Patent Application
20240275548
The present disclosure relates to a method and device for positioning in a wireless communication system.
Mobile communication systems have been developed to guarantee user activity while providing voice services. Mobile communication systems are expanding their services from voice only to data. Current soaring data traffic is depleting resources and users' demand for higher-data rate services is leading to the need for more advanced mobile communication systems.
Next-generation mobile communication systems are required to meet, e.g., handling of explosively increasing data traffic, significant increase in per-user transmission rate, working with a great number of connecting devices, and support for very low end-to-end latency and high-energy efficiency. To that end, various research efforts are underway for various technologies, such as dual connectivity, massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO), in-band full duplex, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), super wideband support, and device networking.
The user equipment (UE) receives a positioning reference signal (PRS) in a designated measurement gap section, and transmits a scheduling request regarding an uplink channel (UL channel) to the base station/server to report the corresponding measurement results. The base station/server transmits scheduling information about uplink resources to the UE through PDCCH, and the UE reports measurement results through designated uplink resources.
From Rel. 17, latancy requirements are shorter than before. Accordingly, signaling procedures related to reporting of the above-described measurement results may be difficult to meet the changed requirements.
The purpose of the present disclosure is to propose a method that can reduce latancy in the physical layer with respect to reporting of measurement results.
Specifically, the purpose of the present disclosure is to propose a method that can reduce latancy related to the operation of reporting information on measurement of a positioning reference signal (PRS).
Additionally, the purpose of the present disclosure is to propose a method that can reduce the latancy in operation related to the measurement gap of the PRS.
The technical objects of the present disclosure are not limited to the aforementioned technical objects, and other technical objects, which are not mentioned above, will be apparently appreciated by a person having ordinary skill in the art from the following description.
A method for transmitting information on measurement of a positioning reference signal (PRS) by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method comprises transmitting a message for requesting a measurement gap, receiving configuration information related to the measurement gap, receiving the PRS based on the measurement gap, and transmitting information on measurement of the PRS.
The information on measurement of the PRS is transmitted based on a preconfigured resource.
The configuration information may include information related to the measurement of the PRS, and based on the information related to the measurement of the PRS, a number of PRS resources measured by the UE may be limited to a certain number.
The information related to the measurement of the PRS may include information on at least one of i) maximum or minimum number of the PRS resources, ii) minimum or maximum number of PRS resource sets and/or iii) maximum or minimum number of transmission and reception points (TRPs) related to the PRS.
The configuration information may include information representing a number of reports of the information on measurement of the PRS, and transmission of the information on the measurement of the PRS may be performed based on the number of reports.
Based on the number of reports being configured to 1 and the information on the measurement of the PRS being greater than information that can be transmitted through the preconfigured resource, one or more information elements among information elements representing the information on the measurement of the PRS may be determined, and the one or more information elements may be transmitted through the preconfigured resource.
The one or more information elements may be determined based on a predefined priority.
The preconfigured resource may be determined based on the configuration information.
The preconfigured resource may be based on a resource configured for grant-free transmission.
Buffer status report (BSR) information related to the preconfigured resource may be included in a scheduling request (SR) and transmitted, and the preconfigured resource may be determined based on an uplink grant (UL grant) related to the SR.
The preconfigured resource may be determined based on an uplink grant (UL grant) received at a predefined time point after the measurement gap, and the predefined time point may be determined based on the measurement gap and a preconfigured offset.
The preconfigured offset may be configured in units based on at least one of a symbol, a slot, or a subframe.
A value of the preconfigured offset may be configured based on a capability of the UE, and the capability of the UE may be related to time required for operations related to the measurement of the PRS.
The preconfigured resource may be based on a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource for transmission of a scheduling request (SR).
A user equipment (UE) transmitting information on measurement of a positioning reference signal (PRS) in a wireless communication system according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the UE comprises one or more transceivers, one or more processors controlling the one or more transceivers, and one or more memories operably connected to the one or more processors.
The one or more memories store instructions for performing operations based on being executed by the one or more processors.
The operations includes transmitting a message for requesting a measurement gap, receiving configuration information related to the measurement gap, receiving a positioning reference signal (PRS) based on the measurement gap, and transmitting information on measurement of the PRS.
The information on measurement of the PRS is transmitted based on a preconfigured resource.
A device for controlling a user equipment (UE) to transmit information on measurement of a positioning reference signal (PRS) in a wireless communication system according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the device comprises one or more processors and one or more memories operably connected to the one or more processors.
The one or more memories store instructions for performing operations based on being executed by the one or more processors.
The operations include transmitting a message for requesting a measurement gap, receiving configuration information related to the measurement gap, receiving a positioning reference signal (PRS) based on the measurement gap, and transmitting information on measurement of the PRS.
The information on measurement of the PRS is transmitted based on a preconfigured resource.
One or more non-transitory computer-readable medium according to another embodiment of the present disclosure stores one or more instructions.
The one or more instructions perform operations based on being executed by one or more processors.
The operations include transmitting a message for requesting a measurement gap, receiving configuration information related to the measurement gap, receiving a positioning reference signal (PRS) based on the measurement gap, and transmitting information on measurement of the PRS.
The information on measurement of the PRS is transmitted based on a preconfigured resource.
A method for receiving information on measurement of a positioning reference signal (PRS) by a base station in a wireless communication system according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the method comprises receiving a message for requesting a measurement gap, transmitting configuration information related to the measurement gap, transmitting a positioning reference signal (PRS) based on the measurement gap, and receiving information on measurement of the PRS.
The information on measurement of the PRS is received based on a preconfigured resource.
A base station receiving information on measurement of a positioning reference signal (PRS) in a wireless communication system according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the base station comprises one or more transceivers, one or more processors controlling the one or more transceivers, and one or more memories operably connected to the one or more processors.
The one or more memories store instructions for performing operations based on being executed by the one or more processors.
The operations include receiving a message for requesting a measurement gap, transmitting configuration information related to the measurement gap, transmitting a positioning reference signal (PRS) based on the measurement gap, and receiving information on measurement of the PRS.
The information on measurement of the PRS is received based on a preconfigured resource.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the information on the measurement of the PRS is transmitted through a preconfigured resource. As an example, the preconfigured resource may be a resource determined without a scheduling request. As an example, the preconfigured resource may be a resource determined without a buffer status report (BSR). As the signaling procedure in the physical layer can be simplified through the preconfigured resource as described above, the latancy in reporting measurement results is reduced.
Additionally, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, configuration information related to the PRS measurement gap may be configured to limit the number of PRS resources/TRPs referenced/measured for PRS measurement. Accordingly, the time required for the measurement operation is reduced.
Additionally, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the configuration information may include the number of reports related to information on the measurement of the PRS. Since the reporting operation of the measurement result is performed based on the number of reports, it is possible to prevent the latancy from occurring as the operation related to resource allocation are repeated multiple times due to a lack of UL resources at the time of measurement reporting.
The effects that can be obtained from the present disclosure are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below.
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the detailed description, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the principle of the present disclosure.
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings is intended for describing example embodiments of the disclosure, but not for representing a sole embodiment of the disclosure. The detailed description below includes specific details to convey a thorough understanding of the disclosure. However, it will be easily appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art that embodiments of the disclosure may be practiced even without such details.
In some cases, to avoid ambiguity in concept, known structures or devices may be omitted or be shown in block diagrams while focusing on core features of each structure and device.
Hereinafter, downlink (DL) means communication from a base station to a terminal and uplink (UL) means communication from the terminal to the base station. In the downlink, a transmitter may be part of the base station, and a receiver may be part of the terminal. In the uplink, the transmitter may be part of the terminal and the receiver may be part of the base station. The base station may be expressed as a first communication device and the terminal may be expressed as a second communication device. A base station (BS) may be replaced with terms including a fixed station, a Node B, an evolved-NodeB (eNB), a Next Generation NodeB (gNB), a base transceiver system (BTS), an access point (AP), a network (5G network), an AI system, a road side unit (RSU), a vehicle, a robot, an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), an Augmented Reality (AR) device, a Virtual Reality (VR) device, and the like. Further, the terminal may be fixed or mobile and may be replaced with terms including a User Equipment (UE), a Mobile Station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), a Wireless Terminal (WT), a Machine-Type Communication (MTC) device, a Machine-to-Machine (M2M) device, and a Device-to-Device (D2D) device, the vehicle, the robot, an AI module, the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), the Augmented Reality (AR) device, the Virtual Reality (VR) device, and the like.
The following technology may be used in various wireless access systems, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), single carrier-FDMA (SC-FDMA), non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), and the like. The CDMA may be implemented by radio technology such as universal terrestrial radio access (UTRA) or CDMA2000. The TDMA may be implemented by radio technology such as global system for mobile communications (GSM)/general packet radio service (GPRS)/enhanced data rates for GSM evolution (EDGE). The OFDMA may be implemented as radio technology such as IEEE 802.11(Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), and the like. The UTRA is a part of a universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS). 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) long term evolution (LTE), as a part of an evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) using E-UTRA, adopts the OFDMA in the downlink and the SC-FDMA in the uplink. LTE-A (advanced) is the evolution of 3GPP LTE.
For clarity of description, the present disclosure is described based on the 3GPP communication system (e.g., LTE-A or NR), but the technical spirit of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. LTE means technology after 3GPP TS 36.xxx Release 8. In detail, LTE technology after 3GPP TS 36.xxx Release 10 is referred to as the LTE-A and LTE technology after 3GPP TS 36.xxx Release 13 is referred to as the LTE-A pro. The 3GPP NR means technology after TS 38.xxx Release 15. The LTE/NR may be referred to as a 3GPP system. “xxx” means a standard document detail number. The LTE/NR may be collectively referred to as the 3GPP system. Matters disclosed in a standard document published before the present disclosure may refer to a background art, terms, abbreviations, etc., used for describing the present disclosure. For example, the following documents may be referenced.
As more and more communication devices require larger communication capacity, there is a need for improved mobile broadband communication compared to the existing radio access technology (RAT). Further, massive machine type communications (MTCs), which provide various services anytime and anywhere by connecting many devices and objects, are one of the major issues to be considered in the next generation communication. In addition, a communication system design considering a service/UE sensitive to reliability and latency is being discussed. As such, the introduction of next-generation radio access technology considering enhanced mobile broadband communication (eMBB), massive MTC (mMTC), ultra-reliable and low latency communication (URLLC) is discussed, and in the present disclosure, the technology is called NR for convenience. The NR is an expression representing an example of 5G radio access technology (RAT).
In a New RAT system including NR uses an OFDM transmission scheme or a similar transmission scheme thereto. The new RAT system may follow OFDM parameters different from OFDM parameters of LTE. Alternatively, the new RAT system may follow numerology of conventional LTE/LTE-A as it is or have a larger system bandwidth (e.g., 100 MHz). Alternatively, one cell may support a plurality of numerologies. In other words, UEs that operate with different numerologies may coexist in one cell.
The numerology corresponds to one subcarrier spacing in a frequency domain. By scaling a reference subcarrier spacing by an integer N, different numerologies may be defined.
Referring to
The gNBs are mutually connected via an Xn interface.
The gNBs are connected to the NGC via the NG interface.
More specifically, the gNB connects to the access and mobility management function (AMF) via the N2 interface and connects to the user plane function (UPF) via the N3 interface.
In the NR system, a number of numerologies may be supported. Here, the numerology may be defined by the subcarrier spacing and cyclic prefix (CP) overhead. At this time, multiple subcarrier spacings may be derived by scaling the basic subcarrier spacing by integer N (or, μ). Further, although it is assumed that a very low subcarrier spacing is not used at a very high carrier frequency, the numerology used may be selected independently from the frequency band.
Further, in the NR system, various frame structures according to multiple numerologies may be supported.
Hereinafter, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) numerology and frame structure that may be considered in the NR system is described.
The multiple OFDM numerologies supported in the NR system may be defined as shown in Table 1.
NR supports multiple numerologies (or subcarrier spacings (SCS)) for supporting various 5G services. For example, if SCS is 15 kHz, NR supports a wide area in typical cellular bands. If SCS is 30 kHz/60 kHz, NR supports a dense urban, lower latency and a wider carrier bandwidth. If SCS is 60 kHz or higher, NR supports a bandwidth greater than 24.25 GHz in order to overcome phase noise.
An NR frequency band is defined as a frequency range of two types FR1 and FR2. The FR1 and the FR2 may be configured as in Table 1 below. Furthermore, the FR2 may mean a millimeter wave (mmW).
With regard to the frame structure in the NR system, the size of various fields in the time domain is expressed as a multiple of time unit of Ts3=1/(Δfmax·Nf), where Δfmax=480·103, and Nf=4096. Downlink and uplink transmissions is constituted of a radio frame with a period of Tf+=(Δfmax Nf/100)·Ts=10 ms. Here, the radio frame is constituted of 10 subframes each of which has a period of Tsf=(Δfmax Nf/1000)·Ts=1 ms. In this case, one set of frames for uplink and one set of frames for downlink may exist.
As illustrated in
For numerology μ, slots are numbered in ascending order of nsμ∈{0, . . . , Nsubframeslots,μ−1} in the subframe and in ascending order of ns,fμ={0, . . . , Nframeslots,μ−1} in the radio frame. One slot includes consecutive OFDM symbols of Nsymbμ, and Nsymbμ is determined according to the used numerology and slot configuration. In the subframe, the start of slot nsμ is temporally aligned with the start of nsμNsymbμ.
Not all UEs are able to transmit and receive at the same time, and this means that not all OFDM symbols in a downlink slot or an uplink slot are available to be used.
Table 3 represents the number Nsymbslot of OFDM symbols per slot, the number Nslotframe,μ slot of slots per radio frame, and the number Nslotframe,μ of slots per subframe in a normal CP. Table 4 represents the number of OFDM symbols per slot, the number of slots per radio frame, and the number of slots per subframe in an extended CP.
In Table 4, in case of μ=2, i.e., as an example in which a subcarrier spacing (SCS) is 60 kHz, one subframe (or frame) may include four slots with reference to Table 3, and one subframe={1, 2, 4} slots shown in
Further, a mini-slot may consist of 2, 4, or 7 symbols, or may consist of more symbols or less symbols.
In regard to physical resources in the NR system, an antenna port, a resource grid, a resource element, a resource block, a carrier part, etc. May be considered.
Hereinafter, the above physical resources that may be considered in the NR system are described in more detail.
First, in regard to an antenna port, the antenna port is defined so that a channel over which a symbol on an antenna port is conveyed may be inferred from a channel over which another symbol on the same antenna port is conveyed. When large-scale properties of a channel over which a symbol on one antenna port is conveyed may be inferred from a channel over which a symbol on another antenna port is conveyed, the two antenna ports may be regarded as being in a quasi co-located or quasi co-location (QC/QCL) relation. Here, the large-scale properties may include at least one of delay spread, Doppler spread, frequency shift, average received power, and received timing.
Referring to
In the NR system, a transmitted signal is described by one or more resource grids, consisting of NRBμNscRB subcarriers, and 2μNsymb(μ) OFDM symbols, where NRBμ≤NRBmax,μ. NRBmax,μ denotes a maximum transmission bandwidth and may change not only between numerologies but also between uplink and downlink.
In this case, as illustrated in
Each element of the resource grid for the numerology μ and the antenna port p is called a resource element and is uniquely identified by an index pair (k,
The resource element (k,
Further, a physical resource block is defined as NscRB=12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain.
Point A serves as a common reference point of a resource block grid and may be obtained as follows.
The common resource blocks are numbered from 0 and upwards in the frequency domain for subcarrier spacing configuration μ.
The center of subcarrier 0 of common resource block 0 for the subcarrier spacing configuration μ coincides with ‘point A’. A common resource block number nCRBμ in the frequency domain and resource elements (k, l) for the subcarrier spacing configuration μ may be given by the following Equation 1.
Here, k may be defined relative to the point A so that k=0 corresponds to a subcarrier centered around the point A. Physical resource blocks are defined within a bandwidth part (BWP) and are numbered from 0 to NBWP,isize−1, where i is No. Of the BWP. A relation between the physical resource block nPRB in BWP i and the common resource block nCRB may be given by the following Equation 2.
Here, NBWP,istart may be the common resource block where the BWP starts relative to the common resource block 0.
When the UE is powered on or newly enters a cell, the UE performs an initial cell search operation such as synchronizing with the eNB (S601). To this end, the UE may receive a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a (Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) from the eNB and synchronize with the eNB and acquire information such as a cell ID or the like. Thereafter, the UE may receive a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) from the eNB and acquire in-cell broadcast information. Meanwhile, the UE receives a Downlink Reference Signal (DL RS) in an initial cell search step to check a downlink channel status.
A UE that completes the initial cell search receives a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) and a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDSCH) according to information loaded on the PDCCH to acquire more specific system information (S602).
Meanwhile, when there is no radio resource first accessing the eNB or for signal transmission, the UE may perform a Random Access Procedure (RACH) to the eNB (S603 to S606). To this end, the UE may transmit a specific sequence to a preamble through a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) (S603 and S605) and receive a response message (Random Access Response (RAR) message) for the preamble through the PDCCH and a corresponding PDSCH. In the case of a contention based RACH, a Contention Resolution Procedure may be additionally performed (S606).
The UE that performs the above procedure may then perform PDCCH/PDSCH reception (S607) and Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)/Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) transmission (S608) as a general uplink/downlink signal transmission procedure. In particular, the UE may receive Downlink Control Information (DCI) through the PDCCH. Here, the DCI may include control information such as resource allocation information for the UE and formats may be differently applied according to a use purpose.
Meanwhile, the control information which the UE transmits to the eNB through the uplink or the UE receives from the eNB may include a downlink/uplink ACK/NACK signal, a Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), a Precoding Matrix Index (PMI), a Rank Indicator (RI), and the like. The UE may transmit the control information such as the CQI/PMI/RI, etc., through the PUSCH and/or PUCCH.
A BM procedure as layer 1 (L1)/layer 2 (L2) procedures for acquiring and maintaining a set of base station (e.g., gNB, TRP, etc.) and/or terminal (e.g., UE) beams which may be used for downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) transmission/reception may include the following procedures and terms.
The BM procedure may be divided into (1) a DL BM procedure using a synchronization signal (SS)/physical broadcast channel (PBCH) Block or CSI-RS and (2) a UL BM procedure using a sounding reference signal (SRS). Further, each BM procedure may include Tx beam sweeping for determining the Tx beam and Rx beam sweeping for determining the Rx beam.
The DL BM procedure may include (1) transmission of beamformed DL reference signals (RSs) (e.g., CIS-RS or SS Block (SSB)) of the eNB and (2) beam reporting of the UE.
Here, the beam reporting a preferred DL RS identifier (ID)(s) and L1-Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP).
The DL RS ID may be an SSB Resource Indicator (SSBRI) or a CSI-RS Resource Indicator (CRI).
Hereinafter, matters related to the definition of TRP mentioned in the present specification will be described in detail.
The base station described in this disclosure may be a generic term for an object that transmits/receives data to and from UE. For example, the base station described herein may be a concept including one or more transmission points (TPs), one or more transmission and reception points (TRPs), and the like. For example, multiple TPs and/or multiple TRPs described herein may be included in one base station or included in multiple base stations. In addition, the TP and/or TRP may include a panel of a base station, a transmission and reception unit, and the like.
In addition, the TRP described in this disclosure means an antenna array having one or more antenna elements available in a network located at a specific geographical location in a specific area. Although this disclosure is described with respect to “TRP” for convenience of explanation, the TRP may be replaced with a base station, a transmission point (TP), a cell (e.g., a macro cell/small cell/pico cell, etc.), an antenna array, or a panel and understood and applied as such.
Hereinafter, matters related to positioning in a wireless communication system will be described in detail.
Table 5 below shows definitions of terms used in relation to the positioning.
The following shows definitions of abbreviations used in relation to the above positioning.
Positioning may mean determining the geographic location and/or speed of the UE by measuring a radio signal. The location information may be requested by a client (e.g. an application) related to the UE and reported to the client. In addition, the location information may be included in a core network or may be requested by a client connected to the core network. The location information may be reported in a standard format such as cell-based or geographic coordinates, and in this case, the estimation error values for the location(position) and speed of the UE and/or the positioning measurement method used for positioning may be reported together.
Referring to
NRPPa may be used to exchange information between the reference source (ACCESS NODE and/or BS and/or TP and/or NG-RAN nodes) and the location server.
Functions provided by the NRPPa protocol may include the following.
For positioning, a positioning reference signal (PRS) may be used. The PRS is a reference signal used for position estimation of the UE.
PRS mapping in a wireless communication system to which embodiments are applicable in the present disclosure may be performed based on Table 6 below.
The PRS reception procedure of the UE in a wireless communication system to which embodiments are applicable in the present disclosure may be performed based on Table 7 below.
Referring to
New generation evolved-NB (ng-eNB) and gNB may be network elements of NG-RAN that can provide measurement results for location tracking, and measure a radio signal for the target UE and transmit the result to the LMF. In addition, the ng-eNB may control some TPs (Transmission Points), such as remote radio heads, or PRS-only TPs supporting a PRS-based beacon system for E-UTRA.
The LMF may be connected to an Enhanced Serving Mobile Location Center (E-SMLC), and the E-SMLC may enable the LMF to access the E-UTRAN. For example, the E-SMLC may enable the LMF to support Observed Time Difference Of Arrival (OTDOA) which is one of the E-UTRAN positioning measurement methods, based on the downlink measurement which is obtained by the target UE through a signal transmitted from TPs dedicated for PRS in the eNB and/or E-UTRAN.
Meanwhile, the LMF may be connected to a SUPL Location Platform (SLP). The LMF may support and manage different location services for target UEs. The LMF may interact with the serving ng-eNB or serving gNB for the target UE to obtain the location measurement of the UE. For positioning of the target UE, the LMF may determine a positioning measurement method based on Location Service (LCS) client type, required QoS (Quality of Service), UE positioning capabilities, and gNB positioning capabilities and ng-eNB positioning capabilities, and apply this positioning measurement method to the serving gNB and/or the serving ng-eNB. Then, the LMF may determine a position estimate for the target UE and additional information such as accuracy of the position estimate and velocity. The SLP is a SUPL (Secure User Plane Location) entity responsible for positioning through a user plane.
The UE may measure the location of the UE by utilizing a downlink reference signal transmitted from the NG-RAN and the E-UTRAN. In this case, the downlink reference signal transmitted from the NG-RAN and the E-UTRAN to the UE may include an SS/PBCH block, CSI-RS and/or PRS, etc., and whether to measure the location of the UE using any downlink reference signal may depend on a configuration such as LMF/E-SMLC/ng-eNB/E-UTRAN, etc. In addition, the location of the UE may be measured in a RAT-independent method using different GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), TBS (Terrestrial Beacon System), WLAN access points, Bluetooth beacon and a sensor (e.g. barometric pressure sensor) built into the UE. The UE may include an LCS application, and access the LCS application through communication with a network to which the UE is connected or other applications included in the UE. The LCS application may include measurement and calculation functions necessary to determine the location of the UE. For example, the UE may include an independent positioning function such as Global Positioning System (GPS), and may report the location of the UE independently of NG-RAN transmission. The independently acquired positioning information may be utilized as auxiliary information of positioning information acquired from the network.
When the UE is in CM-IDLE (Connection Management-IDLE) state, when the AMF receives a location service request, the AMF may establish a signaling connection with the UE, and request a network trigger service to allocate a specific serving gNB or ng-eNB. This operation process is omitted in
Looking at the operation process of the network for measuring the location of the UE in detail with reference to
Then, based on step 2, the AMF may send a location service request to the LMF, and based on step 3a, the LMF may initiate location procedures for obtaining location measurement data or location measurement assistance data together with the serving ng-eNB and the serving gNB. For example, the LMF may request location-related information related to one or more UEs to the NG-RAN, and instruct the type of location information required and the associated QoS. Then, in response to the request, the NG-RAN may transmit the location-related information to the LMF. In this case, based on the method for determining the location by the request being E-CID, the NG-RAN may transmit additional location-related information to the LMF through one or more NRPPa messages. Here, ‘location-related information’ may mean all values used for location calculation, such as actual location estimation information and wireless measurement or location measurement, etc. In addition, the protocol used in step 3a may be an NRPPa protocol, which will be described later.
Additionally, based on step 3b, the LMF may initiate location procedures for downlink positioning with the UE. For example, the LMF may send location assistance data to the UE, or obtain a location estimate or location measurement. For example, in step 3b, a capability transfer process may be performed. Specifically, the LMF may request capability information from the UE, and the UE may transmit capability information to the LMF. In this case, the capability information may include information on a location measurement method that the LFM or UE can support, information on various aspects of a specific location measurement method, such as various types of assistance data for A-GNSS, and information on common characteristics that are not limited to any one location measurement method, such as the ability to handle multiple LPP transactions, etc. Meanwhile, in some cases, even if the LMF does not request capability information from the UE, the UE may provide capability information to the LMF.
As another example, a location assistance data transfer process may be performed in step 3b. Specifically, the UE may request location assistance data from the LMF, and may indicate required specific location assistance data to the LMF. Then, the LMF may deliver location assistance data corresponding thereto to the UE, and additionally, may transmit additional assistance data to the UE through one or more additional LPP messages. On the other hand, location assistance data transmitted from the LMF to the UE may be transmitted through a unicast method, and in some cases, the LMF may transmit location assistance data and/or additional assistance data to the UE without the UE requesting assistance data from the LMF.
As another example, a location information transfer process may be performed in step 3b. Specifically, the LMF may request the UE for location-related information related to the UE, and may indicate the type of location information required and the associated QoS. Then, in response to the request, the UE may transmit the location related information to the LMF. In this case, the UE may additionally transmit additional location-related information to the LMF through one or more LPP messages. Here, ‘location-related information’ may mean all values used for location calculation, such as actual location estimation information and wireless measurement or location measurement, etc, and representatively, there may be a Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD) value measured by the UE based on downlink reference signals transmitted from a plurality of NG-RAN and/or E-UTRAN to the UE. Similar to the above, the UE may transmit the location-related information to the LMF even if there is no request from the LMF.
On the other hand, the processes made in step 3b described above may be performed independently, but may be performed continuously. In general, step 3b is performed in the order of a capability transfer process, an assistance data transfer process, and a location information transfer process, but is not limited to this order. In other words, step 3b is not limited to a specific order in order to improve the flexibility of location measurement. For example, the UE may request location assistance data at any time to perform the location measurement request already requested by the LMF. In addition, if the location information delivered by the UE does not satisfy the QoS required, the LMF may also request location information, such as location measurements or location estimates, at any time. Similarly, when the UE does not perform measurement for location estimation, the UE may transmit capability information to the LMF at any time.
In addition, when an Error occurs in the information or request exchanged between the LMF and the UE in step 3b, an Error message may be transmitted/received, and an Abort message may be transmitted/received for stopping position measurement.
On the other hand, the protocol used in step 3b may be an LPP protocol, which will be described later.
Meanwhile, step 3b may be additionally performed after step 3a is performed, or may be performed instead of step 3a.
In step 4, the LMF may provide a location service response to the AMF. In addition, the location service response may include information on whether the location estimation of the UE was successful and the location estimate of the UE. After that, if the procedure of
In the protocol for location measurement described below, definitions of some terms may be based on Table 8 below.
Referring to
For example, the target device and the location server may exchange capability information, assistance data for positioning, and/or location information with each other through the LPP protocol. In addition, error information exchange and/or an instruction to stop the LPP procedure may be performed through the LPP message.
A signal transmission/reception operation based on the LPP protocol to which the method proposed in the present disclosure can be applied may be performed based on Table 9 below.
The NRPPa may be used for information exchange between the NG-RAN node and the LMF. Specifically, the NRPPa may used to exchange E-CID for measurement transmitted from ng-eNB to LMF, data for supporting the OTDOA positioning method, Cell-ID and Cell location ID for the NR Cell ID positioning method, and the like. The AMF may route NRPPa PDUs based on the routing ID of the associated LMF through the NG-C interface even if there is no information on the associated NRPPa transaction.
The procedure of the NRPPa protocol for location and data collection can be divided into two types. The first type is a UE associated procedure for delivering information on a specific UE (e.g. location measurement information, etc.), and the second type is a non-UE associated procedure for delivering information applicable to an NG-RAN node and related TPs (e.g. gNB/ng-eNG/TP timing information, etc.). The two types of procedures may be supported independently or at the same time.
NRPPa Procedure
A signal transmission/reception operation based on the NRPPa protocol to which the embodiments proposed in the present disclosure can be applied may be performed based on Table 10 below.
In the present disclosure, a message exchanged (transmitted and received) between a UE (a target device)/location server for positioning and a configuration related to the message may be based on Table 11 below.
The positioning measurement methods supported by NG-RAN may include GNSS, OTDOA, E-CID (enhanced cell ID), Multi RTT (round trip time)/Multi-cell RTT, barometric pressure sensor positioning, WLAN positioning, Bluetooth positioning, and TBS (terrestrial beacon system), UTDOA (Uplink Time Difference of Arrival), etc. Among the positioning measurement methods, any one positioning measurement method may be used to measure the location of the UE, but two or more positioning measurement methods may be used to measure the location of the UE.
In the positioning measurement method described below, definitions of some terms may be based on Table 12 below.
In the OTDOA positioning measurement method uses the measurement timing of downlink signals received by the UE from multiple TPs including an eNB, an ng-eNB, and a PRS-only TP. The UE measures the timing of the received downlink signals by using the location assistance data received from the location server. In addition, the location of the UE may be determined based on these measurement results and the geographic coordinates of the contiguous TPs.
A UE connected to the gNB may request a measurement gap for OTDOA measurement from the TP. If the UE does not recognize the SFN for at least one TP in the OTDOA assistance data, the UE may use the autonomous gap to obtain the SFN of the OTDOA reference cell before requesting the measurement gap for performing Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD) measurement.
Here, the RSTD may be defined based on the smallest relative time difference between the boundaries of two subframes respectively received from the reference cell and the measurement cell. That is, it may be calculated based on the relative time difference between the start times of the subframes of the reference cell closest to the start time of the subframe received from the measurement cell. Meanwhile, the reference cell may be selected by the UE.
For accurate OTDOA measurement, it is necessary to measure the time of arrival (TOA) of a signal received from three or more geographically dispersed TPs or base stations. For example, the TOA for each of TP 1, TP 2 and TP 3 may be measured, the RSTD for TP 1-TP 2, the RSTD for TP 2-TP 3, and the RSTD for TP 3-TP 1 may be calculated based on the three TOAs, a geometric hyperbola may be determined based on this, and a point where these hyperbola intersects may be estimated as the location of the UE. In this case, since accuracy and/or uncertainty for each TOA measurement may occur, the estimated location of the UE may be known as a specific range depending on the measurement uncertainty.
For example, RSTDs for two TPs may be calculated based on Equation 3 below.
Here, c may be the speed of light, {xt, yt} may be the (unknown) coordinates of the target UE, {xi, vi} may be the coordinates of the (known) TP, and {25, y1} may be the coordinates of the reference TP (or other TP). Here, (Ti−T1) is a transmission time offset between two TPs, which may be referred to as “Real Time Differences” (RTDs), and ni and n1 may represent values related to UE TOA measurement errors.
In the cell ID (CID) positioning measurement method, the location of the UE may be measured through geographic information of the serving ng-eNB, the serving gNB and/or the serving cell of the UE. For example, geographic information of the serving ng-eNB, the serving gNB, and/or the serving cell may be obtained through paging, registration, or the like.
Meanwhile, the E-CID positioning measurement method may use additional UE measurement and/or NG-RAN radio resources and the like for improving the UE location estimate in addition to the CID positioning measurement method. In the E-CID positioning measurement method, some of the same measurement methods as those of the measurement control system of the RRC protocol may be used, but in general, additional measurement is not performed only for the location measurement of the UE. In other words, a separate measurement configuration or measurement control message may not be provided to measure the location of the UE, and the UE also does not expect that an additional measurement operation only for location measurement will be requested, and the UE may report a measurement value obtained through generally measurable measurement methods.
For example, the serving gNB may implement the E-CID positioning measurement method using the E-UTRA measurement provided from the UE.
An example of a measurement element that can be used for E-CID positioning may be as follows.
Here, TADV may be divided into Type 1 and Type 2 as follows.
On the other hand, AoA may be used to measure the direction of the UE. AoA may be defined as an estimated angle for the location of the UE in a counterclockwise direction from the base station/TP. In this case, the geographic reference direction may be north. The base station/TP may use an uplink signal such as a sounding reference signal (SRS) and/or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for AoA measurement. In addition, the larger the antenna array arrangement, the higher the AoA measurement accuracy, when the antenna arrays are arranged at the same interval, signals received from contiguous antenna elements may have a constant phase-rotate.
UTDOA is a method of determining the location of the UE by estimating the arrival time of the SRS. When calculating the estimated SRS arrival time, the location of the UE may be estimated through the difference in arrival time with another cell (or base station/TP) by using the serving cell as a reference cell. To implement UTDOA, the E-SMLC may instruct the serving cell of the target UE to instruct the target UE to transmit SRS. In addition, the E-SMLC may provide configuration such as whether the SRS is periodic/aperiodic, bandwidth, and frequency/group/sequence hopping, etc.
Unlike OTDOA, which requires fine synchronization (e.g. nano-second level) between TPs in the network, RTT is based on TOA measurement like the OTDOA, but requires only coarse TRP (e.g. base station) timing synchronization. Hereinafter, it will be described in detail with reference to
Referring to
In operation B801 based on an exemplary embodiment, the initiating device may transmit an RTT measurement request, and the responding device may receive it.
In operation B803 based on an exemplary embodiment, the initiating device may transmit an RTT measurement signal at t0, and the responding device may acquire a TOA measurement t1.
In operation B805 based on an exemplary embodiment, the responding device may transmit the RTT measurement signal at t2, and the initiating device may acquire a TOA measurement t3.
In operation B807 based on an exemplary embodiment, the responding device may transmit information on [t2−t1], and the initiating device may receive the corresponding information and calculate the RTT based on Equation 4 below. The corresponding information may be transmitted/received based on a separate signal, or may be transmitted/received by being included in the RTT measurement signal of B805.
Referring to
The above-described contents (3GPP system, positioning protocol, procedure for measuring the location of the UE, positioning measurement method, etc.) may be applied in combination with methods proposed in the present disclosure be described later, or may be supplemented to clarify the technical characteristics of the methods proposed in the present disclosure. Methods to be described below are divided for convenience of description, and of course, some components of any one method may be substituted with some components of another method, or may be applied in combination with each other. That is, the various embodiments of the present disclosure described below may be combined in whole or in part to constitute other various embodiments of the present disclosure unless mutually excluded, which can be clearly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In terms of a typical physical channel, the positioning procedure can be performed as follows.
The UE transmits a request for a measurement gap to the base station/server to receive the PRS, and the base station/server transmits information on the measurement gap to the UE and transmits the PRS within the gap. The UE receives the PRS in the designated section (time section based on the measurement gap) and transmits a scheduling request for the UL channel to the base station/server to report the measurement results. The base station/server transmits scheduling information for the corresponding resource to the UE through the PDCCH, and the UE reports measurement results through the designated resource. But from Rel. 17, latancy requirements are shorter than before, so additional mechanisms are needed to meet them. In general, the time taken by the UE for DL positioning measurement is at least a multiple of the lowest common multiple of the periodicity (T_PRS) for the DL PRS resource and the periodicity (T_measGap) for the measurement gap, and the range of the values is {20, 40, 80, 160, 320, 640, 1280, 2560, 5120, 10240} (ms). This is greater than the 10 ms physical layer latency targeted in Rel-17.
The present disclosure describes a method of reducing the latancy in measuring the position of the UE in terms of the physical layer.
Procedures related to position measurement in the physical layer will be described with reference to
Referring to
The base station delivers/transmits information on measurement gap configuration to the UE ({circle around (2)}).
The UE receives PRS resource(s) and/or PRS resource sets configured within the designated gap. In other words, the base station transmits the PRS resource(s)/PRS resource set(s) configured within the time interval according to the measurement gap to the UE (Measurement gap and PRS transmission/reception). As described above, the UE performs PRS measurement in a time interval according to the measurement gap.
The UE requests resource allocation to report PRS measurement results. Specifically, the UE requests resources for UL data (i.e. PRS measurement results) to be transmitted. In other words, the UE transmits a scheduling request to the base station through PUCCH ({circle around (3)}).
The base station allocates UL resources so that the UE can report measurement results in response to the scheduling request. Specifically, the base station transmits an uplink grant (UL grant) to the UE through PDCCH ({circle around (4)}).
The UE delivers the results of PRS measurement through allocated resources. Specifically, based on the UL grant, a UL resource (PUSCH resource) for reporting the results of PRS measurement may be determined. The UE reports the measurement result to the base station through PUSCH ({circle around (5)}).
Below, it is described a method for reducing latancy in the following two aspects.
The UE is allocated information on the PRS resource(s)/PRS resource set(s) to be measured through assistance data. In addition, the UE also receives information on the measurement gap in which measurement of the PRS is performed.
In general, measurement of PRS may mean measuring PRS resources existing within a measurement gap. However, even if there is no configuration for the measurement gap, the UE can utilize designated PRS resources for positioning measurement. The UE may have multiple TRPs configured, but does not need to measure all configured TRPs. That is, the location server (LMF) may indicate the UE to measure a specific DL PRS resource(s) or set, and if the UE immediately reports the measurement results, it may be advantageous in terms of latency.
That is, the UE receives and measures only the specific PRS transmitted within the measurement duration associated with the specified measurement gap periodicity and periodicity of the PRS resource. If the UE requests a measurement report or performs a report before the measurement duration ends, there may be a benefit in terms of time latancy.
Below, methods for latency reduction related to the measurement gap are described. Specifically, it is described a method of shortening the actual measurement duration by limiting the PRS resource(s)/PRS resource set(s)/TRP(s) measured by the UE in the base station/server.
As an example, the base station/server (e.g. location server, Location Management Function (LMF)) may configure the UE to limit the number of PRS resources/TRPs related to the PRS measurement operation to a certain number (e.g. maximum and/or minimum number).
Specifically, the base station/server may configure at least one of the following i) to iii) to a certain value in the UE. The certain value may mean the maximum number or minimum number.
As an example, the maximum or minimum number may be configured in any one of i) to iii) above (e.g. maximum (minimum) number of PRS resources). As an example, the maximum or minimum number may be configured in two or more of i) to iii) above (e.g. maximum (minimum) number of PRS resources, minimum (maximum) number of PRS resource sets). As an example, the maximum or minimum number may be configured in each of i) to iii) above (e.g. maximum (minimum) number of PRS resources, minimum (maximum) number of PRS resource sets). The above-described combinations are merely examples prepared for convenience of explanation, and are not intended to limit the scope of technical ideas related to the present embodiment to some items. That is, the value configured for any one of i) to iii) above can be configured individually regardless of the value configured for the remaining items (e.g. the value of maximum number/minimum number).
For example, restrictions on the maximum/minimum number of PRS resources may be applied as follows. The number of PRS resources may be counted from the PRS resource that the UE first measures, and may mean the number of PRS resources themselves measured by the UE regardless of the PRS resource set and TRP. These operations/configurations may be equally applied to the maximum or minimum number of PRS resource sets or TRPs.
According to the present embodiment, the value for the measurement window to be measured by the UE is indirectly indicated through (the number of) the PRS resources/PRS resource set/TRP. That is, the measurement window may be limited based on the number of configured PRS resources/PRS resource set/TRP, and the time required for measurement of the UE may be reduced.
Priority rules for DL RS resource(s) monitored by the UE may be based on Table 13 below.
The base station/server may directly indicate measurement for a specific PRS resource using the descending order (Table 13 above) related to the priority for PRS resources to be measured in the UE.
For example, the number configured for i) to iii) described above may be indicated as follows. The base station/server may operate as follows to indicate measurement for the specific PRS resource.
As an example, the base station/server may directly indicate the UE in the form of a bitmap for at least one of the PRS resource, PRS resource set, and/or TRP arranged in descending order through a hierarchical structure. This method may be applied in the same way as the muting method for SRS.
As an example, the base station/server may directly indicate an index for at least one of the PRS resource, PRS resource set, and/or TRP arranged in descending order. The base station/server may configure the UE to operate as follows based on the indicated index. The UE may perform measurements only up to the indicated index based on the descending order and report the measurement results. As described above, as the number of DL PRSs to be measured by the UE is limited, latency may also decrease.
Below, it is described methods for latency reduction related to the reporting and request. The procedures related to measurement reporting and requests are another key component from a physical layer perspective due to the sorting time and processing latency required for each procedure. From this perspective, physical layer latency may be reduced if specific procedures can be omitted. For example, when a message for measurement gap configuration is accompanied by UL grant information, latency may be reduced. For example, when a message for a measurement gap request includes a scheduling request for measurement report and/or a Buffer Status Report (BSR), latency may be reduced.
The base station transmits uplink grant (UL grant) information to the UE based on a scheduling request received from the UE.
When a measurement request is made, the base station/server transmits related information together to report the result obtained through a specific positioning method. In general, since the base station/server can know the amount of information reported by the UE, no additional operation for resource allocation is performed after transmission of the UL grant. However, if a specific environment is assumed, additional procedures for resource allocation may be performed. As an example, it may be assumed that at the time point the base station transmits UL grant information, available UL resources are insufficient. At this time, the base station delivers allocable resources to the UE, and then the base station can additionally allocate UL resources based on the Buffer Status Report (BSR) reported from the UE. The UE may transmit remaining data through resources additionally allocated from the base station.
Due to the above additional procedures, latency may increase rapidly. For use cases where latency is important, configurations/operations may be performed to reduce latency caused by continuous measurement reports. Specifically, the base station/server may configure information related to the number of measurement reports to the UE. As an example, the base station/server may configure the UE to perform a one shot measurement report or N shot measurement report (i.e. one-time measurement report/N-time measurement report).
For example, if one shot measurement report is configured, the UE may report the measurement results as follows. The UE may report measurement results considering designated (allocated) resources. The UE transmits the high priority element first based on the priority of the designated information element (e.g. elements of information representing the measurement result). The UE discards elements that were not transmitted or later transmits the remaining elements in the n-th measurement report.
As an example, a value related to the number of measurement reports (single shot or multiple shot) may be configured/indicated through system information, RRC signaling, MAC CE, or DCI.
As an example, a value related to the number of measurement reports may be configured/defined in advance as a default value (e.g. single shot measurement report).
Priority for information elements for measurement results obtained based on each positioning method may be defined in advance. For example, when common IE (e.g. CommonIEsProvideLocationInformation) is configured to the highest priority among information elements about measurement results, or when reporting measurement results based on each method, for example, based on OTDOA, there may be a priority rule such as transmitting information related to signal measurement first. That is, the UE transmits measurement results through designated resources by considering the priorities among IEs.
Additionally, it is described methods that can benefit in terms of latency by simplifying procedures related to scheduling request/grant below.
A method of delivering UL grant information through configuration for a measurement gap may be considered.
According to this embodiment, uplink resources may be allocated in advance to reduce latency regardless of whether the UE transmits a scheduling request or not. Specifically, when the base station/server receives a request for a measurement gap from the UE, the base station/server may pre-allocate uplink resources to be used, by the UE, for reporting and transmit them along with configuration information on the measurement gap. As an example, the configuration information for measurement gap (LPP message) may include information on uplink resources for measurement reporting.
Because resources are allocated in advance, it may be inefficient in terms of resource utilization to apply modulation differently (apply modulation orders differently) depending on the channel status. However, these disadvantages can be offset by the following effects. Resources for time/frequency/power consumed to transmit a scheduling request from the UE and resources consumed to transmit a grant from the base station are reduced. Additionally, since resources are determined without scheduling requests and UL grant-related signaling, it can bring more benefits in terms of latency.
To report the measurement results of PRS, a method of utilizing preconfigured resources based on a grant-free method may be considered.
The grant free method is a method introduced to reduce the latency of data transmission used in the URLLC (Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication) system. According to this embodiment, the grant-free method may be introduced for positioning of the NR system. This will be described in detail below.
Resources for reporting on positioning measurement may be configured in advance through system information and/or RRC signaling. A PUSCH resource area is pre-allocated based on the system information and/or RRC signaling, and the UE transmits measurement results in the corresponding area. That is, the UE may transmit (report) the results of PRS measurement based on the PUSCH resource within the preconfigured resource area. At this time, multiple UEs may share the same area (i.e. PUSCH resource area). Data transmitted by each UE may be configured/transmitted to be differentiated using a code domain. That is, data (measurement results) transmitted by a plurality of UEs in the PUSCH resource area may be transmitted based on code division multiplexing (CDM). The above-described embodiment assumes that the UE is in the RRC connected state, but is not limited thereto. That is, the above-described embodiment may be applied even when the UE is in a state other than the RRC connected state (e.g. RRC inactive state, RRC idle state). As an example, the UE in the RRC inactive state may transmit PRS measurement results through the PUSCH resource area. As an example, the UE in the RRC idle state may transmit PRS measurement results through the PUSCH resource area.
According to this embodiment, resources for reporting measurement results are determined without scheduling requests and UL grant-related signaling, so latency is reduced.
A method in which the UE transmits information on a buffer status report (BSR) to the base station in advance may be considered.
In general, if the UE has a lot of data to transmit on the PUSCH and cannot transmit all of it through the designated resource, the UE transmits information on the buffer status to the PUSCH through BSR. That is, if there is data left to be transmitted by the UE, resources are allocated again and transmission of the data is performed again. Therefore, an additional two-step procedure is performed compared to the existing three-step procedure (measurement gap request/configuration, resource allocation, and measurement reporting). That is, latency increases in that the two-step procedure of resource allocation and measurement result transmission are additionally performed to transmit the remaining data.
According to this embodiment, in order to prevent the increase in latency as described above, when the UE transmits a scheduling request, it can also transmit BSR information on the data to be transmitted. In other words, since the UE has already completed the measurement before the scheduling request, the UE may predict in advance the amount of resources for reporting measurement results, at least from a positioning perspective. The UE may transmit information on the BSR (e.g. n bit information) by including it in a scheduling request. The base station may consider information on the corresponding BSR when generating UL grant information. In other words, the base station may allocate resources where measurement results can be reported at once based on the BSR information included in the scheduling request.
Through the above operation, the increase in latency caused by the problem of lack of resources for PUSCH can be solved. If the amount of resources required according to the BSR information included in the scheduling request is large, the following operation can be considered.
As an example, the base station may include allocation information for a plurality of time/frequency resources in one grant and transmit the one grant to the UE. That is, by transmitting one grant including discontinuous resources, resources and time consumed for additional grants can be saved.
For example, if the amount of data to be sent is large compared to the resources designated by the UE (by UL grant), the UE may report measurement results using only the designated resources. Specifically, the UE may rearrange and organize data to be sent by applying a set data priority. The UE may transmit data arranged/organized based on the priority using only designated (allocated) resources. An example of the data priority is as follows.
The priority for data (measurement results) reported by the UE may be defined/determined/configured in advance using TRP information, PRS information, RSRP results, time stamp, Rx beam index, etc. For example, if only data up to the time stamp can be transmitted through the designated resource, the UE does not report data with a subsequent priority, such as the Rx beam index.
Information on the data priority may be defined/configured in advance. As an example, information on the data priority may be indicated through an LPP message such as system information and/or request location information.
This embodiment may be applied in combination with the methods described above.
A method of transmitting a grant after a certain period of time has elapsed after the measurement gap may be considered.
According to this embodiment, the base station may transmit a UL grant to the UE at a specific time point without a scheduling request of the UE. That is, the UE may not transmit a scheduling request for allocation of resources for reporting measurement results, and the UE may expect to receive the UL grant at the specific time point.
The specific time point may be based on a time point after the measurement gap. Specifically, the specific time point may be determined based on the measurement gap and a predefined value. As an example, the base station may transmit grant information to the UE after an x symbol, y slot, or z subframe after the measurement gap. The UE may receive the grant information from the base station at a specific time point when a certain amount of time (e.g. x symbol/y slot/z subframe) has elapsed after the measurement gap.
The corresponding x, y, and z values may be predefined or flexibly indicated through system information. Information on the frequency (resource) at which the grant information is transmitted may be predefined as an active BWP or a BWP through which a PRS is transmitted.
In addition, parameters related to transmission, such as MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme), or values for the time/frequency resource above may be transmitted through an LPP message such as system information or measurement gap configuration.
The reason for configuring an offset for the time point when the grant is transmitted as described above (e.g. x symbol/y slot/z subframe) is to ensure the minimum times related to the operation of the base station/UE. That is, the offset value (e.g. x symbol/y slot/z subframe) for determining the specific time point may be configured based on the time required to provide the minimum time for the base station's grant generation operation and the preparation operation for the UE to receive PRS and generate and report measurement results. The offset value may be configured differently depending on the capacity of the UE.
Since the operations {circle around (1)}, {circle around (2)}, and {circle around (4)} in
The UE measures the PRS, expects to receive grant information after a designated time (Waiting time for grant reception), and performs blind decoding the PDCCH. That is, the UE may receive a UL grant from the base station by performing blind decoding on the PDCCH at a specific time point after the measurement gap ({circle around (3)}).
The base station may automatically recognize that the UE will report the results later while receiving a measurement gap request from the UE. The base station may transmit grant information for PUSCH to the UE at a predefined time after the measurement gap.
Through this embodiment, the UE does not transmit a separate scheduling request, thereby improving resource utilization and reducing latency.
A method of reporting measurement results using a scheduling request may be considered.
According to this embodiment, when the UE transmits a scheduling request for PUSCH transmission, the measurement result value may be transmitted together.
For example, when delivering results included in PUCCH (scheduling request), the UCI (Uplink Control Information) field is very limited, so some of the measurement results (some of the information elements representing the measurement results) may be transmitted through the PUCCH. Information reported through the PUCCH may be information determined to be the most important information among the measurement results. Information reported through the PUCCH may be predefined or may be indicated to the UE through system information or an LPP message.
As an example, rather than using the PUCCH format corresponding to the scheduling request, the measurement result may be reported through a new PUCCH format. The UCI bit field of the corresponding PUCCH format may include scheduling information for the PUSCH to be transmitted later. That is, according to this embodiment, the UE directly selects transmission resources for the PUSCH and informs the base station of information about them.
It is clear that examples of the proposed methods described above can also be included as one of the various embodiments of the present disclosure, and thus can be regarded as a type of proposed methods. Additionally, the proposed methods described above may be implemented independently, but may also be implemented in the form of a combination (or merge) of some of the proposed methods. A rule may be defined so that the base station informs the UE of the application of the proposed methods (or information on the rules of the proposed methods) through a predefined signal (e.g. a physical layer signal or a higher layer signal).
The above-described embodiments (e.g. at least one of Case #1, Case #2, Method 1, Method 2, Method 3, Method 4, and/or Method 5) can be applied when the RRC state of the UE is RRC connected state. However, it is not limited to this, and the above-described embodiments (e.g. at least one of Case #1, Case #2, Method 1, Method 2, Method 3, Method 4, and/or Method 5) can be applied even when the RRC state of the UE is RRC inactive state or RRC idle state.
In terms of implementation, the operations of the UE/base station/location server according to the above-described embodiments (e.g. operations based on at least one of Case #1, Case #2, Method 1, Method 2, Method 3, Method 4, and/or Method 5) may be processed by the devices (e.g. processors 102, 202 in
Additionally, the operations of the UE/base station/location server according to the above-described embodiment (e.g. operations based on at least one of Case #1, Case #2, Method 1, Method 2, Method 3, Method 4, and/or Method 5) may be stored in memory (e.g. 104, 204 in
Hereinafter, operations of a UE, a base station (TRP), and a location server (LMF) to which the above-described embodiments can be combined and applied will be described in detail with reference to
Referring to
Meanwhile, in operation 2003 according to an exemplary embodiment, the location server and/or the LMF may transmit reference configuration information to a transmission and reception point (TRP), and the TRP may receive it. In operation 2005 according to an exemplary embodiment, the TRP may transmit reference configuration information to the UE, and the UE may receive it. In this case, the operation 2001 according to the exemplary embodiment may be omitted.
Conversely, the operations 2003 and 2005 according to an exemplary embodiment may be omitted. In this case, the operation 2001 according to the exemplary embodiment may be performed.
That is, the operations 2001 according to an exemplary embodiment and the operations 2003 and 2005 according to an exemplary embodiment may be optional.
In operation 2007 according to an exemplary embodiment, the TRP may transmit a signal related to configuration information to the UE, and the UE may receive it. For example, the signal related to the configuration information may be a signal for positioning of the UE.
In operation 2009 according to an exemplary embodiment, the UE may transmit a signal related to positioning to the TRP, and the TRP may receive it. In operation 2011 according to an exemplary embodiment, the TRP may transmit the signal related to positioning to the location server and/or the LMF, and the location server and/or the LMF may receive it.
Meanwhile, in operation 2013 according to an exemplary embodiment, the UE may transmit the signal related to positioning to the location server and/or the LMF, and the location server and/or the LMF may receive it. In this case, operations 2009 and 2011 according to the exemplary embodiment may be omitted.
Conversely, operation 2013 according to an exemplary embodiment may be omitted. In this case, operations 2009 and 2011 according to the exemplary embodiment may be performed.
That is, operations 2009 and 2011 according to an exemplary embodiment and operations 2013 according to an exemplary embodiment may be optional.
In an exemplary embodiment, the signal related to positioning may be obtained based on the configuration information and/or the signal related to the configuration information.
Referring to (a) of
Referring to (b) of
Referring to (c) of
More specific operations, functions, terms, etc. in the operation according to each exemplary embodiment may be performed and described in combination with at least one of the various embodiments described above and the embodiments to be described later.
Hereinafter, the above-described embodiments (
Referring to
In S1810, the UE transmits the message for requesting the measurement gap to the base station. The message for requesting the measurement gap may be an LPP message or an RRC message (e.g. upper layer parameter NR-PRS-MeasurementInfoList).
According to the above-described S1810, the operation of transmitting a message for requesting a measurement gap by the UE (100/200 in
In S1820, the UE receives configuration information related to the measurement gap from the base station. The configuration information related to the measurement gap may be based on an LPP message or an RRC message (e.g. mgl in the upper layer parameter GapConfig). For example, the length of the measurement gap may be configured based on configuration information related to the measurement gap (e.g. x ms).
According to one embodiment, the configuration information may include information related to measurement of the PRS. This embodiment may be based on the embodiment related to Case #1 described above. Based on information related to the measurement of the PRS, the number of PRS resources measured by the UE may be limited to a certain number. The number of PRS resources measured (monitored) by the UE may be determined based on at least one of the number of PRS resources, the number of PRS resource sets (a PRS resource set includes one or more PRS resources), and/or the number of TRPs transmitting PRS (number of TRPs receiving PRS). That is, the information related to the measurement of the PRS may include information on at least one of i) maximum or minimum number of the PRS resources, ii) minimum or maximum number of PRS resource sets and/or iii) maximum or minimum number of transmission and reception points (TRPs) related to the PRS.
According to one embodiment, the configuration information may include information representing a number of reports of the information on measurement of the PRS. This embodiment may be based on the embodiment related to Case #2 described above. Transmission of the information on the measurement of the PRS may be performed based on the number of reports. As an example, the number of reports may be configured to 1 (one shot measurement report). As an example, the number of reports may be configured to a value of 2 or more (multiple shot measurement report).
At this time, based on the number of reports being configured to 1 and the information on the measurement of the PRS being greater than information that can be transmitted through the preconfigured resource, only some of the information elements representing information on the measurement of the PRS may be transmitted. Specifically, one or more information elements among information elements representing the information on the measurement of the PRS may be determined, and the one or more information elements may be transmitted. The one or more information elements may be transmitted based on a predefined priority.
According to one embodiment, the configuration information may include UL grant information. This embodiment may be based on Method 1 described above. Specifically, to reduce latency, uplink resources can be pre-allocated through configuration information related to the measurement gap regardless of whether the terminal transmits a scheduling request. Specifically, uplink resources may be allocated in advance to reduce latency through configuration information related to the measurement gap regardless of whether the UE transmits a scheduling request or not.
According to the above-described S1820, the operation of receiving configuration information related to the measurement gap by the UE (100/200 in
In S1830, the UE receives the PRS from the base station based on the measurement gap. The base station may be based on the Reference Source (e.g. Transmission and Reception Point (TRP)) of
The UE may receive the PRS within a time interval based on the measurement gap. In other words, the measurement for the PRS may be performed within a time interval based on the measurement gap.
According to the above-described S1830, the operation of receiving the PRS based on the measurement gap from the base station (100/200 in
In S1840, the UE transmits information on the measurement of the PRS to the base station. The S1840 may be based on operations 2009 and 2011 of
Transmission of information on the measurement of the PRS may be performed as defined in Table 7 above. As an example, the information on the measurement of the PRS may include Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD) related to the PRS and/or Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) related to the PRS.
According to one embodiment, transmission of information on the measurement of the PRS may be performed based on a protocol for positioning. As an example, information on the PRS measurement may be transmitted based on LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP).
The information on the measurement of the PRS may be transmitted based on preconfigured resources. The preconfigured resource may be a resource determined/configured based on at least one of Case #1, Case #2, and Method 1 to Method 5 described above.
As an example, the preconfigured resource may be determined based on the configuration information. This embodiment may be based on Method 1 above. Specifically, the configuration information may include UL grant information. The preconfigured resource may be determined based on UL grant information included in the configuration information.
As an example, the preconfigured resources may be based on resources configured for grant-free transmission. This embodiment may be based on Method 2 above. Specifically, the PUSCH resource area may be configured in advance for the grant-free transmission (i.e. UL transmission without resource allocation based on the UL grant). The preconfigured resources may be based on resource(s) within the PUSCH resource area. This embodiment may be performed based on the RRC state of the UE. For example, based on the fact that the RRC state of the UE is RRC inactive state (or RRC idle state), the information on the measurement of the PRS may be transmitted through resources configured for the grant-free transmission. As an example, based on the fact that the RRC state of the UE is RRC connected state, the information on the measurement of the PRS may be transmitted through resources configured for the grant-free transmission.
As an example, Buffer Status Report (BSR) information related to the preconfigured resource may be included in a scheduling request (SR) and transmitted. The preconfigured resources may be determined based on an uplink grant (UL grant) related to the SR. This embodiment may be based on Method 3 above.
As an example, the preconfigured resource may be determined based on an uplink grant (UL grant) received at a predefined time point after the measurement gap. This embodiment may be based on Method 4 above. The predefined time point may be determined based on the measurement gap and a preconfigured offset. The preconfigured offset may be configured in units based on at least one of a symbol, a slot, or a subframe. The value of the preconfigured offset may be configured based on a capability of the UE. The capability of the UE may be related to the time required for operations related to measurement of the PRS.
As an example, the preconfigured resource may be based on a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource for transmission of a scheduling request (SR). This embodiment may be based on Method 5 above.
According to one embodiment, transmission of information on the measurement of the PRS may be performed based on the number of reports configured through the configuration information. For example, if the number of reports is 1, transmission of information on the measurement of the PRS may be performed only once.
It may be assumed that the number of reports is configured to 1 and information on the measurement of the PRS is greater than information that can be transmitted through the preconfigured resource (i.e. measurement results cannot be transmitted at once through the preconfigured resources). At this time, only some of the information elements representing information on the measurement of the PRS may be transmitted.
Specifically, one or more information elements among information elements representing information on the measurement of the PRS may be determined, and the one or more information elements may be transmitted through the preconfigured resource.
According to the above-described S1840, the operation of transmitting information on the measurement of the PRS by the UE (100/200 in
The method may further include receiving configuration information related to the PRS. Specifically, the UE receives configuration information related to the PRS from the base station/location server. As an example, the location server may refer to the Location Management Function (LMF) of
As an example, the configuration information related to the PRS may include DL PRS resource set and/or DL-PRS-Resource, which are upper layer parameters based on Table 7 above. However, it is not limited to this, and the configuration information related to the PRS may further include other upper layer parameters defined in Table 7 above.
The configuration information related to the PRS may be received based on a protocol for positioning. As an example, the configuration information related to the PRS may be received based on LPP (LTE Positioning Protocol).
According to the above-described steps, the operation of receiving the configuration information related to the PRS from the location server/base station (100/200 in
Hereinafter, the above-described embodiments (
Referring to
In S1910, the base station receives a message for requesting a measurement gap from the UE. The message for requesting the measurement gap may be an LPP message or an RRC message (e.g. upper layer parameter NR-PRS-MeasurementInfoList).
According to the above-described S1910, an operation of receiving a message for requesting a measurement gap by the base station (100/200 in
In S1920, the base station transmits the configuration information related to the measurement gap to the UE. The configuration information related to the measurement gap may be based on an LPP message or an RRC message (e.g. mgl in the upper layer parameter GapConfig). For example, the length of the measurement gap may be configured based on configuration information related to the measurement gap (e.g. x ms).
According to one embodiment, the configuration information may include information related to measurement of the PRS. This embodiment may be based on the embodiment related to Case #1 described above. Based on information related to the measurement of the PRS, the number of PRS resources measured by the UE may be limited to a certain number.
The number of PRS resources measured (monitored) by the UE may be determined based on at least one of the number of PRS resources, the number of PRS resource sets (a PRS resource set includes one or more PRS resources), and/or the number of TRPs transmitting PRS (number of TRPs receiving PRS). That is, the information related to the measurement of the PRS may include information on at least one of i) maximum or minimum number of the PRS resources, ii) minimum or maximum number of PRS resource sets and/or iii) maximum or minimum number of transmission and reception points (TRPs) related to the PRS.
According to one embodiment, the configuration information may include information representing a number of reports of the information on measurement of the PRS. This embodiment may be based on the embodiment related to Case #2 described above. Reception of the information on the measurement of the PRS may be performed based on the number of reports. As an example, the number of reports may be configured to 1 (one shot measurement report). As an example, the number of reports may be configured to a value of 2 or more (multiple shot measurement report).
At this time, based on the number of reports being configured to 1 and the information on the measurement of the PRS being greater than information that can be transmitted through the preconfigured resource, only some of the information elements representing information on the measurement of the PRS may be transmitted. Specifically, one or more information elements among information elements representing the information on the measurement of the PRS may be determined by the UE. The base station may receive the one or more information elements from the UE. The one or more information elements may be determined based on a predefined priority.
According to one embodiment, the configuration information may include UL grant information. This embodiment may be based on Method 1 described above. Specifically, to reduce latency, uplink resources can be pre-allocated through configuration information related to the measurement gap regardless of whether the terminal transmits a scheduling request. Specifically, uplink resources may be allocated in advance to reduce latency through configuration information related to the measurement gap regardless of whether the UE transmits a scheduling request or not.
According to the above-described S1920, the operation of transmitting configuration information related to the measurement gap to the UE (100/200 in
In S1930, the base station transmits the PRS to the UE based on the measurement gap. The base station may be based on the Reference Source (e.g. Transmission and Reception Point (TRP)) of
The base station may transmit the PRS within a time interval based on the measurement gap. In other words, the measurement of the PRS by the UE may be performed within a time interval based on the measurement gap.
According to the above-described S1930, the operation of transmitting the PRS based on the measurement gap to the terminal (100/200 in
In S1940, the base station receives information on the measurement of the PRS from the UE. The S1940 may be based on operations 2009 and 2011 of
Reception of information on the measurement of the PRS may be performed as defined in Table 7 above. As an example, the information on the measurement of the PRS may include Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD) related to the PRS and/or Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) related to the PRS.
According to one embodiment, reception of information on the measurement of the PRS may be performed based on a protocol for positioning. As an example, information on the PRS measurement may be received based on LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP).
The information on the measurement of the PRS may be received based on preconfigured resources. The preconfigured resource may be a resource determined/configured based on at least one of Case #1, Case #2, and Method 1 to Method 5 described above.
As an example, the preconfigured resource may be determined based on the configuration information. This embodiment may be based on Method 1 above. Specifically, the configuration information may include UL grant information. The preconfigured resource may be determined based on UL grant information included in the configuration information.
As an example, the preconfigured resources may be based on resources configured for grant-free transmission. This embodiment may be based on Method 2 above. Specifically, the PUSCH resource area may be configured in advance for the grant-free transmission (i.e. UL transmission without resource allocation based on the UL grant). The preconfigured resources may be based on resource(s) within the PUSCH resource area. This embodiment may be performed based on the RRC state of the UE. For example, based on the fact that the RRC state of the UE is RRC inactive state (or RRC idle state), the information on the measurement of the PRS may be received through resources configured for the grant-free transmission. As an example, based on the fact that the RRC state of the UE is RRC connected state, the information on the measurement of the PRS may be received through resources configured for the grant-free transmission.
As an example, Buffer Status Report (BSR) information related to the preconfigured resource may be included in a scheduling request (SR) and received. The preconfigured resources may be determined based on an uplink grant (UL grant) related to the SR. This embodiment may be based on Method 3 above.
As an example, the preconfigured resource may be determined based on an uplink grant (UL grant) received at a predefined time point after the measurement gap. This embodiment may be based on Method 4 above. The predefined time point may be determined based on the measurement gap and a preconfigured offset. The preconfigured offset may be configured in units based on at least one of a symbol, a slot, or a subframe. The value of the preconfigured offset may be configured based on a capability of the UE. The capability of the UE may be related to the time required for operations related to measurement of the PRS.
As an example, the preconfigured resource may be based on a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource for transmission of a scheduling request (SR). This embodiment may be based on Method 5 above.
According to one embodiment, reception of information on the measurement of the PRS may be performed based on the number of reports configured through the configuration information. For example, if the number of reports is 1, reception of information on the measurement of the PRS may be performed only once.
It may be assumed that the number of reports is configured to 1 and information on the measurement of the PRS is greater than information that can be transmitted through the preconfigured resource (i.e. measurement results cannot be transmitted at once through the preconfigured resources). At this time, only some of the information elements representing information on the measurement of the PRS may be received.
Specifically, one or more information elements among information elements representing information on the measurement of the PRS may be determined, and the one or more information elements may be received through the preconfigured resource.
According to the above-described S1940, the operation of receiving information on the measurement of the PRS from the UE (100/200 in
The method may further include transmitting configuration information related to the PRS. Specifically, the base station transmits configuration information related to the PRS to the UE. As an example, the location server may refer to the Location Management Function (LMF) of
As an example, the configuration information related to the PRS may include DL PRS resource set and/or DL-PRS-Resource, which are upper layer parameters based on Table 7 above. However, it is not limited to this, and the configuration information related to the PRS may further include other upper layer parameters defined in Table 7 above.
The configuration information related to the PRS may be transmitted based on a protocol for positioning. As an example, the configuration information related to the PRS may be transmitted based on LPP (LTE Positioning Protocol).
According to the above-described steps, the operation of transmitting the configuration information related to the PRS to the UE (100/200 in
The various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts of the present disclosure described in this document may be applied to, without being limited to, a variety of fields requiring wireless communication/connection (e.g., 5G) between devices.
Hereinafter, a description will be given in more detail with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings/description, the same reference symbols may denote the same or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or functional blocks unless described otherwise.
Referring to
The wireless devices 100a to 100f may be connected to the network 300 via the BSs 200. An AI technology may be applied to the wireless devices 100a to 100f and the wireless devices 100a to 100f may be connected to the AI server 400 via the network 300. The network 300 may be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. Although the wireless devices 100a to 100f may communicate with each other through the BSs 200/network 300, the wireless devices 100a to 100f may perform direct communication (e.g., sidelink communication) with each other without passing through the BSs/network. For example, the vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 may perform direct communication (e.g. Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V)/Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). The IoT device (e.g., a sensor) may perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices 100a to 100f.
Wireless communication/connections 150a, 150b, or 150c may be established between the wireless devices 100a to 100f/BS 200, or BS 200/BS 200. Herein, the wireless communication/connections may be established through various RATs (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink/downlink communication 150a, sidelink communication 150b (or, D2D communication), or inter BS communication (e.g. relay, Integrated Access Backhaul(IAB)). The wireless devices and the BSs/the wireless devices may transmit/receive radio signals to/from each other through the wireless communication/connections 150a and 150b. For example, the wireless communication/connections 150a and 150b may transmit/receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, at least a part of various configuration information configuring processes, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, and resource mapping/demapping), and resource allocating processes, for transmitting/receiving radio signals, may be performed based on the various proposals of the present disclosure.
Referring to
The first wireless device 100 may include one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104 and additionally further include one or more transceivers 106 and/or one or more antennas 108. The processor(s) 102 may control the memory(s) 104 and/or the transceiver(s) 106 and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor(s) 102 may process information within the memory(s) 104 to generate first information/signals and then transmit radio signals including the first information/signals through the transceiver(s) 106. The processor(s) 102 may receive radio signals including second information/signals through the transceiver 106 and then store information obtained by processing the second information/signals in the memory(s) 104. The memory(s) 104 may be connected to the processor(s) 102 and may store a variety of information related to operations of the processor(s) 102. For example, the memory(s) 104 may store software code including commands for performing a part or the entirety of processes controlled by the processor(s) 102 or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. Herein, the processor(s) 102 and the memory(s) 104 may be a part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver(s) 106 may be connected to the processor(s) 102 and transmit and/or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 108. Each of the transceiver(s) 106 may include a transmitter and/or a receiver. The transceiver(s) 106 may be interchangeably used with Radio Frequency (RF) unit(s). In the present disclosure, the wireless device may represent a communication modem/circuit/chip.
The second wireless device 200 may include one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204 and additionally further include one or more transceivers 206 and/or one or more antennas 208. The processor(s) 202 may control the memory(s) 204 and/or the transceiver(s) 206 and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor(s) 202 may process information within the memory(s) 204 to generate third information/signals and then transmit radio signals including the third information/signals through the transceiver(s) 206. The processor(s) 202 may receive radio signals including fourth information/signals through the transceiver(s) 106 and then store information obtained by processing the fourth information/signals in the memory(s) 204. The memory(s) 204 may be connected to the processor(s) 202 and may store a variety of information related to operations of the processor(s) 202. For example, the memory(s) 204 may store software code including commands for performing a part or the entirety of processes controlled by the processor(s) 202 or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. Herein, the processor(s) 202 and the memory(s) 204 may be a part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver(s) 206 may be connected to the processor(s) 202 and transmit and/or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 208. Each of the transceiver(s) 206 may include a transmitter and/or a receiver. The transceiver(s) 206 may be interchangeably used with RF unit(s). In the present disclosure, the wireless device may represent a communication modem/circuit/chip.
Hereinafter, hardware elements of the wireless devices 100 and 200 will be described more specifically. One or more protocol layers may be implemented by, without being limited to, one or more processors 102 and 202. For example, the one or more processors 102 and 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP). The one or more processors 102 and 202 may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and/or one or more Service Data Unit (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. The one or more processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. The one or more processors 102 and 202 may generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document and provide the generated signals to the one or more transceivers 106 and 206. The one or more processors 102 and 202 may receive the signals (e.g., baseband signals) from the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 and acquire the PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.
The one or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. The one or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. As an example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in the one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software and the firmware or software may be configured to include the modules, procedures, or functions. Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be included in the one or more processors 102 and 202 or stored in the one or more memories 104 and 204 so as to be driven by the one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, commands, and/or a set of commands.
The one or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to the one or more processors 102 and 202 and store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and/or commands. The one or more memories 104 and 204 may be configured by Read-Only Memories (ROMs), Random Access Memories (RAMs), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memories (EPROMs), flash memories, hard drives, registers, cash memories, computer-readable storage media, and/or combinations thereof. The one or more memories 104 and 204 may be located at the interior and/or exterior of the one or more processors 102 and 202. The one or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to the one or more processors 102 and 202 through various technologies such as wired or wireless connection.
The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, control information, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in the methods and/or operational flowcharts of this document, to one or more other devices. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data, control information, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document, from one or more other devices. For example, the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to the one or more processors 102 and 202 and transmit and receive radio signals. For example, the one or more processors 102 and 202 may perform control so that the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one or more other devices. The one or more processors 102 and 202 may perform control so that the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data, control information, or radio signals from one or more other devices. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to the one or more antennas 108 and 208 and the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document, through the one or more antennas 108 and 208. In this document, the one or more antennas may be a plurality of physical antennas or a plurality of logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert received radio signals/channels etc. from RF band signals into baseband signals in order to process received user data, control information, radio signals/channels, etc. using the one or more processors 102 and 202. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert the user data, control information, radio signals/channels, etc. processed using the one or more processors 102 and 202 from the base band signals into the RF band signals. To this end, the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog) oscillators and/or filters.
Referring to
Codewords may be converted into radio signals via the signal processing circuit 1000 of
Specifically, the codewords may be converted into scrambled bit sequences by the scramblers 1010. Scramble sequences used for scrambling may be generated based on an initialization value, and the initialization value may include ID information of a wireless device. The scrambled bit sequences may be modulated to modulation symbol sequences by the modulators 1020. A modulation scheme may include pi/2-Binary Phase Shift Keying (pi/2-BPSK), m-Phase Shift Keying (m-PSK), and m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (m-QAM). Complex modulation symbol sequences may be mapped to one or more transport layers by the layer mapper 1030. Modulation symbols of each transport layer may be mapped (precoded) to corresponding antenna port(s) by the precoder 1040. Outputs z of the precoder 1040 may be obtained by multiplying outputs y of the layer mapper 1030 by an N*M precoding matrix W. Herein, N is the number of antenna ports and M is the number of transport layers. The precoder 1040 may perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT) for complex modulation symbols. Alternatively, the precoder 1040 may perform precoding without performing transform precoding.
The resource mappers 1050 may map modulation symbols of each antenna port to time-frequency resources. The time-frequency resources may include a plurality of symbols (e.g., a CP-OFDMA symbols and DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) in the time domain and a plurality of subcarriers in the frequency domain. The signal generators 1060 may generate radio signals from the mapped modulation symbols and the generated radio signals may be transmitted to other devices through each antenna. For this purpose, the signal generators 1060 may include Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) modules, Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserters, Digital-to-Analog Converters (DACs), and frequency up-converters.
Signal processing procedures for a signal received in the wireless device may be configured in a reverse manner of the signal processing procedures 1010 to 1060 of
The wireless device may be implemented in various forms according to a use-case/service (refer to
The additional components 140 may be variously configured according to types of wireless devices. For example, the additional components 140 may include at least one of a power unit/battery, input/output (I/O) unit, a driving unit, and a computing unit. The wireless device may be implemented in the form of, without being limited to, the robot (100a of
In
Referring to
The communication unit 110 may transmit and receive signals (e.g., data and control signals) to and from other wireless devices or BSs. The control unit 120 may perform various operations by controlling constituent elements of the hand-held device 100. The control unit 120 may include an Application Processor (AP). The memory unit 130 may store data/parameters/programs/code/commands needed to drive the hand-held device 100. The memory unit 130 may store input/output data/information. The power supply unit 140a may supply power to the hand-held device 100 and include a wired/wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The interface unit 140b may support connection of the hand-held device 100 to other external devices. The interface unit 140b may include various ports (e.g., an audio I/O port and a video I/O port) for connection with external devices. The I/O unit 140c may input or output video information/signals, audio information/signals, data, and/or information input by a user. The I/O unit 140c may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit 140d, a speaker, and/or a haptic module.
As an example, in the case of data communication, the I/O unit 140c may acquire information/signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, images, or video) input by a user and the acquired information/signals may be stored in the memory unit 130. The communication unit 110 may convert the information/signals stored in the memory into radio signals and transmit the converted radio signals to other wireless devices directly or to a BS. The communication unit 110 may receive radio signals from other wireless devices or the BS and then restore the received radio signals into original information/signals. The restored information/signals may be stored in the memory unit 130 and may be output as various types (e.g., text, voice, images, video, or haptic) through the I/O unit 140c.
Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the device (
Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the device (
Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the device (
The embodiments of the present disclosure described hereinbelow are combinations of elements and features of the present disclosure. The elements or features may be considered selective unless otherwise mentioned. Each element or feature may be practiced without being combined with other elements or features. Further, an embodiment of the present disclosure may be constructed by combining parts of the elements and/or features. Operation orders described in embodiments of the present disclosure may be rearranged. Some constructions of any one embodiment may be included in another embodiment and may be replaced with corresponding constructions of another embodiment. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that claims that are not explicitly cited in each other in the appended claims may be presented in combination as an embodiment of the present disclosure or included as a new claim by subsequent amendment after the application is filed.
The embodiments of the present disclosure may be achieved by various means, for example, hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. In a hardware configuration, the methods according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may be achieved by one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, etc.
In a firmware or software configuration, the embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in the form of a module, a procedure, a function, etc. For example, software code may be stored in a memory unit and executed by a processor. The memories may be located at the interior or exterior of the processors and may transmit data to and receive data from the processors via various known means.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present disclosure may be carried out in other specific ways than those set forth herein without departing from the spirit and essential characteristics of the present disclosure. The above embodiments are therefore to be construed in all aspects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the disclosure should be determined by the appended claims and their legal equivalents, not by the above description, and all changes coming within the meaning and equivalency range of the appended claims are intended to be embraced therein.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10-2021-0060855 | May 2021 | KR | national |
This application is the National Stage filing under 35 U.S.C. 371 of International Application No. PCT/KR2022/006753, filed on May 11, 2022, which claims the benefit of earlier filing date and right of priority to Korean Application No. 10-2021-0060855, filed on May 11, 2021, the contents of which are all hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entireties.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/KR2022/006753 | 5/11/2022 | WO |
