Multi-tower modular dispensing system

Abstract
A multi-tower modular dispensing system including at least a first dispensing head and a second dispensing head at a counter, a transfer unit located remotely from the counter, piping extending from the transfer unit to the counter, the transfer unit including a centralized ingredient system having a plurality of beverage ingredient sources, the centralized ingredient system configured to supply beverage ingredients to the piping for the dispensing of a first beverage at the counter, the piping including a main micro bundle, the main micro bundle including at least two separate beverage ingredient lines.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This disclosure relates generally to a method and modular beverage dispensing system for the dispensing of beverages, e.g., for restaurants (including fast food restaurants), theatres, convenience stores, gas stations, and other entertainment and/or food service venues.


BACKGROUND

Various beverage dispensers, such as those at restaurants, theatres and other entertainment and/or food service venues, typically have either a “drop in” dispenser apparatus or a counter top type dispenser apparatus. In a drop in dispenser apparatus, the dispenser apparatus is self-contained and may be dropped into an aperture of a counter top. In a counter top type dispenser apparatus, the dispenser apparatus is placed on a counter top. In conventional beverage dispensers, a dispensing head is coupled to a particular drink syrup supply source via a single pipe dedicated to supply the particular drink syrup to that dispensing head, wherein the particular drink syrup supply source is typically located near the counter top, i.e., directly under the counter top, or directly over the counter top.


A user will typically place a cup under the signage of the selected beverage and either press a button or press the cup against a dispensing lever to activate the dispenser so that the selected beverage is delivered from the dispensing head corresponding to the selected beverage and into the cup until pressure is withdrawn from the button or lever.


Conventional beverage dispensers are typically limited to dispensing drinks having flavoring supply sources located at their respective counters. Thus, a limited number of drinks are typically available at a conventional beverage dispenser. For example, drinks typically available at a conventional beverage dispenser are a regular cola beverage, a diet cola beverage, perhaps one or several non-cola carbonated beverages, such as a lemon-lime flavored carbonated beverage or some other fruit-flavored drink (e.g., orange flavored carbonated beverage, and/or root beer), and perhaps one more non-carbonated beverage(s), such as a tea and/or a lemonade.


Conventional dispensers are not typically configured to permit a user generate or receive from a single dispensing head a custom-ordered beverage that a consumer may wish to purchase, e.g., a cola flavored with cherry, vanilla, lemon, or lime, etc., or a tea flavored with lemon, orange, peach, raspberry, etc., or a tea having one or more teaspoons of sweetener (sugar, or some other nutritive sweetener or non-nutritive sweetener).


Conventional dispensers typically require servicing and resupply of flavoring sources at the counter.


Conventional dispensers typically require a dedicated dispensing head for each particular beverage.


What is needed is a beverage dispensing system that does not have the limitations and disadvantages of conventional beverage dispensers and methods.


SUMMARY

Accordingly, there is provided a multi-tower modular dispensing system.


In one aspect, a multi-tower dispensing system may comprise at least a first dispensing head and a second dispensing head at a counter, a transfer unit located remotely from the counter, and piping extending from the transfer unit to the counter. The transfer unit may comprise a centralized ingredient system having a plurality of beverage ingredient sources. The centralized ingredient system may be configured to supply beverage ingredients to the piping for the dispensing of a first beverage at the counter. The piping may comprise a main micro bundle, the main micro bundle comprising at least two separate beverage ingredient lines.


In one aspect, a multi-tower modular dispensing system may comprise at least a first dispensing head at a first counter, at least a second dispensing head at a second counter, the first and second counters remote from each other, a transfer unit located remotely from the first counter and the second counter, and piping extending from the transfer unit to the first counter and the second counter. The transfer unit may comprise a centralized ingredient system having a plurality of beverage ingredient sources. The centralized ingredient system may be configured to supply beverage ingredients to the piping for the dispensing of a first beverage at the first counter and for the dispensing of a second beverage at the second counter. The piping may comprise a main micro bundle, the main micro bundle comprising at least two separate beverage ingredient lines.


In one aspect, a multi-tower modular dispensing system may comprise a plurality of dispensing heads at a first counter, a plurality of dispensing heads at a second counter, the first and second counters remote from each other, a transfer unit located remotely from the first counter and the second counter, and piping extending from the transfer unit to the first counter and the second counter. The transfer unit may comprise a centralized ingredient system having a plurality of beverage ingredient sources, the centralized ingredient system configured to supply beverage ingredients to the piping for the dispensing of a plurality of beverages at the first counter and for the dispensing of a plurality of beverages at the second counter, the piping comprising at least one main micro bundle, the main micro bundle comprising a plurality of separate beverage ingredient lines.


The above and other aspects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will be apparent from the following detailed description of the illustrated embodiments thereof which are to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings.





BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS


FIG. 1 is schematic view of an embodiment of a modular dispensing system according to various aspects of the disclosure.



FIG. 2 illustrates an embodiment of a central linked ingredient system according to various aspects of the disclosure.



FIG. 3 illustrates is a perspective of an embodiment of a main micro bundle according to various aspects of the disclosure.



FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment of a doser unit according to various aspects of the disclosure.



FIG. 5 illustrates an embodiment of a tower micro bundle according to various aspects of the disclosure.



FIG. 6 illustrates an alternative embodiment of a modular dispensing system according to various aspects of the disclosure.



FIG. 7 illustrates an embodiment of centralized ingredient system according to various aspects of the disclosure.



FIGS. 8A and 8B illustrate an embodiment of a cartridge for a beverage ingredient according to various aspects of the disclosure.



FIG. 9 illustrates the embodiment of FIG. 1, with the addition of additional dispensing heads at a single counter according to various aspects of the disclosure.



FIG. 10 illustrates the embodiment of FIG. 1, with the addition of an additional counter having an additional dispensing head according to various aspects of the disclosure.



FIG. 11 illustrates the embodiment of FIG. 10, with the addition of additional dispensing heads at each counter according to various aspects of the disclosure.





DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The embodiments discussed below may be used to form a wide variety of beverages, including but not limited to cold and hot beverages, and including but not limited to beverages known under any PepsiCo branded name, such as Pepsi-Cola®.


Referring to FIG. 1, the description of one embodiment of the modular dispensing system of the present disclosure will be described.


Referring to FIG. 1, a modular dispensing system 10 may be provided comprising a plurality of dispensing heads 12 at a counter location 14, and a transfer unit 16 located remotely from the counter location 14. Piping 18 may extend from the transfer unit 16 to the counter location 14.


Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the transfer unit 16 may comprise a centralized ingredient system 20 having a plurality of sources 22 of beverage ingredients 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 92, and 94. FIGS. 1 and 2 show that beverage ingredient 94 may be placed next to beverage ingredient 92, and beverage ingredient 94 may flow into an opening 96 of pipe 98. As described in greater detail below, pipe 98 may be one of the pipes that comprise piping 18. The centralized ingredient system 20 may supply beverage ingredients 24 through 94 to a dispensing head 12 for more than one beverage. FIG. 9 illustrates the embodiment of FIG. 1, with the addition of additional dispensing heads 912A and 912B at a single counter 14. FIG. 10 illustrates the embodiment of FIG. 1, with the addition of an additional counter 114 having an additional dispensing head 1012A, and an additional counter 214 having an additional dispensing head 1024A. At least one of the dispensing heads may be a dispensing head for a drive-through pick up window. While the counters in FIG. 10 depicts the counters in series, those of skill in the art will recognize that the counters may also be configured in parallel, e.g., with a separate micro bundle leaving transfer unit 16 for each counter. FIG. 11 illustrates a variation of embodiments shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, showing dispensing heads 12, 912A, and 912B at counter 14 (which may be supplied with beverage ingredients via main micro bundle 18), dispensing heads 1012A, 1012B and 1012C at counter 114 (which may be supplied with beverage ingredients via main micro bundle 18A), and dispensing heads 1024A, 1024B and 1024 at counter 214 (which may be supplied with beverage ingredients via main micro bundle 18B). While the counters in FIG. 11 depicts the counters in parallel, those of skill in the art will recognize that the counters may also be configured in series, e.g., with a single main micro bundle 18 leaving transfer unit 16 and supplying beverage ingredients to each counter 14, 114, and 124 in series. At least one counter may have a dispensing head dedicated supplying beverages for a drive through window. Those of skill in the art will recognize that the system may have the same or different beverage ingredients supplied to different dispensing heads located at different dispensing towers 13, 913, 915, 1013, 1015, 1017, 1113, 1115, and 1117.


Centralized ingredient system 20 may supply beverage ingredients 24 through 94 for a greater number of beverages than the number of dispensing heads 12 that are located at one counter location 14. As shown in FIG. 10, the centralized ingredient system 20 may supply beverages to dispensing heads located at counter locations 14, 114, 214 that are remote from one another, including but not limited to a counter location 214 for a drive-through window. The centralized ingredient system 20 may be placed at a remote location 100 from counter locations 14, 114, 214, e.g., a back room 102, which preferably is not viewable from at least one counter location. In a preferred embodiment, the centralized ingredient system is not viewable by patrons or customers using a dispenser and/or purchasing a beverage at a counter location.


The centralized ingredient system 20 may comprise a plurality of highly concentrated ingredients for micro dosing in the preparation of a wide variety of beverages. For example, but not by way of limitation, FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 illustrate thirty-six beverage ingredients 24 through 94. Each beverage ingredient 24 through 94 may be stored in a cartridge or storage container 112. As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, cartridge 112 may comprise a bag 116 filled with a beverage ingredient. Each cartridge 112 may store an ingredient that is different from the ingredient stored in every other cartridge 112 that comprise a grouping of plurality of sources 22.


The centralized ingredient system 20 may comprise a plurality of sweeteners 118 and 120. Sweetener 118 may be a nutritive sweetener, and sweetener 120 may be a non-nutritive sweetener.


Transfer unit 16 comprises nutritive sweetener cartridge or container 122, which contains nutritive sweetener 118, and corresponding nutritive sweetener in pump line 124, nutritive sweetener pump 126, and nutritive sweetener out pump line 302.


Transfer unit 16 may comprise non-nutritive sweetener cartridge or container 128, which may contain non-nutritive sweetener 120, and corresponding non-nutritive sweetener in pump line 130, non-nutritive pump 132, and non-nutritive sweetener out pump line 304.


Pump 126 may pump nutritive sweetener 118, and pump 132 may pump non-nutritive sweetener 120 from the transfer unit 16 through piping 18 to dispensing head 12.


Other pumps (not shown) may be used to pump beverage ingredients 24 through 94 from the transfer unit 16 through piping 18 to dispensing head 12.


Another pump or pumps (not shown) may be used to pump water from transfer unit 16 through piping 18 to dispensing head 12. The transfer unit 16 may comprise a water treatment system 134. Water treatment system 134 may be used to treat water. For example, water treatment system 134 may be used to cool water to a desired temperature for a cold beverage. A second water treatment (not shown) may be used to heat water to desired temperature for hot beverages. Water temperature ranges provided by water treatment system(s) used in connection with water treatment systems may be just below about freezing (e.g., to create or prepare a slurry or slush product) through about 180 degrees Fahrenheit (e.g., to create or prepare a hot beverage, such as a coffee or tea). The water treatment system may be any suitable water treatment system that improves taste, reduces odors, and/or reduces chlorines. The water treatment system may be any suitable water treatment system that may improve water quality to near pure water through systems, including but not limited to reverse osmosis (RO). As discussed in greater detail below, treated water is from water treatment system, and a least one beverage ingredient from the centralized ingredient system may be provided to counter location 14. The ratio of water from water treatment system 134 to beverage ingredients provided from centralized ingredient system 20 for a beverage may be about 200 to 1 by weight. In one embodiment, the minimum ingredient may be about 200:1, or about 75:1, or about 40:1 (e.g., in the form of a flavor or acid), through about 40:1 for non-nutritive sweeteners, and about 6:1 for non-nutritive sweeteners. A base beverage may be prepared with about four streams, e.g., water, a sweetener, flavor, and acid). Additional streams may be added to provide top notes, e.g., cherry flavor, or sweetener blends to reduce calories, such as disclosed in U.S. Ser. No. 12/703,048, filed Feb. 9, 2010, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.


Another pump or pumps (not shown) may be used to pump ice from transfer unit 16 through piping 18 to dispensing head 12. In one preferred embodiment, the transfer unit 16 may comprise an ice machine 136.


As shown in FIG. 3, piping or main micro bundle 18 may comprise an outer pipe 138, and bundle of smaller inner pipes 140. Inner pipes 140 may comprise beverage ingredient flavor lines 324, 326, 328, 330, 332, 334, 336, 338, 340, 342, 344, 346, 348, 350, 352, 354, 356, and 358, Inner pipes 140 may comprise beverage ingredient acid lines 360, 362, 364, 366, 368, 370, 372, 374, 376, 378, 380, 382, 384, 386, 388, 390, 392, and 394.


Beverage ingredient flavor line 324 corresponds to beverage ingredient 24, beverage ingredient flavor line 326 corresponds to beverage ingredient 26, etc. The following Table I identifies the correspondence between beverage ingredients and lines.












TABLE I







Beverage ingredient
Line









24
324



26
326



28
328



30
330



32
332



34
334



36
336



38
338



40
340



42
342



44
344



46
346



48
348



50
350



52
352



54
354



56
356



58
358



60
360



62
362



64
364



66
366



68
368



70
370



72
372



74
374



76
376



78
378



80
380



82
382



84
384



86
386



88
388



90
390



92
392



94
394











FIG. 3 illustrates a water out line 396, water return line 398, ice line 306, nutritive sweetener out pump line 302, and non-nutritive sweetener out pump line 304. Water return line 398 may allow for the circulating of water that is not dispensed from a dispensing head 12 to be returned to transfer unit 16 to makeup cold water to be supplied from transfer unit 16 to doser unit 400 (shown in FIG. 4). This helps conserve energy since the water in water return line 398 will be closer to the desired temperature than water that has not been previously cooled. A hot water out line and a hot water return line may also be provided. A hot water return line (not shown) may be used to allow for the circulating of water that is not dispensed from a dispensing head 12 to be returned to transfer unit 16 to makeup hot water to be supplied from transfer unit to doser unit 64. This helps conserve energy since the water in a hot water return line be will closer to the desired temperature than water that has not been previously heated. The ice line 306 may be the largest of the lines in the bundle. Water out line 396 and water return line 398 may be about equal diameter, e.g., about ⅜″ diameter lines. The nutritive sweetener out pump line 302 may have about equal diameter or slightly larger diameter as the non-nutritive sweetener out pump line 304. For example, the nutritive sweetener line may have a diameter of about ⅜″ inches, and the non-nutritive sweetener may have a diameter of about ¼″ inches. The sweetener lines may comprise any desired number, e.g. four different sweetener lines.


As shown in FIG. 4, doser unit 400 may comprise dispenser tower 402, which may comprise dispenser head 12 at counter location 14. Doser unit 400 may comprise an ice hopper 404. Doser unit 400 may receive liquid under pressure and dose appropriately to provide a desired beverage. The dosing of a beverage ingredient may be between about 0.1 cc to about 17 cc. In one embodiment, dosing may be about 0.5 cc to 17 cc for a nutritive sweetener. Dosing may be performed by a sliding vane pump as shown in FIG. 4, or other suitable positive displacement pump, gear pump, piston pump, oscillating pump, or diaphragm pump (not shown). The pump may be controlled through pulse width modulation, stroked or stepped to deliver the appropriate volume of an ingredient to form a beverage. Those of skill in the art will recognize that control of delivery may be achieved through use of an intelligent device, such a computer or purpose embedded electronics.


As shown in FIG. 5, dispenser tower 402 may comprise a tower micro bundle 406. In the embodiment depicted, tower micro bundle 406 comprises an ice line 500, nine carbonated water lines 502, 504, 506, 508, 510, 512, 514, 516, 518, nine non-carbonated water lines 520, 522, 524, 526, 528, 530, 532, 534, 536 (including one that may be re-circulated or created on demand, e.g., from the cold water circuit, eighteen flavor lines 538, 539, 540, 541, 542, 543, 544, 545, 546, 547, 548, 549, 550, 551, 552, 553, 554, 555, eighteen acid lines 556, 558, 559, 560, 561, 562, 563, 564, 565, 566, 567, 568, 569, 570, 571, 572, 573, 574, a nutritive sweetener line 576, and a non-nutritive sweetener line 578. Tower micro bundle 406 may comprise any suitable cladding, including slots and piping.


A beverage ingredient, such as a sweetener, may be sent through a micro bundle to get better mixing. Instead of using a traditional ⅜″ ID or ¼″ ID pipe wherein a sweetener may be dropped to the bottom of a cup and a consumer may not taste the sweetener when drinking a top portion of the beverage in a cup, the present disclosure allows for the use of smaller microtubes to get better mixing and have multiple dispense points (jet it in at a similar rate compared ingredients), and allow for greater dispersion throughout the beverage.


The modular dispensing system may comprise not only a central acid and flavor system, but also a local dairy and/or juice system. Thus, a beverage may be prepared with a shot of juice, e.g., a cola with a shot of lemon juice and/or lime juice. A beverage, such as a cool frappuccino or hot coffee, may be prepared with a shot of a dairy product, e.g., milk or cream.


The modular dispensing system allows for the adding of additional dispenser heads to existing towers for dispensing additional beverages while still using the centralized ingredient system or transfer unit. Such existing towers may be present at drive up systems or in-store systems.


The modular dispensing system may comprise a fast fill system for drive-up applications.


The modular dispensing system may comprise replacement bags for use in ingredient cartridges.


The modular dispensing system may comprise auto sanitizing systems, e.g., auto sanitizing of buttons at dispenser towers 66. The sanitizing system may include a sanitizer cartridge, e.g., a sanitizer cartridge replacing an ingredient cartridge. Those skilled in the art will recognize that locking of a portion of the system may be used so that a sanitizing cycle may be run. For example, a lock out feature with cartridge recognition of the sanitizer may be provided to prevent unintentional beverage dispensing. The lock out feature with cartridge recognition of the sanitizer may have mechanical and electrical redundancy.


The modular dispensing system may comprise interlocks on sweetener types.


The modular dispensing system may comprise and/or communicate with a social media system or application. For example, when a mobile device of a consumer is within a predetermined distance from a sensor linked to the modular dispensing system, a message may be sent to the consumer's mobile device that queries the consumer whether the consumer would like to purchase a beverage. Alternatively, or at the same time, a message may appear at a counter location that queries the consumer whether the consumer would like to purchase a beverage. The social media system or application may download to the modular dispensing system the preference or preferences of a consumer based on the consumer's past purchases and/or identified preferences. Thus, the modular dispensing system and/or the social media system or application may query a particular consumer when a mobile device of a consumer is within a predetermined distance from a sensor of the modular dispensing system.


The modular dispenser system may also receive a beverage order from a consumer via a social media system or application, including but not limited to the social media system or application of a seller of beverages, including but not limited to restaurants, theaters, other entertainment venues, and manufacturers and/or distributors of beverages. A consumer may order a beverage prior to arriving at counter so that the drink may be prepared and placed in a cup by the time or close to the time the consumer arrives at the counter. Alternatively, a cup bearing and RFID identifier may be prepared and made available to the consumer for filling by the time or close to the time the consumer arrives at the counter. For example, see. U.S. Ser. No. 12/704,217, filed Feb. 11, 2010, published on Aug. 12, 2010 as U.S Patent Application Publication No. 2010/0200110, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. This system saves time for both consumers and beverage sellers by cutting down on wait time, ordering time, and beverage preparation time.


Thus, the system may recognize an individual and make certain decisions regarding what beverage(s) or type of beverage(s) to offer the individual. The system may change what the system traditionally offers, e.g., a shot of orange juice in a cola beverage, if such a beverage has been ordered by the individual in the past, or the individual has identified the beverage as a preference on social media system or application.


In addition, the system may handle gifts or promotions given from one entity to another. By way of example, but not limitation, the system may recognize an individual, determine whether that individual has received a gift or is eligible for a promotion, and send a query to the individual as to whether the individual will accept the gift or promotion, such as a free beverage or a beverage at a reduced price.


The system may provide a gesture interface so that a user may order a beverage at sensor without touching the sensor.


The system may also provide a sanitizing screen display, including but not limited to, a puff of steam, a wiping motion display, and ultraviolet LED.


The system may provide a user with variable pricing based on brands being sold, e.g., the system may determine what products a user may receive based on cup size.


The system may allow for a user to pull into a drive up location and through the user's mobile device (e.g., a personal digital assistant, cell phone, or smart phone), via telephone or Wi-Fi, Bluetooth or other suitable communication system, know where the user is located and shows the user a menu, and may also provide the user with a special drive up line to pick up an order.


The system may allow for geolocation for advertising due to restricted street sign usage.


The system may provide designs for various fluid flow paths for micro dosing, e.g., controlling drip, and monitoring an effluent side of the pump.


Fast fill may include systems that allow for fast fill from the bottom of a cup.


On-demand carbonation may be provided using the dosing unit.



FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate other aspects of the present disclosure. A transfer unit 600 may be similar to transfer unit 16 previously described. Transfer unit 600 may comprise a water treatment system 134. Transfer unit 600 may optionally comprise an ice system (not shown), like the ice machine 136 previously described.


Transfer unit 600 may comprise a central ingredient system or central reconstitution factory 602, which may be similar to central ingredient system 20 previously described.


Central reconstitution factory system 602 may be linked to one or more conventional or legacy dispensers 604A, 604B, and 604C using a bundle 606. The linking or connection between central reconstitution factory system 602 and legacy dispensers may be achieved in a backroom at the bundle pump inlet connection. As shown in FIG. 6, central reconstitution factory system 602 may comprise a plurality of beverage ingredients. In FIG. 6, central reconstitution factory 602 comprises twenty beverage ingredients 608, 610, 612, 614, 616, 618, 620, 622, 624, 626, 628, 630, 632, 634, 636, 638, 640, 642, 644, 646. These beverage ingredients may be selected from the group consisting of a beverage flavor ingredient and an acid. Transfer unit 600 may comprise one or more mixing chambers. In FIG. 6, transfer unit 600 comprises mixing chambers 648, 650, 652, 654 and 656, and additional mixing chambers if desired. Mixing chamber 648 may correspond to nozzle dispensers 658 and 660 at legacy dispensers 604A, 604B, and/or 604C, mixing chamber 650 may correspond to nozzle dispenser 662 at legacy dispensers 604A, 604B, and/or 604C, mixing chamber 652 may correspond to nozzle dispenser 664 at legacy dispensers 604A, 604B, and/or 604C, mixing chamber 654 may correspond to nozzle dispenser 666 at legacy dispensers 604A, 604B, and/or 604C, and mixing chamber 656 may correspond to nozzle dispenser 658 at legacy dispensers 604A, 604B, and/or 604C. Additional mixing chambers (not shown) may be provided at transfer unit 600 to correspond to nozzle dispensers 670, 672, 674, and 678 at legacy dispensers 604A, 604B, and/or 604C.


Beverage ingredients may be supplied to mixing chambers from cartridges 112 previously described, or bag-in-box type containers, which prior to the present disclosure were typically placed at a beverage dispensing counter.


Syrups and other beverage ingredients may include any of those provided by PepsiCo Inc. to form beverages known under any PepsiCo branded name, such as Pepsi-Cola®. Syrup and other beverage ingredients may be pumped from cartridges 112 or other supply containers by pumps (not shown) to mixing chambers as desired. These pumps may be driven by CO2 from a tank 671 or 673 and supplied through a CO2 gas branch line 675. These pumps may comprise conventional syrup pumps, e.g., BIP pumps.


Each mixing chamber may correspond to a particular beverage to be provided to a nozzle of legacy dispensers 604A, 604B, and/or 604C. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, a beverage, e.g., a beverage of regular Pepsi-Cola®, may be formed in mixing chamber 648. Inlets to mixing chamber 648 may comprise a water supply line 680, a sweetener supply line 682, an acid supply line 684, and a flavor supply line 686. Mixing chamber 648 may comprise a beverage out line 688. The sweetener, acid, and flavor ingredients supplied to mixing chamber 648 may be highly concentrated amounts of those ingredients mixed with water prior to being supplied to mixing chamber 648, e.g., a ratio of beverage ingredient to water of about 200 to 1 by weight. After being mixed with water from water supply line 680, the mixture exiting mixing chamber 648 in beverage out line 688 may have a ratio of beverage ingredient to water of about 5 to 1 by weight. Water may be supplied to a mixing chamber from water treatment system 679.


Sweetener line 682 may supply to a mixing chamber a nutritive sweetener and/or a non-nutritive sweetener. Sweetener line 682 may be either a nutritive sweetener pump line 302 or a non-nutritive sweetener pump out line 304 as previously described.


Aspects of the disclosure are shown in FIGS. 9, 10, and 11. FIG. 9 shows a multi-tower modular dispensing system that may comprise at least a first dispensing head and a second dispensing head at a counter, a transfer unit located remotely from the counter, and piping extending from the transfer unit to the counter. The transfer unit may comprise a centralized ingredient system having a plurality of beverage ingredient sources. The centralized ingredient system may be configured to supply beverage ingredients to the piping for the dispensing of a first beverage at the counter. The piping may comprise a main micro bundle. The main micro bundle may comprise at least two separate beverage ingredient lines.


At least one doser unit may be provided corresponding to at least the first dispensing head. The doser unit may be configured to receive a beverage ingredient from the transfer unit and dose a predetermined amount of the beverage ingredient to the first dispensing head.


The doser unit may be located at the counter. The doser unit may be located below the counter.


The doser unit may supply an appropriate amount of each beverage ingredient through a tower micro bundle, the tower micro bundle comprising a plurality of separate lines, with each line corresponding to a particular beverage ingredient.


The transfer unit may comprise a water treatment system, the water treatment system configured to treat water entering the water treatment system so that it has at least one predetermined characteristic upon exiting the water treatment system.


At least one predetermined characteristic of the water upon exiting the water treatment system may be a temperature that is lower than the temperature of the water entering the water treatment system.


At least one predetermined characteristic of the water upon exiting the water treatment system is a temperature that is higher than the temperature of the water entering the water treatment system.


The main micro bundle may comprise a line from the water treatment system to the doser unit.


The transfer unit may comprise an ice machine. The main micro bundle may comprise a line from the ice machine to the doser unit.


At least the first dispensing head may be configured to receive ice from an ice hopper and dispense the ice in a predetermined amount along with the other beverage ingredients. The ice hopper may be located at the counter. The ice hopper may be located below the counter.


At least the first dispensing head may be configured to receive at least one carbonated water line and dispense carbonated water in a predetermined amount along with the other beverage ingredients.


The first dispensing head and the second dispensing head may be each configured to receive at least at least two beverage ingredients, the at least two beverage ingredients selected from the group consisting of a flavor ingredient and an acid.


The multi-tower modular dispensing system may comprise at least a first doser unit corresponding to the first dispensing head, and a second doser unit corresponding to the second dispensing head. The first doser unit may be configured to receive a first beverage ingredient from the transfer unit and dose a predetermined amount of the first beverage ingredient to the first dispensing head. The second doser unit may be configured to receive a second beverage ingredient from the transfer unit and dose a predetermined amount of the second beverage ingredient to the second dispensing head. The first beverage ingredient and the second beverage ingredient may be the same or different.


The first doser unit may be configured to supply an appropriate amount of each beverage ingredient for a first predetermined beverage to the first dispensing head through a first tower micro bundle, the first tower micro bundle comprising a plurality of separate lines, with at least one line corresponding to a particular beverage ingredient of the first predetermined beverage. The second doser unit may be configured to supply an appropriate amount of each beverage ingredient for a second predetermined beverage to the second dispensing head through a second tower micro bundle, the second tower micro bundle comprising a plurality of separate lines, with at least one line corresponding to a particular beverage ingredient of the second predetermined beverage. The first predetermined beverage and the second predetermined beverage are the same or different.


In one aspect, and as further shown in FIG. 10, a multi-tower modular dispensing system may be provided comprising at least a first dispensing head at a first counter, and at least a second dispensing head at a second counter. The first and second counters may be remote from each other. A transfer unit may be located remotely from the first counter and the second counter. Piping may extend from the transfer unit to the first counter and the second counter. The transfer unit may comprise a centralized ingredient system having a plurality of beverage ingredient sources. The centralized ingredient system may be configured to supply beverage ingredients to the piping for the dispensing of a first beverage at the first counter and for the dispensing of a second beverage at the second counter. The piping may comprise a main micro bundle. The main micro bundle may comprise at least two separate beverage ingredient lines. The first beverage and the second beverage may be the same or different.


The piping may be configured to supply beverage ingredients from the transfer unit to the first counter and the second counter in series or in parallel. At least the first counter may comprise at least an additional dispensing head.


As shown in FIG. 11, a multi-tower modular dispensing system may comprise a plurality of dispensing heads at a first counter, a plurality of dispensing heads at a second counter, the first and second counters remote from each other, a transfer unit located remotely from the first counter and the second counter, and piping extending from the transfer unit to the first counter and the second counter. The transfer unit may comprise a centralized ingredient system having a plurality of beverage ingredient sources, the centralized ingredient system configured to supply beverage ingredients to the piping for the dispensing of a plurality of beverages at the first counter and for the dispensing of a plurality of beverages at the second counter, the piping comprising at least one main micro bundle, the main micro bundle comprising a plurality of separate beverage ingredient lines. The piping may be configured to supply beverage ingredients from the transfer unit to the first counter and the second counter in series or in parallel.


The invention herein has been described and illustrated with reference to the embodiments of the figures, but it should be understood that the features of the invention are susceptible to modification, alteration, changes or substitution without departing significantly from the spirit of the invention. For example, the dimensions, number, size and shape of the various components may be altered to fit specific applications. Accordingly, the specific embodiments illustrated and described herein are for illustrative purposes only and the invention is not limited except by the following claims and their equivalents.

Claims
  • 1. A multi-tower modular dispensing system comprising: at least a first dispensing head of a first tower and a second dispensing head of a second tower, each tower above a counter;a transfer unit located in a back room remote from the counter;piping extending from the transfer unit to the counter;the transfer unit comprising a centralized ingredient system having a plurality of beverage ingredient sources, the centralized ingredient system configured to supply beverage ingredients to the piping for dispensing of a first beverage above the counter;the piping comprising a main micro bundle pipe, the main micro bundle pipe comprising at least two separate beverage ingredient lines;at least a first doser unit corresponding to the first dispensing head, the first doser unit configured to receive a first beverage ingredient through the main micro bundle pipe from the transfer unit and dose a predetermined amount of the first beverage ingredient to the first dispensing head; a second doser unit configured to receive a second beverage ingredient from the transfer unit and dose a predetermined amount of the second beverage ingredient to the second dispensing head.
  • 2. The multi-tower modular dispensing system of claim 1, wherein the first doser unit and the second doser unit are located below the counter.
  • 3. The multi-tower modular dispensing system of claim 1, wherein the first doser unit supplies an appropriate amount of each beverage ingredient through a first tower micro bundle, the first tower micro bundle comprising a plurality of separate lines, with each line corresponding to a particular beverage ingredient.
  • 4. The multi-tower modular dispensing system of claim 1, wherein the transfer unit comprises a water treatment system, the water treatment system configured to treat water entering the water treatment system so that it has at least one predetermined characteristic upon exiting the water treatment system.
  • 5. The multi-tower modular dispensing system of claim 4, wherein the at least one predetermined characteristic of the water upon exiting the water treatment system is a temperature that is lower than the temperature of the water entering the water treatment system.
  • 6. The multi-tower modular dispensing system of claim 4, wherein the at least one predetermined characteristic of the water upon exiting the water treatment system is a temperature that is higher than the temperature of the water entering the water treatment system.
  • 7. The multi-tower modular dispensing system of clam 4, wherein the main micro bundle pipe comprises a line from the water treatment system to the first doser unit.
  • 8. The multi-tower modular dispensing system of claim 1, wherein the transfer unit comprises an ice machine.
  • 9. The multi-tower modular dispensing system of claim 8, wherein the main micro bundle pipe comprises a line from the ice machine to the first doser unit.
  • 10. The multi-tower modular dispensing system of claim 1, wherein at least the first dispensing head is configured to receive ice from an ice hopper and dispense the ice in a predetermined amount along with the other beverage ingredients.
  • 11. The multi-tower modular dispensing system of claim 10, wherein the ice hopper is located at the counter.
  • 12. The multi-tower modular dispensing system of claim 11, wherein the ice hopper is located below the counter.
  • 13. The multi-tower modular dispensing system of claim 1, wherein at least the first dispensing head is configured to receive at least one carbonated water line and dispense carbonated water in a predetermined amount along with the other beverage ingredients.
  • 14. The multi-tower modular dispensing system of claim 1, wherein the first dispensing head and the second dispensing head are each configured to receive at least two beverage ingredients, the at least two beverage ingredients selected from the group consisting of a flavor ingredient and an acid.
  • 15. The multi-tower modular dispensing system of claim 1, wherein the first beverage ingredient and the second beverage ingredient are the same.
  • 16. The multi-tower modular dispensing system of claim 1, wherein the first doser unit is configured to supply an appropriate amount of each beverage ingredient for a first predetermined beverage to the first dispensing head through a first tower micro bundle, the first tower micro bundle comprising a plurality of separate lines, with at least one line corresponding to a particular beverage ingredient of the first predetermined beverage, wherein the second doser unit is configured to supply an appropriate amount of each beverage ingredient for a second predetermined beverage to the second dispensing head through a second tower micro bundle pipe, the second tower micro bundle comprising a plurality of separate lines, with at least one line corresponding to a particular beverage ingredient of the second predetermined beverage.
  • 17. The multi-tower dispensing system of claim 1, wherein the first beverage ingredient and the second beverage ingredient are different.
  • 18. The multi-tower dispensing system of claim 8, wherein the first dispensing head is configured to dispense ice from the main micro bundle pipe.
  • 19. The multi-tower dispensing system of claim 1, wherein the counter comprises a first counter and a second counter, the second counter remote from the first counter, wherein the first tower is located above the first counter, and the second tower is located above the second counter.
  • 20. The multi-tower dispensing system of claim 19, wherein the main micro bundle pipe comprises a first main micro bundle pipe corresponding to the first tower, and a second main micro bundle pipe corresponding to the second tower.
  • 21. The multi-tower dispensing system of claim 19, wherein the main micro bundle pipe comprises a first main micro bundle pipe corresponding to the first tower, and a second main micro bundle pipe corresponding to the second tower, wherein the first tower comprises a first plurality of towers, wherein each of the first plurality of towers comprises a corresponding dispensing head and a corresponding doser unit, wherein the second tower comprises a second plurality of towers, wherein each of the second plurality of towers comprises a corresponding dispensing head and a corresponding doser unit.
US Referenced Citations (289)
Number Name Date Kind
1351133 Scharwath Aug 1920 A
1408397 Ragsdale Feb 1922 A
2140816 Seitz Dec 1938 A
2598751 Berkowitz et al. Jun 1952 A
2680455 Raiteri Jun 1954 A
2682984 Melikian et al. Jul 1954 A
2811340 Aghnides Oct 1957 A
2880912 Fisher Apr 1959 A
3011681 Kromer Dec 1961 A
3224641 Morgan Dec 1965 A
3323681 Vette et al. Jun 1967 A
3349968 Yuza Oct 1967 A
3556347 Segal et al. Jan 1971 A
3590855 Woollen et al. Jul 1971 A
3777937 Buck Dec 1973 A
3853244 Neumann Dec 1974 A
3991911 Shannon et al. Nov 1976 A
4004715 Williams et al. Jan 1977 A
4011967 Halsey et al. Mar 1977 A
4162028 Reichenberger Jul 1979 A
4202387 Upton May 1980 A
RE30301 Zygiel Jun 1980 E
4211342 Jamgochian et al. Jul 1980 A
4218014 Tracy Aug 1980 A
4265371 Desai et al. May 1981 A
4282987 Thomas et al. Aug 1981 A
4392588 Scalera Jul 1983 A
4433795 Maiefski et al. Feb 1984 A
4437499 Devale Mar 1984 A
4467222 Gross et al. Aug 1984 A
4509690 Austin et al. Apr 1985 A
4517651 Kawasaki et al. May 1985 A
4529009 Horner et al. Jul 1985 A
4694228 Michaelis Sep 1987 A
4736875 King Apr 1988 A
4753370 Rudick Jun 1988 A
4784297 Katz Nov 1988 A
4808346 Strenger Feb 1989 A
4830862 Braun et al. May 1989 A
4835701 Ohiwa et al. May 1989 A
4863068 Smith Sep 1989 A
4881663 Seymour Nov 1989 A
4923092 Kirschner et al. May 1990 A
4940164 Hancock et al. Jul 1990 A
4946701 Tsai et al. Aug 1990 A
4962866 Phillips Oct 1990 A
4979639 Hoover Dec 1990 A
4987083 Apple et al. Jan 1991 A
4992282 Mehansho et al. Feb 1991 A
5009082 Abraham, III Apr 1991 A
5011700 Gustafson et al. Apr 1991 A
5021219 Rudick et al. Jun 1991 A
5027284 Senghaas et al. Jun 1991 A
5033651 Whigham et al. Jul 1991 A
5082143 Schramm, Jr. Jan 1992 A
5108774 Mills et al. Apr 1992 A
5129548 Wisniewski Jul 1992 A
5203474 Haynes Apr 1993 A
5219224 Pratt Jun 1993 A
5269442 Vogel Dec 1993 A
5314091 Credle May 1994 A
5349989 Legallais Sep 1994 A
5353958 Hawkins Oct 1994 A
5368205 Groh Nov 1994 A
5388725 Lichfield Feb 1995 A
5454406 Rejret et al. Oct 1995 A
5473909 Kateman et al. Dec 1995 A
5474791 Zablocki et al. Dec 1995 A
5549219 Lancaster Aug 1996 A
5592867 Walsh et al. Jan 1997 A
5642761 Holbrook Jul 1997 A
5660867 Reynolds et al. Aug 1997 A
5706661 Frank Jan 1998 A
5725125 Bessette et al. Mar 1998 A
5731981 Simard Mar 1998 A
5788449 Riemersma Aug 1998 A
5803320 Cutting et al. Sep 1998 A
5853244 Hoff et al. Dec 1998 A
5870944 Vander Zalm et al. Feb 1999 A
5890626 Wolski et al. Apr 1999 A
5930146 Takenaka Jul 1999 A
5950870 Takenaka Sep 1999 A
5976602 Baron et al. Nov 1999 A
5980969 Mordini et al. Nov 1999 A
5996842 Riley et al. Dec 1999 A
5997924 Olander, Jr. et al. Dec 1999 A
6004610 Wang et al. Dec 1999 A
6039987 Strahl Mar 2000 A
6047859 Schroeder et al. Apr 2000 A
6060092 Oesterwind et al. May 2000 A
6098842 Schroeder et al. Aug 2000 A
6139895 Zablocki et al. Oct 2000 A
6170707 Wolski et al. Jan 2001 B1
6173862 Buca et al. Jan 2001 B1
6186193 Phallen et al. Feb 2001 B1
6202894 Struminski et al. Mar 2001 B1
6234354 Phillips et al. May 2001 B1
6237810 Credle, Jr. May 2001 B1
6253963 Tachibana Jul 2001 B1
6265012 Shamil Jul 2001 B1
6321938 Edwards et al. Nov 2001 B1
6345729 Santy, Jr. Feb 2002 B1
6374845 Melendez et al. Apr 2002 B1
6382470 Hu et al. May 2002 B1
6401598 Tavlarides Jun 2002 B1
6419120 Bertone Jul 2002 B1
6449532 Nicol Sep 2002 B1
6478192 Heyes Nov 2002 B2
6505758 Black Jan 2003 B2
6547100 Phillips et al. Apr 2003 B2
6599546 Palaniappan Jul 2003 B2
6634783 Baron Oct 2003 B2
6637929 Baron Oct 2003 B2
6640650 Matsuzawa et al. Nov 2003 B2
6681031 Cohen et al. Jan 2004 B2
6685059 Jones et al. Feb 2004 B2
6698229 Renken et al. Mar 2004 B2
6723365 Balaban Apr 2004 B2
6723369 Burgess Apr 2004 B2
6726947 Gutwein et al. Apr 2004 B1
6742552 Raniwala Jun 2004 B2
6756069 Scoville et al. Jun 2004 B2
6761036 Teague et al. Jul 2004 B2
6766656 Crisp, III et al. Jul 2004 B1
6814990 Zeng Nov 2004 B2
6827529 Berge et al. Dec 2004 B1
6866877 Clark et al. Mar 2005 B2
6871761 Fox Mar 2005 B2
6877635 Stratton Apr 2005 B2
6901968 Thomson Jun 2005 B2
6907741 Kateman Jun 2005 B2
6952928 Kateman et al. Oct 2005 B2
6981387 Morgan Jan 2006 B1
6983863 Santy, Jr. Jan 2006 B2
6994231 Jones Feb 2006 B2
7032780 Crisp, III Apr 2006 B2
7044336 Bertone May 2006 B2
7070068 Fox Jul 2006 B2
7077290 Bethuy Jul 2006 B2
7108156 Fox Sep 2006 B2
7159743 Brandt et al. Jan 2007 B2
7195394 Singh Mar 2007 B2
7201005 Voglewede et al. Apr 2007 B2
7265673 Teller Sep 2007 B2
7295889 Lahteenmaki Nov 2007 B2
7334706 Schroeder et al. Feb 2008 B2
7337920 Duck et al. Mar 2008 B2
7356381 Crisp, III Apr 2008 B2
7383966 Ziesel Jun 2008 B2
7445133 Ludovissie et al. Nov 2008 B2
7487887 Ziesel Feb 2009 B2
7507430 Stearns et al. Mar 2009 B2
7571835 Hill et al. Aug 2009 B2
7578415 Ziesel et al. Aug 2009 B2
7631788 Litterst et al. Dec 2009 B2
7648050 Ehlers Jan 2010 B1
7661352 Sher et al. Feb 2010 B2
7665632 Ziesel Feb 2010 B2
7698021 Hughes et al. Apr 2010 B2
7726136 Baxter et al. Jun 2010 B2
7757896 Carpenter et al. Jul 2010 B2
7762181 Boland et al. Jul 2010 B2
7789273 Kadyk et al. Sep 2010 B2
7798367 Minard et al. Sep 2010 B2
7799363 Sherwood et al. Sep 2010 B2
D625952 Nevarez et al. Oct 2010 S
7806294 Gatipon et al. Oct 2010 B2
7837071 Achrainer Nov 2010 B2
7866509 Ziesel Jan 2011 B2
7905373 Beavis et al. Mar 2011 B2
7913879 Carpenter et al. Mar 2011 B2
7997448 Leyva Aug 2011 B1
8047402 Ziesel Nov 2011 B2
8074835 MacMichael et al. Dec 2011 B2
8083100 Minard et al. Dec 2011 B2
8091736 Beavis et al. Jan 2012 B2
8091737 Smeller et al. Jan 2012 B2
8181824 Ziesel et al. May 2012 B2
20010017815 Ackermann et al. Aug 2001 A1
20020056721 Phillips et al. May 2002 A1
20020102331 Chang et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020122866 Palaniappan et al. Sep 2002 A1
20030080443 Bosko May 2003 A1
20030101735 Teague et al. Jun 2003 A1
20030173370 Park Sep 2003 A1
20030230597 Naik Dec 2003 A1
20040007594 Esch et al. Jan 2004 A1
20040026451 Jones Feb 2004 A1
20040040983 Ziesel Mar 2004 A1
20040129724 Stratton Jul 2004 A1
20040182250 Halliday et al. Sep 2004 A1
20050029295 Fox Feb 2005 A1
20050072799 Stratton Apr 2005 A1
20050106305 Abraham et al. May 2005 A1
20050166761 Jones et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050166766 Jones et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050178793 Cheng et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050199127 Wimmer et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050230421 Morrow et al. Oct 2005 A1
20050251287 Thornton et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050284885 Kadyk et al. Dec 2005 A1
20060081653 Boland et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060097009 Bethuy et al. May 2006 A1
20060113323 Jones Jun 2006 A1
20060115570 Guerrero et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060115572 Guerrero et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060123994 Greiwe et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060157504 Barker et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060172056 Tobin et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060191964 Ziesel Aug 2006 A1
20060196886 Fox Sep 2006 A1
20060237479 Fox Oct 2006 A1
20060278093 Biderman et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060286262 Stearns et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060289563 Ziesel Dec 2006 A1
20070054026 Grenville et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070131711 Minard et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070131715 Minard et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070205219 Ziesel et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070205220 Rudick et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070205221 Carpenter et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070212468 White et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070218181 Illsley et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070267441 van Opstal et al. Nov 2007 A1
20080020115 Guerrero et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080023099 Schubert et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080029541 Wallace et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080041876 Frank et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080054837 Beavis et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080073376 Gist Mar 2008 A1
20080081088 Lederman et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080144427 Phallen Jun 2008 A1
20080175970 Kobayashi et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080206415 Sherwood et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080206429 Guerrero et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080226770 Lee et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080226773 Lee Sep 2008 A1
20080226797 Lee et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080226798 Talebi et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080271809 Goldman et al. Nov 2008 A1
20080277420 Edwards et al. Nov 2008 A1
20080300714 Hughes et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080314452 Smith Dec 2008 A1
20080314926 Kumar et al. Dec 2008 A1
20090032609 Ziesel Feb 2009 A1
20090069932 Rudick Mar 2009 A1
20090069933 Rudick et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090069934 Newman et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090069949 Carpenter et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090117224 Robergs May 2009 A1
20090120958 Landers et al. May 2009 A1
20090125457 Farhan et al. May 2009 A1
20090159612 Beavis et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090162488 Bell et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090194560 Freeman et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090230149 Smeller et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090235826 Hart Sep 2009 A1
20090250491 Erman et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090277516 Winkler et al. Nov 2009 A1
20090285966 Tso et al. Nov 2009 A1
20090315740 Hildreth et al. Dec 2009 A1
20100005903 Beavis Jan 2010 A1
20100006592 Maas et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100030355 Insolia et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100065587 Erman et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100089948 Ziesel et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100116842 Hecht et al. May 2010 A1
20100133293 Ziesel Jun 2010 A1
20100143581 Eldershaw et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100147875 Santos et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100163572 Downham Jul 2010 A1
20100170918 Achrainer Jul 2010 A1
20100200110 Segiet Aug 2010 A1
20100206902 Engels et al. Aug 2010 A1
20100217685 Melcher et al. Aug 2010 A1
20100237099 Carpenter et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100260914 Seta et al. Oct 2010 A1
20110011490 Rodrigues Jan 2011 A1
20110011888 Beavis et al. Jan 2011 A2
20110045161 Ziesel Feb 2011 A1
20110049180 Carpenter et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110068121 Frei et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110069578 Sirbu Villa Mar 2011 A1
20110073212 Erbs et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110123688 Deo May 2011 A1
20110132923 Miller Jun 2011 A1
20110146497 Sirbu Villa Jun 2011 A1
20110163126 Carpenter et al. Jul 2011 A1
20110204088 Luchinger Aug 2011 A1
Foreign Referenced Citations (24)
Number Date Country
2501127 Oct 2005 CA
2582130 Sep 2007 CA
2662872 Mar 2008 CA
2667383 May 2008 CA
3434174 Mar 1986 DE
4237933 May 1994 DE
19526215 Feb 1996 DE
20 2006 010613 Aug 2007 DE
0958234 Nov 1999 EP
1 627 849 Feb 2006 EP
1626375 Feb 2006 EP
2 314 186 Apr 2011 EP
2091449 Jul 1982 GB
2101088 Jan 1983 GB
2130399 May 1984 GB
2166833 May 1986 GB
2 303 354 Feb 1997 GB
2416757 Feb 2006 GB
2429694 Mar 2007 GB
9902449 Jan 1999 WO
2005111955 Nov 2005 WO
2007056407 May 2007 WO
2008028294 Mar 2008 WO
2008049222 May 2008 WO
Non-Patent Literature Citations (2)
Entry
International Search Report and Written Opinion in related PCT Application No. PCT/US2012/036129, Oct. 25, 2012, pp. 1-21.
International Search Report and Written Opinion from related PCT Application No. PCT/US2012/036116 mailed Nov. 14, 2012.
Related Publications (1)
Number Date Country
20120298693 A1 Nov 2012 US