or else closed for the safety position. Otherwise the situation is analogous for the use of external hydraulic accumulator 17 described hereinabove. By the fact that neither a mechanical energy-storing spring constantly urges slide 72 of mechanical converter 5 nor accumulator chamber 62 constantly urges a hydraulic working chamber 41 of one of linear actuators 6 or 7 respectively, but does so only after actuation—achieved here by the valves of emergency actuation block 4—of an interlock release, by means of which a blockade—in this case hydraulic—holding energy-storing springs 59 is cancelled, the entire power of the linear actuators is available in normal operation for positioning the valve. Accordingly, the linear actuators may be of relatively small construction, thus enabling particularly compact embodiments of the valve actuating drive. By equipping the valve actuating drive with one hydraulic accumulator module 54 on one of the two linear actuators, with two hydraulic accumulator modules 54 on both linear actuators and/or with one external hydraulic accumulator as desired and to satisfy needs, it is obviously possible to adapt the valve actuating drive flexibly to the respective requirements and also to the respective space limitations.
Otherwise one of the linear actuators may be constructed as a pure spring actuator 70 which, as illustrated in
Obviously the two linear actuators on mechanical converter 5 may be combined functionally as desired and the converter may accommodate, at each of its two port positions, a fluidic actuator, a mechanically coupled spring actuator, a mechanically decoupled spring actuator with fluidic actuation or a mechanically decoupled spring actuator with fluidic actuation as well as an additionally mechanically coupled fluidic actuator independent thereof, in which case the fluidic control is handled in all cases by the base unit.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 2010 007 137.4 | Feb 2010 | DE | national |
The present application is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/EP2011/000527 filed on Feb. 4, 2011, which claims priority to DE 10 2010 007 137.4 filed on Feb. 5, 2010, the contents of each of which are incorporated herein by reference.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/EP2011/000527 | Feb 2011 | US |
| Child | 13566604 | US |
