Patent Grant
9290318
The present invention relates to a hopper having a passage through which a medicine can be passed downward, and a medicine supply apparatus including the hopper.
A medicine dispensing and packing apparatus mounts therein a medicine supply apparatus. The medicine supply apparatus includes a hopper. The hopper has a passage through which a flowable medicine such as a powder medicine or a pill can be passed downward (for example, Patent Document 1).
When a medicine to be supplied to the hopper is changed to a medicine of a different type, a medicine before the change remaining in the hopper causes contamination. Thus, it is desirable to prevent a medicine from remaining in the hopper as much as possible.
Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid Open No. 2009-40506
Thus, there has been hitherto used a conventional method, which includes intermittently hitting and making an impact on the hopper so as to prevent a medicine from adhering to the hopper. However, this method generates significant noise due to hitting and provides an unpleasant feeling to an operator or the like around the apparatus.
Patent Document 1 proposes using a vibration motor to transmit vibration to a hopper. This can reduce noise as described above.
However, the invention according to Patent Document 1 does not consider a relationship between a material or a shape of the hopper itself and remaining of a medicine.
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a hopper to which a medicine is prevented from adhering by adding an external force, and a medicine supply apparatus including the hopper.
According to the first invention, there is provided a hopper having a passage through which a medicine can be passed downward, wherein the hopper is configured to cause rippling vibration on an inner surface thereof by an external force applied to the hopper.
According to this configuration, the rippling vibration generated in the hopper can apply a force to the medicine, thereby separating the medicine away from the inner surface of the hopper.
In the first invention, it may be configured so that the external force is vibration applied over the entire hopper, and the vibration of the external force is different from the vibration on the inner surface in terms of phase, amplitude, or cycle at a given time.
According to this configuration, the vibrations have different phases, amplitudes, or cycles. Thus, a force separating the medicine away from the inner surface of the hopper can be effectively applied to the medicine.
In the first invention, the hopper may be made of an elastic material.
According to this configuration, the hopper to which the medicine is prevented from adhering can be easily formed.
According to a second invention, there is provided a medicine supply apparatus including: the hopper; and a vibrator that provides vibration to the hopper.
According to this configuration, the vibrator provides rippling vibration to the inner surface of the hopper to apply a force to the medicine to separate the medicine away from the inner surface of the hopper.
In the second invention, the medicine supply apparatus may further include a hopper holder that holds the hopper, wherein the hopper holder includes the vibrator.
According to this configuration, the hopper holder and the vibrator generate rippling vibration on the inner surface of the hopper to apply a force to the medicine to separate the medicine away from the inner surface of the hopper.
In the second invention, the hopper holder may be supported by a vertically displaceable spring.
According to this configuration, larger vibration can be generated in the hopper.
In the second invention, the hopper holder holds the hopper at a portion between an upper end and a lower end of the hopper.
According to this configuration, a shape of the hopper can be simplified.
According to the present invention, the hopper to which the medicine is prevented from easily adhering by adding an external force, and a medicine supply apparatus including the hopper can be provided.
Now, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. First, a hopper 1 will be described. The hopper 1 and an opening and closing portion 2 described later constitute a medicine supply apparatus A. As shown in
—Configuration of Hopper—
The hopper 1 of this embodiment has a shape as shown in
In this embodiment, the hopper 1 is made of rubber (more specifically, silicon rubber), and the hopper 1 is entirely integrally formed. The rubber is thus used to make it possible to easily form the hopper 1, and manufacture the hopper 1 to which a medicine is prevented from adhering at low cost. The integral forming of the hopper 1 can eliminate a joint or a step in the inner surface 1b, thereby preventing the medicine from easily remaining on the inner surface 1b. In addition, no member is provided that constitutes an opening and closing mechanism in the space through which the medicine passes in the passage 1a as described above. Thus, in the hopper 1 of this embodiment, a path through which the medicine passes does not include a portion on which the medicine may remain. Thus, the medicine is prevented from easily remaining in the entire hopper 1. The hopper 1 can be easily manufactured. Only the hopper 1 can be easily removed from the medicine supply apparatus A, thereby facilitating maintenance. Since the hopper 1 is integrally formed, rippling vibration generated on the inner surface 1b by an external force X as described later hardly attenuates during transmission, thereby allowing the vibration to be efficiently transmitted to the entire hopper 1.
However, the present invention is not limited to the hopper 1 integrally formed, but separate members may be combined to form the hopper. Also, the hopper 1 may be made of various materials as long as the materials can generate rippling vibration on the inner surface 1b of the hopper 1. The materials include, for example, metal or hard resin, or paper, and an elastic member such as rubber is particularly desirably used.
The inner surface 1b of the hopper 1 of this embodiment is subjected to surface treatment to reduce friction between the inner surface 1b and the medicine passing through the passage 1a. This prevents the medicine from easily remaining on the inner surface 1b of the hopper 1. The surface treatment is a coating of a material different from a material of the hopper 1 (for example, resin coating) in this embodiment. Alternatively, the surface treatment may be chemical treatment by melting the inner surface 1b using a chemical agent or the like, or physical treatment by sandblasting of the inner surface 1b as long as friction between the inner surface 1b and the medicine can be reduced.
—Hopper Body—
The hopper body 11 has a trumpet shape spreading upward, and has a substantially square lateral cross sectional shape in this embodiment. The hopper body 11 includes a relatively thick and rigid frame 111 formed in outer edges and four corners, and relatively thin and low rigid flat plate portions 112 surrounded by the frame 111. The frame 111 is provided to retain the shape. More specifically, the frame 111 is provided to prevent the hopper 1 from being deformed by a self-weight of the hopper 1, and a weight and drop pressure of the medicine passing through the passage 1a. The flat plate portion 112 has relatively lower rigidity in order to save materials and also for a vibrator 32 described later to vibrate the hopper 1 and ripple the inner surface 1b in the flat plate portion 112 to shake off a remaining medicine.
In the hopper body 11, a plate-like holder mounting portion 113 protrudes from an outer surface. The holder mounting portion 113 is used to secure the hopper 1 to the medicine supply apparatus A. In this embodiment, the holder mounting portion 113 horizontally protrudes from the hopper body 11 along its entire circumference, but may have various shapes as long as it can secure the hopper 1. The holder mounting portion 113 may be provided in any position from an upper end to a lower end of the hopper body 11.
—Nozzle—
The nozzle 12 is provided to be continuous with the lower end of the hopper body 11 with a lateral cross sectional area of the passage 1a decreasing downward. The lower end of the nozzle 12 is opened to be the medicine output port 121. The lower end is diagonally cut so that, as shown in
—Deformable Portion—
In this embodiment, the hopper 1 is integrally formed of silicon rubber, and thus the nozzle 12 is naturally made of silicon rubber. Thus, the entire nozzle 12 is a deformable portion 122 having flexibility, and the deformable portion 122 is deformable so as to open and close the passage 1a. The passage 1a is opened and closed by the opening and closing portion 2 described later. However, unlike this embodiment, an aspect in which the passage 1a is not opened and closed may be allowed as in an embodiment in
The wording “opening and closing” may include three meanings: (1) the passage 1a is forcedly opened and closed, (2) the passage 1a is forcedly closed and naturally opened by an elastic force or the like of the deformable portion 122, and (3) the passage 1a is forcedly opened and naturally closed by the elastic force or the like of the deformable portion 122. A case where the passage 1a is kept half opened or half closed is also included. Thus, the aspect in which the passage 1a is closed is not limited to the passage 1a being fully closed, but includes the passage 1a being closed with an opening such that the medicine cannot be taken out. On the other hand, an aspect in which the passage 1a is opened has the passage 1a being slightly opened so that the medicine can substantially pass through.
In this embodiment, the passage 1a in the deformable portion 122 is configured to be opened when no external force is applied to the deformable portion 122, and forcedly closed by the opening and closing portion 2 described later. On the contrary, the deformable portion 122 may be configured so that the passage 1a is closed when no external force is applied to the deformable portion 122, and opened by the opening and closing portion 2.
—Lock Portion—
The deformable portion 122 includes a lock portion 123 on an outer surface. The lock portion 123 is used for deforming the deformable portion 122 in a direction of opening the passage 1a. As shown in
The lock portion 123 may lock the opening and closing operation portion 21 so that the deformable portion 122 operates in association with the operation of the opening and closing operation portion 21, using various means such as bonding, clasping, or fitting. In this embodiment, the lock portion 123 has a pocket shape, and in removal of the hopper 1, the hanging portion 213 on the opening and closing operation portion 21 is unlocked from the lock portion 123 by simply moving the hopper 1 upward. This facilitates removal of the hopper 1, and thus facilitates cleaning of the hopper 1. In some cases, the lock portion 123 may be provided in the nozzle 12.
With reference to
The material and the shape of the hopper 1 have been described above. In summary, the material and the shape of the hopper 1 may be selected to have rigidity such that when the external force X is applied to the hopper 1, the inner surface 1b is elastically deformed to cause rippling vibration. Since this rigidity cannot be converted into number, the material and the shape of the hopper 1 according to this embodiment are listed below as an example of the hopper 1 having such rigidity (sizes of another embodiment shown in
Property Before Hardening
Plasticity (Williams re-kneading, after 10 minutes) 240
Property after hardening (measured using a test piece of 2 mm thick)
Density 1.14 g/cm3, hardness (JIS type A) 52, tensile strength 8.2 MPa, stretch in cutting 325%, tearing strength 23 kN/m
The property after hardening was measured using a test piece of 2 mm thick.
Size of Each Part (Outer Size)
Vertical entire length: 186 mm
Vertical size of hopper body 11: 68 mm
Upper end size of hopper body 11: 123 mm×123 mm
Lower end size of hopper body 11: 63 mm (front)×53 mm (side)
Size from upper end of hopper body 11 to upper end of holder mounting portion 113: 35.6 mm
Width of frame 111: 7.5 mm
Lower end size of nozzle 12 (maximum size): 33.5 mm (front)×26.5 mm (side)
Thickness: the whole . . . 0.6 mm, frame 111 and upper reinforcing portion 114 . . . 1.8 mm, frame 111 at upper end of hopper body 11 . . . 2 mm, lower edge 121a and reinforcing portion (blowout preventing portion) 124a . . . 1.1 mm, holder mounting portion 113 (base side) . . . 2 mm, holder mounting portion 113 (portion held by securing clip 311) . . . 4 mm
—Behavior of Hopper by External Force—
The hopper 1 is formed as described above, and the external force X is applied to the hopper 1 to cause rippling vibration on the inner surface 1b. The external force X is vibration applied to the entire hopper 1 by a vibrator 32 described later in this embodiment.
The “external force (X)” is not limited to vibration having constant amplitude and frequency as vibration generated by a vibration motor that is the vibrator 32 in this embodiment. The “external force (X)” may be vibration with changing amplitude and frequency, or an impact generated, for example, by a solenoid (in other words, an intermittent impact with changing amplitude and frequency, which can be regarded as one type of vibration).
Various types of “rippling vibration” are conceivable, and include, as examples, vibration having a different phase, different amplitude, or a different cycle (frequency) at the same time from those of the vibration of the external force X. In other words, the vibration is generated on the inner surface 1b of the hopper 1 in the case where vibrations have different phases at the same time such as the case where the vibration generated on the inner surface 1b of the hopper 1 has a different waveform from that of the vibration of the external force X, or the case where the vibration has the same waveform but a different peak time of the waveform. The amplitude and the cycle (frequency) of vibration having changing waveform with time can be determined from average values of amplitudes and cycles (frequencies) within a time range from a certain time to a time after a predetermined time.
By the rippling vibration thus generated, as shown in
In order to effectively shake off the medicine M from the inner surface 1b of the hopper 1, the vibration on the inner surface 1b is desirably vibration that can apply, to the medicine M, a separation force Z stronger than adhesion (frictional force or the like) of the medicine M to the inner surface 1b. However, even if a separation force Z weaker than the adhesion is applied to the medicine M, an operation to reduce adhesion of the medicine M to the inner surface 1b can be achieved. Thus, such a weak separation force Z is not useless but is effective to some extent. As in this embodiment, the inner surface 1b is desirably subjected to surface treatment to reduce adhesion of the medicine M to the inner surface 1b.
The vibration to apply the “separation force Z stronger than the adhesion” to the medicine M has, for example, a waveform with large amplitude or a short cycle.
The hopper 1 of the this embodiment is made of silicon rubber, and as shown in
Since the hopper 1 of this embodiment is made of silicon rubber and has flexibility or is soft, as shown in
In this embodiment, the inner surface 1b of the entire hopper 1 (the hopper body 11 and the nozzle 12) vibrates in a rippling manner, but not limited to this. For example, if there is a spot in the hopper 1 to which the medicine M easily adheres in terms of arrangement of the hopper 1 in the medicine supply apparatus A, rippling vibration may be intensively generated on the inner surface 1b of the spot, or rippling vibration may be generated only on the inner surface 1b of the spot in some cases. This can be achieved by changing the shape of the hopper 1 to locally form a portion having high rigidity, or partially using a material hard to vibrate or a material that absorbs vibration.
—Medicine Supply Apparatus and Medicine Dispensing and Packing Apparatus—
Next, the medicine supply apparatus A and the medicine dispensing and packing apparatus will be described. The medicine supply apparatus A includes the hopper 1, and the opening and closing portion 2 that opens and closes the passage 1a so that a predetermined amount of medicine can be taken out. The medicine dispensing and packing apparatus includes the medicine supply apparatus A, and a dispensing and packing apparatus B for packing the medicine supplied by the medicine supply apparatus A using the packing paper P. The dispensing and packing apparatus B center-folds, in a width direction, the packing paper P continuously supplied in a length direction, packs a medicine for one pack supplied from a medicine supply container with the packing paper P, and then bonding a circumference of the packing paper P by heat sealing or the like. Essential portions of the medicine dispensing and packing apparatus are shown in
As shown in the Figure, the lower end of the nozzle 12 in the hopper 1 is located to be held by the center-folded packing paper P. An end surface shape of the medicine output port 121 is an isosceles triangle as shown in
—Hopper Holder—
As shown in
The hopper holder 31 is supported by a vertically displaceable spring 33. The spring 33 operates to vibrate the hopper 1 as described later, and operates as means (vibration insulating means) for preventing the vibration by the vibrator 32 from being transmitted to portions other than the medicine supply apparatus A of the medicine dispensing and packing apparatus.
In this embodiment, a coil spring is used as the spring 33. The coil springs are connected to a base 4 secured to the apparatus at four places: two on one side and two on the other side of the hopper holder 31 having a rectangular frame shape. The spring 33 is not limited to the coil spring, but may be various springs such as a leaf spring. It is desirable that the spring 33 mainly vibrates in an axial (vertical) direction, and does not substantially vibrate in a radial direction (horizontal direction). In this embodiment, the coil spring is used as it is, but a guide may be provided that allows vertical vibration while positively regulating vibration in the radial direction (horizontal direction) of the coil spring such as by providing a cylindrical inner guide inside the coil spring, or providing a cylindrical outer guide outside the coil spring.
—Vibrator—
The hopper holder 31 in this embodiment includes the vibrator 32 that vibrates the hopper 1. For the vibrator 32 in this embodiment, a vibration motor having an eccentric weight mounted to a rotating shaft of the motor is used as a vibration source to generate vibration having constant amplitude and frequency. The vibrator 32 may be conventional means for generating an impact using a solenoid or the like. The vibrator 32 may be means for generating vibration using an electromagnet or the like.
In this embodiment, the vibrator 32 operates in association with the dispensing and packing apparatus B. Specifically, the vibrator 32 operates at timing when a medicine is supplied from the medicine output port 121 in the hopper 1 to the dispensing and packing apparatus B. The vibrator 32 may be manually operated without operating in association with the dispensing and packing apparatus B, or in some cases, the vibrator 32 may be always operated during power-on of the medicine dispensing and packing apparatus.
As described above, the hopper holder 31 is supported by the spring 33, and thus the vibration generated by the vibrator 32 vibrates the hopper holder 31 and thus vibrates the hopper 1. Thus, as compared to the hopper holder 31 being secured, larger vibration can be generated in the hopper 1. This can effectively shake off the medicine M remaining in the hopper 1.
As shown in
Thus, in this embodiment, the vibration in the hopper 1 generated by the transmitted vibration by the vibrator 32 is mainly vertical vibration by the operation of the spring 33. It is assumed that the vibration in the hopper 1 is the vertical vibration plus slight rotational vibration around a vertical axis based on the hopper holder 31 being supported by the springs 33 at four places, and the position closer to the corner of the hopper holder 31 being the vibration generating position due to the biased securing position of the vibrator 32.
In this embodiment in which the vibration as described above is transmitted to the hopper 1, it is assumed that a predetermined spot of the hopper 1 follows “a vertical trajectory along the vertical axis plus a slight rotational trajectory around the axis” by the vibration.
As described above, the vibration in the hopper 1 is a combination of the vertical vibration and the rotational vibration around the vertical axis. This can effectively shake off the medicine M remaining on the hopper 1. Since such combined vibration is generated in the hopper 1, the vibrator 32 is desirably provided in a biased position of the hopper holder 31.
The vertical vibration in the hopper 1 attenuates as being transmitted through the hopper holder 31, and is assumed to be larger in a position closer to the vibrator 32. Thus, the vibration in the hopper 1 may be uneven depending on positions. Thus, the uneven vibration can also effectively shake off the medicine M remaining in the hopper 1.
—Opening and Closing Operation Portion—
As shown in
The pressing portions 211, 211 are provided on the outside of the packing paper P because if the pressing portions 211, 211 are located within lines (a range of the chain double-dashed lines in
The opening and closing operation portion 21 is provided above the lower end of the hopper 1. Thus, the opening and closing operation portion 21 is separated from the medicine passing through the passage 1a by the hopper 1, and the medicine does not remain around the opening and closing operation portion 21. The opening and closing operation portion 21 is provided as close as possible to the lower end of the hopper 1 so as to reduce a dropping distance of the medicine, and prevent “blowout” of the medicine.
In this embodiment, the driving portion 22 is provided on a lateral side of the nozzle 12. The opening and closing operation portion 21 on a right side in the Figure is moved to left in the Figure when the passage 1a of the hopper 1 is closed, and the opening and closing operation portion 21 on a left side in the Figure is moved to right in the Figure when the passage 1a of the hopper 1 is closed. The driving portion 22 is driven by a motor, and meshing of gear (not shown) moves the coupling portions 214 to left and right in the Figure. During the movement, the pressing portions 211, 211 are kept in parallel with each other.
The shape and the operation of the pressing portion 211 are not limited to those in this embodiment, but may be changed in various manners. For example, the pressing portion 211 includes a cantilevered pressing portion, a pressing portion by cylinder driving, and a pressing portion having a hinge at one end and pivotally moved. In short, the pressing portion 211 may be changed in any manners as long as it moves relative to the deformable portion 122, and can deform the deformable portion 122 so as to open and close the passage 1a. Only an operation in a pressing direction (direction approaching the deformable portion 122) may be performed by the driving portion 22, and an operation in an opposite direction may be performed by repulsion of a spring or the like (rather than by the driving portion 22).
In a case where the deformable portion 122 of the hopper 1 is configured to be closed when an external force is not applied to the passage 1a, and opened by the opening and closing portion 2, for example, only a hanging portion 213 described later may be provided to open the passage 1a without providing the pressing portion 211 in the opening and closing operation portion 21.
—Cushioning Portion—
Each of the pressing portions 211, 211 in this embodiment includes an elastic cushioning portion 212 on an inner surface (that is, a portion facing the deformable portion 122 of the hopper 1). The cushioning portion 212 can absorb unevenness in thickness of the deformable portion 122 due to a formation error of the hopper 1. Specifically, if the pressing portions 211, 211 that are made of metal and are not elastic as in this embodiment directly press the deformable portion 122 when the deformable portion 122 has an uneven thickness over the entire circumference, it is difficult to achieve close contact of the deformable portion 122 to fully close the passage 1a. Thus, the cushioning portion 212 can press a portion with a smaller thickness in the deformable portion 122 with a relatively large force. The cushioning portion 212 can press a portion with a larger thickness in the deformable portion 122 with a relatively small force. This can fully close the passage 1a. In some cases, the cushioning portion 212 may be provided on an inner surface of any one of the pressing portions 211, 211.
In order to achieve close contact of the deformable portion 122 to close the passage 1a, the end of the passage 1a needs to be deformed to be folded. Thus, in order to fully close the passage 1a, a pressing force at the end of the passage 1a needs to be larger than a pressing force at a center portion of the passage 1a. Thus, in this embodiment, a cushioning portion 212a closer to the center portion in an extending direction of the pressing portions 211, 211 has higher elasticity than cushioning portions 212b closer to opposite ends. In other words, the cushioning portion 212a closer to the center portion is softer than the cushioning portions 212b closer to the opposite ends. In this embodiment, the cushioning portion 212a closer to the center portion is made of sponge, and the cushioning portions 212b closer to the opposite ends are made of rubber. Thus, a larger pressing force can be applied to the ends of the passage 1a in a state, thereby reliably closing the passage 1a. In this embodiment, in order to provide a balance of pressing forces, the cushioning portion 212a closer to the center portion is thicker than the cushioning portions 212b closer to the opposite ends. Thus, the cushioning portion 212a closer to the center portion first presses the center portion of the deformable portion 122, and then a little late, the cushioning portions 212b closer to the opposite ends press the opposite end portions of the deformable portion 122. Thus, the passage 1a can be reliably closed without uneven close contact.
The pressing portion 211 of each of the opening and closing operation portions 21, 21 in this embodiment includes the hanging portion 213 formed integrally therewith to protrude upward. As shown in
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2010-197383 | Sep 2010 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2011/069907 | 9/1/2011 | WO | 00 | 3/1/2013 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
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| WO2012/029908 | 3/8/2012 | WO | A |
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| Number | Date | Country | |
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| 20130161356 A1 | Jun 2013 | US |
