The present invention relates to a medical device, in particular for electroporation treatment, which is normally a compulsory step in electrochemotherapy treatment in general.
Herein, “electroporation” is intended to mean a physical phenomenon by which to enhance the permeability of cell membranes by means of short, intense electric pulses.
As stated, the medical device according to the present invention may be used to particular advantage, though not exclusively, in electrochemotherapy, to which the following description refers purely by way of example.
As is known, cell penetration of antitumour drugs can be enhanced considerably by means of electric pulses applied using special needles.
“Electrochemotherapy” is a new technique currently used to locally treat and control cutaneous or subcutaneous tumours.
Electrochemotherapy combines two effects:
Increasing permeability allow non- or poorly permeating drugs or other molecules to penetrate the cytoplasm of cancerous cells to achieve greater effectiveness.
Electrochemotherapy is indicated for primary skin tumours (basal and squamous cell carcinomas), single or in-transit metastasis of melanomas, and cutaneous metastasis of other tumours, regardless of histology.
The latest technology as applied to electrochemotherapy gives particularly good results using electric pulses of 1 Hz or 5 kHz frequency, which reduces the number of muscle contractions induced by electric stimulus, and improves patient treatment tolerance. Moreover, repetition of high-frequency pulses reduces treatment time.
Electric pulses of over 1000 V have also been found to give excellent results in terms of drug absorption.
Patient tolerance is also improved for the following reasons:
“Electroporation” is normally induced using electrodes connected electrically to equipment for generating pulses of the above frequencies and voltages.
Various types of electrodes have been designed to treat different skin areas, by precise distribution of the applied electric field.
The types of electrodes currently used are:
The electrodes are fixed to the distal end of rigid, oblong handsets gripped, in use, by the operator.
Currently used rigid handsets are excellent for treating easily accessible skin tumours, but pose serious problems, substantially on account of their rigid structure, when treating less accessible parts of the body, such as the tongue, palate, gums, the first part of the respiratory system, and accessible cavities.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an alternative to rigid handsets, for use in electroporation treatment. The teachings of the present invention, however, also apply, with obvious variations within the scope of any average technician, to other fields, such as internal microcamera examination of the human body.
A microcamera may also be applied to an electroporation device to permit real-time monitoring of the treatment in progress.
The starting point of the present invention was the realization that an operator's finger, in particular the index finger of the right hand (assuming, of course, the operator is right-handed) represents an exceptional natural “handset”, which is versatile, articulated, and sensitive enough for applications necessarily requiring a non-rigid instrument with five degrees of freedom.
An inventive “thimble” was therefore devised, equipped with active means (e.g. needle electrodes), and designed to fit onto the end (tip) phalanx of the operator's finger.
An extremely versatile “tool”, comprising the operator's finger and the equipped thimble, is thus obtained, which is able to operate successfully in even the most inaccessible and hidden parts of the patient's body that are difficult, if not impossible, to operate on using conventional handsets.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a medical device designed to eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks, and which, at the same time, is cheap and easy to produce.
According to the present invention, there is provided a medical device as claimed in the accompanying Claims.
A non-limiting embodiment of the present invention will be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Number 10 in
Medical device 10 comprises a thimble-like main body 11, which is fitted, in use, to a gloved hand HD of an operator OP (not shown). More specifically, in use, main body 11 is worn by the operator OP on the distal (tip) phalanx FL of a finger FNG.
Obviously, if the operator is right-handed, finger FNG is preferably, though not necessarily, the index finger of the right hand.
Medical device 10 also comprises a projecting member 12 (
In the first embodiment of the present invention shown in
Projecting member 12 may be either formed in one piece with or glued to main body 11.
Projecting member 12 may also be fitted to main body 11 by a joint.
In an embodiment not shown in the attached drawings, projecting member 12 is hinged to main body 11 to permit angular adjustment of projecting member 12 with respect to main body 11; in which case, fastening means, comprising, for example, a screw, are also provided to lock projecting member 12 in a given angular position with respect to main body 11 to perform a given medical operation.
Both the main body and projecting member 12 are preferably, though not necessarily, made of strong, biocompatible polymer material suitable for manufacturing medical devices.
In another embodiment not shown, main body 11 has means for adjusting its diameter D to adapt main body 11 to the size of the operator's finger. More specifically, in one particularly straightforward solution, main body 11 has at least one through cut dividing it into two, so that diameter D of main body 11 adapts to the diameter of the operator's finger by virtue of the elasticity of the plastic material.
Both main body 11 and projecting member 12 have at least one duct DT for housing the power wires and/or cables of active means 13. More specifically, if active means 13 comprise electroporation needles 14, duct DT houses an electric power cable CBL (
A thread (not shown) may be attached to main body 11 to recover device 10 in the event of main body 11 slipping accidentally off the finger FNG of the operator OP.
Though projecting member 12 projecting from main body 11 is useful, in an embodiment not shown, active means 13 are fitted directly to main body 11.
In this embodiment, a medical device 100 comprises a thimble-like main body 101 attached to a projecting member 102 fitted with active means 113 by which the operator OP performs a given therapeutic treatment.
In this case, the needles 114 defining active means 113 are parallel to an axis (Y) perpendicular to an axis (X) of substantial longitudinal symmetry of main body 101.
All the features described in connection with the
In an embodiment not shown, a first number of needles are parallel to axis (X), and a second number of needles are perpendicular to axis (X).
In this, as in the other embodiments described, a medical device 1000 comprises a thimble-like main body 1001, and a projecting member 1002 projecting from main body 1001. And projecting member 1002 is fitted with active means 1013 comprising needles 1014 parallel to an axis (X) of substantial longitudinal symmetry of main body 1001.
In other words, in this embodiment, the spatial arrangement of main: body 1001, projecting member 1002, and needles 1014 is the same as in the first embodiment in
As shown in
In actual use, each skid 1017 engages a respective guide 1021 formed in main body 1001 (
In actual use, as shown in
Slide 1015 may obviously be slid onto main body 1001 either manually by the operator OP or by other means not shown.
All the additional features described in connection with the
The main advantage of the medical device described lies in it being extremely versatile, and being able to operate successfully in even the most inaccessible and hidden parts of the patient's body that are difficult, if not impossible, to operate on using conventional rigid handsets.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/IT2007/000545 | 7/30/2007 | WO | 00 | 1/29/2010 |
Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
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WO2009/016662 | 2/5/2009 | WO | A |
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20100204640 A1 | Aug 2010 | US |