Patent Application
20190263865
The invention relates to peptide chemistry, pharmacology, and medicine, and specifically to a new group of peptides having the property of stimulating sexual and genital function and having increased storage stability, to their use in obtaining pharmaceutical compositions, and also to the pharmaceutical compositions containing these peptides.
Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) relates to various disorders in sexual function resulting in loss of interest in sexual activity, recurrent inability to achieve or sustain sexual excitement, and inability to reach orgasm after adequate excitation.
Many different methods of treatment have been proposed and employed for the treatment of female sexual dysfunction, with a variable degree of success. These treatment methods either were not completely successful, or their side effects were difficult to tolerate. The most effective drug used in clinical practice is Flibanserin. Nevertheless, there is a need to develop new drugs for the treatment of female sexual dysfunction.
Therapeutic peptides are widely used in medical practice. Pharmaceutical compositions containing such therapeutic peptides need to have a shelf life of several years, in order to be suitable for practical use. However, peptide compositions by their very nature are unstable, due to their susceptibility to chemical and physical degradation. Chemical degradation involves a change in the covalent bonds, such as oxidation, hydrolysis, racemization or cross linking. Physical degradation involves conformational changes with regard to the native structure of the peptide which may lead to aggregation, precipitation or adsorption on surfaces.
It has previously been established that the heptopeptide “Selank” of general formula Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro (SEQ ID NO: 1), a synthetic analogue of the endogenous peptide tuftsin, can be used as a drug for prevention and treatment of genital and sexual dysfunctions (RU2404793).
From the document RU2507212 there is known a group of peptides with the property of stimulating the genital and sexual functions:
A-Thr-Lys-Pro-B-C-D-X (SEQ ID NO: 2),
in which A is 0, Met, Met(0), Thr, Ala, His, Phe, Lys, Gly;
B is 0, Gly, Asp, Trp, Gln, Asn, Tyr, Pro, Arg;
C is 0, Arg, Phe, Tyr, Gly, His, Pro, Lys;
D is 0, Val, Gly, Tyr, Trp, Phe, His;
X is OH, OCH3, NH2; where 0 is the absence of an amino acid residue, provided that
if A≠0, then B and/or C and/or D≠0, if B≠0, then C and/or D≠0, excluding the tetrapeptides, as well as the peptides Phe-Thr-Lys-Pro-Gly (SEQ ID NO: 3), Thr-Lys-Pro-Pro-Arg (SEQ ID NO: 4) and Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Gly (SEQ ID NO: 5).
It has been established that synthesized peptides, especially the tripeptide Thr-Lys-Pro, the pentapeptides Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro (SEQ ID NO: 6), and the hexapeptide Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Phe (SEQ ID NO: 7), corresponding to the general formula A-Thr-Lys-Pro-B-C-D-X (SEQ ID NO: 2), can be recommended as stimulators of genital and sexual function.
All the peptides of the document RU2507212 of general formula A-Thr-Lys-Pro-B-C-D-X (SEQ ID NO: 2) (except for the tetrapeptides, and also the peptides Phe-Thr-Lys-Pro-Gly (SEQ ID NO: 3), Thr-Lys-Pro-Pro-Arg (SEQ ID NO: 4) and Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Gly (SEQ ID NO: 5)), which are recommended as stimulators of the genital and sexual function, have a common feature, namely, the presence in the structure of the peptide molecule of the tripeptide Thr-Lys-Pro. However, the pharmaceutical forms based on all these peptides have an acceptable stability when kept only at temperature up to +10° C., which reduces their commercial potential, and causes inconvenience in the storing, use, distribution and marketing of the drug.
Since the peptides described above have limits on their storage conditions and shelf life, there is a need to reduce these limitations on the storage conditions and to increase the degree of compliance of the drugs (the degree of compliance of the behavior of the patient and the recommendations given by the doctor).
Thus, there exists a need to create new peptides with the property of stimulating the genital and sexual function and having good efficacy and improved stability during storage.
The problem which the present invention solves is the development and creation of new peptides with the property of stimulating the genital and sexual function, having enhanced efficacy and stability during storage, and promising for use in clinical practice.
The technical result to be achieved by this invention is the development and production of new peptides with the property of stimulating the genital and sexual function, having enhanced efficacy and increased stability during storage, which in turn makes it possible to reduce the limitations on the storage conditions of the drugs based on the peptides according to the invention. Furthermore, an additional technical result is a faster speed of onset of the positive (therapeutic) effect due to the action of the peptides according to the invention, as compared to their peptide analogues.
This technical result is achieved by the development and production of compounds of general formula (I):
A-Thr-Lys-Hyp-B-C-D-X (SEQ ID NO: 8) formula (I)
or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts,
in which A is 0, Met, Met(0), Thr, Ala, His, Phe, Lys, Gly;
B is 0, Gly, Asp, Trp, Gln, Asn, Tyr, Hyp, Arg;
C is 0, Arg, Phe, Tyr, Gly, His, Hyp, Lys;
D is 0, Val, Gly, Tyr, Trp, Phe, His;
X is OH, OCH3, NH2;
where 0 is the absence of an amino acid residue, provided that if A≠0, then B and/or C and/or D≠0, if B≠0, then C and/or D≠0, excluding the tetrapeptides, as well as the peptides Phe-Thr-Lys-Hyp-Gly (SEQ ID NO: 9), Thr-Lys-Hyp-Hyp-Arg (SEQ ID NO: 10) and Thr-Lys-Hyp-Arg-Gly (SEQ ID NO: 11).
It has been discovered surprisingly that the presence of hydroxyproline (Hyp) instead of Pro in the peptides according to the invention significantly lowers the level of oxidation and degradation of the peptides, which allows the drugs based on these peptides to be kept at room temperature. Moreover, the use of Hyp instead of Pro in the peptides does not affect their safety. Furthermore, it has been established surprisingly that the use of the peptides according to the invention is able to significantly shorten the course of treatment of the patient because the effect due to the action of these peptides is achieved twice as fast as compared to the peptide analogues described in the document RU2507212.
The present invention also relates to the use of the peptides according to the invention to obtain a pharmaceutical composition characterized by the property of stimulating sexual and genital function for the treatment of female sexual dysfunction.
The invention also includes pharmaceutical compositions having the property of stimulating sexual and genital function for the treatment of female sexual dysfunction, HSDD, F SAD or FSIAD, containing a therapeutically effective quantity of at least one which is the subject matter of the present invention and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. In particular, the excipient may be a vehicle, a preservative, and/or a solvent.
In certain variant embodiments of the invention, the pharmaceutical compositions according to the invention are a liquid pharmaceutical form. In some variant embodiments of the invention, the liquid pharmaceutical form is a solution for intranasal administration. In certain preferred variant embodiments of the invention, the pharmaceutical composition is an aqueous solution including the following components in concentrations, g/l, of
the peptide of general formula (I)—2 to 20;
benzalkonium chloride—0.095 to 0.105.
In certain variant embodiments of the invention, the sexual dysfunction is characterized by decreased libido or a total absence of libido. In certain particular variant embodiments of the invention, the sexual dysfunction is characterized by decreased or absent sexual desire or attraction. In preferred variant embodiments of the invention, the sexual dysfunction is hypolibidemia. In other variant embodiments of the invention, the sexual dysfunction is orgasmic dysfunction.
In certain variant embodiments of the invention, the female sexual dysfunction is sexual aversion and absence of sexual satisfaction, inadequate or absent genital response, vaginism of non-organic origin, dyspareunia of non-organic origin.
The invention also includes other kinds of sexual dysfunction not caused by organic disorders or diseases (somatic or psychological).
Yet another aspect of the invention is a method of administering the compositions according to the invention, characterized in that the composition is given intranasally, and in certain variants the composition is given intranasally in the form of a spray.
The invention also relates to a method of treatment and/or prevention of female sexual dysfunction, involving the administering of a pharmaceutical composition according to the invention to a patient.
The invention also includes the producing of compounds of general formula (I).
For a better understanding of the present invention, several terms used in the present invention are presented below.
Female sexual dysfunction is a disturbance in the course of the sexual responses at the stage of arousal, in the primary phase, the stage of orgasm or release, and painfulness during intercourse. The disorder, including subjective and objective factors, prevents the obtaining of satisfaction. Furthermore, it sometimes leads to infertility or is more or less connected with it.
Libido (from the Latin: “attraction, desire, passion”) means sexual desire or sexual instinct. It is the psychological component of sexual attraction.
Hypolibidemia, anaphrodisia is the absence or loss of sexual attraction. Hypolibidemia is one of the sexual dysfunctions not caused by organic disorders or diseases (code F52.0 of MKB-10).
HSDD is hypoactive sexual desire disorder.
FSAD is female sexual arousal disorder.
FSIAD is female sexual interest/arousal disorder.
Compliance is adherence to the treatment, the degree of correspondence between the patient's behavior and the recommendations given by the doctor.
Met(0) in the present document means methionine sulfoxide.
The possibility of objective manifestation of the technical result when using the invention is confirmed by reliable data presented in the examples, containing information of an experimental nature. It should be understood that these and all the examples presented in the materials of the application are not limiting and are given only as an illustration of the present invention.
The synthesis of the tripeptide Thr-Lys-Hyp is done according to the diagram presented in
The synthesis of the pentapeptide Thr-Lys-Hyp-Arg-Hyp (SEQ ID NO: 12) is done according to the diagram presented in
The synthesis of the hexapeptide Thr-Lys-Hyp-Arg-Hyp-Phe (SEQ ID NO: 13) is done according to the diagram presented in
For the synthesis of the peptides presented in examples 1-3, derivatives of both protected and free L-amino acids are used. The solvents used during the synthesis of the peptides are dehydrated in corresponding manner. The boiling down of the solutions is done on a vacuum evaporator at 40° C. The obtained intermediate compounds and the synthesized peptides are checked with the aid of TLC analysis on plates of silica gel from the Silufol company (Czech Republic). The compounds obtained are detected by spraying the plate with a solution of ninhydrin and (or) o-tolidine. Verification of the homogeneity of the obtained peptides is done with the aid of high-efficiency liquid chromatography (HELC) on a liquid microcolumn chromatograph Millichrom A-02. The structure of the synthesized peptides is characterized with the aid of mass spectrometry on a mass spectrometer from the firm ThermoElectron LCQ Advantage MAX.
The results of the chromatographic and mass spectrometry analysis of the peptides according to the invention, presented in examples 1-3, are shown in table 1. The form of the gradient for separating the synthesized peptides by the HELC method is shown in table 2.
Table 1 presents the data (HELC) obtained on the liquid microcolumn chromatograph Millichrom A-02 and the mass spectrometry characteristics of the synthesized peptides obtained with the aid of the mass spectrometer ThermoElectron LCQ Advantage MAX.
The chromatography conditions that were developed make it possible to easily obtain chromatographically pure products.
Chromatography Conditions for Analysis of the Peptides:
Chromatograph Millichrom A-02
Column: Prontosil 120-5C18aq, 2*75 mm
Eluent A: 0.2M LiClO4+5 mM HClO4
Eluent B: methanol
Flow rate: 150 mcl/min;
Detector wavelength set: 210, 220, 230, 240 nm.
Mass Spectrometry Analysis Conditions:
Instrument: ThermoElectron LCQ Advantage MAX;
Ion source: electrospray; direct feeding to the source of a peptide solution with concentration of 10 mcg/ml in 0.1% acetic acid at a rate of 5 mcl/min;
Fragmenting of the molecular ion at 35 eV by the method of ion collisions (He). Temperature of source 250° C., ionization potential +3.5 kV.
The Method of Therapeutic Use of the Compounds
The subject matter of the present invention also includes the administering to a subject in need of the corresponding treatment of a therapeutically effective quantity of a peptide of the general formula (I).
The term “therapeutically effective quantity” is understood to be that quantity of a peptide which, when administered as a monotherapy or a combined therapy, elicits a therapeutic effect sufficient for the treatment of female sexual dysfunction. When the peptide of the invention is used in combined therapy, the term “therapeutically effective quantity” refers to the combination of the quantity of active ingredients the taking of which leads to the preventive or therapeutic effect when taken in succession or at the same time. The exact quantity required may vary from one subject to another depending on the age and the general condition of the patient, the severity of the illness, the technique of administering the drug, combined treatment with other drugs, and so on.
The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions which contain peptides according to the invention and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, especially a vehicle, a preservative, and/or a solvent, which can be given to the patient along with the peptides constituting the essence of the present invention, and not disturbing the biological activity of said peptide, and being nontoxic when given in doses adequate to deliver the effective quantity of the peptide.
Pharmaceutically Acceptable Peptide Derivatives
The compounds of the present invention may exist in the free form in the course of their processing or, if so required, in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or other derivative. The term “pharmaceutically acceptable salt” used here pertains to those salts which, in the context of a medical evaluation, are suitable for use in contact with human and animal tissues without excessive toxicity, irritation, allergic reaction, and so forth, and which have a reasonable risk/benefit ratio. The salts may be obtained in the course of the synthesis, the separation or the purification of the compounds according to the invention, and they may also be obtained separately, by the reacting of the free acid or the free base of the compound of the invention with a suitable base or acid, respectively. Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable, nontoxic salts of acids are, in particular, the acetate, the hydrochloride, the citrate, and others.
Pharmaceutical Compositions
The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing at least one of the compounds described here (or a prodrug form, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or other pharmaceutically acceptable derivative) and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable vehicles, solvents, and/or fillers. Said compositions may also contain one or more additional therapeutic agents. On the other hand, a compound of the present invention may be given to a patient requiring the corresponding therapy in combination with one or more other therapeutic regimens.
The pharmaceutical compositions proposed in the present invention contain compounds of the present invention together with pharmaceutically acceptable vehicles, which may include any given solvents, diluents, dispersions or suspensions, surfactants, isotonic agents, preservatives, and so forth, suitable for the specific dosage form. Except for such cases where the medium of the usual vehicles is incompatible with the compound of the invention, for example upon appearance of any unwanted biological effects or other unwanted interactions with any other component(s) of the pharmaceutical composition, the use of such compositions is within the scope of the present invention.
Investigations of the Stability of Pharmaceutical Forms Containing Peptides Having the Property of Stimulating the Genital and Sexual Functions
This experiment investigated the stability of compositions containing peptides according to the invention. The results of the investigations are illustrated by the example of several peptides according to the invention containing hydroxyproline, in particular Thr-Lys-Hyp (SEQ ID NO: 12), Thr-Lys-Hyp-Arg-Hyp (SEQ ID NO: 13), Thr-Lys-Hyp-Arg-Hyp-Phe and Thr-Lys-Hyp-Arg-Hyp-Gly-Hyp (SEQ ID NO: 14).
The peptides described in RU2507212 were also obtained, in particular Thr-Lys-Pro, Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro (SEQ ID NO: 6), Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Phe (SEQ ID NO: 7) and Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro (SEQ ID NO: 1).
From the compounds obtained, a liquid pharmaceutical form (a solution) was prepared, including the peptide and the preservative benzalkonium chloride with the following ratio of components: 0.2 and 0.01 mass %, respectively, water the rest. Samples were placed in storage at two temperature regimes, namely, +4° C. and +25° C. Investigation of the stability of the peptides was carried out after 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months of storage. In the investigation of the samples for stability, the quantity of single impurities and the total quantity of impurities were evaluated, testifying to the degradation of the peptides. The pharmaceutical requirements of the company for impurities are: any single impurity, not more than 1.5%; total content of impurities, not more than 3.0%. If the content of impurities exceeded the above indicated values, the pharmaceutical form was deemed to have failed the test for stability. The results of the investigation are presented in table 3.
It emerges from table 3 that the peptides containing hydroxyproline instead of proline were much more successful in passing the test for stability during storage (content of impurities in the samples with peptides containing hydroxyproline is several times less than that in the samples with peptides containing proline), and this at both temperatures. Thus, the peptides containing hydroxyproline are more stable to degradation than their peptide analogues (RU2507212), which makes it possible to keep the finished pharmaceutical forms based on the peptides of the invention at temperature up to +25° C. for at least 24 months.
Investigation of the Efficacy of the Peptides of the Invention as a Means of Stimulating the Genital and Sexual Functions
In order to confirm the efficacy as a means of stimulating the genital and sexual functions, peptides according to the invention were synthesized, in particular the tripeptide Thr-Lys-Hyp, the pentapeptide Thr-Lys-Hyp-Arg-Hyp (SEQ ID NO: 12), and the hexapeptide Thr-Lys-Hyp-Arg-Hyp-Phe (SEQ ID NO: 13), and tests were performed as to the efficacy in vivo on the relevant preclinical model (Lordoz test). Furthermore, the efficacy of the group of peptides Thr-Lys-Pro, Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro (SEQ ID NO: 6), and Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Phe (SEQ ID NO: 7) was also investigated.
The efficacy of the aforementioned groups of peptides was investigated in a dose of 100 mcg/rat with respect to the sexual behavior of female rats. The sexual behavior was registered over the course of 0-16 days in ovarioectomized, hormonally stimulated females in the case of direct contact with sexually active males and in the case when no such contact was possible. It was found that the peptides of the group Thr-Lys-Hyp, Thr-Lys-Hyp-Arg-Hyp (SEQ ID NO: 12), and Thr-Lys-Hyp-Arg-Hyp-Phe (SEQ ID NO: 13) increase the intensity of proceptive behavior of the females from 12±4 to 24±4-36±6 acts during the time of the registration (p=0.028, Wilkinson's criterion). The results testify to an increase in sexual motivation under the action of the peptides Thr-Lys-Hyp, Thr-Lys-Hyp-Arg-Hyp (SEQ ID NO: 12), and Thr-Lys-Hyp-Arg-Hyp-Phe (SEQ ID NO: 13). The results of the test are presented in table 4.
Thr-Lys-Hyp
Thr-Lys-Hyp-Arg-Hyp
Thr-Lys-Hyp-Arg-Hyp-
Phe (SEQ ID NO: 13)
Moreover, if one compares the data obtained in dynamic manner (comparing of the proceptive behavior of the female rats on day 5, 11 and 16 of administering the peptides), It is evident that the effect from the action of the peptides of the invention develops twice as fast as that from the action of the peptides described in RU2507212 (
Thus, the data obtained testify to the fact that the peptides of the invention containing hydroxyproline not only have a greater stability as compared to the peptide analogues from RU2507212, but also have a higher rate of achieving a positive (therapeutic) effect, which in turn makes it possible to shorten the treatment course of the patient by using a pharmaceutical based on the peptides of the invention. Moreover, the effect is specific and is manifested in an adequate behavioral situation.
Even though the invention has been specified with reference to the variant embodiments disclosed, it will be evident to the person skilled in the art that the specific experiments described in detail are given merely for purposes of illustrating the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention in any way. It should be understood that it is possible to make various modifications without departing from the essence of the present invention.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2016112342 | Oct 2016 | RU | national |
This application is a U.S. National Phase application under 35 U.S.C. § 371 of International Patent Application No. PCT/RU2017/050099, filed on Oct. 2, 2017, which claims priority to Russia Patent Application No. RU 2016112342, filed on Oct. 24, 2016, all of which applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/RU2017/050099 | 10/2/2017 | WO | 00 |
