A portion of the disclosure of this patent document contains material that is subject to copyright protection. The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction by anyone of the patent document or the patent disclosure, as it appears in the Patent and Trademark Office patent file or records, but otherwise reserves all copyright rights whatsoever.
The present invention relates to a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machine and more particularly to a CPAP machine that has a first unit that can be placed in a second unit.
Sleep apnea syndrome afflicts an estimated 1% to 5% of the general population and is due to episodic upper airway obstruction during sleep. Those afflicted with sleep apnea experience sleep fragmentation and intermittent, nearly complete, or complete, cessation of ventilation during sleep with potentially severe degrees of oxyhemoglobin de-saturation.
Although details of the pathogenesis of upper airway obstruction in sleep apnea patients have not been fully defined, it is generally accepted that the mechanism includes either anatomic or functional abnormalities of the upper airway which result in increased air flow resistance. Such abnormalities may include narrowing of the upper airway due to suction forces evolved during inspiration, the effect of gravity pulling the tongue back to oppose the pharyngeal wall, and/or insufficient muscle tone in the upper airway dilator muscles. It has also been hypothesized that a mechanism responsible for the known association between obesity and sleep apnea is excessive soft tissue in the anterior and lateral neck which applies sufficient pressure on internal structures to narrow the airway.
Recent work in the treatment of sleep apnea has included the use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) to maintain the airway of the patient in a continuously open state during sleep. Unfortunately, the statistics on CPAP non-compliance are startling. There are numerous reasons for non-compliance including the lack of portability and noise levels.
It has been recognized that users of a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) apparatus desire the ability to use the apparatus in various locations including home and on the road including hotels and airplanes. In addition, the user desires several features including a quiet system and a small portable system.
A continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) system provides positive airway pressure therapy having a first unit which includes a compressor and a second unit that receives the first unit and includes at least a portion of the air pathway upstream of the compressor.
In an embodiment a gas delivery system provides positive airway pressure therapy during a user's sleep period; the system has a first unit and a second unit. The first unit has a compressor that pressurizes the gas. The compressor includes an impeller and a motor. The first unit has an input to the impeller for receiving air and an outlet for expelling compressed air. The second unit defines a cavity to receive the first unit and defines an air pathway through which air passes prior to the compressor in the first unit.
In an embodiment, the second unit is a hard case having a base having the cavity to receive the first unit and a cover to overlie the first unit.
In an embodiment, the second unit is a pouch having the cavity to receive the first unit. The pouch has a rigid portion defining the air pathway through which air passes prior to the compressor in the first unit.
In an embodiment, the second unit is incorporated into a mask.
In an embodiment, the second unit has a connection for engaging a connection on the first unit for transmitting electricity to the first unit; the second unit has a power source. In an embodiment, the power source is a battery.
In an embodiment of a gas delivery system that provides positive airway pressure therapy during a user's sleep period, the system has a first unit and a second unit. The first unit has a compressor that pressurizes the gas. The compressor includes an impeller and a motor. The first unit has an input to the impeller for receiving air and an outlet for expelling compressed air. The first unit has a controller for operating the compressor. The second unit defines a cavity to receive the first unit and defines an air pathway through which air passes prior to the compressor in the first unit.
In an embodiment, the second unit has a connection for engaging a connection on the first unit for transmitting electricity to the first unit. The second unit has a power source.
In an embodiment, the second unit has a port for allowing access to a receptacle carried on the first unit to receive electricity.
In an embodiment, the first unit has an input device for the operator to control the system.
In an embodiment, the second unit has an input device for the operator to control the system.
In an embodiment, the second unit has a plurality of input devices for the operator to control the system.
In an embodiment, the first unit further comprises at least one sensor for monitoring the system and providing input to the controller.
In an embodiment of a gas delivery system that provides positive airway pressure therapy during a user's sleep period, the system has a first unit and a second unit. The first unit has a compressor that pressurizes the gas, the compressor including an impeller and a motor. The first unit has an input to the impeller for receiving air and an outlet for expelling compressed air. The first unit has a controller for operating the compressor and at least one sensor for monitoring the system and providing input to the controller. The second unit defines a cavity to receive the first unit and defines an air pathway through which air passes prior to the compressor in the first unit. The second unit has a connection for engaging a connection on the first unit for transmitting electricity to the first unit.
In an embodiment, the first unit has a data storage device for recording data from the system.
In an embodiment, the second unit has a data storage device for recording data from the system.
In an embodiment, the system has a remote control port having an input device for the operator to control the system. In an embodiment, the remote control interfaces with the second unit via Bluetooth.
These aspects of the invention are not meant to be exclusive and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art when read in conjunction with the following description, appended claims, and accompanying drawings.
The foregoing and other objects, features, and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description of particular embodiments of the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which like reference characters refer to the same parts throughout the different views. The drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the invention.
A system and method for delivering pressurized gas to the airway of a patient, the system having a gas flow generator for providing a flow of gas and a mask for the delivery of the gas flow to an airway of a patient. The system has a unit that contains a compressor including a motor and impeller that is received in a second unit that receives the first unit and includes at least a portion of the air pathway upstream of the compressor. The second unit can take various forms including a clam shell adapted to be received on a table, a pouch, or a mask.
The abbreviation CPAP stands for continuous positive air pressure which in generic terms is a method of noninvasive or invasive ventilation assisted by a flow of air delivered at a positive pressure throughout the respiratory cycle. It is performed for patients who can initiate their own respirations but who are not able to maintain adequate arterial oxygen levels without assistance. Sometimes the word “continuous” is replaced with the “constant.” For the purpose of this patent, constant positive airway pressure is referred to as mono-level CPAP. CPAP can be in various modes including mono-level CPAP, Bi-level CPAP, Auto-PAP, Servo-ventilation, and ramping. The pressure can also be varied in each pressure mode mentioned to range from 0 pressures to 50 cm H2O pressure.
Referring to
The air for the mask 26 is drawn in at an air intake 36 and passes through a filter 38 and an acoustic suppressor 40 both located in the second unit 24 prior to the blades of the impeller of the compressor 32. The compressor 32 compresses the air, thereby increasing the pressure; an expansion chamber of the compressor allows the compressed air to expand and increase the velocity of the air. The pressurized air passes through the interconnector 28 to the mask 26.
The blower unit 22, the first unit 22, in addition has a controller 42 and a plurality of sensors 44, switches 46, and interface devices 48 for controlling the compressor 32.
The sensors 44 can include a pressure sensor 52 that monitors the pressure of the air in the blower unit 22, the interconnector 28, and/or the mask 26. The sensors 44 can also include a temperature sensor 54, an acoustic sensor 56, and an accelerometer 58. The plurality of switches 46 includes a switch 60 for the system 20 located on the blower unit 22. In addition, the system 20 has a pressure switch 62 which connects to a switch 64 on the mask 26 with a conduit 66 carried by the interconnector 28.
The interface devices 48 include a data log 70 associated with removable media 72. The interface devices 48 can also include a USB port 74, blue tooth 76, and an indicator lamp 78.
Still referring to
The system 20 has a user input 90 that allows the user/clinician to select I modify the working of the system 20. For example, the clinician can adjust the pressures or mode of treatment. The mode could include mono-level CPAP, hi-level CPAP, and ramping. The user can select for example when the blower turns on as described in the paragraph below.
In addition, the blower (flow generator) unit 22 has a timer unit 100 that is capable of controlling when the compressor 32 is on and providing pressured air to the patient interface, mask 26 through the interconnector 28. In addition, the blower unit 22 in certain embodiments has an interface device 94 for detecting and monitoring sleep stages; as explained in more detail below, the interface device takes input from a sensor and determines if the user is asleep. In addition, in certain embodiments the blower unit 22 has a second or alternative interface device 96 for monitoring for detecting obstructed sleep apnea. The timer unit 100, the interface device 94 for detecting sleep stage, and the interface device 96 for detecting OSA are described in provisional application 61/559,912 filed on Nov. 15, 2011 which is incorporated herein by reference.
The mask 26 is most commonly a nasal mask or a full face mask as shown. It is recognized that the patient interface 26 can be other devices such as a nasal cannulae, an endotracheal tube, or any other interface, as explained below, based on other suitable appliances for interfacing between a source of breathing gas and a patient.
It is recognized that certain components that are shown in the first unit 22 can be moved to the second unit 24. In addition, the gross particulate filter 38 can be located in the first unit 22 in contrast to the second unit 24.
Referring to
Referring to
Still referring to
The hose interface connector 164 of the housing 110 has a generally rectangular opening that receives the hose 28. The hose interface connector 164 has an opening 184 that opens up onto an air flow hole 186 that receives the end of the casing 114. In addition the connector 164 has a pair of projections 188 that are received by the hose 28. Each projection 188 has an opening 190 that is in communication with a sensor or switch. In addition, the hose interface connector 164 has a pair of detent openings 192 for securing the hose 28.
Referring to
The blower unit 22 has a series of slots 206 in the housing 110 defining an intake 208 through which it draws in ambient air. The air is drawn through a series of baffle chambers 160 defined by the shell 110 and used to suppress noise. A filter 38 is located in the baffle chamber 210 for blocking particulate that may be in the air. The air flows out of the baffle chamber 210 and between the casing 114 and the upper shell 144 including the translucent dome 112 and is drawn through the opening 120 in the casing 114. The impeller 118, which is enclosed in the casing 114, forces the air into the collection chamber 154 as it rotates. The collection chamber 154 increases in size as it encircles the impeller 118 in the counterclockwise direction. The pressurized air expands in the expansion chamber 156 as it moves to the hose interface connector 164. Arrows 214 show the flow of the air through the blower unit 22.
The motor 160 that drives the impeller 118 has an upper portion 216 with an outer sleeve 218 that encircles a magnet 220. The upper portion 216 is held in position by an air bearing sleeve 222 encircling a pin 224 projecting upward from a motor board 226. The motor board also has a careless waveform continuation coil 228 that receives current in a manner that creates a field to influence the magnet and rotates the upper portion 216 of the motor and the impeller 118.
In an embodiment, the blower unit 22 is approximately 4 inches by 2.5 inches by 1.5 inches in size. The weight of the blower unit 22 is less than 8 ounces.
When the user is ready to use the CPAP system 20, the user turns on the system 20 by turning on the switch as represented by block 60 in
In a mode of operation, the user places the mask 26 on his I her face. In one mode, the user presses a button 64, as seen in
In another mode, the compressor 32 is not turned on until a later time. The later time can be based on a timer, detection of sleep, or detection of OSA. The time delay, detection of sleep, or detection of OSA to turn on the compressor 32 is described in U.S. patent application 61/559,912 filed on Nov. 15, 2011 which is incorporated herein by reference.
The first unit 22, the blower unit 22, can be accepted into various styles of the second unit 24.
Referring back to
As indicated above, the first unit 22, the blower unit or flow generator 32, can be located at various locations. Referring to
Referring to
Referring to
Referring to
Referring to
It is contemplated in certain models of the blower unit 22, that the blower unit 22 includes an internal power source. The blower unit 22 has a plurality of connectors 272 for receiving power, electricity, from the second unit.
In addition to placing the first unit 22 into a second unit 24 that is designed to be placed on a table, the first unit 22 can be placed in a second unit 24 that is designed to be carried on the body.
Referring to
Referring to
As indicated above, the system 20 can be operated in several modes. In another mode or in combination with one or more modes above, the system has an orientation sensor 198 such as a tilt sensor or an accelerometer to determine the orientation of the system 20. The orientation sensor 198 can be located in the second unit 24 such as the mask 300 or in the first unit 22, the blower unit 22. As described above with respect to
The orientation sensor 198 provides input to the controller 42 when the unit 22 is oriented in a vertical direction, such as when a user sits up or stands up. The system 20 can shut off the compressor 32 when the user is in this position. As indicated above, the user may choose not to select this mode for example if they are using the system while flying on a commercial airline.
In addition, the orientation sensor 198 in addition can determine if the user is lying on their back, stomach, or their side. In that the person's orientation effects the obstruction that causes sleep apnea, the amount of pressure needed varies from position to position.
In OSA, the upper airway collapses and blocks airflow during sleep. While the collapse can occur at several points, for example the soft palate in the upper oropharyngeal or pharynx level is drawn downward into the throat during sleep and blocks the airway, the orientation of the user and gravity effects can influence the percentage of blockage.
As indicated above, the first unit 22 can be placed in various forms of a second unit 24 which achieves multiple purposes including reduction of noise. As described shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 of PCT application PCT/US2010/053370 filed on Oct. 20, 2010, a detachable blower on mask system is contemplated and incorporated herein.
Another embodiment of a blower device is illustrated in
Additional pouch embodiments are disclosed in
An integrated CPAP system contemplated herein is having a simple portable blower device having minimal components such as an impellor, motor, and housing that may be docked with any one of: a mask, docking station, hard or soft-shelled pouch. In this way a user/patient, may have the flexibility of using in a number of ways that are more ideal for comfort, portability, and convenience. The blower device or gas delivery system may also include sensors for detecting: pressure, fluid flow, motion, light and sound.
While the principles of the invention have been described herein, it is to be understood by those skilled in the art that this description is made only by way of example and not as a limitation as to the scope of the invention. Other embodiments are contemplated within the scope of the present invention in addition to the exemplary embodiments shown and described herein. Modifications and substitutions by one of ordinary skill in the art are considered to be within the scope of the present invention.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2010/005337 | Oct 2010 | US | national |
This application is a Continuation-in-Part of U.S. Ser. No. 13/450,614 filed Apr. 19, 2012, which claims the benefit of PCT Application PCT/US2010/053370 filed on Oct. 20, 2010 which claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application 61/253,500 filed on Oct. 20, 2009, U.S. Patent Application 61/288,290 filed on Dec. 19, 2009, and U.S. Patent Application 61/301,151 filed on Feb. 3, 2010, and this application claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application 61/639,914 filed Apr. 28, 2012, which are incorporated herein by reference.
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
61639914 | Apr 2012 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
Parent | 13450614 | Apr 2012 | US |
Child | 13873152 | US |