Patent Application
20230130328
This application claims the benefit of priority to Korean Patent Application No. 2020-0094310 filed on Jul. 29, 2020, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
The present invention relates to a gas detection apparatus for cell module assemblies capable of accurately and rapidly detecting a cell having a damaged pouch of a battery cell module assembly and a damaged position of the cell and a gas detection method for cell module assemblies using the same.
Secondary batteries, which have high applicability and electrical properties, such as high energy density, have generally been used in electric vehicles (EV) or hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), each of which is driven using an electrical driving source, as well as portable devices. Such secondary batteries have attracted attention as a new energy source capable of increasing environmental friendliness and energy efficiency, since no by-products are generated as the result of use of energy in addition to a primary advantage in that it is possible to remarkably reduce the use of fossil fuels.
There are a lithium ion battery, a lithium polymer battery, a nickel-cadmium battery, a nickel-hydride battery, and a nickel-zinc battery as secondary batteries that are widely used at present. The operating voltage of a unit secondary battery cell, i.e. a unit battery cell, is about 2.5V to 4.2V. In the case in which output voltage higher than the above operating voltage is required, therefore, a plurality of battery cells may be connected to each other in series to constitute a battery pack. In addition, a plurality of battery cells may be connected to each other in parallel depending on required charge and discharge capacities of a battery pack in order to constitute the battery pack. Consequently, the number of battery cells included in the battery pack may be variously set depending on required output voltage or charge and discharge capacities.
Meanwhile, in the case in which a plurality of battery cells is connected to each other in series/parallel to constitute a battery pack, a battery module including a plurality of battery cells may be manufactured first, and a battery pack may be manufactured using a plurality of battery modules and other components, which is a general method.
Meanwhile, in the case in which a battery cell assembly is constituted by a plurality of battery cells in the battery module, each of the battery cells may be a pouch-shaped lithium polymer secondary battery cell.
In general, the lithium secondary battery is classified as a liquid electrolyte battery or a polymer electrolyte battery based on the kind of an electrolytic solution. A battery using a liquid electrolyte is called a lithium ion battery, and a battery using a polymer electrolyte is called a lithium polymer battery. In addition, various kinds of sheathing members may be used for the lithium secondary battery. Typically, a cylindrical sheathing member, a prismatic sheathing member, and a pouch sheathing member are used. An electrode assembly configured to have a structure in which a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and a separator interposed therebetween are stacked or wound is provided in the sheathing member of the lithium secondary battery.
Conventionally, in a device, such as a vehicle, to which a battery module including a plurality of stacked electrode assemblies is applied, an electrolytic solution leaks from a pouch cell constituting each electrode assembly due to damage to a pouch case thereof caused by external influence during a manufacturing/assembly process thereof, or toxic gases generated due to electrochemical reaction between an electrode, an active material, and an electrolytic solution is introduced into the vehicle.
In the case in which the electrolytic solution leaks from the pouch battery due to damage to or poor airtightness of the case, the product is determined to be defective. For this reason, leakage inspection is performed on a manufacturing process line. In general, inspection is performed using a method of checking a welded portion of a cap plate welded to the case using X-rays or with the naked eye.
However, X-ray inspection is less practicable since a process and equipment are complicated, and visual inspection has low reliability.
In order to solve the above problems, Korean Patent Application Publication No. 2018-0047359 discloses a method of capturing gas inside and outside a cell using a plurality of gas capturing tubes configured to capture gas to determine whether gas in the cell is discharged from the outside, and Korean Patent Application Publication No. 2012-0115835 discloses an apparatus that inspects a sealed state of a secondary battery using a vacuum chamber.
However, these methods, each of which inspects whether a pouch case is defective for a unit cell constituting a battery module, have a disadvantage in that it is difficult to accurately sort a battery cell having defects, such as tear or cracks, from battery cells modularized by stacking in a process of manufacturing a battery cell module assembly.
Therefore, there is a high necessity for technology capable of accurately and rapidly sorting battery cells having defective cases during a battery cell module assembly manufacturing process before delivery of final products.
(Patent Document 1) Korean Patent Application Publication No. 2018-0047359
(Patent Document 2) Korean Patent Application Publication No. 2012-0115835
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a gas detection apparatus for cell module assemblies capable of accurately and rapidly detecting a cell having a damaged case of a battery cell module assembly and the damaged position of the cell having the damaged case. It is another object of the present invention to provide a gas detection method for cell module assemblies using the gas detection apparatus for cell module assemblies.
In order to accomplish the above objects, the present invention provides a gas detection apparatus (10) for cell module assemblies, the gas detection apparatus including a gas detection chamber unit (110) configured to receive a cell module assembly; and a sliding die unit (120) configured to be movable to the lower part of the gas detection chamber unit (110) in the state in which the cell module assembly (100) is disposed at the upper surface thereof, wherein the gas detection apparatus further includes a gas sensor unit (130) provided in the gas detection chamber unit (110), the gas sensor unit including a plurality of gas sensors disposed so as to correspond to positions of cells of the cell module assembly.
The plurality of gas sensors of the gas sensor unit (130) may be provided at an outer wall of the gas detection chamber unit (110) so as to be disposed at the cells constituting the cell module assembly and at predetermined positions of the cells in a state of being spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance.
The gas detection apparatus may further include a pressing unit (150) provided in the gas detection chamber unit, the pressing unit being configured to press the upper part of the cell module assembly.
The gas detection apparatus may further include a gas circulation unit (140) provided in the gas detection chamber unit.
The gas circulation unit (140) may include at least one selected from among an air suction device (141), an air fan (142), and an air blower (143).
The air suction device (141) may include a duct provided so as to extend through a wall of the gas detection chamber unit and a suction pump.
The air fan (142) may be disposed at an upper end wall surface of the gas detection chamber unit and an upper end surface of the cell module assembly received in the gas detection chamber unit.
The air blower (143) may extend through a side wall surface of the gas detection chamber unit (110) so as to be disposed at a predetermined position of the cell module assembly.
The gas detection chamber unit (110) may be moved downwards so as to be physically coupled to the sliding die unit (120) such that the gas detection chamber unit is partially sealed or completely sealed.
The gas detection chamber unit (110) is coupled to a stripper (160) via a coupling member so as to be reciprocated upwards and downwards.
The sliding die unit (120) may include a mounting die (121) and a sliding frame (122).
The present invention provides a gas detection method for cell module assemblies, the gas detection method including (a) transferring a cell module assembly (100) to the lower end of a gas detection chamber unit (110) using a sliding die unit (120); (b) moving the gas detection chamber unit (110) downwards to receive the cell module assembly (100) in the gas detection chamber unit; (c) driving a gas circulation unit (140) to circulate gas in the gas detection chamber unit (110); (d) detecting the gas in the gas detection chamber unit (110) using a gas sensor unit (130); (e) moving the gas detection chamber unit (110) upwards to open the cell module assembly (100) and the sliding die unit (120); and (f) driving the gas circulation unit (140) to purify the gas detection chamber unit (110), wherein a damaged cell of the cell module assembly and the damaged position of the damaged cell are detected by a plurality of gas sensors disposed in the gas sensor unit.
In step (b), the upper part of the cell module assembly (100) may be pressed using a pressing unit (150) provided in the gas detection chamber unit.
In the present invention, additional constructions may be provided through possible combinations of the above constructions.
According to the present invention, it is possible to accurately and rapidly detect a battery cell having a defective pouch, among battery cells constituting a cell module assembly, and the defective position of the battery cell.
In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to sort and replace defective cells in a cell module assembly production process, whereby it is possible to reduce a cell module assembly defect rate.
In the present application, it should be understood that the terms “comprises,” “has,” “disposes,” “includes,” etc. specify the presence of stated features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.
In addition, the same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to parts that perform similar functions or operations. In the case in which one part is said to be connected to another part in the specification, not only may the one part be directly connected to the other part, but also, the one part may be indirectly connected to the other part via a further part. In addition, that a certain element is included does not mean that other elements are excluded, but means that such elements may be further included unless mentioned otherwise.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in order to assist in understanding the present invention.
Referring to
Referring to
The gas circulation unit 140 may include at least one selected from the group consisting of an air suction device 141, an air fan 142, and an air blower 143. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. The air suction device 141 may be constituted by a duct provided so as to extend through an upper wall surface of the gas detection chamber unit 110 and a suction pump (not shown) connected to the other end of the duct, and suctions air in the gas detection chamber unit 110 through driving of the suction pump. Preferably, one or more air suction devices 141 are provided. One or more air fans 142 may be provided in the gas detection chamber unit 110. Preferably, the air fan 142 may be disposed in a space defined between an inner upper end surface of the upper wall surface of the gas detection chamber unit 110 and an upper end surface of the cell module assembly received in the gas detection chamber unit 110, and one or more air fans 142 may be provided. The air blower 143 may be constituted by a nozzle (not shown) extending through the wall surface of the gas detection chamber unit 110 and an air hose (not shown) coupled to the nozzle. The air blower 143 may be disposed so as to extend through the upper wall surface or a side wall surface of the gas detection chamber unit 110. Preferably, the air blower is disposed spaced apart from the side wall surface of the gas detection chamber unit by a predetermined distance. One or more air blowers may be disposed depending on characteristics of the cell module assembly and other environments, and the number of air blowers is not particularly restricted.
Referring to
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Also, in the step of receiving the cell module assembly in the gas detection chamber unit 110, the lowering height of the stripper 160 may be adjusted, and the cell module assembly 100 may be pressed using the pressing unit 150.
In the following examples of the present invention, the cell module assembly was disposed in the gas detection chamber unit 110 such that relatively long ones of the side surfaces of the stacked battery cells, excluding the stacked surfaces thereof, face the front wall surface and the rear wall surface of the gas detection chamber unit 110 and relatively short ones of the side surfaces of the stacked battery cells face the side wall surface of the gas detection chamber unit 110. In addition, a CO2 detection sensor was used as the gas sensor.
Cracks were formed at positions p3 and p6 of the cell module assembly 100 shown in
The cell module assembly 200 having cracks formed at positions p3 and p6 was disposed on the mounting die 121, the mounting die 121 was moved along the sliding frame 122 so as to be located at the lower end of the gas detection chamber unit 110, the stripper 160 was driven downwards such that the lower surface of the gas detection chamber unit 110 came into close contact with the upper surface of the mounting die 121, gas in the gas detection chamber unit 110 was detected using the gas sensor unit 130 while the gas circulation unit 140 was driven to circulate the gas in the gas detection chamber unit 110, result values were transmitted to the external data logger, and detected CO2 concentration values were collected.
Experiment times and CO2 concentration detection values according to Example 1 are shown in
Gas detection experiments were performed in the state in which the interior of the gas detection chamber unit 110 was completely sealed.
Gas detection experiments were performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the lower surface of the gas detection chamber unit 110 and the upper surface of the mounting die 121 were fastened to each other via a fastening member such that the interior of the gas detection chamber unit was completely sealed.
Experiment times and CO2 concentration detection values according to Example 1 are shown in
Gas detection experiments were performed in the state in which the cell module assembly 100 was not pressed in the gas detection chamber unit 110 that was partially sealed.
Cracks were formed at positions p1 and p4 of the cell module assembly 100 shown in
The cell module assembly 100 having cracks formed at positions p1 and p4 was disposed on the mounting die 121, the mounting die 121 was moved along the sliding frame 122 so as to be located at the lower end of the gas detection chamber unit 110, the stripper 160 was driven downwards such that the lower surface of the gas detection chamber unit 110 came into close contact with the upper surface of the mounting die 121, gas in the gas detection chamber unit 110 was detected using the gas sensor unit 130 while the gas circulation unit 140 was driven to circulate the gas in the gas detection chamber unit 110, result values were transmitted to the external data logger, and detected CO2 concentration values were collected.
Experiment times and CO2 concentration detection values according to Example 3 are shown in
Gas detection experiments were performed in the state in which the cell module assembly 100 was pressed in the gas detection chamber unit 110 that was partially sealed.
Cracks were formed at positions p1 and p4 of the cell module assembly 100 shown in
Gas detection experiments were performed in the same manner as in Example 3 except that a step of bringing the lower surface of the gas detection chamber unit 110 into close contact the upper surface of the mounting die 121 and further driving the stripper 160 downwards in the state in which the pressing unit 150 was disposed in contact with the upper end surface of the cell module assembly 100 in order to press the upper end surface of the cell module assembly 100 was added.
Experiment times and CO2 concentration detection values according to Example 4 are shown in
Experiments on a gas circulation effect depending on change in operation conditions of the gas circulation unit 140 were performed in the state in which the interior of the gas detection chamber unit 110 was partially sealed and the cell module assembly 100 was not pressed.
The cell module assembly 100 having cracks formed therein was disposed on the mounting die 121, the mounting die 121 was moved along the sliding frame 122 so as to be located at the lower end of the gas detection chamber unit 110, the stripper 160 was driven downwards such that the lower surface of the gas detection chamber unit 110 came into close contact with the upper surface of the mounting die 121, gas in the gas detection chamber unit 110 was detected using the gas sensor unit 130, and result values were transmitted to the external data logger. In the step of detecting the gas using the gas sensor unit, the air fan 142 and the air blower 143 were individually or simultaneously driven either for 2 seconds or continuously to perform gas detection experiments.
Experiment times and CO2 concentration detection values according to Example 5 are shown in
Experiments on an effect of purifying the gas detection chamber unit 110 depending on change in operation conditions of the gas circulation unit 140 were performed in the state in which the interior of the gas detection chamber unit 110 was partially sealed and the cell module assembly 100 was not pressed.
Gas detection experiments according to the present invention were performed using the cell module assembly 100 having cracks formed in the surfaces of the pouch cases of the cells, and experiments to purify the gas detection chamber unit 110 through driving of the gas circulation unit 140 were performed after gas detection.
It can be seen from the experiment results that the gas detection chamber unit was the most quickly purified when the air suction device 141, the air fan 142, and the air blower 143 were simultaneously driven.
Experiment times and CO2 concentration detection values according to Example 6 are shown in
Gas detection experiments were performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that gas detection was performed at positions p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6, and p7 of the cell module assembly 100 shown in
It can be seen from the gas detection experiment result for each crack position according to Example 7 that the position of the crack formed in the upper surface of the uppermost cell of the cell module assembly was detected. For this reason, the surfaces of the stacked cells that face each other, i.e. the upper surface and the lower surface of each unit cell, form stacked surfaces, whereby an effect similar to a taping effect is achieved, and therefore gas detection due to gas leakage within a short time may be difficult. Consequently, it can be seen that it may be difficult to rapidly detect the positions of cracks formed in the stacked surfaces using the gas detection apparatus for cell module assemblies according to the present invention.
The results of CO2 gas detection according to Example 7 are shown in
In Example 8, gas detection experiments were performed on a normal cell module assembly having no crack formed therein and a defective cell module assembly having a crack formed therein using the gas detection method according to the present invention. In this example, a defective cell module assembly having a crack formed at position P2 shown in
The results of gas detection experiments according to Example 8 are shown in
Although the specific details of the present invention have been described in detail, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the detailed description thereof discloses only preferred embodiments of the present invention and thus does not limit the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes and modifications are possible, without departing from the category and technical idea of the present invention, and it will be obvious that such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the appended claims.
10: Gas detection apparatus for cell module assemblies
100: Cell module assembly
101: Cell
110: Gas detection chamber unit
111: Receiving space
120: Sliding die unit
121: Mounting die
122: Sliding frame
130, 130a, 130b: Gas sensor units
131, 131a, 131b: Gas sensing portions
132, 132a, 132b: Gas electrode portions
140: Gas circulation unit
141: Air suction device
142: Air fan
143: Air blower
150: Pressing unit
151: Motor
152: Central shaft
153: Central plate
160: Stripper
p, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6, p7: Gas sensor detection positions
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10-2020-0094310 | Jul 2020 | KR | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/KR2021/009937 | 7/29/2021 | WO |
