Patent Application
20110254759
The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device.
Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) have been used in not only TV sets with a big screen but also small display devices such as the monitor screen of a cellphone. In an LCD, one pixel consists of three subpixels representing red (R), green (G) and blue (B) that are the three primary colors of light, and the difference in color between those red, green and blue subpixels is typically produced by color filters.
TN (twisted nematic) mode LCDs, which would often be used in the past, achieved relatively narrow viewing angles, but LCDs of various other modes with wider viewing angles have recently been developed one after another. Examples of those wider viewing angle modes include IPS (in-plane switching) mode and VA (vertical alignment) mode. Among those wide viewing angle modes, the VA mode is adopted in a lot of LCDs because the VA mode would achieve a sufficiently high contrast ratio.
When viewed obliquely, however, the VA mode LCD sometimes produces grayscale inversion. Thus, to minimize such grayscale inversion, an MVA (multi-domain vertical alignment) mode in which multiple liquid crystal domains are defined within a single pixel region is adopted. In an MVA mode LCD, an alignment control structure is provided for at least one of the two substrates, which face each other with a vertical alignment liquid crystal layer interposed between them, so that the alignment control structure contacts with the liquid crystal layer. As the alignment control structure, a linear slit (opening) of an electrode or a rib (projection) may be used, thereby applying anchoring force to the liquid crystal layer from one or both sides thereof. In this manner, multiple (typically four) liquid crystal domains with multiple different alignment directions are defined, thereby minimizing the grayscale inversion.
Also known as another kind of VA mode is a CPA (continuous pinwheel alignment) mode. In a normal CPA mode LCD, its subpixel electrodes have a highly symmetric shape and either an opening or a projection (which is sometimes called a “rivet”) is arranged on the surface of the counter substrate in contact with the liquid crystal layer so as to be aligned with the center of a liquid crystal domain. When a voltage is applied, an oblique electric field is generated by the counter electrode and the highly symmetric subpixel electrode and induces radially tilted alignments of liquid crystal molecules. Also, with a rivet provided, the alignment control force of the slope of the rivet stabilizes the tilted alignments of the liquid crystal molecules. As the liquid crystal molecules are radially aligned within a single subpixel in this manner, the grayscale inversion can be minimized.
However, when viewed obliquely, the image displayed on a VA mode LCD will look more whitish as a whole than when viewed straight on (see Patent Document No. 1), which is called a “whitening” phenomenon. In the LCD disclosed in Patent Document No. 1, each subpixel, representing an associated one of the three primary colors of red, green and blue, has multiple regions with mutually different luminances, thereby reducing such a whitening phenomenon when the screen is viewed obliquely and improving the viewing angle characteristic. More specifically, in the LCD disclosed in Patent Document No. 1, electrodes provided for those regions of each subpixel are connected to mutually different data lines (source bus lines) by way of respectively different TFTs. The LCD of Patent Document No. 1 makes the potentials at the electrodes provided for those regions of each subpixel different from each other, thereby making those regions of each subpixel have different luminances and attempting to improve the viewing angle characteristic.
Also, even in a situation where an achromatic color is being displayed at a middle grayscale, the chromaticity may also look different depending on whether the screen is viewed straight on or obliquely (see Patent Document No. 2, for example). In the LCD disclosed in Patent Document No. 2, in a low-luminance region of each of red, green and blue subpixels, the transmittance is caused to vary in the same way as a low-grayscale level does, thereby reducing the variation in chromaticity when an achromatic color is displayed.
Nevertheless, to make those regions of each subpixel have mutually different luminances, fine electrodes should be provided for those regions of each subpixel, thus increasing the cost and sometimes resulting in a decreased yield. But a TN mode LCD can be made at a lower cost than a VA mode LCD. That is why somebody proposed that the viewing angle characteristic of a TN mode LCD could be improved even without providing multiple electrodes for each subpixel (see Patent Document No. 3, for example). Specifically, in the LCD disclosed in Patent Document No. 3, if two subpixels, which are two adjacent portions to receive the same input signal one after the other, have middle grayscale levels, then the viewing angle characteristic could be improved by setting the grayscale level of one of the two subpixels to be relatively high and that of the other subpixel to be relatively low, respectively. Specifically, supposing such two subpixels, which receive the same input signal one after the other, have middle grayscale levels A and B and the average (=L(A)+L(B)/2) of their luminances L(A) and L(B) is identified by L(X), a grayscale level X associated with that average luminance L(X) is obtained and then relatively high and low grayscale levels A′ and B′ that achieve the luminance L(X) of the grayscale level X are obtained. In this manner, the LCD disclosed in Patent Document No. 3 corrects the grayscale levels A and B represented by the input signal into grayscale levels A′ and B′, thereby attempting to improve the viewing angle characteristic without providing any such fine electrodes for each subpixel electrode.
All of the LCDs disclosed in these Patent Document Nos. 1 to 3 attempt to improve the viewing angle characteristic. Generally speaking, however, even if the difference in chromaticity according to the viewing angle can be decreased significantly when an achromatic color is displayed, there can still be a significant difference in chromaticity depending on whether the screen is viewed obliquely or straight on, when a chromatic color is displayed. Such a difference in chromaticity according to the viewing angle is also called a “color shift”. If the color shift is significant, then the display quality will decline.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal display device that can improve the viewing angle characteristic, and minimize the color shift, when the screen is viewed obliquely.
A liquid crystal device according to the present invention has multiple pixels including first and second pixels that are arranged adjacent to each other. Each of the pixels includes a number of subpixels including first, second and third subpixels. If an input signal indicates that each of the first and second pixels should represent a particular chromatic color, not only the third subpixel of at least one of the first and second pixels but also at least one of the respective first and second subpixels of the first and second pixels turn ON. If the average luminance of the respective third subpixels of the first and second pixels in one situation where the input signal indicates that each of the first and second pixels should represent the chromatic color is substantially equal to that of the respective third subpixels of the first and second pixels in another situation where the input signal indicates that each of the first and second pixels should represent an achromatic color, the luminances of the respective third subpixels of the first and second pixels in the former situation are different from those of the respective third subpixels of the first and second pixels in the latter situation.
In one preferred embodiment, the first, second and third subpixels are red, green and blue subpixels, respectively.
In another preferred embodiment, if the average luminance of the respective first subpixels of the first and second pixels in one situation where the input signal indicates that each of the first and second pixels should represent another chromatic color is equal to that of the respective first subpixels of the first and second pixels in another situation where the input signal indicates that each of the first and second pixels should represent an achromatic color, the luminances of the respective first subpixels of the first and second pixels in the former situation are different from those of the respective first subpixels of the first and second pixels in the latter situation.
In still another preferred embodiment, if the average luminance of the respective second subpixels of the first and second pixels in one situation where the input signal indicates that each of the first and second pixels should represent still another chromatic color is equal to that of the respective second subpixels of the first and second pixels in another situation where the input signal indicates that each of the first and second pixels should represent an achromatic color, the luminances of the respective second subpixels of the first and second pixels in the former situation are different from those of the respective second subpixels of the first and second pixels in the latter situation.
In yet another preferred embodiment, the liquid crystal device further includes: first, second and third subpixel electrodes that define the first, second and third subpixels, respectively; and source bus lines, which are provided for the first, second and third subpixel electrodes, respectively.
In yet another preferred embodiment, each of the first, second and third subpixels has multiple regions that are able to have mutually different luminances.
In this particular preferred embodiment, the liquid crystal device further includes: first, second and third subpixel electrodes, which define the first, second and third subpixels, respectively, and each of which has divided electrodes that define the multiple regions; source bus lines, which are provided for the first, second and third subpixel electrodes, respectively; and storage capacitor bus lines, which are provided for the respective divided electrodes of the first, second and third subpixel electrodes.
In yet another preferred embodiment, either the input signal or a signal obtained by converting the input signal indicates the respective grayscale levels of the multiple subpixels that are included in each of the multiple pixels. And the grayscale levels of the respective third subpixels of the first and second pixels, which are indicated by either the input signal or the converted signal, are corrected according to the hues of the first and second pixels that are also indicated by the input signal.
In yet another preferred embodiment, either the input signal or a signal obtained by converting the input signal indicates the respective grayscale levels of the multiple subpixels that are included in each of the multiple pixels. And the grayscale levels of the respective third subpixels of the first and second pixels, which are indicated by either the input signal or the converted signal, are corrected according to not only the hues of the first and second pixels that are also indicated by the input signal but also a difference in grayscale level between the respective third subpixels of the first and second pixels, which is also indicated by the input signal.
In yet another preferred embodiment, if the input signal indicates that the third subpixel of one of the first and second pixels has a first grayscale level and that the third subpixel of the other pixel has either the first grayscale level or a second grayscale level, which is higher than the first grayscale level, then the luminances of the respective third subpixels of the first and second pixels are different from ones that are associated with the grayscale levels indicated by either the input signal or the signal obtained by converting the input signal. If the input signal indicates that the third subpixel of the one pixel has the first grayscale level and that the third subpixel of the other pixel has a third grayscale level, which is higher than the second grayscale level, then the luminances of the respective third subpixels of the first and second pixels are substantially equal to ones that are associated with the grayscale levels indicated by either the input signal or the signal obtained by converting the input signal.
Another liquid crystal device according to the present invention includes a pixel that has a number of subpixels including first, second and third subpixels. Each of the first, second and third subpixels has a number of regions including first and second regions that are able to have mutually different luminances. If an input signal indicates that the pixel should represent a particular chromatic color, not only at least one of the first and second regions of the third subpixel but also at least one of the respective first and second regions of the first and second subpixels turn ON. If the average luminance of the first and second regions of the third subpixel in one situation where the input signal indicates that the pixel should represent the chromatic color is equal to that of the first and second regions of the third subpixel in another situation where the input signal indicates that the pixel should represent an achromatic color, the respective luminances of the first and second regions of the third subpixel in the former situation are different from those of the first and second regions of the third subpixel in the latter situation.
In one preferred embodiment, the first, second and third subpixels are red, green and blue subpixels, respectively.
In another preferred embodiment, the liquid crystal device further includes: first, second and third subpixel electrodes, which define the first, second and third subpixels, respectively, and each of which has first and second divided electrodes that define the first and second regions, respectively; and source bus lines, which are provided for the first and second divided electrodes of the first, second and third subpixel electrodes, respectively.
In still another preferred embodiment, the liquid crystal device further includes: first, second and third subpixel electrodes, which define the first, second and third subpixels, respectively, and each of which has first and second divided electrodes that define the first and second regions, respectively; source bus lines, which are provided for the first, second and third subpixel electrodes, respectively; and gate bus lines, which are provided for the respective first and second divided electrodes of the first, second and third subpixel electrodes.
Still another liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes multiple pixels that are arranged in columns and rows to form a matrix pattern. The multiple pixels include first, second, third and fourth pixels, which are arranged in this order along either one of the columns or one of the rows. Each of the pixels has a number of subpixels including first, second and third subpixels. If an input signal indicates that each of the first and third pixels should represent a particular chromatic color, not only the third subpixel of at least one of the first and third pixels but also at least one of the respective first and second subpixels of the first and third pixels turn ON. If the average luminance of the respective third subpixels of the first and third pixels in one situation where the input signal indicates that the first and third pixels should represent the chromatic color is substantially equal to that of the respective third subpixels of the first and third pixels in another situation where the input signal indicates that the first and third pixels should represent an achromatic color, the luminances of the respective third subpixels of the first and third pixels in the former situation are different from those of the respective third subpixels of the first and third pixels in the latter situation.
In one preferred embodiment, the luminance of the respective third subpixels of the second and fourth pixels is substantially equal to a one that is associated with a grayscale level indicated by either the input signal or a signal obtained by converting the input signal.
The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device that can improve the viewing angle characteristic, and minimize the color shift, when the screen is viewed obliquely.
a) is a schematic representation illustrating a liquid crystal display device as a first preferred embodiment of the present invention and
a) is a schematic representation illustrating how respective pixels may be arranged in the liquid crystal display device shown in
a), 4(b) and 4(c) are schematic representations illustrating roughly how the liquid crystal display device shown in
a) and 5(b) are schematic representations illustrating the appearance of the LCD panel of a liquid crystal display device as Comparative Example 1 and
a) and 6(b) are schematic representations illustrating the appearance of the LCD panel of a liquid crystal display device as Comparative Example 2 and
a) and 7(b) are schematic representations illustrating the appearance of the LCD panel of the liquid crystal display device shown in
a) is a graph showing the grayscale level difference and
a) is a schematic representation illustrating the hue of the LCD panel of the liquid crystal display device shown in
a) and 11(b) are graphs showing the corrected grayscale level and a variation in obliquely viewing grayscale in a situation where the hue coefficient Hb=1, and
a) is a schematic representation illustrating the hue of the LCD panel of the liquid crystal display device shown in
a) is a schematic representation illustrating the hue of the LCD panel of the liquid crystal display device shown in
a) is a schematic representation illustrating the hue of the LCD panel of the liquid crystal display device shown in
a) is a schematic representation illustrating the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 1 and
a), 19(b) and 19(c) are schematic representations illustrating a liquid crystal display device as a modified example of the first preferred embodiment when its correcting section includes only a red correcting section, only a green correcting section, and only a blue correcting section, respectively.
a), 20(b) and 20(c) are schematic representations illustrating configurations for the LCD panel of the liquid crystal display device shown in
a) and 23(b) are plan views schematically illustrating a region allocated to one subpixel in the LCD panel of the liquid crystal display device shown in
a) is a schematic representation illustrating a configuration for the blue correcting section of a liquid crystal display device as a modified example of the first preferred embodiment, and
a) and 27(b) are schematic representations illustrating two configurations for a liquid crystal display device as a modified example of the first preferred embodiment in which an independent gamma correction processing section is positioned after and before the correcting section, respectively.
a) is a schematic representation illustrating how respective pixels may be arranged in the liquid crystal display device shown in
a) and 30(b) are schematic representations illustrating how the LCD panel of the liquid crystal display device shown in
a) is a schematic representation illustrating how respective pixels may be arranged in the liquid crystal display device shown in
a) and 33(b) are schematic representations illustrating how the LCD panel of the liquid crystal display device shown in
a) is a schematic representation illustrating a liquid crystal display device as a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention and
a) is a schematic representation illustrating a liquid crystal display device as Comparative Example 3 and
a) is a schematic representation illustrating how the blue subpixels of the liquid crystal display device shown in
a) is a schematic representation illustrating how the blue subpixels of the liquid crystal display device shown in
a) is a schematic representation illustrating how the blue subpixels of the liquid crystal display device shown in
a) is a schematic representation illustrating an LCD panel that is designed to make the correction shown in
a) is a schematic representation illustrating a liquid crystal display device as a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention and
a) is a schematic representation illustrating a configuration for the blue correcting section shown in
a) is a schematic representation illustrating how subpixels may be arranged in the multi-primary-color display panel of the liquid crystal display device shown in
a) is a schematic representation illustrating how subpixels may be arranged in the multi-primary-color display panel of a liquid crystal display device as a modified example of the sixth preferred embodiment and
a) is a schematic representation illustrating how subpixels may be arranged in the multi-primary-color display panel of a liquid crystal display device as another modified example of the sixth preferred embodiment and
a) is a schematic representation illustrating how subpixels may be arranged in the multi-primary-color display panel of a liquid crystal display device as still another modified example of the sixth preferred embodiment and
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted, however, that the present invention is in no way limited to the specific preferred embodiments to be described below.
A first specific preferred embodiment of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention will now be described.
If necessary, the correcting section 300A makes correction on either the grayscale level or its associated luminance level of at least one of red, green and blue subpixels in accordance with the input signal. In this preferred embodiment, the correcting section 300A includes red, green and blue correcting sections 300r, 300g and 300b.
Specifically, the red correcting section 300r receives an input signal, indicating grayscale levels r, g and b for red, green and blue subpixels, and corrects the grayscale level r of the red subpixel into a different grayscale level r′. Likewise, the green correcting section 300g also receives the input signal indicating the grayscale levels r, g and b of the red, green and blue subpixels and corrects the grayscale level g of the green subpixel into a different grayscale level g′. In the same way, the blue correcting section 300b also receives the input signal indicating the grayscale levels r, g and b of the red, green and blue subpixels and corrects the grayscale level b of the blue subpixel into a different grayscale level b′. It should be noted that at least one of those corrected grayscale levels r′, g′ and b′ to be output from the correcting section 300A could be equal to the original grayscale level r, g or b as input to the correcting section 300A.
The input signal may be compatible with a cathode ray tube (CRT) with a γ value of 2.2 and is compliant with the NTSC (National Television Standards Committee) standard. In general, the grayscale levels r, g and b indicated by the input signal are represented by eight bits. Or the input signal may have a value that can be converted into the grayscale levels r, g and b of red, green and blue subpixels and that is represented as a three-dimensional value. In
In a three-primary-color liquid crystal display device, if either the grayscale levels or luminance levels of red, green and blue subpixels are all zero, a pixel displays the color black. On the other hand, if either the grayscale levels or luminance levels of red, green and blue subpixels are all one, then a pixel displays the color white. Optionally, a liquid crystal display device may perform independent gamma correction processing as will be described later. In a liquid crystal display device in which no independent gamma correction is carried out, however, if the highest luminance of red, green and blue subpixels after the color temperatures have been adjusted to the intended ones in a TV set is supposed to be one and if an achromatic color is going to be displayed, then the red, green and blue subpixels have either the same grayscale level or the same maximum luminance ratio of the luminance levels. That is why if the color represented by a pixel changes from black into white while remaining an achromatic color, then the grayscale level of the red, green and blue subpixels or the maximum luminance ratio of the luminance levels does increase but is still the same between those red, green and blue subpixels. In the following description, if the luminance of each subpixel in an LCD panel is the lowest one corresponding to the lowest grayscale level, then that subpixel will be referred to herein as an “OFF-state subpixel”. On the other hand, if the luminance of each subpixel is higher than that lowest luminance, then that subpixel will be referred to herein as an “ON-state subpixel”.
b) is a schematic representation illustrating the LCD panel 200A, which includes an active-matrix substrate 220 with pixel electrodes 224 and an alignment layer 226 that have been provided on an insulating substrate 222, a counter substrate 240 with a counter electrode 244 and another alignment layer 246 that have also been provided on another insulating substrate 242, and a liquid crystal layer 260, which is interposed between the active-matrix substrate 220 and the counter substrate 240. Although not shown, two polarizers are provided for the active-matrix substrate 220 and the counter substrate 240, respectively, and are arranged so that their polarization axes satisfy the crossed Nicols relation. Although not shown in
This LCD panel 200A operates in the VA mode, for example. Thus, the alignment layers 226 and 246 are vertical alignment layers and the liquid crystal layer 260 is a vertical alignment liquid crystal layer. As used herein, the “vertical alignment liquid crystal layer” refers to a liquid crystal layer in which the axis of its liquid crystal molecules (which will be sometimes referred to herein as an “axial direction”) defines an angle of approximately 85 degrees or more with respect to the surface of the vertical alignment layers 226 and 246. The liquid crystal layer 260 includes a nematic liquid crystal material with negative dielectric anisotropy. Using such a liquid crystal material along with two polarizers that are arranged as crossed Nicols, this device conducts a display operation in a normally black mode. Specifically, in that mode, when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 260, the liquid crystal molecules 262 in the liquid crystal layer 260 are aligned substantially parallel to a normal to the principal surface of the alignment layers 226 and 246. On the other hand, when a voltage that is higher than a predetermined voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 260, the liquid crystal molecules 262 in the liquid crystal layer 260 are aligned substantially parallel to the principal surface of the alignment layers 226 and 246. Also, when a high voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 260, the liquid crystal molecules 262 will be aligned symmetrically either within a subpixel or within a particular region of the subpixel, thus contributing to improving the viewing angle characteristic. In this example, each of the active-matrix substrate 220 and the counter substrate 240 has its alignment layer 226, 246. However, according to the present invention, at least one of the active-matrix substrate 220 and the counter substrate 240 needs to have its alignment layer 226 or 246. Nevertheless, in order to stabilize the alignments, it is still preferred that both of the active-matrix substrate 220 and the counter substrate 240 have their own alignment layer 226, 246.
a) illustrates how pixels and subpixels, included in each of those pixels, may be arranged in this LCD panel 200A. As an example,
In the following description, a subpixel's luminance level corresponding to the lowest grayscale level (e.g., grayscale level 0) will be represented herein as “0” and a subpixel's luminance level corresponding to the highest grayscale level (e.g., grayscale level 255) will be represented herein as “1” for convenience sake. Even if their luminance levels are equal to each other, the red, green and blue subpixels may actually have mutually different luminances because the “luminance level” herein means the ratio of the luminance of each subpixel to its highest luminance. For example, if the input signal indicates that a pixel should represent the color black, all of the grayscale levels r, g and b indicated by the input signal are the lowest grayscale level (e.g., grayscale level 0). On the other hand, if the input signal indicates that a pixel should represent the color white, all of the grayscale levels r, g and b are the highest grayscale level (e.g., grayscale level 255). In the following description, the grayscale level will sometimes be normalized with the highest grayscale level and the grayscale level will be represented as a ratio of zero through one.
b) illustrates an equivalent circuit diagram of one pixel in this liquid crystal display device 100A. A TFT 230 is connected to a subpixel electrode 224b that is provided for a blue subpixel B. The TFT 230 has its gate electrode connected to a gate bus line Gate and its source electrode connected to a source bus line Sb. The other red and green subpixels R and G also have the same configuration.
Hereinafter, it will be outlined with reference to
a), 4(b) and 4(c) illustrate the appearance of the LCD panel 200A of this liquid crystal display device 100A. In
In each of
First of all, it will be described with reference to
The red, green and blue correcting sections 300r, 300g and 300b shown in
Using two red subpixels belonging to two adjacent pixels as a unit, the red correcting section 300r controls the luminances of those red subpixels. That is why even if the input signal indicates that such red subpixels belonging to two adjacent pixels have the same grayscale level, the LCD panel 200A corrects the grayscale level so that those two red subpixels have mutually different luminances. As a result of this correction, one of the two red subpixels belonging to those two adjacent pixels has its luminance increased by the magnitude of shift ΔSα, while the other red subpixel has its luminance decreased by the magnitude of shift ΔSβ. Consequently, those two red subpixels belonging to the two adjacent pixels have mutually different luminances. In the same way, the green correcting section 300g uses two green subpixels belonging to two adjacent pixels as a unit to control the luminances of those two green subpixels, and the blue correcting section 300b uses two blue subpixels belonging to two adjacent pixels as a unit to control the luminances of those two blue subpixels.
In two subpixels in the same color that belong to two adjacent pixels, one subpixel with the higher luminance will be referred to herein as a “bright subpixel”, while the other subpixel with the lower luminance as a “dark subpixel”. In this case, the luminance of the bright subpixel is higher than a luminance corresponding to a reference grayscale level, while that of the dark subpixel is lower than the luminance corresponding to the reference grayscale level. Also, in two sets of red, green and blue subpixels belonging to two adjacent pixels, the red, green and blue subpixels that have the higher luminance will be referred to herein as a “bright red subpixel”, a “bright green subpixel” and a “bright blue subpixel”, respectively, while the red, green and blue subpixels that have the lower luminance will be referred to herein as a “dark red subpixel”, a “dark green subpixel” and a “dark blue subpixel”, respectively. For example, the red and blue subpixels R1 and B1 belonging to the pixel P1 are bright subpixels and the green subpixel G1 belonging to the pixel P1 is a dark subpixel. On the other hand, the red and blue subpixels R2 and B2 belonging to the pixel P2 are dark subpixels and the green subpixel G2 belonging to the pixel P2 is a bright subpixel.
Also, when the screen is viewed straight on, the difference between the luminance of the bright subpixel and the luminance corresponding to the reference grayscale level is substantially equal to the difference between the luminance corresponding to the reference grayscale level and the luminance of the dark subpixel, and the magnitude of shift ΔSα is ideally equal to the magnitude of shift ΔSβ for each of the red, green and blue subpixels. That is why the average of the luminances of respective subpixels belonging to two adjacent pixels in this LCD panel 200A as viewed straight on is substantially equal to that of the luminances corresponding to the grayscale levels of two adjacent subpixels as indicated by the input signal. In this preferred embodiment, the red, green and blue correcting sections 300r, 300g and 300b make corrections on the grayscale levels of subpixels belonging to two pixels that are adjacent to each other in the row direction.
If the red, green and blue correcting sections 300r, 300g and 300b make such corrections, the two subpixels of the same color belonging to two adjacent pixels have mutually different grayscale-luminance characteristics (i.e., different gamma characteristics). As a result, the viewing angle characteristic when the screen is viewed obliquely can be improved. In that case, the colors represented by those two adjacent pixels are strictly different from each other. However, if the LCD panel 200A has a sufficiently high resolution, the color sensed by a human viewer with his or her eyes will be the average of those two colors represented by the two adjacent pixels.
For example, if the input signal indicates that the grayscale levels (r, g, b) of the red, green and blue subpixels should be (100, 100, 100), the liquid crystal display device 100A corrects the grayscale levels of those subpixels into either 137 (=(2×(100/255)2.2)1/2.2×255) or zero. As a result, in the LCD panel 200A, the red, green and blue subpixels R1, G1 and B1 belonging to the pixel P1 come to have luminances corresponding to the grayscale levels (137, 0, 137), while the red, green and blue subpixels P2, G2 and B2 belonging to the pixel P2 come to have luminances corresponding to the grayscale levels (0, 137, 0).
Next, it will be described with reference to
For example, if the input signal indicates that the grayscale levels of the red, green and blue subpixels should be (50, 50, 100), the liquid crystal display device 100A corrects the grayscale levels of the red and green subpixels into either 69 (=(2×(50/255)2.2)1/2.2×255) or zero. As a result, the bright red subpixel and the bright green subpixel do turn ON but the dark red subpixel and the dark green subpixel are OFF. On the other hand, the grayscale level of the blue subpixel is corrected differently from the red and green subpixels. Specifically, the grayscale level of 100 of the blue subpixel indicated by the input signal is corrected into either 121 or 74. It should be noted that 2×(100/255)2.2=(121/255)2.2+(74/255)2.2. As a result, the bright blue subpixel and the dark blue subpixel both turn ON. Consequently, the red, green and blue subpixels R1, G1 and B1 belonging to the pixel P1 in this LCD panel 200A come to have luminances corresponding to the grayscale levels (69, 0, 121) and the red, green and blue subpixels R2, G2 and B2 belonging to the pixel P2 come to have luminances corresponding to the grayscale levels (0, 69, 74).
When the input signal indicates that a chromatic color should be represented, this liquid crystal display device 100A corrects the grayscale level of a blue subpixel differently from when the input signal indicates that a achromatic color should be represented. If in a situation where the input signal indicates that the red, green and blue subpixels have grayscale levels (50, 50, 100), the grayscale level of the blue subpixel were corrected in the same way as in a situation where an achromatic color should be represented, then the difference Δu′v′ between the chromaticity when the screen is viewed obliquely and the chromaticity when the screen is viewed straight on (which will be referred to herein as a “chromaticity difference”) would be 0.047. If the chromaticity difference Δu′v′ were relatively big in this manner, the color would look different depending on whether the screen is viewed obliquely or straight on. To avoid such an unwanted situation, when a chromatic color should be represented, this liquid crystal display device 100A corrects the grayscale level of the blue subpixel differently from when an achromatic color should be represented. As a result, the difference Δu′v′ between the chromaticity when the screen is viewed obliquely and the chromaticity when the screen is viewed straight on becomes 0.026. Consequently, the liquid crystal display device 100A can reduce the chromaticity difference Δu′v′ significantly and minimize the color shift. In the example that has just been described with reference to
Next, it will be described with reference to
Hereinafter, advantages of the liquid crystal display device 100A of this preferred embodiment over its counterparts as Comparative Examples 1 and 2 will be described. In the example to be described below, the input signal is supposed to indicate that every pixel should represent the same color to avoid complicating the description overly.
First of all, a liquid crystal display device will be described as Comparative Example 1 with reference to FIG. 5. In the liquid crystal display device of this Comparative Example 1, the grayscale levels never change, no matter what grayscale levels are indicated by the input signal for respective subpixels.
a) is a schematic representation illustrating how the LCD panel of the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 1 looks when the input signal indicates that every pixel should represent an achromatic color. For example, if the highest grayscale level is supposed to be 255, the grayscale levels of red, green and blue subpixels as indicated by the input signal are (100, 100, 100).
If the input signal indicates that the grayscale levels of red, green and blue subpixels should be (100, 100, 100), the grayscale levels never change in this liquid crystal display device as Comparative Example 1. That is why the luminances of the respective subpixels correspond to the grayscale levels (100, 100, 100).
b) is a schematic representation illustrating how the LCD panel of the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 1 looks when the input signal indicates that every pixel should represent the same chromatic color. For example, if the highest grayscale level is supposed to be 255, the grayscale levels of red, green and blue subpixels as indicated by the input signal are (50, 50, 100).
If the input signal indicates that the grayscale levels of red, green and blue subpixels should be (50, 50, 100), the grayscale levels never change. That is why the luminances of the respective subpixels correspond to the grayscale levels (50, 50, 100).
c) shows how the grayscale when the screen is viewed straight on (which will be referred to herein as “straight viewing grayscale”) and the grayscale when the screen is viewed obliquely (which will be referred to herein as “obliquely viewing grayscale”) change with respect to the reference grayscale level in the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 1. In this case, the straight viewing grayscale and the obliquely viewing grayscale are relative grayscale levels representing relative luminances by grayscales. Also, in this example, the obliquely viewing grayscale is a relative grayscale level when the viewing direction defines an angle of 60 degrees with respect to a normal to the display screen.
The straight viewing grayscale increases proportionally to the reference grayscale level. On the other hand, as the reference grayscale level increases, the obliquely viewing grayscale increases monotonically. At low grayscales, however, the higher the reference grayscale level, the greater the difference between the obliquely viewing and straight viewing grayscales and the more noticeable the whitening phenomenon gets. But at middle to high grayscales, the higher the reference grayscale level, the smaller the difference between the obliquely viewing and straight viewing grayscales and the less perceptible the whitening phenomenon gets.
In
Next, a liquid crystal display device will be described as Comparative Example 2. The liquid crystal display device of this Comparative Example 2 makes correction using necessary one(s) of the grayscale levels that are indicated by the input signal for red, green and blue subpixels, thereby trying to improve the viewing angle characteristic.
a) is a schematic representation illustrating how the LCD panel of the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 2 looks when the input signal indicates that every pixel should represent an achromatic color. For example, if the highest grayscale level is supposed to be 255, the grayscale levels of red, green and blue subpixels as indicated by the input signal are (100, 100, 100).
If the input signal indicates that the grayscale levels of the red, green and blue subpixels should be (100, 100, 100), the liquid crystal display device of this Comparative Example 2 corrects the grayscale levels of the red, green and blue subpixels into either 137 (=(2×(100/255)2.2)1/2.2×255) or zero. As a result, in the liquid crystal display device of this Comparative Example 2, the red, green and blue subpixels R1, G1 and B1 belonging to the pixel P1 come to have luminances corresponding to the grayscale levels (137, 0, 137), while the red, green and blue subpixels R2, G2 and B2 belonging to the pixel P2 come to have luminances corresponding to the grayscale levels (0, 137, 0). In the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 2, any two subpixels that are adjacent to each other in the row or column direction have opposite brightness levels and any two subpixels that are diagonally adjacent to each other have the same luminance. Also, if attention is paid to two subpixels of the same color (e.g., red subpixels) that belong to two different pixels, two subpixels of two pixels that are adjacent to each other in the row or column direction have opposite brightness levels and two subpixels of two pixels that are diagonally adjacent to each other have the same luminance.
b) is a schematic representation illustrating how the LCD panel of the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 2 looks when the input signal indicates that every pixel should represent the same chromatic color. For example, if the highest grayscale level is supposed to be 255, the grayscale levels of red, green and blue subpixels as indicated by the input signal are (50, 50, 100).
If the input signal indicates that the grayscale levels of the red, green and blue subpixels should be (50, 50, 100), the grayscale levels of the red and green subpixels are corrected into either 69 (=(2×(50/255)2.2)1/2.2×255) or zero. On the other hand, the blue subpixel comes to have a luminance corresponding to a grayscale level of 137 (=(2×(100/255)2.2)1/2.2×255) or zero. As a result, in the liquid crystal display device of this Comparative Example 2, the red, green and blue subpixels R1, G1 and B1 belonging to the pixel P1 come to have luminances corresponding to the grayscale levels (69, 0, 137), while the red, green and blue subpixels R2, G2 and B2 belonging to the pixel P2 come to have luminances corresponding to the grayscale levels (0, 69, 0). In this case, the whitening phenomenon to arise when the screen is viewed obliquely can also be minimized.
c) shows how the straight viewing and obliquely viewing grayscales change with respect to the reference grayscale level in the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 2. In
In
Nonetheless, ΔB2100 is smaller than ΔR250 or ΔG250. That is why if the input signal indicates that the red, green and blue subpixels should have grayscale levels (50, 50, 100), the color as viewed obliquely will look a bit more yellowish than the color as viewed straight on in this liquid crystal display device. Consequently, in the liquid crystal display device of this Comparative Example 2, the color shift increases when a chromatic color is going to be represented.
Next, a liquid crystal display device 100A according to this preferred embodiment will be described with reference to
a) is a schematic representation illustrating how the LCD panel 200A of this liquid crystal display device 100A looks when the input signal indicates that every pixel should represent an achromatic color. For example, if the highest grayscale level is supposed to be 255, the grayscale levels of red, green and blue subpixels as indicated by the input signal are (100, 100, 100).
If the input signal indicates that the grayscale levels of the red, green and blue subpixels should be (100, 100, 100), the liquid crystal display device 100A corrects the grayscale levels of the red, green and blue subpixels into either 137 (=(2×(100/255)2.2)1/2.2×255) or zero. As a result, in the liquid crystal display device 100A, the red, green and blue subpixels R1, G1 and B1 belonging to the pixel P1 come to have luminances corresponding to the grayscale levels (137, 0, 137), while the red, green and blue subpixels R2, G2 and B2 belonging to the pixel P2 come to have luminances corresponding to the grayscale levels (0, 137, 0). In this case, the degree of whitening to arise when the screen is viewed obliquely has been reduced.
b) is a schematic representation illustrating how the LCD panel 200A of this liquid crystal display device 100A looks when the input signal indicates that every pixel should represent the same chromatic color. For example, the grayscale levels of red, green and blue subpixels as indicated by the input signal may be (50, 50, 100).
If the input signal indicates that the grayscale levels of the red, green and blue subpixels should be (50, 50, 100), the liquid crystal display device 100A corrects the grayscale levels of the red and green subpixels into either 69 (=(2×(50/255)2.2)1/2.2×255) or zero. On the other hand, the grayscale level of the blue subpixel is corrected differently from the red and green subpixels. Specifically, the grayscale level of 100 of the blue subpixel is corrected into either 121 or 74. It should be noted that 2×(100/255)2.2=((121/255)2.2+(74/255)2.2). Consequently, the red, green and blue subpixels R1, G1 and B1 belonging to the pixel P1 in this liquid crystal display device 100A come to have luminances corresponding to the grayscale levels (69, 0, 121) and the red, green and blue subpixels R2, G2 and B2 belonging to the pixel P2 come to have luminances corresponding to the grayscale levels (0, 69, 74).
c) shows how the obliquely viewing grayscale changes with respect to the reference grayscale level in this liquid crystal display device 100A. In
As already described with reference to
As described above, if the input signal indicates that the red, green and blue subpixels should have grayscale levels (50, 50, 100), the color as viewed obliquely will look a bit more yellowish in the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 2 than the color as viewed straight on because ΔB2100 is smaller than ΔR250 or ΔG250. On the other hand, the grayscale level difference ΔBA100 from the grayscale levels of 121 and 74 of the blue subpixel in the liquid crystal display device 100A of this preferred embodiment is smaller than the grayscale level difference ΔB1100 from the grayscale level of 100, 100 of the blue subpixel in the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 1 and larger than the grayscale level difference ΔB2100 from the grayscale levels of 137 and 0 of the blue subpixel in the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 2. And the grayscale level difference ΔBA100 is closer to the grayscale level differences ΔRA50 and ΔGA50 rather than the grayscale level differences ΔB1100 and ΔB2100. Consequently, this liquid crystal display device 100A can reduce the color shift.
The following table 1 shows x, y and Y values that are obtained by viewing the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 1 straight on and obliquely from a viewing angle of 60 degrees and the chromaticity difference Δu′v′ between the straight viewing and obliquely viewing directions when the input signal indicates that red, green and blue subpixels should have grayscale levels (150, 0, 50):
For example, if the input signal indicates that the red, green and blue subpixels should have grayscale levels (150, 0, 50), the grayscale levels b1′ and b2′ become 69 and 0, respectively, in the liquid crystal display device 100A of this preferred embodiment. The following table 2 shows x, y and Y values that are obtained in such a situation by viewing the device straight on and obliquely from a viewing angle of 60 degrees and the chromaticity difference Δu′v′ between the straight viewing and obliquely viewing directions:
Compare Table 2 to Table 1, and it can be seen easily that this liquid crystal display device 100A can reduce the color shift when the screen is viewed obliquely. In the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 2, not just the grayscale levels b1′ and b2′ of the blue subpixels but also those r1′ and r2′ of the red subpixels are corrected into level 69, level 0, level 205 (=(2×(150/255)2.2)1/2.2×255) and level 0, respectively. The following table 3 shows x, y and Y values that are obtained in such a situation by viewing the device straight on and obliquely from a viewing angle of 60 degrees and the chromaticity difference Δu′v′ between the straight viewing and obliquely viewing directions:
Comparing Table 3 to Tables 1 and 2, it can be seen that since the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 2 makes correction on each subpixel based on only the grayscale level of that subpixel, color shift is produced more significantly when the screen is viewed obliquely than in the liquid crystal display device 100A of this preferred embodiment. Consequently, by making correction on each subpixel based on its hue and other factors, the color shift can be reduced.
Hereinafter, the blue correcting section 300b will be described with reference to
First of all, the average of the grayscale levels b1 and b2 is calculated by using an adding section 310b. In the following description, the average of the grayscale levels b1 and b2 will be referred to herein as an average grayscale level bave. Next, a grayscale level difference section 320 calculates two grayscale level differences Δbα and Δbβ with respect to the single average grayscale level bave. The grayscale level differences Δbα and Δbβ are associated with a bright blue subpixel and a dark blue subpixel, respectively.
In this manner, the grayscale level difference section 320 calculates two grayscale level differences Δbα and Δbβ with respect to the single average grayscale level bave. In this case, the average grayscale level bave and the grayscale level differences Δbα and Δbβ may satisfy the predetermined relation shown in
Next, a grayscale-to-luminance converting section 330 converts the grayscale level differences Δbα and Δbβ into luminance level differences ΔYbα and ΔYbβ, respectively. In this case, the greater the luminance level difference ΔYbα, ΔYbβ, the greater the magnitude of shift ΔSα, ΔSβ. Ideally, the magnitude of shift ΔSα is equal to the magnitude of shift ΔSβ. That is why the grayscale level difference section 320 may give only one of the grayscale level differences Δbα and Δbβ to calculate only one of the magnitudes of shift ΔSα and ΔSβ.
Meanwhile, the average of the grayscale levels r1 and r2 is calculated by another adding section 310r and that of the grayscale levels g1 and g2 is calculated by still another adding section 310g. In the following description, the average of the grayscale levels r1 and r2 will be referred to herein as an average grayscale level rave and that of the grayscale levels g1 and g2 will be referred to herein as an average grayscale level gave.
The hue determining section 340 determines the hue of the color represented by the input signal. Specifically, the hue determining section 340 determines the hue by using average grayscale levels rave, gave and bave. For example, if one of rave>bave, gave>bave and bave=0 is satisfied, then the hue determining section 340 determines that the hue is not blue. Also, if bave>0 and rave=gave=0 are satisfied, then the hue determining section 340 determines that the hue is blue.
For example, the hue determining section 340 determines the hue coefficient Hb using the average grayscale levels rave, gave and bave. The hue coefficient Hb is a function that varies according to the hue. Specifically, the hue coefficient Hb is a function that decreases as the blue component of the color to represent increases. Supposing function Max is a function representing the highest one of multiple variables, function Second is a function representing the second highest one of the multiple variables, M=MAX (rave, gave, bave) and S=Second (rave, gave, bave), the hue coefficient Hb can be represented as Hb=S/M (bave≧rave, bave≧rave and bave>0). More specifically, if bave≧gave≧rave and bave>0, then Hb=gave/bave. Also, if bave≧rave≧gave and bave>0, then Hb=rave/bave. Furthermore, if at least one of bave<rave, bave<gave and bave=0 is satisfied, then Hb=1.
Next, the magnitudes of shift ΔSα and ΔSβ are calculated. In this case, the magnitude of shift ΔSα is obtained as the product of ΔYbα and the hue coefficient Hb, while the magnitude of shift ΔSβ is obtained as the product of ΔYbβ and the hue coefficient Hb. A multiplying section 350 multiplies the luminance level differences ΔYbα and ΔYbβ by the hue coefficient Hb, thereby obtaining the magnitudes of shift ΔSα and ΔSβ.
Meanwhile, a grayscale-to-luminance converting section 360a carries out a grayscale-to-luminance conversion on the grayscale level b1, thereby obtaining a luminance level Yb1, which can be calculated by the following equation:
Y
b1
=b12.2 (where 0≦b1≦1)
In the same way, another grayscale-to-luminance converting section 360b carries out a grayscale-to-luminance conversion on the grayscale level b2, thereby obtaining a luminance level Yb2.
Next, an adding and subtracting section 370a adds the luminance level Yb1 and the magnitude of shift ΔSα together, and then the sum is subjected to luminance-to-grayscale conversion by a luminance-to-grayscale converting section 380a, thereby obtaining a grayscale level b1′. On the other hand, another adding and subtracting section 370b subtracts the magnitude of shift ΔSβ from the luminance level Yb2, and then the remainder is subjected to luminance-to-grayscale conversion by another luminance-to-grayscale converting section 380b, thereby obtaining a grayscale level b2′. In general, if the input signal indicates that a pixel should represent an achromatic color at a middle grayscale, then the grayscale levels r, g and b indicated by the input signal are equal to each other. Consequently, in this LCD panel 200A, the luminance level Yb1′ is higher than the luminance levels Yr and Yg but the luminance level Yb2′ is lower than the luminance levels Yr and Yg. Also, the average of the luminance levels Yb1′ and Yb2′ is almost equal to the luminance levels Yr and Yg.
b) shows a relation between the grayscale level of a blue subpixel as indicated by the input signal and that of the blue subpixel to be entered into the LCD panel 200A. In this case, the input signal indicates that an achromatic color should be represented and the hue coefficient Hb may be equal to one, for example. As the grayscale level difference section 320 gives the grayscale level differences Δbα and Δbβ, the grayscale level b1′ is given by b1+Δb1 and the grayscale level b2′ is given by b2−Δb2. As described above, using the grayscale levels b1′ and b2′, the blue subpixel B1 comes to have a luminance corresponding to the sum of the luminance level Yb1 and the magnitude of shift ΔSα and the blue subpixel B2 comes to have a luminance corresponding to the difference between the luminance level Yb2 and the magnitude of shift ΔSβ.
In this manner, the grayscale levels b1 and b2 of the blue subpixels are changed based on the decision made by the hue determining section 340. If the hue determining section 340 has determined that the hue is not blue, the grayscale levels b1 and b2 of the blue subpixels are changed into different grayscale levels so that their relative luminance as viewed obliquely becomes closer to their relative luminance as viewed straight on. On the other hand, if the hue coefficient Hb is zero, the grayscale levels b1 and b2 of the blue subpixels as indicated by the input signal are output as the grayscale levels b1′ and b2′.
Thus, if the hue determining section 340 has determined that the hue is blue, the grayscale levels b1 and b2 of the blue subpixels are output as they are without being changed. In that case, the grayscale level b1 is equal to the grayscale level b2. In the LCD panel 200A, the average straight viewing luminance corresponding to the grayscale levels b1′ and b2′ is substantially equal to the one corresponding to the grayscale levels b1 and b2.
As described above, the magnitudes of shift ΔSα and ΔSβ are represented by a function that includes the hue coefficient Hb as a parameter and change as the hue coefficient Hb varies.
Hereinafter, it will be described with reference to
b) shows a relation between the grayscale level b as indicated by the input signal and the corrected grayscale level b′ of the blue subpixel in a situation where the hue coefficient Hb=1. In this case, the grayscale level b1′ indicates that of the bright blue subpixel of one of two adjacent pixels (e.g., the blue subpixel B1 of the pixel P1 shown in
As the grayscale level b increases, the grayscale level b1′ increases but the grayscale level b2′ remains zero when the grayscale level b is relatively low. But once the grayscale level b1′ has reached the highest grayscale level with the increase in the grayscale level b, the grayscale level b2′ starts to increase soon. As can be seen, unless the grayscale level b is the lowest grayscale level or the highest grayscale level, the grayscale level b1′ is different from the grayscale level b2′. By having the correcting section 300A make such a correction, the viewing angle characteristic as viewed obliquely can be improved.
c) shows a relation between the grayscale level b as indicated by the input signal and the corrected grayscale level b′ of the blue subpixel when the hue coefficient Hb=0. In a situation where the hue of the color indicated by the input signal is on the line WB shown in
For example, if the grayscale levels (rave, gave, bave) of red, green and blue subpixels are (128, 128, 128) with respect to the highest grayscale level of 255, the hue coefficient Hb is one, and therefore, the magnitudes of shift ΔSα and ΔSβ become ΔYbα and ΔYbβ, respectively. On the other hand, if (rave, gave, bave) are (0, 0, 128), the hue coefficient Hb becomes zero, and therefore, the magnitudes of shift ΔSα and ΔSβ become zero. Furthermore, if (rave, gave, bave) are (64, 64, 128), which are halfway between these two situations, then Hb=0.5, and the magnitudes of shift ΔSα and ΔSβ become 0.5×ΔYbα and 0.5×ΔYbβ, respectively, which are half as large as when Hb=1.0. In this manner, the magnitudes of shift ΔSα and ΔSβ change continuously according to the hue indicated by the input signal, and a sudden change of the display characteristic can be minimized. As described above, the blue correcting section 300b changes the magnitude of shift according to the color indicated by the input signal. As a result, not only can the viewing angle characteristic be improved but also can the decrease in resolution be minimized as well. In the blue correcting section 300b shown in
Thus, the liquid crystal display device 100A of this preferred embodiment can minimize the color shift by changing the hue coefficient Hb in this manner. As for the relation between the hue coefficients and the liquid crystal display devices of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the hue coefficient Hb=0 is associated with the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 1, while the hue coefficient Hb=1 is associated with the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 2.
Hereinafter, it will be described with reference to
On the other hand,
If the hue coefficient Hb is 0.5, the grayscale level b when the grayscale level b1′ reaches the highest grayscale level 255 is greater than 186. Once the grayscale level b1′ has reached the highest grayscale level 255, the grayscale level b2′ starts to increase at an even higher rate so that the average luminance of the blue subpixels B1 and B2 corresponds to the grayscale level b.
Although the configuration of the blue correcting section 300b has been described, the red correcting section 300r and the green correcting section 300g also have a similar configuration. In the red correcting section 300r, for example, the hue determining section 340 also determines the hue of the color indicated by the input signal. Specifically, the hue determining section 340 determines a hue coefficient Hr by using the average grayscale levels rave, gave and bave. The hue coefficient Hr is a function that varies according to the hue. The hue coefficient Hr can be represented as Hr=S/M (rave≧gave, rave≧bave and rave>0). Specifically, if rave≧gave≧bave and rave>0, then Hr=gave/rave. Also, if rave≧bave≧gave and rave>0, then Hr=bave/rave. Furthermore, if at least one of rave<bave, rave<bave and rave=0 is satisfied, then Hr=1.
Likewise, in the green correcting section 300g, the hue determining section 340 also determines the hue of the color indicated by the input signal. The hue determining section 340 determines a hue coefficient Hg by using the average grayscale levels rave, gave and bave. The hue coefficient Hg is a function that varies according to the hue. The hue coefficient Hg can be represented as Hg=S/M (gave≧rave, gave≧bave and gave>0). Specifically, if gave≧rave≧bave and gave>0, then Hg=rave/gave. Also, if gave≧bave≧rave and gave>0, then Hg=bave/gave. Furthermore, if at least one of gave<rave, gave<bave and gave=0 is satisfied, then Hg=1.
As described above, in the correcting section 300A, the red, green and blue correcting sections 300r, 300g and 300b make corrections using the hue coefficients Hr, Hg and Hb, respectively. If the grayscale levels of red, green and blue subpixels as indicated by the input signal satisfy rave=gave=bave=0, corrections are made on the grayscale levels of all of the red, green and blue subpixels. However, if the grayscale levels of red, green and blue subpixels as indicated by the input signal satisfy rave=gave=have=0, correction is not made on the grayscale level of any of the red, green and blue subpixels. Furthermore, if the grayscale levels of red, green and blue subpixels as indicated by the input signal satisfy rave=gave>bave≠0, corrections are made on the grayscale levels of all of the red, green and blue subpixels. Also, if the grayscale levels of the red, green and blue subpixels satisfy rave=gave>bave=0, corrections are made on the grayscale levels of the red and green subpixels. Furthermore, if the grayscale levels of red, green and blue subpixels as indicated by the input signal satisfy 0≠rave=gave<bave, corrections are made on the grayscale levels of all of the red, green and blue subpixels. On the other hand, if the grayscale levels of red, green and blue subpixels as indicated by the input signal satisfy 0=rave=gave<bave, corrections are not made on the grayscale level of any of the red, green and blue subpixels. As can be seen, if at least two of the grayscale levels of red, green and blue subpixels as indicated by the input signal are not equal to zero, at least one of the red, green and blue correcting sections 300r, 300g and 300b makes a correction.
For example, if rave>gave=bave>0, then the hue coefficient Hr=S/M and the hue coefficients Hg and Hb are one. Specifically, if (rave, gave, bave)=(100, 50, 50), the hue coefficients Hr, Hg and Hb become 0.5, 1 and 1 as shown in
The following Table 4 shows the average grayscale level of red subpixels (with the grayscale levels of bright and dark red subpixels) and the hue coefficient Hr, that of green subpixels (with the grayscale levels of bright and dark green subpixels) and the hue coefficient Hg, that of blue subpixels (with the grayscale levels of bright and dark blue subpixels) and the hue coefficient Hb, viewing angle directions, chromaticity coordinates x and y, luminances Y and chromaticity differences Δu′v′.
In the same way, if gave>rave=bave>0 (e.g., if (rave, gave, bave)=(50, 100, 50)), the chromaticity difference can be minimized by setting the hue coefficients Hr, Hg and Hb to be 1, 0.5 and 1, respectively. Also, if bave>rave=gave>0 (e.g., if (rave, gave, bave)=(50, 50, 100)), the chromaticity difference can be minimized by setting the hue coefficients Hr, Hg and Hb to be 1, 1, and 0.5, respectively. In this manner, by using the functions Max and Second, the color shift can be reduced easily. As described above, the liquid crystal display device 100A of this preferred embodiment includes the red, green and blue correcting sections 300r, 300g and 300b and controls the luminances of the respective subpixels based on the grayscale levels of red, green and blue subpixels, thereby improving the viewing angle characteristic and minimizing the color shift at the same time.
In the foregoing description, the hue coefficients Hr, Hg and Hb for use in the red, green and blue correcting sections 300r, 300g and 300b, respectively, are continuously variable within the range of zero to one. For example, if MAX (rave, gave, bave)=bave, then the hue coefficient Hb can be represented as Hb=SECOND (rave, gave, bave)/MAX (rave, gave, bave). However, this is only an example of the present invention. Optionally, at least one of the hue coefficients Hr, Hg and Hb may be binarized. For example, if the hue coefficient Hb is binarized into zero or one, at least one of the hue coefficients Hr and Hg of the red and green correcting sections 300r and 300g may be variable within the range of zero to one.
Alternatively, at least one of the hue coefficients Hr, Hg and Hb may be fixed at one. For example, the hue coefficient Hb may be fixed at one, while at least one of the hue coefficients Hr and Hg for use in the red and green correcting sections 300r and 300g may vary within the range of zero to one.
Still alternatively, the hue coefficient Hb may have a binarized value of zero or one according to the hue, while the hue coefficients Hr and Hg may be fixed at zero.
Hereinafter, a relation between the hue of the color represented by a pixel and the hue coefficient Hb will be described with reference to
a) schematically illustrates the hues of the LCD panel 200A. As shown in
If the input signal indicates that a pixel should represent the color blue, the chromaticity difference when the hue coefficient Hb is zero is smaller than the one when the hue coefficient Hb is one. On the other hand, if the input signal indicates that a pixel should represent the color magenta or cyan, the chromaticity difference when the hue coefficient Hb is zero is also smaller than the one when the hue coefficient Hb is one. That is why if the input signal indicates that a pixel should represent the color blue, magenta or cyan, the hue coefficient Hb becomes equal to zero. For example, if the average grayscale levels (rave, gave, bave) of red, green and blue subpixels are (64, 64, 128), (128, 64, 128) or (64, 128, 128), then the hue coefficient Hb becomes equal to zero.
On the other hand, if the input signal indicates that a pixel should represent the color red, the chromaticity difference when the hue coefficient Hb is one is smaller than the one when the hue coefficient Hb is zero. On the other hand, if the input signal indicates that a pixel should represent the color yellow or green, the chromaticity difference when the hue coefficient Hb is one is also smaller than the one when the hue coefficient Hb is zero. That is why if the input signal indicates that a pixel should represent the color red, yellow or green, the hue coefficient Hb becomes equal to one. For example, if the average grayscale levels (rave, gave, bave) of red, green and blue subpixels are (255, 128, 128), (255, 255, 128) or (128, 255, 128), then the hue coefficient Hb becomes equal to one.
For example, if the average grayscale level bave is equal to MAX (rave, gave, bave) and if the difference between MAX (rave, gave, bave) and bave is smaller than a predetermined value, then the hue coefficient Hb may be set to be zero. On the other hand, if the average grayscale level bave is smaller than MAX (rave, gave, bave) and if the difference between MAX (rave, gave, bave) and bave is greater than the predetermined value, then the hue coefficient Hb may be set to be one.
The following Table 5 shows the colors to be represented by a pixel, the average grayscale levels of red and green subpixels, the average grayscale levels of blue subpixels (with the grayscale levels of bright and dark blue subpixels), the hue coefficient Hb, viewing angle directions, chromaticity coordinates x and y, luminances Y and chromaticity differences Δu′v′. In this case, the average grayscale level bave of the input signal is 128. If the hue coefficient Hb is zero, then the grayscale levels of the bright and dark blue subpixels both become 128. On the other hand, if the hue coefficient Hb is one, the grayscale levels of the bright and dark blue subpixels become 175(=(2×(128/255)2.2)1/2.2×255) and 0, respectively.
By changing the hue coefficient Hb according to the hue of the color to be represented by a pixel in this manner, the color shift can be minimized.
In the example described above, the hue coefficients Hr and Hg are fixed at zero in the red and green correcting sections 300r and 300g, while the hue coefficient Hb changes into zero or one according to the hue in the blue correcting section 300b. However, the present invention is in no way limited to that specific preferred embodiment. Alternatively, the hue coefficients Hg and Hb may be fixed at zero in the green and blue correcting sections 300g and 300b, while the hue coefficient Hr may change into zero or one according to the hue in the red correcting section 300r.
Hereinafter, a relation between the hue of the color represented by a pixel and the hue coefficient Hr will be described with reference to
a) schematically illustrates the hues of the LCD panel 200A. As shown in
If the input signal indicates that a pixel should represent the color red, the chromaticity difference when the hue coefficient Hr is zero is smaller than the one when the hue coefficient Hr is one. On the other hand, if the input signal indicates that a pixel should represent the color magenta or yellow, the chromaticity difference when the hue coefficient Hr is zero is also smaller than the one when the hue coefficient Hr is one. That is why if the input signal indicates that a pixel should represent the color red, magenta or yellow, the hue coefficient Hr becomes equal to zero. For example, if the average grayscale levels (rave, gave, bave) of red, green and blue subpixels are (128, 64, 64), (128, 64, 128) or (128, 128, 64), then the hue coefficient Hr becomes equal to zero.
On the other hand, if the input signal indicates that a pixel should represent the color blue, the chromaticity difference when the hue coefficient Hr is one is smaller than the one when the hue coefficient Hr is zero. On the other hand, if the input signal indicates that a pixel should represent the color green or cyan, the chromaticity difference when the hue coefficient Hr is one is also smaller than the one when the hue coefficient Hr is zero. That is why if the input signal indicates that a pixel should represent the color blue, green or cyan, the hue coefficient Hr becomes equal to one. For example, if the average grayscale levels (rave, gave, bave) of red, green and blue subpixels are (128, 128, 255), (128, 255, 128) or (128, 255, 255), then the hue coefficient Hr becomes equal to one.
For example, if the average grayscale level rave is equal to MAX (rave, gave, bave) and if the difference between MAX (rave, gave, bave) and rave is smaller than a predetermined value, then the hue coefficient Hr may be set to be zero. On the other hand, if the average grayscale level rave is smaller than MAX (rave, gave, bave) and if the difference between MAX (rave, gave, bave) and rave is greater than the predetermined value, then the hue coefficient Hr may be set to be one.
The following Table 6 shows the colors to be represented by a pixel, the average grayscale levels of red subpixels (with the grayscale levels of bright and dark red subpixels), the hue coefficient Hr, the average grayscale levels of green and blue subpixels, viewing angle directions, chromaticity coordinates x and y, luminances Y and chromaticity differences Δu′v′. In this case, the average grayscale level rave of the input signal is 128. If the hue coefficient Hr is zero, then the grayscale levels of the bright and dark red subpixels both become 128. On the other hand, if the hue coefficient Hr is one, the grayscale levels of the bright and dark red subpixels become 175 and 0, respectively.
By changing the hue coefficient Hr according to the hue of the color to be represented by a pixel in this manner, the color shift can be minimized.
Although it will not be described in detail herein to avoid redundancies, the hue coefficients Hr and Hb may be fixed at zero in the red and blue correcting sections 300r and 300b, while the hue coefficient Hg may change into zero or one according to the hue in the green correcting section 300g. In that case, if a pixel should represent the color green, yellow or cyan, the color shift can be minimized by setting the hue coefficient Hg to be zero. On the other hand, if a pixel should represent the color blue, magenta or red, the color shift can be minimized by setting the hue coefficient Hg to be one.
In the examples described above, the hue coefficient is supposed to change in one of the red, green and blue correcting sections 300r, 300g and 300b. However, the present invention is in no way limited to that specific preferred embodiment. Optionally, the hue coefficients may also change in two of the red, green and blue correcting sections 300r, 300g and 300b.
Hereinafter, a relation between the hue of the color represented by a pixel and the hue coefficients Hr and Hb will be described with reference to
a) schematically illustrates the hues of the LCD panel 200A. As shown in
Specifically, if the input signal indicates that a pixel should represent the color magenta, the chromaticity difference when the hue coefficients Hr and Hb are both zero is smaller than the one when the hue coefficients Hr and Hb are any other combination. That is why the hue coefficients Hr and Hb are both equal to zero, the grayscale level r1′ is equal to the grayscale level r2′, and the grayscale level b1′ is equal to the grayscale level b2′.
On the other hand, if the input signal indicates that a pixel should represent the color red or yellow, the chromaticity difference when the hue coefficients Hr and Hb are zero and one, respectively, is smaller than the one when the hue coefficients Hr and Hb are any other combination. That is why the hue coefficients Hr and Hb are equal to zero and one, respectively, the grayscale level r1′ is equal to the grayscale level r2′, and the grayscale level b1′ is different from the grayscale level b2′.
Furthermore, if the input signal indicates that a pixel should represent the color blue or cyan, the chromaticity difference when the hue coefficients Hr and Hb are one and zero, respectively, is smaller than the one when the hue coefficients Hr and Hb are any other combination. That is why the hue coefficients Hr and Hb are equal to one and zero, respectively, the grayscale level r1′ is different from the grayscale level r2′, and the grayscale level b1′ is equal to the grayscale level b2′.
Furthermore, if the input signal indicates that a pixel should represent the color green, the chromaticity difference when the hue coefficients Hr and Hb are both one is smaller than the one when the hue coefficients Hr and Hb are any other combination. That is why the hue coefficients Hr and Hb are both equal to one, the grayscale level r1′ is different from the grayscale level r2′, and the grayscale level b1′ is different from the grayscale level b2′. FIG. 15(e) shows how the grayscale levels r1′, r2′, b1′ and b2′ change if the hue coefficients Hr and Hb are both one. For example, if the average grayscale levels (rave, gave, bave) of red, green and blue subpixel are (64, 128, 64), the chromaticity difference can be minimized by setting both of the hue coefficients Hr and Hb to be one.
For example, if the average grayscale level rave is equal to MAX (rave, gave, bave) and if the difference between MAX (rave, gave, bave) and rave is smaller than a predetermined value, then the hue coefficient Hr may be set to be zero. On the other hand, if the average grayscale level rave is smaller than MAX (rave, gave, bave) and if the difference between MAX (rave, gave, bave) and rave is greater than the predetermined value, then the hue coefficient Hr may be set to be one. Also, if the average grayscale level bave is equal to MAX (rave, gave, bave) and if the difference between MAX (rave, gave, bave) and bave is smaller than a predetermined value, then the hue coefficient Hb may be set to be zero. On the other hand, if the average grayscale level bave is smaller than MAX (rave, gave, bave) and if the difference between MAX (rave, gave, bave) and bave is greater than the predetermined value, then the hue coefficient Hb may be set to be one.
The following Table 7 shows the colors to be represented by a pixel, the grayscale levels of red subpixels (with the grayscale levels of bright and dark red subpixels), the hue coefficient Hr, the average grayscale levels of a green subpixel, the average grayscale levels of blue subpixels (with the grayscale levels of bright and dark blue subpixels), the hue coefficient Hb, viewing angle directions, chromaticity coordinates x and y, luminances Y and chromaticity differences Δu′v′. In this case, the average grayscale levels rave and bave of the input signal are 64 or 128. If the hue coefficients Hr and Hb are zero, then the grayscale levels of the bright and dark subpixels both become 64 or 128. On the other hand, if the hue coefficients Hr and Hb are one, the grayscale levels of the bright and dark subpixels become 88(=(2×(64/255)2.2)1/2.2×255) and zero when the average grayscale level is 64 and the grayscale levels of the bright and dark subpixels become 175(=(2×(128/255)2.2)1/2.2×255) and zero when the average grayscale level is 128.
As described above, if a pixel should represent the color magenta, the chromaticity difference Δu′v′ can be minimized by setting both of the hue coefficients Hr and Hb to be zero. On the other hand, if a pixel should represent the color red or yellow, the chromaticity difference Δu′v′ can be minimized by setting the hue coefficients Hr and Hb to be zero and one, respectively.
Also, if a pixel should represent the color blue or cyan, the chromaticity difference Δu′v′ can be minimized by setting the hue coefficients Hr and Hb to be one and zero, respectively. Furthermore, if a pixel should represent the color green, the chromaticity difference Δu′v′ can be minimized by setting both of the hue coefficients Hr and Hb to be one. By changing the hue coefficients Hr and Hb according to the hue of the color to be represented by a pixel in this manner, the color shift can be minimized. As already mentioned, at least one of the hue coefficients Hr, Hg and Hb may be binarized.
If subpixels, other than the subpixel to turn ON, are in OFF state and if there is a significant difference in luminance between those OFF-state subpixels and the subpixel that has been turned ON, a decrease in resolution is easily sensible. In this liquid crystal display device 100A, however, if the grayscale levels of red, green and blue subpixels as indicated by the input signal are (0, 0, 128), for example, then the hue coefficient Hb is zero, the grayscale level of the blue subpixel as indicated by the input signal does not change, and the luminances of the blue subpixels B1 and B2 become equal to each other. By preventing the correcting section 300A from changing the grayscale levels in this manner when a decrease in resolution is easily sensible, a substantial decrease in resolution can be avoided.
In the example described above, the grayscale level b1 indicated by the input signal is equal to the grayscale level b2. However, the present invention is in no way limited to that specific preferred embodiment. Alternatively, the grayscale level b1 indicated by the input signal may be different from the grayscale level b2. Nevertheless, if the grayscale level b1 is different from the grayscale level b2, then the luminance level Yb1 that has been subjected to the grayscale-luminance conversion by the grayscale-to-luminance converting section 360a shown in
Specifically, if the grayscale level b1 is higher than the grayscale level b2, the luminance-to-grayscale converting sections 380a and 380b perform luminance-to-grayscale conversion based on the sum of the luminance level Yb1 and the magnitude of shift ΔSα and the difference between the luminance level Yb2 and the magnitude of shift ΔSβ, respectively. In that case, as shown in
Now take a look at four pixels, which are arranged in upper left, upper right, lower left and lower right portions of a matrix and will be referred to herein as pixels P1 through P4, respectively. Also, the grayscale levels of respective blue subpixels as indicated by the input signal with respect to those pixels P1 through P4 will be identified herein by b1 through b4, respectively. As already described with reference to
Also, suppose the input signal indicates that the pixels P1 and P3 should have high grayscales, the pixels P2 and P4 should have low grayscales, there is a display boundary between the pixels P1 and P3 and between the pixels P2 and P4, the grayscale levels b1 and b2 satisfy b1>b2, and the grayscale levels b3 and b4 satisfy b3>b4. In that case, the difference between the respective luminances corresponding to the grayscale levels b1′ and b2′ will be bigger than the difference between the respective luminances corresponding to the grayscale levels b1 and b2. On the other hand, the difference between the respective luminances corresponding to the grayscale levels b3′ and b4′ will be smaller than the difference between the respective luminances corresponding to the grayscale levels b3 and b4.
Also, as described above, if the color indicated by the input signal is a single color (such as the color blue), then the hue coefficient Hb is either equal to, or close to, zero. In that case, the magnitude of shift decreases, the input signal is output as it is, and therefore, the resolution can be maintained. On the other hand, if the color indicated by the input signal is an achromatic color, then the hue coefficient Hb is either equal to, or close to, one. In that case, the luminance difference in a corrected image will increase and decrease from one column of pixels to another compared to the original image, thus making the edges look uneven and causing a decrease in resolution. Furthermore, if the grayscale levels b1 and b2 are either equal to, or close to, each other, such unevenness is not so noticeable considering the human visual sense. However, the bigger the difference between the grayscale levels b1 and b2, the more noticeable such unevenness gets.
Hereinafter, a specific example will be described with reference to
a) shows the luminances of blue subpixels in the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 1. Only blue subpixels are shown in
b) shows the luminances of blue subpixels in the liquid crystal display device 100A. In this liquid crystal display device 100A, the grayscale level b1′ of the blue subpixel of the pixel P1 is higher than the grayscale level b1, the grayscale level b2′ of the blue subpixel of the pixel P2 is lower than the grayscale level b2, the grayscale level b3′ of the blue subpixel of the pixel P3 is lower than the grayscale level b3, and the grayscale level b4′ of the blue subpixel of the pixel P4 is higher than the grayscale level b4. In this manner, in any two pixels that are adjacent to each other in either the row direction or the column direction, the grayscale level (luminance) alternately increases and decreases with respect to the one indicated by the input signal. That is why comparing
In the example described above, the magnitude of shift ΔSα is obtained as the product of the luminance level difference ΔYbα and the hue coefficient Hb and the magnitude of shift ΔSβ is obtained as the product of the luminance level difference ΔYbβ and the hue coefficient Hb. To avoid that, however, a different parameter may be used in determining the magnitudes of shift ΔSα and ΔSβ. In general, when a text image is displayed, for example, the grayscale levels b1 and b2 are significantly different from each other in edges between a line of pixels that are displayed in the column direction and their adjacent pixels that are displayed in the background. That is why if the hue coefficient Hb is close to one, the difference between the grayscale levels b1′ and b2′ may further increase and the image quality may decrease as a result of the correction. To avoid such a situation, a continuous coefficient representing the degree of color continuity between adjacent pixels as indicated by the input signal may also be used as an additional parameter to calculate the magnitudes of shift ΔSα and ΔSβ. If there is a relatively big difference between the grayscale levels b1 and b2, the magnitudes of shift ΔSα and ΔSβ may vary according to the continuous coefficient so as to be decreased either to zero or significantly. As a result, the decrease in image quality can be minimized. For example, if there is a relatively small difference between the grayscale levels b1 and b2, then the continuous coefficient increases and the luminances of blue subpixels belonging to adjacent pixels are controlled. However, if there is a relatively big difference between the grayscale levels b1 and b2 in the image boundary area, then the continuous coefficient may decrease and the luminances of the blue subpixels need not be controlled.
Hereinafter, a blue correcting section 300b′ for controlling the luminances of blue subpixels as described above will be described with reference to
The edge determining section 390 obtains an edge coefficient HE based on the grayscale levels b1 and b2 that are indicated by the input signal. The edge coefficient HE is a function that increases as the difference in grayscale level between the blue subpixels of two adjacent pixels increases. If there is a relatively big difference between the grayscale levels b1 and b2 (i.e., if there is a low degree of continuity between the grayscale levels b1 and b2), then the edge coefficient HE is high. On the other hand, if there is a relatively small difference between the grayscale levels b1 and b2 (i.e., if there is a high degree of continuity between the grayscale levels b1 and b2), then the edge coefficient HE is low. In this manner, the lower the continuity in grayscale level between the blue subpixels of two adjacent pixels (i.e., the smaller the continuous coefficient described above), the higher the edge coefficient HE. And the higher the continuity in grayscale level between them (i.e., the greater the continuous coefficient described above), the lower the edge coefficient HE.
Also, the edge coefficient HE changes continuously according to the difference in grayscale level between the blue subpixels of two adjacent pixels. For example, if the absolute value of the difference in grayscale level between the blue subpixels of two adjacent pixels is |b1−b2| and if MAX=MAX (b1, b2), then the edge coefficient HE can be represented as HE=|b1−b2|/MAX. However, if MAX=0, then HE=0.
Next, the coefficient calculating section 395 calculates a correction coefficient HC based on the hue coefficient Hb that has been obtained by the hue determining section 340 and the edge coefficient HE that has been obtained by the edge determining section 390. The correction coefficient HC may be represented as HC=Hb−HE, for example. Optionally, clipping may be carried out so that the correction coefficient HC falls within the range of 0 to 1 in the coefficient calculating section 395. Subsequently, the multiplying section 350 multiplies the correction coefficient HC and the luminance level differences ΔYBα and ΔYBβ together, thereby obtaining the magnitudes of shift ΔSα and ΔSβ.
In this manner, the blue correcting section 300b′ obtains the magnitudes of shift ΔSα and ΔSβ by multiplying together the correction coefficient HC, which has been obtained based on the hue coefficient Hb and the edge coefficient HE, and the luminance level differences ΔYBα and ΔYBβ. As described above, the edge coefficient HE is a function that increases as the difference in grayscale level between the blue subpixels of two adjacent pixels increases. That is why the greater the edge coefficient HE, the smaller the correction coefficient HC that regulates the distribution of luminances and the less uneven the edges can get. As also described above, the hue coefficient Hb is a function that changes continuously and the edge coefficient HE is also a function that changes continuously according to the difference in grayscale level between the blue subpixels of two adjacent pixels. For that reason, the correction coefficient HC also changes continuously and a sudden change on the display can be minimized.
In the example described above, the hue and the level difference are supposed to be determined based on the average grayscale level. However, this is only an example of the present invention. Alternatively, the hue and the level difference may also be determined based on the average luminance level. Nevertheless, since the luminance level is obtained by raising the grayscale level to the 2.2th power, the precision required also needs to be increased to the same degree. For that reason, the lookup table that stores the luminance level difference needs a huge circuit size, while the lookup table that stores the grayscale level difference can be implemented in a small circuit size.
As described above, the red, green and blue correcting sections 300r, 300g and 300b appropriately control their associated hue coefficients Hr, Hg and Hb, thereby minimizing the color shift.
As can be seen from
In that case, it is preferred that the hue coefficients Hr and Hg be smaller than the hue coefficient Hb. If the hue coefficient Hb is relatively large, then there will be a relatively big difference in luminance level between the blue subpixels. However, it is known that to the human eye, the resolution of the color blue is lower than that of any other color. Particularly when the red and green subpixels of the same pixel as the blue subpixel are turned ON, even if there is a relatively big difference in luminance between the blue subpixels, the decrease in the substantial resolution of the color blue is hardly sensible. In view of this consideration, it is more effective to correct the grayscale level of the blue subpixels than doing the same for subpixels of any other color. Also, as for colors other than the color blue, it is also known that the color red also has a relatively low resolution. That is why even if the subpixel, of which the nominal resolution will decrease in an achromatic color with a middle grayscale, is a red subpixel, a decrease in substantial resolution is no more easily sensible to the eye than the blue subpixel is. Consequently, the same effect can be achieved even for the color red, too.
Furthermore, in the example described above, the correcting section 300A is supposed to include the red, green and blue correcting sections 300r, 300g and 300b. However, the present invention is in no way limited to that specific preferred embodiment.
That is to say, the correcting section 300A may have only the red correcting section 300r with no green correcting section or blue correcting section as shown in
Also, as described above, the LCD panel 200A operates in the VA mode. Hereinafter, a specific exemplary configuration for the LCD panel 200A will be described. The LCD panel 200A may operate in the MVA mode. A configuration for such an MVA mode LCD panel 200A will be described with reference to
The LCD panel 200A includes pixel electrodes 224, a counter electrode 244 that faces the pixel electrodes 224, and a vertical alignment liquid crystal layer 260 that is interposed between the pixel electrodes 224 and the counter electrode 244. No alignment layers are shown in
Slits 227 or ribs 228 are arranged on the pixel electrodes 224 in contact with the liquid crystal layer 260. On the other hand, slits 247 or ribs 248 are arranged on the counter electrode 244 in contact with the liquid crystal layer 260. The former group of slits 227 or ribs 228 on the pixel electrodes 224 will be referred to herein as “first alignment control means”, while the latter group of slits 247 or ribs 248 on the counter electrode 244 as “second alignment control means”.
In each liquid crystal region defined between the first and second alignment control means, liquid crystal molecules 262 are given alignment control force by the first and second alignment control means and will fall (or tilt) in the direction indicated by the arrows in
The first and second alignment control means (which will sometimes be collectively referred to herein as “alignment control means”) are arranged in stripes in each subpixel.
In
Unlike the configuration shown in
Unlike the configuration shown in
As described above, such ribs and slits may be used in any arbitrary combination as the first and second alignment control means. If the configuration shown in
On the surface of an insulating substrate 222, arranged in contact with a liquid crystal layer 260 are gate bus lines (scan lines), source bus lines (signal lines) and TFTs (none of which are shown in
Striped slits 227 have been cut through the pixel electrodes 224. And almost the entire surface of the pixel electrodes 224, as well as inside the slits 227, is covered with a vertical alignment layer (not shown). As shown in FIG. 22, those slits 227 run in stripes. Two adjacent slits 227 are arranged parallel to each other so that each slit 227 splits the gap between its adjacent ribs 248 into two substantially evenly.
In the region between a striped slit 227 and its associated rib 248, which are arranged parallel to each other, the alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules 262 is controlled by the slit 227 and the rib 248 that interpose that region. As a result, two domains are produced on both sides of the slit 227 and on both sides of the rib 248 so that the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 262 in one of those two domains is different from that of the liquid crystal molecules 262 in the other domain by 180 degrees. In this LCD panel 200A, the slits 227 are arranged to run in two different directions that define an angle of 90 degrees between them, so are the ribs 248 as shown in
Also, two polarizers (not shown) to put on the outside of the insulating substrates 222 and 242 are arranged as crossed Nicols so that their transmission axes cross each other substantially at right angles. If the polarizers are arranged so that the alignment direction in each of the four domains, which is different by 90 degrees from the one in any adjacent domain, and the transmission axis of its associated one of the polarizers define an angle of 45 degrees between them, the variation in retardation due to the creation of those domains can be used most efficiently. For that reason, the polarizers are preferably arranged so that their transmission axes define an angle of substantially 45 degrees with respect to the directions in which the slits 227 and the ribs 248 run. Also, in a display device such as a TV to which the viewer often changes his or her viewing direction horizontally, the transmission axis of one of the two polarizers is preferably arranged horizontally with respect to the display screen in order to reduce the viewing angle dependence of the display quality. In the LCD panel 200A with such a configuration, when a predetermined voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 260, a number of regions (i.e., domains) where the liquid crystal molecules 262 tilt in mutually different directions are produced in each subpixel, thus realizing a display with a wide viewing angle.
In the preferred embodiment described above, the LCD panel 200A is supposed to operate in the MVA mode. However, this is just an example of the present invention. Alternatively, the LCD panel 200A may also operate in a CPA mode.
Hereinafter, a CPA mode LCD panel 200A will be described with reference to
When a voltage is applied to between the subpixel electrode 224r, 224g, 224b with such a configuration and the counter electrode (not shown), an oblique electric field is generated around the outer periphery of the subpixel electrode 224r, 224g, 224b and inside its notches 224β, thereby producing a number of liquid crystal domains in which liquid crystal molecules are aligned axisymmetrically (i.e., have radially tilted orientations) as shown in
The subpixel electrode 224r, 224g, 224b shown in
In the examples illustrated in
In the preferred embodiment described above, the luminances of blue subpixels are supposed to be controlled by using, as a unit, two blue subpixels belonging to two pixels that are arranged adjacent to each other in the row direction. However, the present invention is in no way limited to that specific preferred embodiment. Alternatively, the luminances of blue subpixels may also be controlled by using, as a unit, two blue subpixels belonging to two pixels that are arranged adjacent to each other in the column direction. Nevertheless, if those blue subpixels belonging to two adjacent pixels in the column direction are used as a unit, line memories and other circuit components are needed, thus increasing the circuit size required.
b) is a schematic representation illustrating the grayscale control section 300t. In the grayscale control section 300t, the average grayscale level bave of the grayscale levels b1 and b2 is calculated by using an adding section 310b. Next, a grayscale level difference section 320 calculates two grayscale level differences Δbα and Δbβ with respect to the single average grayscale level bave. Thereafter, a grayscale-to-luminance converting section 330 converts the grayscale level differences Δbα and Δbβ into luminance level differences ΔYbα and ΔYbβ, respectively.
Meanwhile, the average grayscale level rave of the grayscale levels 1l and r2 is calculated by using an adding section 310r. And the average grayscale level gave of the grayscale levels g1 and g2 is calculated by using an adding section 310g. Then, a hue determining section 340 calculates a hue coefficient Hb based on these average grayscale levels rave, gave and bave.
Next, the magnitudes of shift ΔSα and ΔSβ are calculated. In this case, the magnitude of shift ΔSα is obtained as the product of ΔYbα and the hue coefficient Hb, while the magnitude of shift ΔSβ is obtained as the product of ΔYbβ and the hue coefficient Hb. A multiplying section 350 multiplies the luminance level differences ΔYbα and ΔYbβ by the hue coefficient Hb, thereby obtaining the magnitudes of shift ΔSα and ΔSβ.
Meanwhile, a grayscale-to-luminance converting section 360a carries out a grayscale-to-luminance conversion on the grayscale level b1, thereby obtaining a luminance level Yb1. In the same way, another grayscale-to-luminance converting section 360b carries out a grayscale-to-luminance conversion on the grayscale level b2, thereby obtaining a luminance level Yba. Next, an adding and subtracting section 370a adds the luminance level Yb1 and the magnitude of shift ΔSα together, and then the sum is subjected to luminance-to-grayscale conversion by a luminance-to-grayscale converting section 380a, thereby obtaining a grayscale level b1′. On the other hand, another adding and subtracting section 370b subtracts the magnitude of shift ΔSβ from the luminance level Yb2, and then the remainder is subjected to luminance-to-grayscale conversion by another luminance-to-grayscale converting section 380b, thereby obtaining a grayscale level b2′. After that, the second-stage line memories 300u delay the output of the grayscale levels r2, g2 and b2′ by one line as shown in
In the preferred embodiment described above, the input signal is supposed to be a YCrCb signal, which is usually used as a color TV signal. However, the input signal does not have to be a YCrCb signal but may also indicate the grayscale levels of respective subpixels representing either the three primary colors of R, G and B or any other set of three primary colors such as Ye, M and C (where Ye denotes yellow, M denotes magenta and C denotes cyan).
Also, in the preferred embodiment described above, the grayscale levels are supposed to be indicated by the input signal and the correcting section 300A is supposed to correct the grayscale level of blue subpixels. However, the present invention is in no way limited to that specific preferred embodiment. Alternatively, the luminance levels may be indicated by the input signal. Or the grayscale levels may be converted into luminance levels and then the correcting section 300A may correct the luminance level of blue subpixels. Nevertheless, the luminance level is obtained by raising the grayscale level to the 2.2th power and the precision of the luminance level should be higher than that of the grayscale level to the same degree. That is why a circuit for correcting the grayscale levels can be implemented at a lower cost than a circuit for correcting the luminance levels.
Furthermore, in the preferred embodiment described above, when an achromatic color should be represented, the grayscale levels of red, green and blue subpixels yet to be entered into the LCD panel 200A are supposed to be equal to each other. However, this is just an example of the present invention. Optionally, the liquid crystal display device may further include an independent gamma correction processing section for performing independent gamma correction processing. And even when an achromatic color needs to be represented, the grayscale levels of red, green and blue subpixels yet to be entered into the LCD panel 200A may be slightly different from each other.
Hereinafter, a liquid crystal display device 100A′ that further includes an independent gamma correction processing section 280 will be described with reference to
In the liquid crystal display device 100A′ shown in
The independent gamma correction processing section 280 includes red, green and blue processing sections 282r, 282g and 282b for performing independent gamma correction processing on the grayscale levels r′, g′ and b′, respectively. As a result of the independent gamma correction processing that has been performed by these processing sections 282r, 282g and 282b, the grayscale levels r′, g′ and b′ are converted into grayscale levels rg′, gg′ and bg′, respectively. In the same way, grayscale levels r, g and b are converted into grayscale levels rg, gg and bg, respectively. After that, those grayscale levels rg′, gg′ and bg′ through rg, gg and bg that have been subjected to the independent gamma correction processing by the independent gamma correction processing section 280 are input to the LCD panel 200A.
In the liquid crystal display device 100A′ shown in
In the preferred embodiment described above, each subpixel is supposed to have a single luminance. However, the present invention is in no way limited to that specific preferred embodiment. Optionally, a multi-pixel structure may be adopted and each subpixel may have multiple regions with mutually different luminances.
Hereinafter, a second specific preferred embodiment of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention will be described with reference to
a) illustrates how pixels and subpixels, included in each of those pixels, may be arranged in this LCD panel 200B. As an example,
In this liquid crystal display device 100B, each of the three subpixels R, G and B has two divided regions. Specifically, the red subpixel R has first and second regions Ra and Rb, the green subpixel G has first and second regions Ga and Gb, and the blue subpixel B has first and second regions Ba and Bb.
In each of these subpixels R, G and B, the luminance values of its multiple regions may be controlled to be different from each other. As a result, the viewing angle dependence of the gamma characteristic, which refers to a phenomenon that the gamma characteristic when the display screen is viewed straight on is different from the one when the display screen is viewed obliquely, can be reduced. Methods for reducing the viewing angle dependence of the gamma characteristic are disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publications Nos. 2004-62146 and 2004-78157, for example. By controlling the luminances of multiple different regions of each of those subpixels R, G and B so that those luminances are different from each other, the viewing angle dependence of the gamma characteristic can be reduced as well as is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publications Nos. 2004-62146 and 2004-78157. Such a red, green and blue (R, G and B) structure is also called a “divided structure”. In the following description, one of the first and second regions that has the higher luminance will sometimes be referred to herein as a “bright region” and the other region with the lower luminance as a “dark region”.
b) illustrates a configuration for a blue subpixel B in the liquid crystal display device 100B. Although not shown in
The blue subpixel B has two regions Ba and Bb that are defined by divided electrodes 224x and 224y, respectively. A TFT 230x and a storage capacitor 232x are connected to the divided electrode 224x and a TFT 230y and a storage capacitor 232y are connected to the divided electrode 224y. The TFTs 230x and 230y have their respective gate electrodes connected to the same gate bus line Gate and have their respective source electrodes connected in common to the same source bus line S. The storage capacitors 232x and 232y are connected to CS bus lines CS1 and CS2, respectively. The storage capacitor 232x is formed by a storage capacitor electrode that is electrically connected to the divided electrode 224x, a storage capacitor counter electrode that is electrically connected to the CS bus line CS1, and an insulating layer (not shown) that is arranged between those two electrodes. Likewise, the storage capacitor 232y is formed by a storage capacitor electrode that is electrically connected to the divided electrode 224y, a storage capacitor counter electrode that is electrically connected to the CS bus line CS2, and an insulating layer (not shown) that is arranged between those two electrodes. The storage capacitor counter electrodes of the storage capacitors 232x and 232y are independent of each other and can be supplied with mutually different storage capacitor counter voltages through the CS bus lines CS1 and CS2, respectively. Thus, after a voltage has been applied to the divided electrodes 224x and 224y through the source bus line S while the TFTs 230x and 230y are in ON state, the TFTs 230x and 230y may turn OFF and the potentials on the CS bus lines CS1 and CS2 may vary into different values. In that case, the divided electrode 224x will have a different effective voltage from the divided electrode 224y. As a result, the first region Ba comes to have a different luminance from the second region Bb.
a) and 30(b) illustrate how the LCD panel 200B may look in this liquid crystal display device 100B. In
First of all, it will be described with reference to
In this case, the red, green and blue correcting sections 300r, 300g and 300b shown in
Using two subpixels belonging to two adjacent pixels as a unit, each of the red, green and blue correcting sections 300r, 300g and 300b controls the luminances of those subpixels. That is why even if the input signal indicates that such subpixels belonging to two adjacent pixels have the same grayscale level, the LCD panel 200B corrects the grayscale level so that those two subpixels have mutually different luminances. In this preferred embodiment, each of the red, green and blue correcting sections 300r, 300g and 300b makes correction on the grayscale levels of its associated subpixels belonging to two pixels that are adjacent to each other in the row direction. As a result of the correction that has been made by each of the red, green and blue correcting sections 300r, 300g and 300b, one of the two subpixels belonging to those two adjacent pixels has its luminance increased by the magnitude of shift ΔSα, while the other subpixel has its luminance decreased by the magnitude of shift ΔSβ. Consequently, those two subpixels belonging to the two adjacent pixels have mutually different luminances. In this case, the luminance of the bright subpixel is higher than a luminance corresponding to a reference grayscale level, while that of the dark subpixel is lower than the luminance corresponding to the reference grayscale level. Also, when the screen is viewed straight on, the difference between the luminance of the bright subpixel and the luminance corresponding to the reference grayscale level is substantially equal to the difference between the luminance corresponding to the reference grayscale level and the luminance of the dark subpixel. That is why the average of the luminances of respective subpixels belonging to two adjacent pixels in this LCD panel 200B is substantially equal to that of the luminances corresponding to the grayscale levels of two adjacent subpixels as indicated by the input signal. In this manner, the red, green and blue correcting sections 300r, 300g and 300b make corrections, thereby improving the viewing angle characteristic when the screen is viewed obliquely. In
For example, if the input signal indicates that the grayscale levels of the red, green and blue subpixels should be (100, 100, 100), the liquid crystal display device 100B corrects the grayscale levels of those red, green and blue subpixels into either 137(=(2×(100/255)2.2)1/2.2×255) or zero. As a result, in the LCD panel 200B, the red, green and blue subpixels R1, G1 and B1 belonging to the pixel P1 come to have luminances corresponding to the grayscale levels (137, 0, 137), while the red, green and blue subpixels R2, G2 and B2 belonging to the pixel P2 come to have luminances corresponding to the grayscale levels (0, 137, 0).
In this LCD panel 200B, the red and blue subpixels R1 and B1 of the pixel P1 and the green subpixel G2 of the pixel P2 have an overall luminance corresponding to the grayscale level 137, the regions Ra, Ga and Ba of the red, green and blue subpixels R1, G2 and B1 have a luminance corresponding to the grayscale level 188(=(2×(137/255)2.2)1/2.2×255), and the regions Rb, Gb and Bb of the red, green and blue subpixels R1, G2 and B1 have a luminance corresponding to the grayscale level 0. On the other hand, the red, green and blue subpixels R2, G1 and B2 have an overall luminance corresponding to the grayscale level 0 and the regions Ra and Rb of the red subpixel R2, the regions Ga and Gb of the green subpixel G1 and the regions Ba and Bb of the blue subpixel B2 have a luminance corresponding to the grayscale level 0.
If a multi-pixel drive is performed, the distribution of the luminance levels Yb1 and Yb2 to the regions Ba and Bb of the blue subpixels B1 and B2 is determined by the structure and settings of the LCD panel 200B although not described in detail herein. Specifically, when viewed straight on, the LCD panel 200B may be designed so that the average luminance of the regions Ba and Bb of the blue subpixel B1 agrees with the luminance corresponding to the grayscale level b1′ or b2′ of the blue subpixel.
Next, it will be described with reference to
For example, if the input signal indicates that the grayscale levels of the red, green and blue subpixels should be (50, 50, 100), the liquid crystal display device 100B corrects the grayscale levels of the red and green subpixels into either 69(=(2×(50/255)2.2)1/2.2×255) or zero. On the other hand, the liquid crystal display device 100B corrects the grayscale level of the blue subpixel differently from the red and green subpixels. Specifically, the grayscale level of 100 of the blue subpixel indicated by the input signal is corrected into either 121 or 74. It should be noted that 2×(100/255)2.2=(121/255)2.2+(74/255)2.2. Consequently, the red, green and blue subpixels R1, G1 and B1 belonging to the pixel P1 in this LCD panel 200B come to have luminances corresponding to the grayscale levels (69, 0, 121) and the red, green and blue subpixels R2, G2 and B2 belonging to the pixel P2 come to have luminances corresponding to the grayscale levels (0, 69, 74).
In this LCD panel 200B, the red subpixel R1 of the pixel P1 has an overall luminance corresponding to the grayscale level 69, the region Ra of the red subpixel R1 has a luminance corresponding to the grayscale level 95(=(2×(69/255)2.2)1/2.2×255), and the region Rb of the red subpixel R1 has a luminance corresponding to the grayscale level 0. In the same way, the region Ga of the green subpixel G2 has a luminance corresponding to the grayscale level 95(=(2×(69/255)2.2)1/2.2×255), and the region Gb of the green subpixel G2 has a luminance corresponding to the grayscale level 0.
The blue subpixel B1 of the pixel P1 has an overall luminance corresponding to the grayscale level 121, the region Ba of the blue subpixel B1 has a luminance corresponding to the grayscale level 167(=(2×(121/255)2.2)1/2.2×255), and the region Bb of the blue subpixel B1 has a luminance corresponding to the grayscale level 0. In the same way, the blue subpixel B2 has an overall luminance corresponding to the grayscale level 74, the region Ba of the blue subpixel B2 has a luminance corresponding to the grayscale level 0, and the region Bb of the blue subpixel B2 has a luminance corresponding to the grayscale level 102(=(2×(74/255)2.2)1/2.2×255).
In the preferred embodiments of the present invention described above, the luminance is supposed to be controlled using two subpixels belonging to two adjacent pixels as a unit. However, the present invention is in no way limited to those specific preferred embodiments. Optionally, the luminance may also be controlled using multiple different regions of a single subpixel as a unit.
Hereinafter, a third specific preferred embodiment of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention will be described with reference to
a) illustrates how pixels may be arranged in the LCD panel 200C and how subpixels may be arranged in each of those pixels. In
In this liquid crystal display device 100C, each of the three subpixels R, G and B has two divided regions. Specifically, the red subpixel R has first and second regions Ra and Rb, the green subpixel G has first and second regions Ga and Gb, and the blue subpixel B has first and second regions Ba and Bb. The luminances of these two different regions of each subpixel are controllable independently of each other.
b) illustrates a configuration for a blue subpixel B in the liquid crystal display device 100C. Although not shown in
The blue subpixel B has two regions Ba and Bb that are respectively defined by divided electrodes 224x and 224y, to which TFTs 230x and 230y are respectively connected. The TFTs 230x and 230y have their respective gate electrodes connected to the same gate bus line Gate and have their respective source electrodes connected to two different source bus lines S1 and S2, respectively. Thus, while the TFTs 230x and 230y are in ON state, a voltage is applied to the divided electrodes 224x and 224y through the source bus lines S1 and S2, respectively, and the first region Ba may have a different luminance from the second region Bb.
In this LCD panel 200C, the voltage to be applied to the divided electrodes 224x and 224y can be set much more flexibly than in the LCD panel 200B described above. Thus, in this LCD panel 200C, the luminances can be controlled using multiple different regions of a single subpixel as a unit. In this LCD panel 200C, however, two source bus lines are provided for each column of subpixels and the source driver (not shown) needs to perform two different series of signal processing on the single column of subpixels.
In this LCD panel 200C, the luminances are controlled using multiple different regions of a single subpixel as a unit, and therefore, the resolution never decreases. When a middle grayscale is displayed, however, regions with low luminance may be sensed according to the pixel size and the color to be represented, and the display quality may be debased. To overcome such a problem, in this liquid crystal display device 100C, the correcting section 300C minimizes such a decline in display quality.
a) and 33(b) illustrate how the LCD panel 200C may look in this liquid crystal display device 100C. In
First of all, it will be described with reference to
In this case, the red, green and blue correcting sections 300r, 300g and 300b shown in
Since the red and green correcting sections 300r and 300g operate in the same way as the blue correcting section 300b, only the operation of the blue correcting section 300b will be described. Specifically, the blue correcting section 300b controls the luminance of the blue subpixel B1 using its multiple different regions as a unit and corrects the grayscale levels so that those regions Ba and Bb of the blue subpixel B1 have mutually different luminances on the LCD panel 200C.
As a result of the correction that has been made by the blue correcting section 300b, the region Ba of the blue subpixel B1 has its luminance increased by the magnitude of shift ΔSα, while the other region Bb thereof has its luminance decreased by the magnitude of shift ΔSβ. Consequently, those two regions Ba and Bb of the blue subpixel B1 have mutually different luminances. In this case, the luminance of the bright region is higher than a luminance corresponding to a reference grayscale level, while that of the dark region is lower than the luminance corresponding to the reference grayscale level. Also, when the screen is viewed straight on, the first and second regions Ba and Bb have substantially the same area, the difference between the luminance of the bright region and the luminance corresponding to the reference grayscale level is substantially equal to the difference between the luminance corresponding to the reference grayscale level and the luminance of the dark region. That is why the average of the luminances of those two regions Ba and Bb on this LCD panel 200C is substantially equal to the luminance corresponding to the grayscale level of the blue subpixel as indicated by the input signal. The blue correcting section 300b makes correction in this manner, thereby improving the viewing angle characteristic when the screen is viewed obliquely.
Next, it will be described with reference to
For example, if the input signal indicates that the grayscale levels of the red, green and blue subpixels should be (50, 50, 100), the liquid crystal display device 100C corrects the grayscale levels of the red and green subpixels into either 69(=(2×(50/255)2.2)1/2.2×255) or zero. On the other hand, the liquid crystal display device 100C corrects the grayscale level of the blue subpixel differently from the red and green subpixels. Specifically, the grayscale level of 100 of the blue subpixel indicated by the input signal is corrected into either 121 or 74. It should be noted that 2×(100/255)2.2=(121/255)2.2+(74/255)2.2. Consequently, the regions Ra, Ga and Ba of the red, green and blue subpixels R1, G1 and B1 in this LCD panel 200C come to have luminances corresponding to the grayscale levels (69, 0, 121), while the regions Rb, Gb and Bb of the red, green and blue subpixels R1, G1 and B1 come to have luminances corresponding to the grayscale levels (0, 69, 74).
In the LCD panel 200C described above, the number of source bus lines to provide is supposed to be double the number of columns of subpixels. However, the present invention is in no way limited to that specific preferred embodiment. Alternatively, the number of source bus lines may be the same as that of columns of subpixels and the number of gate bus lines to provide may be double the number of rows of subpixels.
In the second and third preferred embodiments of the present invention described above, each subpixel R, G or B is supposed to be split into two regions. However, the present invention is in no way limited to those specific preferred embodiments. Optionally, each subpixel R, G or B may be divided into three or more regions.
Hereinafter, a fourth preferred embodiment of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention will be described. As shown in
b) is an equivalent circuit diagram of a region of the LCD panel 200D. In this LCD panel 200D, subpixels are arranged in columns and rows so as to form a matrix pattern. Each of those subpixels has two regions, of which the luminances may be different from each other. Since the configuration of each subpixel is the same as what has already been described with reference to
Now look at the subpixel that is defined by a gate bus line GBL_n representing an nth row and a source bus line SBL_m representing an mth column. Region A of that subpixel includes a liquid crystal capacitor CLCA_n,m and a storage capacitor CCSA_n,m, while region B of that subpixel includes a liquid crystal capacitor CLCB_n,m and a storage capacitor CCSB_n,m. Each liquid crystal capacitor is formed by a divided electrode 224x or 224y, a counter electrode ComLC, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between them. Each storage capacitor is formed by a storage capacitor electrode, an insulating film, and a storage capacitor counter electrode (ComCSA_n or ComCSB_n). The two divided electrodes 224x and 224y are connected to a common source bus line SBL_m by way of their associated TFTA_n,m and TFTB_n,m, respectively. The ON/OFF states of TFTA_n,m and TFTB_n,m are controlled with a scan signal voltage supplied to a common gate bus line GBL_n. When the two TFTs are ON, a display signal voltage is applied to the respective divided electrodes 224x and 224y and storage capacitor electrodes of the two regions A and B through a common source bus line. The storage capacitor counter electrode of one of the two regions A and B is connected to a storage capacitor trunk (CS trunk) CSVtype1 by way of a CS bus line CSAL and that of the other region is connected to a storage capacitor trunk (CS trunk) CSVtype2 by way of a CS bus line CSBL.
As shown in
In this liquid crystal display device 100D, the direction of the electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer of each subpixel inverts at regular time intervals. As for the storage capacitor counter voltages VCSVtype1 and VCSVtype2 supplied to the CS trunks CSVtype1 and CSVtype2, respectively, the first change of the voltage after the voltage on its associated arbitrary gate bus line has fallen from VgH to VgL is “increase” for the voltage VCSVtype1 but “decrease” for the voltage VCSVtype2.
As can be seen from
Another liquid crystal display device will now be described as Comparative Example 3. The liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 3 has the same configuration as the liquid crystal display device 100D of this preferred embodiment except that the former device does not include the correcting section 300D.
a) is a schematic representation illustrating how the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 3 looks when the input signal indicates that every pixel should represent a chromatic color. In this case, each subpixel is in ON state. In the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 3, any two regions that are adjacent to each other in the row or column direction have mutually different grayscale levels but each pair of diagonally adjacent regions has the same grayscale level. Also, the polarity is inverted on a subpixel-by-subpixel basis in the row and column directions.
Hereinafter, the liquid crystal display device 100D of this fourth preferred embodiment will be described with reference to
As described above, if the hue coefficient Hb is equal to zero, the blue correcting section 300b does not make any correction. Look at only the blue subpixels of the LCD panel 200D in such a situation, and it can be seen that the bright and dark regions of the blue subpixels are arranged in a checkered pattern so that the brightness level inverts on a region-by-region basis as shown in
On the other hand, if the hue coefficient Hb is not zero (e.g., equal to one), then the blue correcting section 300b controls the luminances using, as a unit, two blue subpixels belonging to two pixels that are adjacent to each other in the row direction so that bright blue subpixels are diagonally adjacent to each other. In that case, if attention is paid to the brightness levels of those blue subpixels, it can be seen that the bright and dark blue subpixels are arranged in a checkered pattern on a blue subpixel basis. Thus, it can be said that the blue correcting section 300b causes the respective blue subpixels to have the bright and dark pattern shown in
In the example just described, the blue correcting section 300b is supposed to make a correction so that if the hue coefficient Hb is one, the blue subpixels change their brightness level every subpixel in both of the row and column directions. However, the present invention is in no way limited to that specific preferred embodiment. Alternatively, the blue correcting section 300b may also make a correction so that the blue subpixels change their brightness level every other subpixel.
Hereinafter, it will be described with reference to
On the other hand, if the hue coefficient Hb is equal to one, then the blue correcting section 300b makes a correction using, as a unit, two blue subpixels belonging to two pixels that are adjacent to each other in the row direction so that the blue subpixels change their brightness level every other subpixel in the row direction (i.e., two bright blue subpixels alternate with two dark subpixels every two subpixels in the row direction). Thus, it can be said that the blue correcting section 300b causes the respective blue subpixels to have the bright and dark pattern shown in
In the example described above, the blue correcting section 300b is supposed to make a correction so that if the hue coefficient Hb is equal to one, each blue subpixel becomes either a bright blue subpixel or a dark blue subpixel. However, this is only an example of the present invention. Even if the hue coefficient Hb is equal to one, the blue correcting section 300b may also make a correction so that a portion of a blue subpixel becomes darker than a bright blue subpixel and brighter than a dark blue subpixel. Such a portion that is darker than a bright blue subpixel and brighter than a dark blue subpixel will be referred to herein as a “moderate blue subpixel”.
Hereinafter, it will be described with reference to
On the other hand, if the hue coefficient Hb is equal to one, then the blue correcting section 300b makes a correction using, as a unit, two blue subpixels that interpose another blue subpixel. In
Hereinafter, the liquid crystal display device 100D that makes a correction as shown in
b) is a schematic representation illustrating a blue correcting section 300b. In
In the blue correcting section 300b, the average grayscale level bave of the grayscale levels b1 and b3 is calculated by using an adding section 310b. Next, a grayscale level difference section 320 calculates two grayscale level differences Δbα and Δbβ with respect to the single average grayscale level bave. Next, a grayscale-to-luminance converting section 330 converts the grayscale level differences Δbα and Δbβ into luminance level differences ΔYbα and ΔYbβ, respectively.
Meanwhile, the average grayscale level rave of the grayscale levels r1 and r3 is calculated by using an adding section 310r. And the average grayscale level gave of the grayscale levels g1 and g3 is calculated by using an adding section 310g. Then, a hue determining section 340 calculates a hue coefficient Hb based on these average grayscale levels rave, gave and bave.
Next, the magnitudes of shift ΔSα and ΔSβ are calculated. In this case, the magnitude of shift ΔSα is obtained as the product of ΔYbα and the hue coefficient Hb, while the magnitude of shift ΔSβ is obtained as the product of ΔYbβ and the hue coefficient Hb. A multiplying section 350 multiplies the luminance level differences ΔYbα and ΔYbβ by the hue coefficient Hb, thereby obtaining the magnitudes of shift ΔSα and ΔSβ.
Meanwhile, a grayscale-to-luminance converting section 360a carries out a grayscale-to-luminance conversion on the grayscale level b1, thereby obtaining a luminance level Yb1. In the same way, another grayscale-to-luminance converting section 360b carries out a grayscale-to-luminance conversion on the grayscale level b3, thereby obtaining a luminance level Yb3. Next, an adding and subtracting section 370a adds the luminance level Yb1 and the magnitude of shift ΔSα together, and then the sum is subjected to luminance-to-grayscale conversion by a luminance-to-grayscale converting section 380a, thereby obtaining a grayscale level b1′. On the other hand, another adding and subtracting section 370b subtracts the magnitude of shift ΔSβ from the luminance level Yb3, and then the remainder is subjected to luminance-to-grayscale conversion by another luminance-to-grayscale converting section 380b, thereby obtaining a grayscale level b3′. No correction is made on the grayscale levels r1 to r4, g1 to g4, b2, and b4. By having the blue correcting section 300b make such a correction, it is possible to prevent the bright regions of bright blue subpixels from being arranged unevenly and a decrease in display quality can be minimized.
It is preferred that edge processing be further performed.
The edge determining section 390 obtains an edge coefficient HE based on the grayscale levels b1 to b4 indicated by the input signal. In this case, the edge coefficient is a function that increases as the difference between the grayscale levels b1 to b4 increases. And the edge coefficient HE may be represented as HE=(MAX (b1, b2, b3, b4)−MIN (b1, b2, b3, b4))/MAX (b1, b2, b3, b4), for example. However, the edge coefficient HE may also be obtained by any other method and may be calculated based on only the grayscale levels b1 and b3.
Next, the coefficient calculating section 395 calculates a correction coefficient HC based on the hue coefficient Hb that has been obtained by the hue determining section 340 and the edge coefficient HE that has been obtained by the edge determining section 390. The correction coefficient HC may be represented as HC=Hb−HE, for example. The grayscale levels b1 and b3 are corrected just as described above using this correction coefficient HC. The edge processing may be performed in this manner.
In the preferred embodiments described above, the luminances are supposed to be controlled by using, as a unit, two blue subpixels belonging to two pixels that are arranged in the row direction. However, the present invention is in no way limited to those specific preferred embodiments. Alternatively, the luminances may also be controlled by using, as a unit, two blue subpixels belonging to two pixels that are arranged in the column direction.
Hereinafter, a fifth specific preferred embodiment of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention will be described with reference to
b) is a schematic representation illustrating the LCD panel 200E, in which each subpixel has multiple regions that may have mutually different luminances. A pixel P3 consisting of red, green and blue subpixels R3, G3 and B3 is arranged adjacent in the column direction to a pixel P1 consisting of red, green and blue subpixels R1, G1 and B1. Likewise, a pixel P4 consisting of red, green and blue subpixels R4, G4 and B4 is arranged adjacent in the column direction to a pixel P2 consisting of red, green and blue subpixels R2, G2 and B2.
Even in a situation where the blue correcting section 300b″ controls the luminances by using, as a unit, two blue subpixels belonging to two pixels that are adjacent to each other in the column direction, if the blue correcting section 300b″ gives the bright and dark pattern shown in
Hereinafter, the blue correcting section 300b″ of the liquid crystal display device 100E of this preferred embodiment will be described with reference to
b) is a schematic representation illustrating the grayscale control section 300t. In the grayscale control section 300t, the average grayscale level bave of the grayscale levels b1 and b3 is calculated by using an adding section 310b. Next, a grayscale level difference section 320 calculates two grayscale level differences Δbα and Δbβ with respect to the single average grayscale level bave. Next, a grayscale-to-luminance converting section 330 converts the grayscale level differences Δbα and Δbβ into luminance level differences ΔYbα and Δbβ respectively.
Meanwhile, the average grayscale level rave of the grayscale levels r1 and r3 is calculated by using an adding section 310r. And the average grayscale level gave of the grayscale levels g1 and g3 is calculated by using an adding section 310g. Then, a hue determining section 340 calculates a hue coefficient Hb based on these average grayscale levels rave, gave and bave.
Next, a multiplying section 350 multiplies the luminance level differences ΔYbα and ΔYbβ by the hue coefficient Hb, thereby obtaining the magnitudes of shift ΔSα and ΔSβ. Meanwhile, a grayscale-to-luminance converting section 360a carries out a grayscale-to-luminance conversion on the grayscale level b1, thereby obtaining a luminance level Yb1. In the same way, another grayscale-to-luminance converting section 360b carries out a grayscale-to-luminance conversion on the grayscale level b3, thereby obtaining a luminance level Yb3. Next, an adding and subtracting section 370a adds the luminance level Yb1 and the magnitude of shift ΔSα together, and then the sum is subjected to luminance-to-grayscale conversion by a luminance-to-grayscale converting section 380a, thereby obtaining a grayscale level b1′. On the other hand, another adding and subtracting section 370b subtracts the magnitude of shift ΔSβ from the luminance level Yb3, and then the remainder is subjected to luminance-to-grayscale conversion by another luminance-to-grayscale converting section 380b, thereby obtaining a grayscale level b3′. By having the blue correcting section 300b″ make such a correction, it is possible to prevent the bright regions of bright blue subpixels from being arranged unevenly and a decrease in display quality can be minimized.
It is preferred that edge processing be further performed.
The edge determining section 390 obtains an edge coefficient HE based on the grayscale levels b1 to b3 indicated by the input signal. In this case, the edge coefficient HE may be represented as HE=(MAX (b1, b3)−MIN (b1, b3))/MAX (b1, b3), for example. However, the edge coefficient HE may also be obtained by any other method.
Next, the coefficient calculating section 395 calculates a correction coefficient HC based on the hue coefficient Hb that has been obtained by the hue determining section 340 and the edge coefficient HE that has been obtained by the edge determining section 390. The correction coefficient HC may be represented as HC=Hb−HE, for example. The grayscale levels b1 and b3 are corrected just as described above using this correction coefficient HC. The edge processing may be performed in this manner.
In the first through fifth preferred embodiments of the present invention described above, a display operation is supposed to be performed using three primary colors per pixel. However, the present invention is in no way limited to those specific preferred embodiments. Alternatively, a display operation may also be performed using four or more primary colors per pixel. For example, each pixel may include red, green, blue, yellow, cyan and magenta subpixels.
a) is a schematic representation illustrating the multi-primary-color display panel 200F of this liquid crystal display device 100F. In the multi-primary-color display panel 200F, each pixel includes red (R), green (G), blue (B), and yellow (Ye) subpixels, which are arranged in this order in the row direction. In the column direction, on the other hand, subpixels representing the same color are arranged.
Hereinafter, the blue correcting section 300b will be described with reference to
The blue correcting section 300b has the same configuration as its counterpart that has already been described with reference to
The average of the grayscale levels B1 and B2 is calculated by using an adding section 310B. In the following description, the average of the grayscale levels B1 and B2 will be referred to herein as an average grayscale level Bave. Next, a grayscale level difference section 320 calculates two grayscale level differences ΔBα and ΔBβ with respect to the single average grayscale level Bave. The grayscale level differences ΔBα and ΔBβ are associated with a bright blue subpixel and a dark blue subpixel, respectively. Next, a grayscale-to-luminance converting section 330 converts the grayscale level differences ΔBα and ΔBβ into luminance level differences ΔYBα and ΔYBβ, respectively.
Meanwhile, the averages of the three pairs of grayscale levels r1 and r2, g1 and g2, and b1 and b2 are calculated by adding sections 310r, 310g and 310b, respectively. In the following description, those averages of the three pairs of grayscale levels r1 and r2, g1 and g2, and b1 and b2 will be referred to herein as average grayscale levels rave, gave, and bave, respectively.
The hue determining section 340 determines the hue of the color to be represented by a pixel in accordance with the input signal. Specifically, the hue determining section 340 obtains a hue coefficient Hb by using average grayscale levels rave, gave and bave. The hue coefficient Hb is a function that varies according to the hue.
Alternatively, the hue determining section 340 may also obtain the hue coefficient Hb based on the average grayscale levels Rave, Gave, Bave and Yeave. In that case, since Rave, Gave, Bave and Yeave correspond to the average grayscale levels that have been obtained based on the grayscale levels indicated by the input signal, correction on the blue subpixel is made indirectly according to the hue of the color to be represented by a pixel in accordance with the input signal. Nevertheless, as the hue can be determined sufficiently accurately by using the average grayscale levels rave, gave and bave, the complexity of processing can be minimized.
Next, the magnitudes of shift ΔSα and ΔSβ are calculated. In this case, the magnitude of shift ΔSα is obtained as the product of ΔYBα and the hue coefficient Hb, while the magnitude of shift ΔSβ is obtained as the product of ΔYBβ and the hue coefficient Hb. A multiplying section 350 multiplies the luminance level differences ΔYBα and ΔYBβ by the hue coefficient Hb, thereby obtaining the magnitudes of shift ΔSα and ΔSβ.
Meanwhile, a grayscale-to-luminance converting section 360a carries out a grayscale-to-luminance conversion on the grayscale level B1, thereby obtaining a luminance level YB1, which can be calculated by the following equation:
Y
B1
=B12.2(where 0≦B1≦1)
In the same way, another grayscale-to-luminance converting section 360b carries out a grayscale-to-luminance conversion on the grayscale level B2, thereby obtaining a luminance level YB2.
Next, an adding and subtracting section 370a adds the luminance level YB1 and the magnitude of shift ΔSα together, and then the sum is subjected to luminance-to-grayscale conversion by a luminance-to-grayscale converting section 380a, thereby obtaining a grayscale level B1′. On the other hand, another adding and subtracting section 370b subtracts the magnitude of shift ΔSβ from the luminance level YB2, and then the remainder is subjected to luminance-to-grayscale conversion by another luminance-to-grayscale converting section 380b, thereby obtaining a grayscale level B2′.
As described above, in this liquid crystal display device 100F, the luminances are controlled by using, as a unit, two blue subpixels belonging to two pixels that are adjacent to each other in the column direction. In
In the multi-primary-color display panel 200F shown in
Also, in the multi-primary-color display panel 200F shown in
a) is a schematic representation illustrating a multi-primary-color display panel 200F1 for a liquid crystal display device 100F1. In this multi-primary-color display panel 200F1, subpixels included in a single pixel are arranged in two columns and two rows. Specifically, red and green subpixels belonging to the same pixel are arranged in this order in a row in the row direction and blue and yellow subpixels belonging to that pixel are arranged in this order in an adjacent row in the row direction. Look at the arrangement of subpixels in the column direction, and it can be seen that red and blue subpixels are arranged alternately and green and yellow subpixels are also arranged alternately. As shown in
In the multi-primary-color display panels 200F and 200F1 shown in
In the multi-primary-color display panels 200F and 200F1 described above, a single pixel is supposed to consist of four subpixels. However, the present invention is in no way limited to that specific preferred embodiment. Optionally, in another multi-primary-color display panel, each pixel may also consist of six subpixels.
a) is a schematic representation illustrating such a multi-primary-color display panel 200F2. In the multi-primary-color display panel 200F2, each pixel consists of red (R), green (G), blue (B), yellow (Ye), cyan (C) and magenta (M) subpixels. Although not shown in
In
Also, in the multi-primary-color display panel 200F2 shown in
a) is a schematic representation illustrating a multi-primary-color display panel 200F3 for a liquid crystal display device 100F3. In this multi-primary-color display panel 200F3, subpixels included in a single pixel are arranged in three columns and two rows.
Specifically, red, green and blue subpixels belonging to the same pixel are arranged in this order in a row in the row direction and yellow, magenta and cyan subpixels belonging to that pixel are arranged in this order in an adjacent row in the row direction. Look at the arrangement of subpixels in the column direction, and it can be seen that red and yellow subpixels are arranged alternately, green and magenta subpixels are arranged alternately, and blue and cyan subpixels are also arranged alternately. Alternatively, red and cyan subpixels may be arranged alternately, green and magenta subpixels may be arranged alternately, and blue and yellow subpixels may be arranged alternately.
As shown in
It should be noted that those six subpixels do not always have to be arranged in that order. Nevertheless, at least the subpixels that need to have their grayscale levels corrected (e.g., blue subpixels in this preferred embodiment) are preferably arranged at regular intervals over multiple pixels. Also, in the multi-primary-color display panels 200F2 and 200F3, each pixel consists of red, green, blue, yellow, cyan and magenta subpixels. However, this is just an example of the present invention. Alternatively, each pixel may also consist of first red, green, blue, yellow, cyan and second red subpixels.
Furthermore, in the preferred embodiments described above, each of the correcting sections 300B, 300C, 300D, 300E and 300F is supposed to include red, green, blue, yellow, cyan, and/or magenta correcting sections 300r, 300g, 300b, 300ye, 300c and 300m. However, this is only an example of the present invention. As already described with reference to
Furthermore, in the preferred embodiments described above, the liquid crystal layer is supposed to be a vertical alignment liquid crystal layer. However, the present invention is in no way limited to those specific preferred embodiments. If necessary, a liquid crystal layer of any other mode may also be used.
The entire disclosures of Japanese Patent Applications Nos. 2008-335246 and 2009-132500, from which the present application claims priority, are hereby incorporated by reference.
The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device that can improve the viewing angle characteristic and minimize a decline in display quality.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2008-335246 | Dec 2008 | JP | national |
| 2009-132500 | Jun 2009 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2009/007233 | 12/25/2009 | WO | 00 | 6/24/2011 |
