Patent Application
20230323913
The present invention relates to a joint for a device moveable in vacuum, the joint comprising a supporting part, a mobile part and a guiding and connecting part, wherein the mobile part and the supporting part each have a convex shape, with the convex shapes of the mobile part and of the supporting part facing one another and with the guiding and connecting part being arranged, in particular clamped, between the convex shape of the supporting part and of the mobile part, wherein the guiding and connecting part has a greater bending elasticity than either of the supporting part and the mobile part. The invention further relates to a mechanism for moving a device in vacuum, the mechanism comprising a plurality of joints and to a device comprising a plurality of joints and/or a mechanism, with the device being configured to be moved in a vacuum.
Vacuum, and in particular ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) is used to provide extremely clean environments for many technologically important processes such as purification or film deposition. Machines that provide ultrahigh vacuum often need to include means to move parts within, e.g. to transfer a substrate between different deposition chambers. To not detrimentally affect the low background pressure of such an environment, moving parts should not emit gases or particles. This prohibits the use of lubricants, and requires the absence of gliding friction to prevent abrasion. A mechanism for linear and quasilinear motion in UHV is disclosed in the prior art, which is based on spheres, concave surfaces and (usually magnetic) forces that stabilize the motion.
Precise movements in ultraclean environments require motions without mechanical play. At the same time, these movements should require the least possible force to operate. In particular, no work should be dissipated into friction and in particular gliding friction. Gliding friction leads to wear of the components, which can be dramatic in vacuum environments where no lubrication is possible. Gliding friction also leads to the generation of particles that contaminate the environment if, e.g., they end up on wafer surfaces or in evaporation materials. Gliding friction also leads to heating of the components gliding on each other, which results in outgassing and thereby further contamination of the vacuum environment.
At the same time, relatively large forces may be required to manipulate objects in UHV; as many of the best UHV compatible construction materials such as Ta, Mo or Al2O3 have a high density. Accelerating, decelerating and lifting such components requires substantial forces. Highly precise joints in UHV; e.g. in piezo actuators or diffractometers, are often made as flexible bridges machined out of the same block together with both parts moving relative to each other.
In such mechanisms, however, the bending bridge not only serves to allow for the movement, but it also serves to guide and position the parts relative to each other. There is therefore a conflict between making the bridge as thin as possible to allow for easy movement without strong elastic restoring forces, and the requirement of a thick bridge that is able to support the required loads, in particular for the case of compressive loads. In addition, such mechanisms, being machined out of a single piece of material, require a compromise between ideal elastic properties in the bridge and other material properties such as easy machinability in the other regions.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a joint, in particular for movement in UHV, which is as gliding-friction-free, play-free, as possible and is capable of strong-force movement while being capable of precisely supporting heavy loads.
This object is satisfied by a joint having the features of claim 1.
Such a joint for a device moveable in vacuum may comprise a supporting part, a mobile part and a guiding and connecting part, wherein the mobile part and the supporting part each have at least a region of convex shape, with the regions of convex shape of the mobile part and of the supporting part facing one another and with the guiding and connecting part being arranged, in particular clamped, between the regions of convex shape, wherein the guiding and connecting part has a greater bending elasticity than either of the supporting part and the mobile part and the guiding and connecting part has a reduced thickness in comparison to the supporting part and the mobile part, and wherein the mobile part can move relative to the supporting part.
In this connection it should be noted that the supporting part and the mobile part comprise a region of convex shape, i.e. a respective part of the supporting part and of the mobile part has a convex shape. Alternatively the supporting part and/or the mobile part may be completely of convex shape, i.e. have an arc-shaped outer shape, a cylindrical outer shape, a round outer shape, an oval outer shape, a spherical outer shape etc. and combinations of the foregoing.
In this connection it should be noted that the guiding and connecting part enables the mobile part to move relative to the supporting part. Since the guiding and connecting part is preferably arranged directly between, i.e. clamped directly between the mobile part and the supporting part, the mobile part can rotate relative to the supporting part, while the mobile part and the supporting part are in constant contact with the guiding and connecting part such that the joint is play-free. Thus, the guiding and connecting part connects the mobile part to the supporting part and as it has a greater bending flexibility in comparison to the supporting part and the mobile part it can also guide the movement of the mobile part relative to the supporting part.
It should further be noted that the supporting part may generally hold the joint in position while the mobile part moves, i.e. is mobile, relative to the supporting part, while the supporting part supports the movement of the mobile part via the guiding and connecting part.
A joint is thus described which allows the limited relative rotation of bodies without gliding friction and without mechanical play. It works without lubricants, and is therefore particularly suitable for motions in vacuum where the use of lubricants as well as the generation of particles is unfavorable. The motion is allowed and guided by an elastically deformed sheet, i.e. the guiding and connecting part, that is rigidly attached at different points to the bodies rotating relative to each other. The sheet can be in direct contact with both bodies at all times, defining a unique path of motion, i.e. a part which guides the motion of the two bodies. The joint does not have fixed rotation axes.
The present invention is based on thin, elastic sheets of metals or similarly stable materials, preferably made of spring metal. Belts are known to transmit forces between rotating bodies, but they do not define the rotation as the bodies have rotation axes that remain at the same position within the bodies. Bendable elastic sheets are used as low friction joints, e.g. to suspend pendulums in clocks. In such joints, however, the motion of the moving part is not unique, as the bending of the sheet is not guided, and its elasticity may lead to oscillations in the plane of rotation.
The proposed solution thus separates the functions gliding-friction-free, play-free, strong-force movement from the function of precise support of heavy loads. It makes use of the properties of thin sheets, in particular sheets of metal. Such sheets can support strong tensile forces in the plane of the sheet. At the same time, they also support strong compressive forces perpendicular to the plane of the sheet. They are not very strong against compressive forces in the plane of the sheet, which may lead to crumpling of the material.
The region of convex shape of at least one of the mobile part and the supporting part may have an arcuate shape. In this way a rotational motion of the mobile part relative to the supporting part can be pre-defined. Preferably the regions of convex shape have the shape of at least a part cylinder such that the motion of the mobile part relative to the supporting part can also be supported in a plane perpendicular to the direction of motion of the mobile part relative to the supporting part.
The respective region of convex shape of the mobile part and of the supporting part is formed by bending a respective first part of the region of convex shape relative to a second part of the region of convex shape, with the bend being selected in the range of 10 to 80°. In this way a joint can be formed that has a range of motion between 10 and 80°, so that if two joints are used in a mechanism a range of rotation can be selected in the range of 20 to 160°. The mobile part can rotate relative to the supporting part, with a range of rotation being selected in the range of 20 to 160°.
The region of convex shape of the mobile part and of the supporting part may be formed such that the mobile part and the supporting part each have a surface forming a part cylindrical axis. The surfaces thereby define the movement range of the mobile part relative to the supporting part, by forming these such that they have a part cylindrical axis the rotational motion of the mobile part relative to the supporting part can be improved and supported also in a direction perpendicular to the plane of motion.
Preferably a plane containing the part cylindrical axes of the surfaces of the mobile part and the supporting part contain contact lines of the mobile part and the supporting part with the guiding and connecting part. Thus, as the mobile part moves relative to the supporting part the position of the axis of rotation shifts relative to its previous position in a controlled manner, i.e. the plane comprising the contact lines rotates while the mobile part rotates relative to the supporting part.
The guiding and connecting part may have a bending elasticity which is at least twice the bending elasticity of the mobile part and/or of the supporting part. This means that the guiding and connecting part will bend twice as much, and/or twice as fast as one of the mobile part and/or of the supporting part while it is subjected to the same load. Thereby the joint can be formed as play-free and as gliding friction free as possible.
The guiding and connecting part, the mobile part and the supporting part may be made from the same material. In this way the complete joint can be made from metal and the increase in bending elasticity of the guiding and connecting part can be achieved by selecting the relative thicknesses of the parts of the joint.
The guiding and connecting part, the mobile part and the supporting part are made in one piece. In this way the parts can be formed from one piece of material and the interface surfaces between the respective part have a shape tailored to one another whose quality is defined by the cutting process used to cut the parts and to form the interface surfaces.
The guiding and connecting part, the mobile part and the supporting part are separate components. In this way the components can be formed separate from one another and be tailored to their specific function, e.g. a comparatively hard material can be used for the supporting part and optionally also for the mobile part, whereas a softer, more flexible material can be employed for the guiding and connecting part to define the increased bending elasticity in the guiding and connecting part.
The mobile part may comprise a material selected from the group of members consisting of metal, such as stainless steel, steel, aluminium, aluminium alloys, non-ferrous alloys, high temperature alloys, carbon steels, high carbon steels, steel alloys, aluminium bronze, nickel, nickel alloys, brass, oxygen-free copper, titanium, niobium, molybdenum, tantalum, plastic, such as, polyether ether ketone, polycarbonate, polyoxymethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, vespel polyimide, glass, wood, ceramic material, silicon and combinations of the foregoing. The supporting part may comprise a material selected from the group of members consisting of metal, such as stainless steel, steel, aluminium, aluminium alloys, non-ferrous alloys, high temperature alloys, carbon steels, high carbon steels, steel alloys, aluminium bronze, nickel, nickel alloys, brass, oxygen-free copper, titanium, niobium, molybdenum, tantalum, plastic, such as, polyether ether ketone, polycarbonate, polyoxymethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, vespel polyimide, glass, wood, ceramic material, silicon and combinations of the foregoing. The guiding and connecting part may comprise a material selected from the group of members consisting of stainless steel, steel, aluminium, aluminium alloys, non-ferrous alloys, high temperature alloys, carbon steels, high carbon steels, steel alloys, aluminium bronze, nickel, nickel alloys, brass, oxygen-free copper, titanium, niobium, molybdenum, tantalum, polyether ether ketone, polycarbonate, polyoxymethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, vespel polyimide, silicon and combinations of the foregoing. In this way joints can be formed that can be as gliding-friction-free, play-free, as possible and can be capable of strong-force movement while being capable of precisely supporting heavy loads and that can be used for micro-machines, such as miniature medical robots, as joints used for devices in UHV applications and also as joints used in construction machinery such as cranes.
The guiding and connecting part may have a thickness selected in the range of 0.02 μm to 5 cm, in particular 1 to 100 μm. A thickness of the mobile part may be selected in the range of 0.04 μm to 100 cm, in particular in the range of 0.5 to 2 mm. A thickness of the supporting part may be selected in the range of 0.04 μm to 100 cm, in the range of 0.5 to 2 mm. In this way joints can be formed that can be used for micro-machines, such as miniature medical robots, as joints used for devices in UHV applications and also as joints used in construction machinery such as cranes.
The guiding and connecting part may be fastened to at least one of the mobile part and the supporting part. In this way the guiding function of the guiding and connecting part can be improved leading to an even more play-free and gliding friction-free joint as possible.
One or more ends of the guiding and connecting part may be fastened to at least one of the mobile part and the supporting part. Connecting the ends of the guiding and connecting part to the mobile part and/or the supporting part ensures a relative motion of the mobile part relative to the supporting part between the ends of the guiding and connecting part. In this connection it should be noted that the guiding and connecting part may be fastened to at least one of the mobile part and the supporting part by at least one of spot welding, welding, soldering, brazing, screwing, bonding and riveting. Such fastening techniques can be easily employed on forming the joint.
According to a further aspect the present invention relates to a mechanism for moving a device in vacuum, the mechanism comprising a plurality of joints.
A mechanism is thus proposed that separates the functions gliding-friction-free, play-free, strong-force movement from the function precise support of heavy loads. It makes use of the properties of thin sheets, in particular sheets of metal. Such sheets can support strong tensile forces in the plane of the sheet. At the same time, they also support strong compressive forces perpendicular to the plane of the sheet. They are not very strong against compressive forces in the plane of the sheet, which may lead to crumpling of the material.
The mechanism may comprise four joints to form a rectangular, square shaped or parallelogram based mechanism. In order to stabilize the motion in the third dimension, the mechanism may extend uniformly in the width dimension, preferentially by about the same amount as the vertical sizes of the mechanism. In this connection the mechanism may be a parallelogram mechanism with one side of the parallelogram mechanism being held fixed to a further component and the plurality of joints being arranged at the edges of the parallelogram mechanism. Such mechanisms have been found to be suitable mechanism for devices operable in UHV.
The parallelogram mechanism may be configured to be moved to and fro in one direction relative to the one side of the parallelogram mechanism held fixed to the further component. In this way a gliding friction free and play-free movement can be pre-defined in one or more directions of movement.
According to a further aspect the present invention relates to a device comprising a plurality of joints and/or a mechanism, with the device being configured to be moved in a vacuum. In this way a device can be formed which is gliding friction free and play-free that can support heavy loads also in vacuum conditions.
The device may further comprise an actuation mechanism, with the actuation mechanism being attached at the side of the mechanism held fixed to a further component. The actuation mechanism can be used to move a part of the device relative to another part in order to move the device in one or more directions.
The actuation mechanism may comprise a push rod. Push rods can direct the motion in one direction in a guided and precise manner.
The device may further comprise a support for linking the device to an applicator attached to a further side of the mechanism of the device remote from the side held fixed to a further component. In this way the device can be configured to move loads to and fro. In order to transport the loads the support may comprise at least one of a bracket, a fork, a plate, a holder, a table and a combination of the foregoing.
The support may be configured to make contact to the applicator in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement. In this way no gliding friction or the like arises when the device makes contact to the load which it can support. In this connection it should be noted that the applicator may comprise one of a source holder, an aperture, a source, a beam dump, a deflector and combinations of the foregoing. Such applicators are generally used in UHV applications, such as coating applications.
The invention will now be described in further detail by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings there are shown:
The guiding and connecting part 16 has a greater bending elasticity than either of the supporting part 12 and the mobile part 14 and the guiding and connecting part 16 has a reduced thickness in comparison to the supporting part 12 and the mobile part 14, and wherein the mobile part 14 can move relative to the supporting part 12.
The respective region 18, 20 of convex shape of at least one of the mobile part 14 and the supporting part 12 is formed by a part cylindrical surface 22, 24 having an arcuate shape. The rounded surface of the part cylindrical surfaces 22, 24 permit a rotation of the mobile part 14 relative to the supporting part 12 about a part cylindrical axis. The surface normal of the part cylindrical surfaces 22, 24 provides a support in the direction of the length of the respective part cylindrical surface 22, 24, i.e. in the axial direction of the part cylinder, so that the mobile part 14 rotates relative to the supporting part 12 and is at the same time axially supported.
In this connection it should be noted that a plane P containing the part cylindrical axes of the part cylindrical surfaces 22, 24 of the mobile part 14 and the supporting part 12 contain contact lines of the mobile part 14 and of the supporting part 12 with the guiding and connecting part 16.
On forming a joint the respective region 18, 20 of convex shape of the mobile part 14 and of the supporting part 12 is formed by bending a respective first part of the region 18, 20 of convex shape relative to a second part of the region 18, 20 of convex shape, with the bend being selected in the range of 10 to 80°. In this way the mobile part 14 can rotate by between 20 and 160° relative to the supporting part 12.
The top drawing shows a first position of movement of the mechanism 40 in which it is deflected upwardly, the middle drawing shows the mechanism 40 in its rest state, whereas the bottom drawing shows the mechanism deflected downwardly.
The mechanism comprises four sides 42, 44, 46, 48 with the first side 42 (i.e. the right side) being connected to a further component 50 held fixed in position and third side 46 disposed opposite the first side 42 to which a further component (not shown in
The plurality of joints 10 are arranged at edges 52, 54, 56, 58 of the mechanism 40. One of the supporting parts 12 of the four joints 10 of the mechanism 40 is formed at the side 42 fixed to a further component 50. A further one of the supporting part 12 of the four joints 10 of the mechanism 40 is formed at the side 46 configured to be connected to the support 106 (see
The mobile parts 14 of the respective joints 10 can hence move relative to both the further component 50 and the support 106. The parallelogram mechanism 40 is configured to be moved to and fro in one direction A relative to the one side 42 of the parallelogram mechanism 40 held fixed to the further component 50.
The individual joint 10 (
The cylindrical surfaces 22, 24 of the top and bottom parts 14, 12 facing the guiding and connecting part 16 define the range of rotation, in the present example both bends are 30°, resulting in a total range of rotation of at most 60°. The plane containing the cylinder axes of these surfaces 22, 24 also contains both contact lines of the upper and lower parts 14, 12 with the elastic sheet 16 (
Approximately halfway between these contact lines is the momentary axis of rotation between the upper and lower parts 12, 14. During rotation, this rotation axis moves along the surface approximately halfway between the upper and lower surfaces of the elastic material, i.e. of the guiding and connecting part 16, and collinear with the axes of the cylindrical surfaces 22, 24. As an example for a small mechanism 40, the upper and lower parts 14, 12 may consist of stainless steel sheet metal 1 mm thick, the elastic sheet may have a thickness of 20 μm.
For a given position during the movement, the shaded rectangles 50 in
For the lower part 12, these originate in the lower left quadrant, directed at the end line of the contact surface between the lower part 12 and the elastic sheet 16. The mechanism 40 only works as intended if the force directions remain in these quadrants at all times throughout the movements. For many cases, such as the parallelogram mechanism 40 shown in
The joint 10 of
Preferentially, and as shown by the positions in
If operated near or beyond these points, the elastic sheet 16 may be bent sharply near its fastening points, and may eventually fail. Forces pointing towards the contact point in the lower right quadrant for the upper part and in the upper left quadrant for the lower part in
Finally, for both of the two cases discussed above, if the direction of the forces is reversed, the elastic sheet 16 will be compressively strained in plane, leading to bulging, crumpling and failure for already rather small forces.
For a joint 10 that needs to support forces in these directions, the attachment of the elastic sheet may be reversed as shown in
As indicated by the arrows in
In a complex mechanism 40 containing several joints 10, such as shown in
As further indicated in
The guiding and connecting part 16 is arranged between the respective regions of convex shape 18, 20, with a first border 32′ of the region 20 of convex shape of the supporting part coinciding with the end 30 of the supporting part 12, and a second border 32 of the region 20 of convex shape of the supporting part 12 being arranged symmetrically about the apex of the region 20 of convex shape with respect to the first border 32′ such that the region 20 of convex shape extends between the first and second borders 32′, 32, with its apex lying at least substantially equidistantly between the first and second borders 32′, 32.
The same is true with respect to first and second borders 36′, 36 of the region 18 of convex shape of the mobile part 14, i.e. the end 34 of the mobile part coincides with the first border 36′ of the region 18 of convex shape of the mobile part 14.
In contrast to this in the joint 10 of
The cylindrically bent surfaces 22, 24 of the upper and lower parts 14, 12 in contact with the elastic sheet 16 do not necessarily need to have a constant radius. A constant and identical radius for both surfaces 22, 24, however, is favorable since it leads to a constant maximum value for the elastic bending of the sheet 16 in both directions symmetric to its flat state.
The elastic sheet 16 wears due to internal friction and eventually crack formation leading to the rupture of the sheet 16. The sheet 16 should therefore preferably have smooth and rounded edges to hinder the nucleation of fatigue cracks at the edges. It should also vary only gradually, or not at all, in cross-section as cracks also tend to form at the points of largest cross-sectional change.
Most importantly, however, the radius of the cylindrical surfaces 22, 24 should be as large as possible for the given spatial constraints, and in relation to the sheet thickness. A larger radius leads to smaller bending, less internal friction, and thereby extends the lifetime of the mechanism. The cylindrical surfaces 22, 24 in contact with the elastic sheet 16 should also be as smooth as possible.
In this connection it should be noted that when reference is made to an elastic sheet 16, this means that the sheet 16 is more elastic in its bending properties than the respective supporting part 12 and mobile part 14.
In particular, the cylindrical surfaces 22, 24 should have as few as possible and preferably no localized protrusions or recesses that may cause uneven operation and might indent and damage the sheet 16.
In this connection it should further be noted that the guiding and connecting part 16 preferably has a bending elasticity which is at least twice the bending elasticity of the mobile part 14 and/or of the supporting part 12. However, the elasticity of the guiding and connecting part should not be so low, that this deforms when it contacts the mobile part 14 and the supporting part 12 respectively.
In this connection it should be noted that the guiding and connecting part 16, the mobile part 14 and the supporting part 12 are made from the same material, alternatively the guiding and connecting part 16 can be made from a different material as the mobile part 14 and the supporting part 12, it is also possible that all three of the guiding and connecting part 16, the mobile part 14 and the supporting part are each made from different materials, with each material being suited to its specific function. Since the guiding and connecting part 16 is required to have a bending elasticity it is favourable if this is made from a material typically employed for springs, such as spring metal.
The load limits of the joint 10 are given by the cross-section of the used elastic sheet 16 and the mechanical strength of the used elastic sheet 16. For a given strength, a lengthening of the sheet 16 normal to the image plane of the figures is preferred over using a thicker sheet, as the wear of the sheet 16 strongly increases with thickness for a given bend radius. The width of the sheet 16 also defines the ability of the mechanism 40 to provide lateral guidance, in the out-of-plane direction normal to the plane in which the movement takes place. The wider the sheet 16, the larger the lateral forces it can support. The width of the sheet 16 finds its limits in the available space, but also in the manufacturing tolerances of the parts, as deviations from the cylindrical shape of the surfaces 22, 24 in contact with the sheet 16 may strain the sheet 16, both locally and globally. One also has to take into account possible dynamical deformations of the upper and lower parts 12, 14 under heavy loads, leading to the same problem, however depending on the load during operation.
The guiding and connecting part 16, the mobile part 14 and the supporting part 12 shown in the foregoing are made from separate components that are connected to one another.
In the following an example of integrally formed joints 10 will be discussed in connection with
The drawings also suggest that one may fabricate the entire joint 10 from one single piece of material by cutting along the solid lines. While solving the problem of even attachment of the elastic sheet 16, this has also disadvantages. In particular, the cut surfaces between the sheet 16 and the upper and lower bent surfaces 22, 24 may not be smooth enough to allow for an evenly distributed pressure normal to the sheet 16, and facilitate the nucleation and propagation of cracks. In addition, the upper and lower parts 12, 14 of the joint 10 should be rigid, whereas the sheet 16 should be elastic. Cutting the parts 12, 14, 16 from the same material, this stiffness difference may be generated mostly by varying the relative thickness of the parts 12, 14, 16, which offers only a limited range of optimization. For ultra-small mechanisms 40 such as in micromechanics, however, this may be a way to go.
The parallelogram mechanism 40 based on the joints 10 according to the invention is shown in
The device 100 comprises an actuation mechanism 102, with the actuation mechanism 102 being attached at the side 42 of the mechanism 40 held fixed to a further component 50. Specifically some of the supporting parts 12 of the joints 10 of the mechanism 40 are connected to the actuation mechanism 102.
The actuation mechanism 102 comprises a push rod 104. The push rod 104 in use pushes the mechanism 40 to the left and the right in the drawing of
The side 46 of the mechanism 40 is connected to a support 106 for linking the device 100 to an applicator 108 (see
The support 106 shown in
Generally speaking the support 106 is configured to make contact to the applicator 108 in a direction perpendicular B to the direction A of movement, i.e. in a manner similar to a fork lift truck.
It should generally be noted that the guiding and connecting part 16 can have a thickness selected in the range of 0.02 82 m to 5 cm, in particular 1 to 100 μm. It should further generally be noted that a thickness of the mobile part 14 can be selected in the range of 0.04 μm to 100 cm, in particular in the range of 0.5 to 2 mm. It should further generally be noted that a thickness of the supporting part 12 can be selected in the range of 0.04 μm to 100 cm, in particular in the range of 0.5 to 2 mm.
The mobile part 14 may comprise, i.e. be made of, a material selected from the group of members consisting of metal, such as stainless steel, steel, aluminium, aluminium alloys, non-ferrous alloys, high temperature alloys, carbon steels, high carbon steels, steel alloys, aluminium bronze, nickel, nickel alloys, brass, oxygen-free copper, titanium, niobium, molybdenum, tantalum, plastic, such as, polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polycarbonate (PO), polyoxymethylene (POM), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), vespel polyimide, glass, wood, ceramic material, silicon and combinations of the foregoing.
The supporting part 12 may comprise, i.e. be made of, a material selected from the group of members consisting of metal, such as stainless steel, steel, aluminium, aluminium alloys, non-ferrous alloys, high temperature alloys, carbon steels, high carbon steels, steel alloys, aluminium bronze, nickel, nickel alloys, brass, oxygen-free copper, titanium, niobium, molybdenum, tantalum, plastic, such as, polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polycarbonate (PO), polyoxymethylene (POM), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), vespel polyimide, glass, wood, ceramic material, silicon and combinations of the foregoing.
The guiding and connecting part 16 may comprise, i.e. be made of, a material selected from the group of members consisting of stainless steel, steel, aluminium, aluminium alloys, non-ferrous alloys, high temperature alloys, carbon steels, high carbon steels, steel alloys, aluminium bronze, nickel, nickel alloys, brass, oxygen-free copper, titanium, niobium, molybdenum, tantalum, polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polycarbonate (PO), polyoxymethylene (POM), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), vespel polyimide, silicon and combinations of the foregoing.
The practical implementation of the mechanism 40 in a device 100 is shown in
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2020/068993 | 7/6/2020 | WO |
