This application is a U.S. national stage application of PCT/JP2018/028272 filed on Jul. 27, 2018, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
The present disclosure relates to a heat exchanger and a heat exchanger unit both including flat tubes and fins, a heat exchanger unit, and a refrigeration cycle apparatus, and more particularly to the location of a water conveyance member that causes water staying in the fins to be discharged.
Of existing heat exchangers, a given heater exchanger is provided with flat tubes that are heat transfer tubes each having a porous elongated section to improve its heat exchange performance. In an example of such a heat exchanger, flat tubes are arranged such that their tube axes extend in a lateral direction, and are also arranged at predetermined intervals in an up/down direction. In such a heat exchanger, fins formed in the shape of a plate are arranged side by side in a direction along the tube axes of the flat tubes, and heat exchange is performed between air that passes between the fins and a fluid that flows in the flat tubes.
Of such heat exchangers, in a known heat exchanger, a spacer having a surface facing a lower end of the heat exchanger is provided (for example, Patent Literature 1). The spacer is provided to guide dew condensation water from the lower end of the heat exchanger to a bottom frame.
Patent Literature 1: Japanese Patent No. 5464207
However, in the heat exchanger disclosed in Patent Literature 1 the spacer is provided over substantially the entire fins in a width direction of the fins in a region located below a heat exchange unit including fins and flat tubes. Therefore, water that flows down through the fins stays between the fins and an upper surface of the spacer. As a result, the water stays at a lower end portion of the heat exchange unit to block up an air passage between the fins, thus reducing the amount of air that passes through the heat exchange unit, and also reducing the heat exchange performance. In addition, in the case where the heat exchanger is used when the temperature of outdoor air is low, the collecting water may be frozen, as a result of which frozen part may expand and the heat exchange unit may be damaged.
The present disclosure is applied to solve the above problems, and relates to heat exchanger, a heat exchanger unit, and a refrigeration cycle apparatus that promote discharge of water from a heat exchange unit to improve a frost resistance and a heat exchange performance.
A heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a flat tube; a fin formed in the shape of a plate and having a plate surface that extends in a longitudinal direction of the fin and such that a width direction of the fin is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, the fin being located such that the longitudinal direction of the fin coincides with an up/down direction and crosses a tube axis of the flat tube; and a first water conveyance member provided below the fin. The fin has a pipe set region located at a pipe-set-side edge that is one end edge of the fin in the width direction, the pipe set region having an insertion portion into which the flat tube is inserted, and a water-conveyance region located at a water-conveyance-side edge that is the other end edge of the fin in the width direction, the water-conveyance region having no insertion portion. The first water conveyance member has a first upper surface that faces a lower end portion of the fin, a first ridge located at one end portion of the first upper surface that is close to the water-conveyance-side edge in a section of the heat exchanger that is perpendicular to the tube axis of the flat tube, and a second ridge located at the other end portion of the first upper surface that is close to the pipe-set-side edge in the section of the heat exchanger that is perpendicular to the tube axis of the flat tube, the second ridge being located below the water-conveyance region of the fin.
A heat exchanger unit according to another embodiment of the present disclosure includes the heat exchanger and a fan that sends air to the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is provided that the water-conveyance region is located upwind of the pipe-set region.
A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure is provided with the heat exchanger unit.
According to the present disclosure, since the second ridge, which is one of the ridges of the first water conveyance member and is located closer to the pipe set region, is provided below the water-conveyance region of the fin, water at the lower end portion of the fin flows downwards from the second ridge of the first water conveyance member and discharge of the water from the heat exchanger is promoted.
Embodiments of a heat exchanger, a heat exchanger unit, and a refrigeration cycle apparatus will be described below. The configurations as illustrated in the figures are merely examples, and the configurations of the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the configurations as illustrated in the figures. In each of the figures, components that are the same as or equivalent to those in a previous figure or figures are denoted by the same reference signs. The same is true of the entire text of the specification. Furthermore, the configurations of the components described in the entire text of the present specification are merely examples, and the configurations of the actual components are not limited to those described in the present specification. In particular, it should be noted that each of combinations of the components is not limited to a combination of components according to the same configuration, that is, a component according to an embodiment can be combined with a component according to another embodiment. Moreover, in the case where components that are of the same kind and denoted by reference signs including suffixes do not need to be distinguished from each other, the suffixes may be omitted. In addition, the relationships in size between the components in the figures may differ from the actual ones. It should be noted that the x direction, y direction, and z direction indicated in each of figures are the same directions as the x direction, y direction, and z direction in the other figures, respectively.
The outdoor heat exchanger 5 is provided in the outdoor unit 8 and the indoor heat exchanger 7 is provided in the indoor unit 9, and in regions close to the outdoor heat exchanger 5 and the indoor heat exchanger 7, respective fans 2 are provided. In the outdoor unit 8, outdoor air is sent from the fan 2 to the outdoor heat exchanger 5 and exchanges heat with the refrigerant. In the indoor unit 9, indoor air is sent from the fan 2 to the indoor heat exchanger 7, exchanges heat with the refrigerant, and is thus air-conditioned. Heat exchangers 100 can be used as the outdoor heat exchanger 5 provided in the outdoor unit 8 and the indoor heat exchanger 7 provided in the indoor unit 9 in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1, and each operate as a condenser or an evaporator. It should be noted that devices in which the heat exchangers 100 are provided, for example, the outdoor unit 8 and the indoor unit 9, will be each referred to as a heat exchanger unit.
The heat exchanger 100 as illustrated in
The refrigerant flows in each of the flat tubes 20, and heat exchange is performed between air sent to the heat exchanger 100 and the refrigerant in the flat tube 20. The fins 30 are arranged in a direction along the tube axes of the flat tubes 20. Any adjacent two of the fins 30 are arranged apart from each other by a predetermined space FP such that air passes through the space FP. The adjacent fins 30 contact air that passes through the space FP between the fins 30, and transfer heat to the refrigerant to achieve heat exchange.
As illustrated in
As illustrated in
The first water conveyance member 51 is located below a water-conveyance region 35 of each fin 30 that adjoins the water-conveyance-side edge 31 of the fin 30, The water-conveyance region 35 of the fin 30 is a region located between the water-conveyance-side edge 31 and a straight line L22 as indicated in
The second water conveyance member 52 is located below a pipe set region 36 of each fin 30 that adjoins the pipe-set-side edge 32 of the fin 30. The pipe set region 36 of the fin 30 is a region located between the pipe-set-side edge 32 and the straight line L22 indicated in
<Advantages of Heat Exchanger 100 According to Embodiment 1>
In the heat exchange unit 1010 of the heat exchanger 1000 of the comparative example, when the gravity G that is stronger than the surface tension ST acts on the water 61 that collects at the lower end portion, the water 61 flows out of the heat exchange unit 1010. Therefore, a predetermined amount of water stays at the lower end portion of the heat exchange unit 1010 of the comparative example. By contrast, below the heat exchange unit 10, the first water conveyance member 51 and the second water conveyance member 52 are provided. Thus, when gravity acts on the water that collects at the lower end portion of the heat exchange unit 10, and the water expands toward a region located blow the fins 30, the water comes in contact with at least one of the first water conveyance member 51 and the second water conveyance member 52, and a surface tension occurs to act in the opposite direction to the z direction. Therefore, the gravity and the surface tension act on the water collecting at the lower end portion of the heat exchange unit 10, in the opposite direction to the z direction, thereby promoting discharge of the water.
In particular, water that flows down from the upper portion of the heat exchange unit 10 easily concentratedly collects in the water-conveyance region 35 located between the water-conveyance-side edge 31 and the straight line L22. When the temperature of outdoor air is below the freezing point or close to a temperature below the freezing point, frost adheres to the heat exchange unit 10, and the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 thus performs a frost melting operation. In the frost melting operation, since the supply of air to the heat exchanger 100 is stopped, the water adhering to the heat exchange unit 10 is affected only by gravity, and flows down in the opposite direction to the z direction. Therefore, in the heat exchange unit 10, in the water-conveyance region 35, in the frost melting operation, the amount of water that flows down to the water-conveyance region 35 under the influence of the gravity is relative large, and discharge of the water collecting in a lower part of the water-conveyance region 35 is promoted by the first water conveyance member 51 provided below the water-conveyance region 35.
In addition, when the heat exchanger 100 operates as a common evaporator in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1, air flows into the heat exchange unit 10. Therefore, the water that flows down to the lower end portion of the heat exchange unit 10 easily flows downwards under the influence of the flow of air. Thus, the water easily collects at the lower end portion of the pipe set region 36 located between the pipe-set-side edge 32 and the straight line L22. In the heat exchange unit 10, since the second water conveyance member 52 is provided below the pipe set region 36, it is possible to promote discharge of the water from the lower end portion of the pipe set region 36 in which the water easily collects when the heat exchange unit 10 operates as the common evaporator.
As described above, in the heat exchanger 100 according to Embodiment 1 the heat exchange unit 10 includes the first water conveyance member 51 and the second water conveyance member 52 below the lower end edges 37 of the fins 30, thereby discharge of water from the heat exchange unit 10 can be promoted. Since discharge of the water from the heat exchange unit 10 is promoted, blockage of the spaces FP between the fins 30 can be reduced and a heat exchange performance is improved. In addition, it is possible to prevent the heat exchange unit 10 from being broken due to freezing of water in the spaces FP between the fins 30 that occurs when the temperature of outside air is low. Furthermore, since the amount of water that is frozen can also be reduced, the amount of heat for melting during a defrosting operation can be reduced, and time required for the defrosting operation can thus be shortened. In Embodiment 1, the z direction coincides with the direction of gravitational force; however, for example, also in the case where the heat exchanger 100 is provided such that the z direction is inclined to the direction of gravitational force, discharge of water can be promoted. However, the water conveyance members 51 and 52 need to be located below the fins 30 in the direction of gravitational force.
<Modifications of Heat Exchange Unit 10 According to Embodiment 1>
In the heat exchanger 100 according to Embodiment 1, the opposite direction to the z direction coincides with the direction of gravitational force. Therefore, water staying on the flat tubes 20a and 20b is guided to the water-conveyance region 35 by gravity. As in the heat exchange unit 10, in the heat exchange unit 10a also, water flows down from the upper portion of the heat exchange unit 10a to the water-conveyance region 35. In addition to the water that flows down from the upper portion, the water on the flat tube 20 is also guided from the water-conveyance region 35 to the lower end portion of the fin 30. In the heat exchange unit 10a also, the water conveyance members 51 and 52 are provided below the lower end edge 37 of each fin 30. Since the first water conveyance member 51 is located below the water-conveyance region 35, discharge of water from the lower end portion of the water-conveyance region 35 is promoted. In addition, since the second water conveyance member 52 is also located below the pipe set region 36, discharge of water that collects at the lower end portion of the pipe set region 36 is promoted.
In the heat exchange unit 10a of the modification, since the water conveyance members 51 and 52 are arranged in the same manner as the heat exchange unit 10, it is possible to obtain the same advantages as in the heat exchange unit 10. In addition, in the heat exchange unit 10a, the flat tubes 20 are inclined. Thus, even when water adhering to an intermediate region 33 between the flat tube 20a and the flat tube 20b flows down and collects on an upper surface of the flat tube 20a, the water is guided to the water-conveyance region 35. Therefore, in the heat exchange unit 10a, discharge of the water adhering to the pipe set region 36 is improved than in the heat exchange unit 10.
The first water conveyance member 51a is provided below the water-conveyance region 35, and at least the first ridge 55 and the second ridge 56a are located between an extension to the water-conveyance-side edge 31 and the straight line L22. In addition, the second water conveyance member 52a is provided below the pipe set region 36, and at least the first ridge 55 and the second ridge 56a are located between an extension to the pipe-set-side edge 32 and the straight line L22.
In each of the first water conveyance members 51a and 51b and each of the second water conveyance members 52a and 52b, an inclined surface is formed from at least one of the first ridge 55a and the second ridge 56a. Therefore, when the water collecting at the lower end edge 37 of the fin 30 comes into contact with the water conveyance members 51a, 51b, 52a, and 52b, the water also comes into contact with the first side surface 58a or the second side surface 59a that is inclined, and the water is easily guided toward the inclined surface by the surface tension. Thus, the water conveyance members 51a, 51b, 52a, and 52b improve discharge of the water.
In Embodiment 1, when air flows into the heat exchanger 100 from the water-conveyance-side edge 31, since the second side surface 59a is located on the downwind side, the water is guided toward the second side surface 59a, which is located on the downwind side, by the flow of the air. Then, the water staying at the lower end edge 37 of the fin 30 is easily discharged from the fin 30 by the flow of the air, gravity, and a surface tension that occurs because of the contact between the water and the second side surface 59a. Each of the water conveyance members 51a and 52a may be formed to have only the second side surface 59a as an inclined surface, which is located on the downwind side, as in the heat exchange unit 10b. However, in the case where each of the water conveyance members 51b and 52b is formed to include inclined surfaces that adjoin the first ridge 55a and the second ridge 56a as in the heat exchange unit 10c, discharge of water can be further improved by a surface tension that occurs because of the contact between the water and the first side surface 58a.
In Embodiment 1, since air flows into the heat exchange unit 10e in the x direction, dew condensation easily occurs on the water-conveyance-side edge 31. Therefore, in the heat exchange unit 10e, a large amount of water flows from the upper portion along the water-conveyance-side edge 31. In this case, since the upper surface 57 of the first water conveyance member 51 is located below the water-conveyance-side edge 31 of each fin 30, the water that flows down along the water-conveyance-side edge 31, on which dew condensation easily occurs, reaches the lower end edge 37 of the fin 30 and comes in contact with the upper surface 57 of the first water conveyance member 51. When coming into contact with the upper surface 57 of the first water conveyance member 51 discharge of the water that has flowed along the water-conveyance-side edge 31 is promoted.
Furthermore, in the pipe set region 36 of the heat exchange unit 10d, since the plurality of flat tubes 20 are provided, water does not easily flow down from the upper portion of the fin 30. However, when the heat exchanger 100 operates as an evaporator in Embodiment 1, air flows in the x direction. Therefore, water adhering to the intermediate region 33 flows toward the pipe-set-side edge 32 because of the flow of the air. Therefore, in the pipe-set-side edge 32, the water that has flowed toward the pipe-set-side edge 32 because of the flow of the air flows down to the pipe-side edge 32 from above. At this time, in the case where the upper surface 57 of the second water conveyance member 52 is located below the pipe-set-side edge 32, water that flows down along the pipe-set-side edge 32 reaches the lower end edge 37 of the fin 30 and comes into contact with the upper surface 57 of the second water conveyance member 52. The water that has flowed along the pipe-set-side edge 32 comes into contact with the upper surface 57 of the second water conveyance member 52, and discharge of the water is thus promoted.
As described above, in the heat exchanger 100 according to Embodiment 1, also in the case where at least one ridge of each of the water conveyance members 51 and 52 is located below the lower end edge 37 of the fin 30 as in the heat exchange units 10 and 10a to 10e, discharge of water can be improved.
In a heat exchanger 200 according to Embodiment 2, a plurality of heat exchange units 10 are provided. In this regard, the heat exchanger 200 according to Embodiment 2 is different from the heat exchanger 100 according to Embodiment 1. The heat exchanger 200 according to Embodiment 2 will be described by referring mainly to the differences between the heat exchanger 200 and the heat exchanger 100 according to Embodiment 1. Regarding the heat exchanger 200 according to Embodiment 2, components as illustrated in the figures that have the same functions as those in Embodiment 1 will be denoted by the same reference signs.
The first heat exchange unit 210a is provided such that a pipe-set-side edge 232 faces the second heat exchange unit 210b. The second heat exchange unit 210b is provided such that a water-conveyance-side edge 231 faces the first heat exchange unit 210a. The pipe-set-side edge 232 of the first heat exchange unit 210a and the water-conveyance-side edge 231 of the second heat exchange unit 210b are located to face each other, with a predetermined space 240 provided between the pipe-set-side edge 232 and the water-conveyance-side edge 231.
The first water conveyance member 51 is provided below the water-conveyance region 35 of the first heat exchange unit 210a. The second water conveyance member 52 is provided below the pipe set region 36 of the second heat exchange unit 210b. The first water conveyance member 51 and the second water conveyance member 52 may each have at least one of the first side surface 58a and the second side surface 59a that are inclined surfaces as in the heat exchange units 10b and 10c of Embodiment 1. In this case, it is possible to obtain the same advantages in the heat exchange units 10b and 10c. As in the heat exchange unit 10e of Embodiment 1, the first water conveyance member 51 and the second water conveyance member 52 may be provided such that the first ridge 55 of the first water conveyance member 51 is located outward of a water-conveyance-side edge 31 of each fin 30 in the first heat exchange unit 210a in the opposite direction to the x direction, and a second ridge 56 of the second water conveyance member 52 is located outward of a pipe-set-side edge 32 of each fin 30 in the second heat exchange unit 210b in the x direction. By virtue of the above configuration, the first heat exchange unit 210a and the second heat exchange unit 210b can also obtain the same advantages as the heat exchange unit 10e of Embodiment 1.
The third water conveyance member 253 is provided below a space 240 between the first heat exchange unit 210a and the second heat exchange unit 210b. A first ridge 255 of the third water conveyance member 253 is located below the pipe set region 36 of the first heat exchange unit 210a. The second ridge 256 of the third water conveyance member 253 is located below the water-conveyance region 35 of the second heat exchange unit 210b. In other words, an upper surface 257 of the third water conveyance member 253 is located below the pipe-set-side edge 232 of the first heat exchange unit 210a and the water-conveyance-side edge 231 of the second heat exchange unit 210b.
In Embodiment 2, air flows into the first heat exchange unit 210a and the second heat exchange unit 210b in the x direction. In addition, the heat exchanger 200 is provided such that the opposite direction to the z direction coincides with the direction of gravitational force. Since air flows into the heat exchanger 200 in the x direction, water adhering to the intermediate region 33 of the first heat exchange unit 210a flows toward the pipe-set-side edge 232. The water that has reached the pipe-set-side edge 232 flows downwards along the pipe-set-side edge 232 because of gravity, or comes into contact with the water-conveyance-side edge 31 of the second heat exchange unit 210b and flows downwards through the space 240.
The space 240 has the same size as the space FP between the fins 30. Thus, water that exists in the space 240 stays at the lower end portion of the fin 30 because of surface tension ST. However, since the upper surface 257 of the third water conveyance member 253 is located below the space 240, water staying at lower end part of the space 240 comes into contact with the upper surface 257 of the third water conveyance member 253, and is thus guided in the opposite direction to the z direction, whereby discharge of the water from the fin 30 is promoted. It should be noted that the upper surface 257 of the third water conveyance member 253 may be referred to as a third upper surface.
Since the first ridge 255 of the third water conveyance member 253 is located below the pipe set region 36 in the first heat exchange unit 210a, water that has flowed from the lower end portion of the first heat exchange unit 210a comes into contact with the third water conveyance member 253 because of the flow of air, thereby promoting discharge of the water. In addition, since the second ridge 256 of the third water conveyance member 253 is located below the water-conveyance region 35 in the second heat exchange unit 210b, water that has flowed from the upper portion of the second heat exchange unit 210b to the lower end portion through the water-conveyance region 35 comes into contact with the third water conveyance member 253, thereby promoting discharge of the water. In the case where two heat exchange units 210a and 210b are arranged in the flow direction of air as in the heat exchanger 200 of Embodiment 2, at part of each fin 30 that is located on the upwind side, condensation easily occurs and water easily adheres. As illustrated in
The second water conveyance member 52 of the second heat exchange unit 210b may not be omitted. In addition, as a modification of the heat exchanger 200 according to Embodiment 2, at least one of the first heat exchange unit 210a and the second heat exchange unit 210b may be replaced by any one of the heat exchange units 10, 10a, 10b, 10c, and 10e according to Embodiment 1. In any case, as long as at least the water conveyance member is provided below the space 240, it is possible to promote discharge of water from the space 240.
In each of the heat exchangers 200 and 200a according to Embodiment 2 the flow direction of air is not limited to the x direction; that is, air may be made to flow in the opposite direction to the x direction. When air flows into the heat exchanger 200 or 200a in the opposite direction to the x direction, the distribution of water that adheres to the fin 30 due to dew condensation changes. However, since the heat exchange unit 210a, 210aa, or 210b includes the water conveyance members that are arranged below the fin 30, when water flows downwards in the fin 30 and reaches the lower end edge 37, the water comes in contact with the water conveyance members 51, 51a, 52, 52a, and 253, thereby promoting discharge of the water. In addition, in the case where air is made to flow in the opposite direction to the x direction, the heat exchange unit 10a according to Embodiment 1 in which the flat tubes 20 are inclined toward the water-conveyance region 35 in the direction of gravitational force may be used instead of the heat exchange unit 210b. Since the flat tubes 20 are inclined toward the downwind side in the direction of gravitational force, the water in the intermediate region 233a is easily discharged, and discharge of water is improved as a whole in the heat exchanger 200 or 200a,
In the heat exchanger 200b according to Embodiment 2, the flow direction of air is not limited to the x direction; that is, air is made to flow in the opposite direction to the x direction. When air flows into the heat exchanger 200b in the opposite direction to the x direction, the distribution of water adhering to the fin 30 due to the dew condensation changes, and dew condensation easily occurs in the pipe set region 36 of the second heat exchange unit 210bb located on the upwind side. In this case, in the second heat exchange unit 210bb, since the flat tubes 20 are inclined toward the water-conveyance region 35, water adhering in the intermediate region 233b easily flows to the water-conveyance region 35. In addition, in the case where air flows in the opposite direction to the x direction, the water adhering in the intermediate region 233b is guided to the water-conveyance region 35 by the flow of air, thereby promoting discharge of the water.
In a heat exchanger 300 according to Embodiment 3, the water conveyance members 51 and 52 of the heat exchange unit 10 are connected to each other by a fourth water conveyance member 54. In this regard, the heat exchanger 300 according to Embodiment 3 is different from the heat exchanger 100 according to Embodiment 1. The heat exchanger 300 according to Embodiment 3 will be described by referring manly to the differences between Embodiments 1 and 3. Regarding the heat exchanger 100 according to Embodiment 3, components as illustrated in the figures that have having the same functions as those in Embodiment 1 will be denoted by the same reference signs.
The heat exchange unit 310 includes the first water conveyance member 51 and the second water conveyance member 52, and further includes the fourth water conveyance members 54 that connect the first water conveyance member 51 and the second water conveyance member 52. The fourth water conveyance members 54 are spaced from each other in the y direction, and extend in the x direction to be connected to the first water conveyance member 51 and the second water conveyance member 52.
As illustrated in
Since the water-conveyance structure 350 is formed in such a manner as to connect all the first water conveyance member 51, the second water conveyance member 52, and the fourth water conveyance member 54, the water-conveyance structure can be easily set below the fins 30. In addition, since the water-conveyance structure 350 does not block up the spaces FP between the fins 30, the fourth water conveyance members 54 can also promote discharge of water from the lower end portions of the fins 30. Furthermore, the fins 30 are provided in contact with the water-conveyance structure 350, and the water-conveyance structure 350 can support an upper structure such as the fins 30 and the flat tubes 20. It should be noted that the first water conveyance member 51 and the second water conveyance member 52 of the water-conveyance structure 350 may be formed to have the same shapes as those of the first water conveyance members 51a and 51b and the second water conveyance members 52a and 52b according to Embodiment 1. In addition, the first water conveyance member 51 and the second water conveyance member 52 of the water-conveyance structure 350 may be arranged in the same manner as in Embodiments 1 and 2.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/JP2018/028272 | 7/27/2018 | WO |
Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
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WO2020/021706 | 1/30/2020 | WO | A |
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
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20190049185 | Ito | Feb 2019 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country |
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105057901 | Nov 2015 | CN |
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Entry |
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20210207900 A1 | Jul 2021 | US |