One dimension of the transformation of global communications is the increasing complexity of devices. Coupled to the fragmentation of the industry is the dramatic growth in adoption. The result is that the bottom line of Operators and Device Manufactures is substantially impacted by the cost of returned devices and other costs of supporting dissatisfied customers.
A high rate of customer churn is attributed to several expensive phenomena: when customers report their frustrations, long hold times for support calls are the first experience. On the vendor carrier side, they incur a high cost of support without much benefit. Many calls are repeated without successful resolution. Frequently the proposed solution is to offer to exchange phones for the customer but returned devices exhibit a high rate of no fault found. The replacement devices often exhibit the same or other failures which lowers customer satisfaction with the product offering and as soon as practicable, the customer departs for another vendor. Thus the cost of acquiring new customers is aggravated with the cost of replacing lost customers.
Commonly, customers report that the support organizations do not appreciate the problems, take a long time to make any progress, and have few tools at hand. After a long and fruitless interaction, resetting the device to factory settings is the only suggestion. Analysis conducted at the time of the support call may not expose the source of a problem that has occurred in the past at a different location. By the time the customer has established connectivity with the support call line, the useful data may have vanished, even though a customer may have experienced the same fault multiple times.
With the market for connected mobile devices accelerating, and smartphones and tablets continuing their market penetration, support costs are sharply increasing, fueled by a combination of factors, including uncertified applications, new interfaces, complexity of devices, fragmentation of operating systems, and the frequency of updates.
Mobile operators typically have access to a wealth of data from their networks and some user-generated information, but they have little insight on what is happening on the device itself. Only device-sourced metrics can give operators a true representation of the performance of a device to help resolve device support issues and improve the consumer experience. Operators are constantly striving to increase service quality and customer satisfaction to improve the overall customer experience. There is a great need to focus on improved care, particularly from the consumer's perspective.
As is known, MapReduce refers to a programming model for processing large data sets with a parallel, distributed algorithm on a cluster. A MapReduce program is composed of a first procedure that performs filtering and sorting (such as sorting into multiple queues) and a second procedure that performs a summary operation (such as counting the number of occurrences in each queue, yielding frequencies). The “MapReduce System” (also called “infrastructure” or “framework”) orchestrates by marshalling the distributed servers, running the various tasks in parallel, managing all communications and data transfers between the various parts of the system, and providing for redundancy and fault tolerance.
The model is inspired by the map and reduce functions commonly used in functional programming, although their purpose in the MapReduce framework is not the same as in their original forms. Furthermore, the key contributions of the MapReduce framework are not the actual map and reduce functions, but the scalability and fault-tolerance achieved for a variety of applications by optimizing the execution engine once.
MapReduce libraries have been written in many programming languages, with different levels of optimization. A popular open-source implementation is Apache Hadoop. Discovering correlations or patterns within large datasets is a suitable application of this parallel computing strategy. U.S. Pat. No. 7,650,331, SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR EFFICIENT LARGE-SCALE DATA PROCESSING, issued Jan. 19, 2010, pertains to this subject. But such simple parallel flow is not universally applicable to all problems poised for large datasets. It is the observation of the Applicants that a conventional MapReduce style of processing is unsatisfactory for low latency analysis such as interactive customer support.
A long sought desire has been for a customer care solution aimed at reducing the duration of customer support calls, decreasing the number of no-fault-found device returns, and improving the consumer experience with explicit permission from the end user, and without tangible impact on battery drain rates, data plan usage or user experience. Any reduction in “no fault found” or in customer care call length increases profitability.
Both manufacturers and service providers have a desire to ensure customer satisfaction but each control only a piece of the puzzle i.e. the network and the end-user terminals and neither control the radio channel across the planet.
Because end-users further have the ability to install many apps, not long after any two mobile wireless devices have been in customer hands, their configurations are likely to diverge.
It can be difficult to first determine what is “normal” for millions of mobile wireless devices, all slightly different. Then for any individual mobile wireless device user, is the hardware, software, or communication channel substantially divergent from normal for like peers or within a range of reasonable expectation? What is needed is a way to meaningfully evaluate the performance of an individual mobile wireless device.
To further clarify the above and other advantages and features of the present embodiments, a more particular description of the embodiments will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It is appreciated that these drawings depict only typical embodiments and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope. The embodiments will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying drawings in which:
The subject matter of this patent application is a method and architecture which transforms measurements taken for a population in aggregate and also transforms measurements taken for a selected member of the population for comparison.
Measurements are taken at each mobile wireless device and subsequently stored and aggregated.
Each member of a mobile wireless population is configured with a data collection agent which collects data according to a modifiable data collection profile. The collected data are packaged and uploaded to a distributed store. Massive parallel transformations anonymize, aggregate, and abstract the performance characteristics in a multi-dimensional space. This overcomes a huge volume of data to discover trends and network related inadequacies for planning and optimization.
Upon demand, data from individual mobile wireless devices may be extracted for comparison.
But having all the comparable values for every individual is uneconomic and unwieldy. An embodiment provides that the data packages from a selected data collection agent can be located for a period of time and the same transformations can be applied in miniature to obtain statistics which are comparable to the aggregates.
Analyze variances to ID potential causes of customer dissatisfaction.
Possibly the customer is dissatisfied by not knowing that his perceived performance is within the range acceptable to all users generally. Or there may be a particular out of normal set of measurements that suggest a remedy or at least a problem analysis flow or pattern. Rather than depend on subjective perception of what is good or bad, or seek to achieve arbitrary thresholds of acceptance, a comparison with whatever is normal across a category of like users can be insightful.
Detailed and immediate issue resolution and remedies for better costs and revenue.
Avoiding the return and refurbishment of equipment which are within spec, and increasing loyalty and satisfaction of customer/subscribers can lower costs and increase margins and profitability. Being responsive in identifying a specific individual problem and offering a particular remedy can change the perception of a supplier's reputation.
Identical transformations applied to an individual device as well as across the entire comparable population of devices enables reactive care to a customer incident.
As data packages are received from individual devices and stored into a distributed store, a record is kept enabling retrieval of any specific device during a range of time (e.g. last 72 hours). The transformations can be performed both in parallel for the population of all devices as a scheduled job, and can also be performed on-demand for packages from a single device in a matter of seconds or minutes. The identical transformations enable meaningful comparison of a specific user's results with the group of like users. This can be accomplished while the user is on the phone to his support center. Then individualized suggestions can be made in real time to adjust settings or install pertinent updates.
Reference will now be made to the drawings to describe various aspects of example embodiments. It should be understood that the drawings are diagrammatic and schematic representations of such exemplary embodiments and, accordingly, are not limiting of the scope of the present embodiments, nor are the drawings necessarily drawn to scale. In the following description, numerous details are set forth. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that the present embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form, rather than in detail, in order to avoid obscuring the present embodiments.
Some portions of the detailed descriptions which follow are presented in terms of algorithms and symbolic representations of operations on data bits within a computer memory. These algorithmic descriptions and representations are the means used by those skilled in the data processing arts to most effectively convey the substance of their work to others skilled in the art. An algorithm is here, and generally, conceived to be a self-consistent sequence of steps leading to a desired result. The steps are those requiring physical manipulations of physical quantities. Usually, though not necessarily, these quantities take the form of electrical or magnetic signals capable of being stored, transferred, combined, compared, and otherwise manipulated. It has proven convenient at times, principally for reasons of common usage, to refer to these signals as bits, values, elements, symbols, characters, terms, numbers, or the like.
It should be borne in mind, however, that all of these and similar terms are to be associated with the appropriate physical quantities and are merely convenient labels applied to these quantities. Unless specifically stated otherwise as apparent from the following discussion, it is appreciated that throughout the descriptions, discussions utilizing terms such as “processing” or “computing” or “calculating” or “determining” or “displaying” or the like, refer to the action and processes of a computer system, or similar electronic computing device, that manipulates and transforms data represented as physical (electronic) quantities within the computer systems registers and memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the computer system memories or registers or other such non-transitory information storage, communication circuits for transmitting or receiving, or display devices.
The present embodiments also relate to an apparatus for performing the operations herein. This apparatus may be specifically constructed for the required purposes, or it may comprise application specific integrated circuits which are mask programmable or field programmable, or it may comprise a general purpose processor device selectively activated or reconfigured by a computer program comprising executable instructions and data stored in the computer. Such a computer program may be stored in a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, such as, but not limited to, any type of disk including floppy disks, optical disks, CD-ROMs, magnetic-optical disks, solid state disks, flash memory, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), EPROMS, EEPROMS, magnetic or optical cards, or any type of non-transitory media suitable for storing electronic instructions, and each coupled to a computer system data channel or communication network.
The algorithms and displays presented herein are not inherently related to any particular computer, circuit, or other apparatus. Various configurable circuits and general purpose systems may be used with programs in accordance with the teachings herein, or it may prove convenient to construct more specialized apparatus to perform the required method steps in one or many processors. The required structure for a variety of these systems will be apparent from the description below. In addition, the present embodiments are not described with reference to any particular programming language or operating system environment. It will be appreciated that a variety of programming languages, operating systems, circuits, and virtual machines may be used to implement the embodiments as described herein.
To take advantage of a large array of available compute engines, the problem is broken up to provision metrics to measures transformations in parallel to a large number of compute engines local to the data packages which minimizes data transfer. The same or other compute engines operate on a plurality of measures output from the metrics to measures transformation to enrich the measures by applying correlations based on time. As data packages are presented to the metrics to measures transformations in sequential time, the enrichments can continue to improve the information by inferences based on correlations of events in time sequence.
From the continuously improving enriched measures, certain Key Performance Indicators (KPI) are derived. A third set of transformations, which may be assigned to compute engines, operate on the enriched measures to generate KPI for the population of wireless mobile devices as a whole or for selected subsets.
Referring now to
A second compute engine or group of compute engines performs correlations on the measures to enrich the measures over time i.e. over a series of data packages. The enriched measures are written at another memory address.
When storage at that memory address is occupied, a third compute engine (having been so configured) operates on the enriched measures to generate Key Performance Indicators (KPI) that are comparable to the KPI generated on the whole population or any subset. A second silo illustrates that the same flow or a different flow can be provisioned to another group of compute engines which depend on data being transferred into their respective input memory addresses such as when a second customer calls for care.
Referring to
In mode 1, a conventional multiprocessor application, the results are aggregate results at every stage. Compute nodes may operate at more than one task, KPI generation, enrichment, or transforming metrics to measures as assigned. In mode 2 a compute node remains assigned to a task even when idle during one assignment. Some resources are always under utilized to enable low latency response to a customer request.
In another embodiment, an array of nodes dynamically operated as a Hadoop framework is reconfigured upon demand to provide low latency support for individual customers. Data packages are poured through a mesh of map reduce daemons to determine enriched facts.
In comparison, a conventional Map/Reduce environment, data is unstructured and streamed to a plurality of parallel localized nodes. The massively parallel operation of all steps is accomplished by the stages of Map and subsequent Reduce.
The present embodiment includes a step of indexing the data packages as they arrive and are stored as illustrated in
One aspect of the embodiments are methods when performed by processors that infer one of three types of patterns:
Inferencing Causality. A first event which generally precedes a second event within a range of time or events is associated as having a cause and effect relationship.
Inferencing Assertion/Assumption. A first event is assumed to be successful by assertion unless an objection is signaled within a range of time or events. Until a second event is received which “objects” to the first event, the first event is considered successful. In this case, silence implies success or validity.
Inferencing Propinquity. Two events may not be simultaneous or it may not be possible to determine their position in absolute time but within a range they may be determined as propinquitous.
A distinguishing characteristic of this embodiment is a method for streamlining Hadoop Map/Reduce through in-memory buckets as shown in
Instead of scheduling Mapping in parallel at a plurality of nodes to receive and process data streamed from a storage, each desired Map/Reduce operation is hot and reads from an in-memory bucket and writes to an in-memory bucket.
In an embodiment, rather than having a sequence of Maps scheduled to each node, a plurality of nodes is permanently operating one of a sequence of Map and Reduce operations whose inputs and outputs are chained together by memory locations as shown in
Some measure transformations require a series of map and reduce operations. Where these are the case, a pipeline consists of nodes each continuously operating a transformation and in-memory locations that store as intermediate results. Once a data package is stored in the first in-memory location, it is transformed by each node in turn until the output is in the last in-memory location as shown in
Referring now to
Referring now to
Referring now to
Referring now to
Referring now to
One aspect of this embodiment is that the method executes either in a distributed Hadoop map/reduce environment or in memory.
One aspect of this embodiment is a framework for producing rich facts and KPIs (Key Performance Indicators) from metrics collected from wireless devices. The framework provides both Java APIs and an XML syntax for expressing the particular facts and KPIs to produce. Each particular executable instantiation of these Java and XML artifacts is referred to below as a flow. This framework supports different deployment models for a flow:
On-demand (in memory, not using Hadoop)
All deployment models concern the manner in which the huge amount of data from phones gets divided up into manageable amounts that can be computed. This embodiment addresses the previously unsolved challenge to ensure consistent results when dividing the data into chunks, as well as achieve acceptable turn-around time (measured in hours for batch and seconds for on-demand).
The on-demand customer care flow provides very rapid response to a customer service representative interacting live with a customer experiencing a problem with their device or the service that they are receiving. An on-demand customer care flow is initialized once and run multiple times. Each time that the flow is executed, it is passed uploads for one particular customer.
The on-demand customer care flow is distinguished by not running on a grid. Instead the measure assembly line processes the uploads and produces the measures.
Unlike conventional methods the intermediate measures are not written to disk. Instead the measures are kept in memory and passed to the next enrichment that consumes them. Intermediate measures are normally discarded from memory after each execution of the flow. Injected measures are produced only during the first execution of the flow. Any enriched measure that is produced solely from injected measures will also be produced only during the first execution of the flow. If such measures are used only as direct inputs then they will be discarded from memory after the first execution of the flow. (Note that the measure definition that was initialized with the direct input measures will have some or all that information in its own hash map). But if an injected measure is processed as bucketed input to an enrichment that also consumes customer-related packages, as in a join cached measure, then that intermediate output will be retained and be completely reprocessed in every execution of a flow.
Instead, this embodiment fully processes the data collected in the 24 hours since the last batch, and combine it with data collected in the 30 previous daily batch runs. But because lots of data gets correlated or aggregated across day boundaries, and because a lot of the data that we collect each day reflect events that occurred on the phone several days or more earlier, it is extremely challenging to figure out what computations performed on prior days need to be redone today.
The on-demand customer care flow provides very rapid response to a customer service representative interacting live with a customer experiencing a problem with their device or the service that they are receiving.
An on-demand customer care flow is initialized once and run multiple times. Each time that the flow is executed, it is passed uploads for one particular customer.
In an embodiment the measure assembly line processes the uploads and produces the measures. The intermediate measures are not written to disk as is done conventionally. Instead the measures are kept in memory and passed to the next enrichment that consumes them. Intermediate measures are normally discarded from memory after each execution of a conventional flow.
One aspect of this embodiment is a method for performing steps by a plurality of processors as illustrated in
In an embodiment the method further includes processes as illustrated in
Another aspect of this embodiment is a silo system 900 as illustrated in
Another aspect of this embodiment is an apparatus 1000 as illustrated in
The method of operation is easily distinguished from conventional parallel processing approaches by assigning a specific transformation such as a map or a reduce function to a processor, which is data driven by a memory location.
It is distinguishing characteristic that each stage of a transformation has a dedicated memory output location, which may be the source of another stage.
The techniques described herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, or in computer hardware, firmware, software, or in combinations of them. The techniques can be implemented as a computer program product, i.e., a computer program tangibly embodied in an information carrier, e.g., in a machine-readable storage device or in a propagated signal, for execution by, or to control the operation of, data processing apparatus, e.g., a programmable processor, a computer, or multiple computers. A computer program can be written in any form of programming language, including compiled or interpreted languages, and it can be deployed in any form, including as a stand-alone program or as a module, component, subroutine, or other unit suitable for use in a computing environment. A computer program can be deployed to be executed on one computer or on multiple computers at one site or distributed across multiple sites and interconnected by a communication network.
Method steps of the techniques described herein can be performed by one or more programmable processors executing a computer program to perform functions of the embodiments by operating on input data and generating output. Method steps can also be performed by, and apparatus of the embodiments can be implemented as, special purpose logic circuitry, e.g., an FPGA (field programmable gate array) or an ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit). Modules can refer to portions of the computer program and/or the processor/special circuitry that implements that functionality.
Processors suitable for the execution of a computer program include, by way of example, both general and special purpose microprocessors, and any one or more processors of any kind of digital computer. Generally, a processor will receive instructions and data from a read-only memory or a random access memory or both. The essential elements of a computer are a processor for executing instructions and one or more memory devices for storing instructions and data. Generally, a computer will also include, or be operatively coupled to receive data from or transfer data to, or both, one or more mass storage devices for storing data, e.g., magnetic, magneto-optical disks, or optical disks. Information carriers suitable for embodying computer program instructions and data include all forms of non-volatile memory, including by way of example semiconductor memory devices, e.g., EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory devices; magnetic disks, e.g., internal hard disks or removable disks; magneto-optical disks; and CD-ROM and DVD-ROM disks. The processor and the memory can be supplemented by, or incorporated in special purpose logic circuitry.
System 100 further comprises a random access memory (RAM), or other dynamic storage device 104 (referred to as main memory) coupled to bus 111 for storing information and instructions to be executed by processor 112. Main memory 104 also may be used for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during execution of instructions by processor 112.
Computer system 100 also comprises a read only memory (ROM) and/or other static storage device 106 coupled to bus 111 for storing static information and instructions for processor 112, and a non-transitory data storage device 107, such as a magnetic storage device or flash memory and its corresponding control circuits. Data storage device 107 is coupled to bus 111 for storing information and instructions.
Computer system 100 may further be coupled to a display device 121 such a flat panel display, coupled to bus 111 for displaying information to a computer user. Voice recognition, optical sensor, motion sensor, microphone, keyboard, touch screen input, and pointing devices 123 may be attached to bus 111 or a wireless interface 125 for communicating selections and command and data input to processor 112.
Note that any or all of the components of system 100 and associated hardware may be used in the present embodiments. However, it can be appreciated that other configurations of the computer system may include some or all of the devices in one apparatus, a network, or a distributed cloud of processors.
The embodiments described herein may include the use of a special purpose or general-purpose computer including various computer hardware or software modules, as discussed in greater detail below.
Embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure also include non-transitory, computer-readable media for carrying or having computer-executable instructions or data structures stored thereon. Such computer-readable media can be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium which can be used to store desired program code means in the form of computer-executable instructions or data structures and which can be accessed for execution by a general purpose or special purpose computer to perform a method as disclosed above.
Computer-executable instructions comprise, for example, instructions and data which cause a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or special purpose processing device to perform a certain function or group of functions. Although the subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features and/or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.
As used herein, the term “module” or “component” can refer to software objects or routines that execute on the computing system. The different components, modules, engines, and services described herein may be implemented as objects or processes that execute on the computing system (e.g., as separate threads). While the system and methods described herein are preferably implemented in software, implementations in hardware or a combination of software and hardware are also possible and contemplated. In this description, a “computing entity” may be any computing system as previously defined herein, or any module or combination of modulates running on a computing system.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments may be practiced in network computing environments with many types of computing system configurations, including personal computers, hand-held devices, multi-processor systems, microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and the like. The embodiments may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by local and remote processing devices or servers that are linked (either by hardwired links, wireless links, or by a combination of hardwired or wireless links) through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote memory storage devices.
The present embodiments may also be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. The described embodiments are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the embodiments are, therefore, indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope. A number of embodiments of the present application have been described. Nevertheless, it will be understood that various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments. For example, other network topologies may be used. Accordingly, other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims.
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/143,333, entitled MOBILE WIRELESS CUSTOMER MICRO-CARE APPARATUS AND METHOD, filed Sep. 26, 2018, which is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/142,204 (now abandoned), entitled MOBILE WIRELESS CUSTOMER MICRO-CARE APPARATUS AND METHOD, filed Dec. 27, 2013, each of which applications claim the benefit of priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/769,188, entitled MOBILE WIRELESS CUSTOMER MICRO-CARE APPARATUS AND METHOD, filed Feb. 25, 2013. All of the aforementioned applications are incorporated herein in their respective entireties by this reference.
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61769188 | Feb 2013 | US |
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Parent | 14142204 | Dec 2013 | US |
Child | 16143333 | US |
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Parent | 16143333 | Sep 2018 | US |
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