Patent Application
20090227563
The present invention concerns boosting the activity of crop protection materials comprising inhibitors of fatty acid biosynthesis, especially phenyl-substituted cyclic ketoenols, through the addition of ammonium salts or phosphonium salts and, if desired, penetrants, the corresponding materials, processes for preparing them, and their use in crop protection for preventing unwanted plant growth.
For 3-acylpyrrolidine-2,4-diones pharmaceutical properties have already been described (S. Suzuki et al. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 15 1120 (1967)). Additionally N-phenylpyrrolidine-2,4-diones have been synthesized, by R. Schmierer and H. Mildenberger (Liebigs Ann. Chem. 1985, 1095). No biological activity has been described for these compounds.
EP-A-0 262 399 and GB-A-2 266 888 disclose similarly structured compounds (3-arylpyrrolidine-2,4-diones) for which, however, no herbicidal, insecticidal or acaricidal activity has been made known. Compounds known with a herbicidal, insecticidal or acaricidal activity include unsubstituted, bicyclic 3-arylpyrrolidine-2,4-dione derivatives (EP-A-355 599, EP-A-415 211 and JP-A-12-053 670) and also substituted monocyclic 3-arylpyrrolidine-2,4-dione derivatives (EP-A-377 893 and EP-A-442 077).
Additionally known are polycyclic 3-arylpyrrolidine-2,4-dione derivatives (EP-A-442 073) and also 1H-arylpyrrolidinedione derivatives (EP-A-456 063, EP-A-521 334, EP-A-596 298, EP-A-613 884, EP-A-613 885, WO 95/01 997, WO 95/26 954, WO 95/20 572, EP-A-0 668 267, WO 96/25 395, WO 96/35 664, WO 97/01 535, WO 97/02 243, WO 97/36 868, WO 97/43275, WO 98/05638, WO 98/06721, WO 98/25928, WO 99/16748, WO 99/24437, WO 99/43649, WO 99/48869 and WO 99/55673, WO 01/17972, WO 01/23354, WO 01/74770, WO 03/013249, WO 04/007448, WO 04/024688, WO 04/065366, WO 04/080962, WO 04/111042, WO 05/044791, WO 05/044796, WO 05/048710, WO 05/049569, WO 05/066125, WO 05/092897, WO 06/000355, WO 06/029799, WO 06/056281, WO 06/056282, WO 06/089633).
It is known that certain substituted Δ3-dihydrofuran-2-one derivatives possess herbicidal properties (cf. DE-A-4 014 420). The synthesis of the tetronic acid derivatives used as starting compounds (such as 3-(2-methylphenyl)-4-hydroxy-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-Δ3-dihydrofuran-2-one) is likewise described in DE-A-4 014 420. Similarly structured compounds, without a report of an insecticidal and/or acaricidal activity, are known from the publication by Campbell et al., J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 1985, (8) 1567-76. Moreover, 3-aryl-Δ3-dihydrofuranone derivatives having herbicidal, acaricidal and insecticidal properties are known from EP-A-528 156, EP-A-0 647 637, WO 95/26 345, WO 96/20 196, WO 96/25 395, WO 96/35 664, WO 97/01 535, WO 97/02 243, WO 97/36 868, WO 98/05638, WO 98/25928, WO 99/16748, WO 99/43649, WO 99/48869, WO 99/55673, WO 01/17972, WO 01/23354 and WO 01/74770, WO 03/013 249, WO 04/024 688, WO 04/080 962, WO 04/111 042, WO 05/092897, WO 06/000355, WO 06/029799 and WO 06/089633. As well 3-aryl-Δ3-dihydrothiophene-one derivatives are known (WO 95/26 345, 96/25 395, WO 97/01 535, WO 97/02 243, WO 97/36 868, WO 98/05638, WO 98/25928, WO 99/16748, WO 99/43649, WO 99/48869, WO 99/55673, WO 01/17972, WO 01/23354, WO 01/74770, WO 03/013249, WO 04/080 962, WO 04/111 042, WO 05/092897, WO 06/029799).
Certain phenylpyrone derivatives unsubstituted in the phenyl ring have already been disclosed (cf. A. M. Chirazi, T. Kappe and E. Ziegler, Arch. Pharm. 309, 558 (1976) and K.-H. Boltze and K. Heidenbluth, Chem. Ber. 91, 2849), no possible usefulness as pesticides being reported for these compounds. Phenylpyrone derivatives substituted in the phenyl ring and having herbicidal, acaricidal and insecticidal properties are described in EP-A-588 137, WO 96/25 395, WO 96/35 664, WO 97/01 535, WO 97/02 243, WO 97/16 436, WO 97/19 941, WO 97/36 868, WO 98/05638, WO 99/43649, WO 99/48869, WO 99/55673, WO 01/17972, WO 01/74770, WO 03/013249, WO 04/080 962, WO 04/111 042, WO 05/092897 and WO 06/029799.
Certain 5-phenyl-1,3-thiazine derivatives unsubstituted in the phenyl ring have already been disclosed (cf. E. Ziegler and E. Steiner, Monatsh. 95, 147 (1964), R. Ketcham, T. Kappe and E. Ziegler, J. Heterocycl. Chem. 10, 223 (1973)), no possible application as pesticides being reported for these compounds. 5-Phenyl-1,3-thiazine derivatives substituted in the phenyl ring and having a herbicidal, acaricidal and insecticidal activity are described in WO 94/14 785, WO 96/02 539, WO 96/35 664, WO 97/01 535, WO 97/02 243, WO 97/02 243, WO 97/36 868, WO 99/05638, WO 99/43649, WO 99/48869, WO 99/55673, WO 01/17972, WO 01/74770, WO 03/013249, WO 04/080 962, WO 04/111 042, WO 05/092897 and WO 06/029799.
It is known that certain substituted 2-arylcyclopentanediones have herbicidal, insecticidal and acaricidal properties (cf. e.g. U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,283,348; 4,338,122; 4,436,666; 4,526,723; 4,551,547; 4,632,698; WO 96/01 798; WO 96/03 366, WO 97/14 667 and also WO 98/39281, WO 99/43649, WO 99/48869, WO 99/55673, WO 01/17972, WO 01/74770, WO 03/013249, WO 04/080 962, WO 04/111 042, WO 05/092897 and WO 06/029799). Moreover, similarly substituted compounds are known: 3-hydroxy-5,5-dimethyl-2-phenylcyclopent-2-en-1-one, from the publication by Micklefield et al., Tetrahedron, (1992), 7519-26, and the natural substance Involutin, (−)-cis-5-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclopent-2-en-one, from the publication by Edwards et al., J. Chem. Soc. S, (1967), 405-9. No insecticidal or acaricidal activity is described. Furthermore, 2-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-1,3-indanedione is known from the publication J. Economic Entomology, 66, (1973), 584 and from the laid-open specification DE-A 2 361 084, with reports of herbicidal and acaricidal activities.
It is known that certain substituted 2-arylcyclohexanediones possess herbicidal, insecticidal and acaricidal properties (U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,175,135, 4,209,432, 4,256,657, 4,256,658, 4,256,659, 4,257,858, 4,283,348, 4,303,669, 4,351,666, 4,409,153, 4,436,666, 4,526,723, 4,613,617, 4,659,372, DE-A 2 813 341, and also Wheeler, T. N., J. Org. Chem. 44, 4906 (1979)), WO 99/43649, WO 99/48869, WO 99/55673, WO 01/17972, WO 01/74770, WO 03/013249, WO 04/080 962, WO 04/111 042, WO 05/092897 and WO 06/029799).
It is known that certain substituted 4-arylpyrazolidine-3,5-diones possess acaricidal, insecticidal and herbicidal properties (cf. e.g. WO 92/16 510, EP-A-508 126, WO 96/11 574, WO 96/21 652, WO 99/47525, WO 01/17351, WO 01/17352, WO 01/17353, WO 01/17972, WO 01/17973, WO 03/028 466, WO 03/062 244, WO 04/080 962, WO 04/111 042, WO 05/005428, WO 05/016873, WO 05/092897 and WO 06/029799).
It is known that certain tetrahydropyridones possess herbicidal properties (JP 0832530). Moreover, specific 4-hydroxytetrahydropyridones with acaricidal, insecticidal and herbicidal properties are known (JP 11152273). Furthermore, 4-hydroxytetrahydropyridones have become known as pesticides and herbicides, in WO 01/79204.
It is known that certain 5,6-dihydropyrone derivatives have antiviral properties as protease inhibitors (WO 95/14012). Moreover, 4-phenyl-6-(2-phenethyl)-5,6-dihydropyrone is known from the synthesis of kavalactone derivatives (Kappe et al., Arch. Pharm. 309, 558-564 (1976)). Moreover, 5,6-dihydropyrone derivatives are known as intermediates (White, J. D., Brenner, J. B., Deinsdale, M. J., J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 93, 281-282 (1971)). 3-Phenyl-5,6-dihydropyrone derivatives with applications in crop protection are described in WO 01/98288.
All of the active ingredients present in the materials of the invention are already known and can be prepared by methods described in the prior art (see references cited above). Their activity is good, but not always entirely satisfactory, particularly at low application rates and concentrations. Moreover, the plant tolerance of these compounds is not always sufficient. There is therefore a need for a boost in activity of the crop protection materials comprising the compounds.
Descriptions have already been given in the literature to the effect that the activity of various active ingredients can be boosted through addition of ammonium salts. The salts in question, however, are salts with a detergent effect (e.g. WO 95/017817) and/or salts having relatively long alkyl and/or aryl substituents, which have a permeabilizing effect or which increase the solubility of the active ingredient (e.g. EP-A 0 453 086, EP-A 0 664 081, FR-A 2 600 494, U.S. Pat. No. 4,844,734, U.S. Pat. No. 5,462,912, U.S. Pat. No. 5,538,937, US-A 03/0224939, US-A 05/0009880, US-A 05/0096386). Furthermore, the prior art describes the activity only for certain active ingredients and/or certain applications of the materials in question. A boost in activity through ammonium sulphate, for example, is described for the herbicides glyphosate and phosphinothricin, for example (U.S. Pat. No. 6,645,914, EP-A2 0 036 106).
As well, the use of ammonium sulphate as a formulating assistant has been described for certain active ingredients and applications (WO 92/16108), but it is used there for the purpose of stabilizing the formulation, not for boosting activity.
It has now been found, entirely surprisingly, that the activity of herbicides from the class of the phenyl-substituted cyclic ketoenols can be boosted significantly through the addition of ammonium salts or phosphonium salts to the as-used solution or through the incorporation of these salts into a formulation comprising phenyl-substituted cyclic ketoenols. The present invention provides, therefore, for the use of ammonium salts or phosphonium salts to boost the activity of crop protection materials which comprise herbicidally active phenyl-substituted cyclic ketoenols as active ingredient. The invention likewise provides materials which comprise herbicidally active phenyl-substituted cyclic ketoenols and activity-boosting ammonium salts or phosphonium salts, specifically including not only formulated active ingredients but also application-ready materials (spray liquors). The invention further provides, finally, for the use of these materials for controlling unwanted plant growth.
Active ingredients of the invention from the class of the phenyl-substituted cyclic ketoenols whose activity can be boosted through the addition of ammonium salts or phosphonium salts to the formulated or application-ready active-ingredient preparations are defined by formula (I)
Depending on factors including the nature of the substituents, the compounds of formula (I) may be present in the form of geometrical and/or optical isomers or isomer mixtures, in different compositions, which can optionally be separated in a customary way. Not only the pure isomers but also the isomer mixtures can be used in materials of the invention and can be boosted in their activity through ammonium salts or phosphonium salts of the invention. Reference below is always, for the sake of simplicity to compounds of the formula (I), although what are meant are not only the pure compounds but also, where appropriate, mixtures containing different fractions of isomeric compounds.
Including the definitions (1) to (10) of the group CKE produces the following principal structures (I-1) to (I-10):
in which
A, B, D, G, Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6, W, X, Y and Z are as defined above.
Including the various definitions (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (g) of the group G produces the following principal structures (I-1-a) to (I-1-g) if CKE is the group (1):
in which
A, B, D, E, L, M, W, X, Y, Z, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are as defined above.
Including the various definitions (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (g) of the group G produces the following principal structures (I-2-a) to (I-2-g) if CKE is the group (2):
in which
A, B, E, L, M, W, X, Y, Z, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are as defined above.
Including the various definitions (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (g) of the group G produces the following principal structures (I-3-a) to (I-3-g) if CKE is the group (3):
in which
A, B, E, L, M, W, X, Y, Z, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are as defined above.
Depending on the position of the substituent G the compounds of the formula (I-4) may be present in the two isomeric forms of the formulae (I-4-A) and (I-4-B)
which the dashed line in the formula (I-4) is intended to express.
The compounds of the formula (I-4-A) and (I-4-B) may be present both as mixtures and in the form of their pure isomers. Mixtures of the compounds of the formulae (I-4-A) and (I-4-B) can be separated where appropriate in conventional manner by means of physical methods, such as by chromatographic methods, for example.
For reasons of greater clarity in each case only one of the possible isomers is set out below. This does not rule out the possibility of the compounds being present where appropriate in the form of the isomer mixtures or in the respective other isomeric form.
Including the various definitions (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (g) of the group G produces the following principal structures (I-4-a) to (I-4-g) if CKE is the group (4):
in which
A, D, E, L, M, W, X, Y, Z, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are as defined above.
Including the various definitions (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (g) of the group G produces the following principal structures (I-5-a) to (I-5-g) if CKE is the group (5):
in which
A, E, L, M, W, X, Y, Z, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are as defined above.
Depending on the position of the substituent G the compounds of the formula (I-6) may be present in the two isomeric forms of the formulae (I-6-A) and (I-6-B)
which the dashed line in the formula (I) is intended to express.
The compounds of the formulae (I-6-A) and (I-6-B) may be present both as mixtures and in the form of their pure isomers. Mixtures of the compounds of the formulae (I-6-A) and (I-6-B) can be separated where appropriate by means of physical methods, such as by chromatographic methods, for example.
For reasons of greater clarity in each case only one of the possible isomers is set out below. This does not rule out the possibility of the compounds being present where appropriate in the form of the isomer mixtures or in the respective other isomeric form.
Including the various definitions (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (g) of the group G produces the following principal structures (I-6-a) to (I-6-g):
in which
A, B, Q1, Q2, E, L, M, W, X, Y, Z, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are as defined above.
Depending on the position of the substituent G the compounds of the formula (I-7) may be present in the two isomeric forms of the formulae (I-7-A) and (I-7-B) which the dashed line in the formula (I-7) is intended to express:
The compounds of the formulae (I-7-A) and (I-7-B) may be present both as mixtures and in the form of their pure isomers. Mixtures of the compounds of the formulae (I-7-A) and (I-7-B) can be separated where appropriate by means of physical methods, such as by chromatographic methods, for example.
For reasons of greater clarity in each case only one of the possible isomers is set out below. This does not rule out the possibility of the relevant compound being present where appropriate as isomer mixtures or in the respective other isomeric form.
Including the various definitions (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (g) of the group G produces the following principal structures (I-7-a) to (I-7-g):
in which
A, B, E, L, M, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6, W, X, Y, Z, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are as defined above.
Depending on the position of the substituent G the compounds of the formula (I-8) can be present in the two isomeric formulae (I-8-A) and (I-8-B)
which the dashed line in the formulae (I-8) is intended to express.
The compounds of the formulae (I-8-A) and (I-8-B) may be present both as mixtures and in the form of their pure isomers. Mixtures of the compounds of the formulae (I-8-A) and (I-8-B) can be separated where appropriate in conventional manner by means of physical methods, such as by chromatographic methods, for example.
For reasons of greater clarity in each case only one of the possible isomers is set out below. This does not rule out the possibility of the compounds being present where appropriate in the form of the isomer mixtures or in the respective other isomeric form.
Including the various definitions (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (g) of the group G produces the following principal structures (I-8-a) to (I-8-g) if Het is the group (8):
in which
A, D, E, L, M, W, X, Y, Z, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are as defined above.
Depending on the position of the substituent G the compounds of the formulae (I-9) may be present in the two isomeric forms of the formulae (I-9-A) and (I-9-B) which the dashed line in the formula (I-9) is intended to express.
The compounds of the formula (I-9-A) and (I-9-B) may be present both as mixtures and in the form of their pure isomers. Mixtures of the compounds of the formulae (I-9-A) and (I-9-B) can be separated where appropriate in conventional manner by means of physical methods, such as by chromatographic methods, for example.
For reasons of greater clarity in each case only one of the possible isomers is set out below. This does not rule out the possibility of the compounds being present where appropriate in the form of the isomer mixtures or in the respective other isomeric form.
Including the various definitions (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (g) of the group G produces the following principal structures (I-9-a) to (I-9-g) if CKE is the group (9):
in which
A, B, D, E, L, M, Q1, Q2, W, X, Y, Z, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are as defined above.
Depending on the position of the substituent G the compounds of the formula (I-10) may be present in the two isomeric forms of the formulae (I-10-A) and (I-10-B)
which the dashed line in the formula (I-10) is intended to express.
The compounds of the formulae (I-10-A) and (I-10-B) may be present both as mixtures and in the form of their pure isomers. Mixtures of the compounds of the formulae (I-10-A) and (I-10-B) can be separated where appropriate in conventional manner by means of physical methods, such as by chromatographic methods, for example.
For reasons of greater clarity in each case only one of the possible isomers is set out below. This does not rule out the possibility of the compounds being present where appropriate in the form of the isomer mixtures or in the respective other isomeric form.
Including the various definitions (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (g) of the group G produces the following principal structures (I-10-a) to (I-10-g) if CKE is the group (10):
in which
A, B, D, E, L, M, Q1, Q2, W, X, Y, Z, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are as defined above.
A general definition of the compounds of the invention is given by the formula (I). Preferred substituents and/or ranges of the radicals listed in the formulae mentioned above and below are elucidated in the following text:
is present, or
or is bridged by a C1-C2-alkanediyl group or by an oxygen atom, or
in particular is (a), (b), (c) or (g)
In the radical definitions qualified by “preferably” halogen or halo is fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine, in particular fluorine, chlorine and bromine.
or
in particular is (a), (b) or (c),
In the radical definitions qualified by “with particular preference” halogen or halo is fluorine, chlorine and bromine, especially fluorine and chlorine.
Specifically mention may be made, apart from the compounds specified in the examples, of the following compounds:
Compounds suitable with particular preference as active ingredients of the invention are compounds having the radical combinations specified in Table 1 for W, X, Y and Z and the radical combinations specified in Tables 2a and 2b for A, B and D.
Compounds emphasized as active ingredients are, in particular, preferred compounds having the radical combinations specified in Table 1 for W, X and Y and the radical combinations specified in Tables 2a and 2b for A, B and D, in which W, X and Y represent a phenyl ring substituted in position 2, disubstituted in positions 2, 4 or 2,6, or trisubstituted in positions 2,4,6.
Compounds suitable as active ingredients of the invention are, with particular preference, compounds having the radical combinations specified in Table 1 for W, X, Y and Z and the radical combinations specified in Table 3 for A and B.
Compounds emphasized as active ingredients are, in particular, preferred compounds having the radical combinations specified in Table 1 for W, X and Y and the radical combinations specified in Table 3 for A and B, in which W, X and Y represent a phenyl ring substituted in position 2, disubstituted in positions 2, 4 or 2,6 or trisubstituted in positions 2,4,6.
Emphasis may be given to the following compounds:
The compounds of the formula (I) possess a herbicidal activity, but individually the activity and/or tolerance leaves something to be desired.
The active ingredients can be used in the compositions of the invention in a broad concentration range. The concentration of the active ingredients in the formulation is typically 0.1%-50% by weight.
Ammonium salts and phosphonium salts which inventively boost the activity of crop protection materials comprising fatty acid biosynthesis inhibitors are defined by formula (II)
The ammonium salts and phosphonium salts of the formula (II) can be used in a broad concentration range to boost the activity of crop protection materials comprising ketoenols. In general the ammonium salts or phosphonium salts are used in the application-ready crop protection material in a concentration of 0.5 to 80 mmol/l, preferably 0.75 to 37.5 mmol/l, more preferably 1.5 to 25 mmol/l. In the case of the formulated product the ammonium salt and/or phosphonium salt concentration in the formulation is chosen such that it is within these stated general, preferred or particularly preferred ranges after the formulation has been diluted to the desired active-ingredient concentration. The concentration of the salt in the formulation is typically 1%-50% by weight.
In one preferred embodiment of the invention the activity is boosted by adding to the crop protection materials not only an ammonium salt and/or phosphonium salt but also, additionally, a penetrant. It is considered entirely surprising that even in these cases an even greater boost to activity is observed. The present invention therefore likewise provides for the use of a combination of penetrant and ammonium salts and/or phosphonium salts to boost the activity crop protection materials which comprise herbicidally active phenyl-substituted cyclic ketoenols as active ingredient. The invention likewise provides materials which comprise herbicidally active phenyl-substituted cyclic ketoenols, penetrants and ammonium salts and/or phosphonium salts, including specifically not only formulated active ingredients but also application-ready materials (spray liquors). The invention additionally provides, finally, for the use of these materials for controlling unwanted plant growth.
Suitable penetrants in the present context include all those substances which are typically used to enhance the penetration of active agrochemical ingredients into plants. Penetrants are defined in this context by their ability to penetrate from the aqueous spray liquor and/or from the spray coating into the cuticle of the plant and thereby to increase the mobility of active ingredients in the cuticle. The method described in the literature (Baur et al., 1997, Pesticide Science 51, 131-152) can be used in order to determine this property.
Examples of suitable penetrants include alkanol alkoxylates. Penetrants of the invention are alkanol alkoxylates of the formula
R—O-(-AO)v—R′ (III)
in which
Alkanol alkoxylates of the kind in which R′ is hydrogen are referred to as “open” alkanol alkoxylates. One preferred group of penetrants are alkanol alkoxylates of the formula
R—O-(-EO—)n—R′ (III-a)
in which
A further preferred group of penetrants are alkanol alkoxylates of the formula
R—O-(-EO—)p—(—PO—)q—R′ (III-b)
in which
A further preferred group of penetrants are alkanol alkoxylates of the formula
R—O—(—PO—)r-(EO—)s—R′ (III-c)
in which
A further preferred group of penetrants are alkanol alkoxylates of the formula
R—O-(-EO—)p—(—BO—)q—R′ (III-d)
in which
BO is
A further preferred group of penetrants are alkanol alkoxylates of the formula
R—O—(—BO—)r-(-EO—)s—R′ (III-e)
in which
A further preferred group of penetrants are alkanol alkoxylates of the formula
CH3—(CH2)t—CH2—O—(—CH2—CH2—O—)u—R′ (III-f)
in which
In the formulae indicated above,
As an example of an alkanol alkoxylate of the formula (III-c) mention may be made of 2-ethylhexyl alkoxylate of the formula
in which
and
the numbers 8 and 6 represent average values.
As an example of an alkanol alkoxylate of the formula (III-d) mention may be made of the formula
CH3—(CH2)10—O-(-EO—)6—(—BO—)2—CH3 (III-d-1)
in which
and
Particularly preferred alkanol alkoxylates of the formula (III-f) are compounds of this formula in which
Mention may be made with very particular preference of alkanol alkoxylate of the formula (III-f-1)
CH3—(CH2)t—CH2—O—(—CH2—CH2—O—)u—H (III-f-1)
in which
A general definition of the alkanol alkoxylates is given by the formulae above. These substances are mixtures of substances of the stated type with different chain lengths. The indices therefore have average values which may also deviate from whole numbers.
The alkanol alkoxylates of the formulae stated are known and in some cases are available commercially or can be prepared by known methods (cf. WO 98-35 553, WO 00-35 278 and EP-A 0 681 865).
Suitable penetrants also include, for example, substances which promote the availability of the compounds of the formula (I) in the spray coating. These include, for example, mineral or vegetable oils. Suitable oils are all mineral or vegetable oils—modified or otherwise—which can typically be used in agrochemical compositions. Mention may be made by way of example of sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, olive oil, castor oil, colza oil, maize seed oil, cotton seed oil and soybean oil, or the esters of said oils. Preference is given to rapeseed oil, sunflower oil and their methyl or ethyl esters.
The concentration of penetrant in the materials of the invention can be varied within a wide range. In the case of a formulated crop protection material it is in general 1% to 95%, preferably 1% to 55%, more preferably 15%-40% by weight. In the application-ready materials (spray liquors) the concentrations are generally between 0.1 and 10 g/l, preferably between 0.5 and 5 g/l.
Inventively emphasized combinations of active ingredient, salt and penetrant are listed in the table below. “as per test” means here that any compound that acts as a penetrant in the cuticle penetration test (Baur et al., 1997, Pesticide Science 51, 131-152) is suitable.
Crop protection materials of the invention may also comprise further components, examples being surfactants and/or dispersing assistants or emulsifiers.
Suitable nonionic surfactants and/or dispersing assistants include all substances of this type that can typically be used in agrochemical compositions. Preferably mention may be made of polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide block copolymers, polyethylene glycol ethers of linear alcohols, reaction products of fatty acids with ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide, and also polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, copolymers of polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone, and copolymers of (meth)acrylic acid and (meth)acrylic esters, and additionally alkyl ethoxylates and alkylaryl ethoxylates, which optionally may be phosphated and optionally may be neutralized with bases, mention being made, by way of example, of sorbitol ethoxylates, and, as well, polyoxyalkylenamine derivatives.
Suitable anionic surfactants include all substances of this type that can typically be used in agrochemical compositions. Preference is given to alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts of alkylsulphonic acids or alkylarylsulphonic acids.
A further preferred group of anionic surfactants and/or dispersing assistants are the following salts that are of low solubility in plant oil: salts of polystyrenesulphonic acids, salts of polyvinylsulphonic acids, salts of naphthalenesulphonic acid-formaldehyde condensation products, salts of condensation products of naphthalenesulphonic acid, phenolsulphonic acid and formaldehyde, and salts of ligninsulphonic acid.
Suitable additives which may be included in the formulations of the invention are emulsifiers, foam inhibitors, preservatives, antioxidants, colorants and inert filling materials.
Preferred emulsifiers are ethoxylated nonylphenols, reaction products of alkylphenols with ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide, ethoxylated arylalkylphenols, and also ethoxylated and propoxylated arylalkylphenols, and also sulphated or phosphated arylalkyl ethoxylates and/or arylalkyl ethoxy-propoxylates, mention being made by way of example of sorbitan derivatives, such as polyethylene oxide-sorbitan fatty acid esters, and sorbitan fatty acid esters.
Compositions of the invention may further comprise, as well as at least one compound of the formula (I), at least one further active herbicidal ingredient, preferably from the group consisting of acetochlor, acifluorfen (-sodium), aclonifen, alachlor, alloxydim (-sodium), ametryne, ami-carbazone, amidochlor, amidosulfuron, aminopyralid, anilofos, asulam, atrazine, azafenidin, azimsulfuron, beflubutamid, benazolin (-ethyl), benfuresate, bensulfuron (-methyl), bentazon, bencarbazone, benzfendizone, benzobicyclon, benzofenap, benzoylprop (-ethyl), bialaphos, bifenox, bispyribac (-sodium), bromobutide, bromofenoxim, bromoxynil, butachlor, butafenacil (-allyl), butroxydim, butylate, cafenstrole, caloxydim, carbetamide, carfentrazone (-ethyl), chlomethoxyfen, chloramben, chloridazon, chlorimuron (-ethyl), chlornitrofen, chlorsulfuron, chlortoluron, cinidon (-ethyl), cinmethylin, cinosulfuron, clefoxydim, clethodim, clodinafop (-propargyl), clomazone, clomeprop, clopyralid, clopyrasulfuron (-methyl), cloransulam (-methyl), cumyluron, cyanazine, cybutryne, cycloate, cyclosulfamuron, cycloxydim, cyhalofop (-butyl), 2,4-D, 2,4-DB, desmedipham, diallate, dicamba, dichlorprop (—P), diclofop (-methyl), diclosulam, diethatyl (-ethyl), difenzoquat, diflufenican, diflufenzopyr, dimefuron, dimepiperate, dimethachlor, dimethametryn, dimethenamid, dimexyflam, dinitramine, diphenamid, diquat, dithiopyr, diuron, dymron, epropodan, EPTC, esprocarb, ethalfluralin, ethametsulfuron (-methyl), ethofumesate, ethoxyfen, ethoxysulfuron, etobenzanid, fenoxaprop (—P-ethyl), fentrazamide, flamprop (-isopropyl, -isopropyl-L, -methyl), flazasulfuron, florasulam, fluazifop (—P-butyl), fluazolate, flucarbazone (-sodium), flufenacet, flumetsulam, flumiclorac (-pentyl), flumioxazin, flumipropyn, flumetsulam, fluometuron, fluorochloridone, fluoroglycofen (-ethyl), flupoxam, flupropacil, flurpyrsulfuron (-methyl, -sodium), flurenol (-butyl), fluridone, fluoroxypyr (-butoxypropyl, -meptyl), flurprimidol, flurtamone, fluthiacet (-methyl), fluthiamide, fomesafen, foramsulfuron, glufosinate (-ammonium), glyphosate (-isopropylammonium), halosafen, haloxyfop (-ethoxyethyl, —P-methyl), hexazinone, HOK-201, imazamethabenz (-methyl), imazamethapyr, imazamox, imazapic, imazapyr, imazaquin, imazethapyr, imazosulfuron, iodosulfuron (-methyl, -sodium), ioxynil, isopropalin, isoproturon, isouron, isoxaben, isoxachlortole, isoxaflutole, isoxapyrifop, lactofen, lenacil, linuron, MCPA, mecoprop, mefenacet, mesosulfurone, mesotrione, metamifop, metamitron, metazachlor, methabenzthiazuron, metobenzuron, metobromuron, (alpha-) metolachlor, metosulam, metoxuron, metribuzin, metsulfuron (-methyl), molinate, monolinuron, naproanilide, napropamide, neburon, nicosulfuron, norflurazon, orbencarb, orthosulfamuron, oryzalin, oxadiargyl, oxadiazon, oxasulfuron, oxaziclomefone, oxyfluorfen, paraquat, pelargonic acid, pendimethalin, pendralin, penoxsulam, pentoxazone, phenmedipham, picolinafen, pinoxaden, piperophos, pretilachlor, primisulfuron (-methyl), profluazol, prometryn, propachlor, propanil, propaquizafop, propisochlor, propoxycarbazone (-sodium), propyzamide, prosulfocarb, prosulfuron, pyraflufen (-ethyl), pyrasulfotole, pyrazogyl, pyrazolate, pyrazosulfuron (-ethyl), pyrazoxyfen, pyribenzoxim, pyributicarb, pyridate, pyridatol, pyriftalid, pyriminobac (-methyl), pyrimisulfan, pyrithiobac (-sodium), pyroxasulfone, quinchlorac, quinmerac, quinoclamine, quizalofop (—P-ethyl, —P-tefuryl), rimsulfuron, sethoxydim, simazine, simetryn, sulcotrione, sulfentrazone, sulfometuron (-methyl), sulfosate, sulfosulfuron, tebutam, tebuthiuron, tembotrione, tepraloxydim, terbuthylazine, terbutryn, thenylchlor, thiafluamide, thiazopyr, thidiazimin, thifensulfuron (-methyl), thiobencarb, tiocarbazil, topramezone, tralkoxydim, triallate, triasulfuron, tribenuron (-methyl), triclopyr, tridiphane, trifluralin, trifloxysulfuron, triflusulfuron (-methyl), tritosulfuron and the following four compounds
The examples which follow serve to illustrate the invention and should in no way be interpreted as being restrictive.
Seeds of monocot and dicot weeds and crop plants are sown in sandy loam soil in wood fibre pots or in plastic pots, and are covered with soil and cultivated under good growth conditions in the glasshouse and also, during the vegetation period, outdoors outside the glasshouse. 2-3 weeks after sowing, the trial plants are treated at the one- to three-leaf stage. The test compounds, formulated as wettable powders (WP) or liquids (EC), are applied by spraying to the plants and the soil surface in various doses, with a water application rate of 300 l/ha (converted) and with the addition of penetrants (0.2% to 0.4%) and where appropriate an ammonium salt. After the trial plants had stood in the glasshouse for about 3 to 4 weeks under optimum growth conditions, the activity of the products was rated visually in comparison to untreated controls (activity in %, i.e. 0%=no activity or as control, 100%=all plants died).
For rapeseed oil methyl ester (RME) the following tables specify concentration in % a.i. by volume for ammonium sulphate (AMS) in g/l in the spray liquor.
The following compounds showed an activity boost with ammonium sulphate in a trial in the stated application rates against Setaria viridis (SETVI):
The following compounds exhibited an activity boost in a trial with ammonium sulphate (AMS) against
ALOMY=Alopecurus myosuroides
AVEFA=Avena fatua
LOLMU=Lolium multiflorum
LOLRI=Lolium rigidum
The following compounds showed activity boosts in a trial with graduated concentrations of ammonium sulphate:
ALOMY=Alopecurus myosuroides
AVEFA=Avena fatua
LOLMU=Lolium multiflorum
SETVI=Setaria viridis
The compound (I-1-c-1) showed an activity boost in a trial with ammonium sulphate against
ALOMY=Alopecurus myosuroides
AVEFA=Avena fatua
LOLMU=Lolium multiflorum
SETVI=Setaria viridis
BROER=Bromus erectus
In plots measuring approximately 10 m2, in 9 trials, post-emergence treatments were carried out in 2-3 repetitions with compound (I-1-c-1). The weed population was the natural population and/or a sown population specifically geared to the objective. The active ingredient (I-1-c-1) was delivered as an EC formulation at the stated application rates with a penetrant of the formula (III-c-1) at a concentration of 0.3 g/l in 300 l of water, as a tank mix. In the elements of the trial with ammonium sulphate (AMS) the salt was added at 1 g/l to the spray liquor. Evaluation was made on the day of maximum activity. The activities reported in Table 5 are those obtained over the sum of all the trials.
AGRRE=Agropyron repens
ALOMY=Alopecurus myosuroides
AVEFA=Avena fatua
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 2005 059 471.9 | Dec 2005 | DE | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2006/011910 | 12/11/2006 | WO | 00 | 11/24/2008 |
