Nucleic acid molecules encoding Haemophilus somnus proteins

TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates generally to the prevention of disease in cattle. More particularly, the present invention relates to subunit vaccines for Haemophilus somnus.
BACKGROUND
Haemophilus somnus is a Gram negative bacterium which causes a number of disease syndromes in animals. The bacterium is commonly associated with thromboembolic meningoencephalitis (ITEME), septicemia, arthritis, and pneumonia (Corbeil, L. B., Can. J. Vet. Res. (1990) 54:S57-S62; Harris, F. W., and Janzen, E. D., Can. Vet. J. (1990) 30:816-822; Humphrey, J. D., and Stephens, L. R., Vet. Bull. (1983) 53:987-1004). These diseases can cause significant economic losses to the farm industry.
Currently available vaccines are either based on killed whole cells or on a protein fraction enriched in outer membrane proteins (OMPs). However, whole cell bacterins and surface protein extracts often contain immunosuppressive components which can render animals more susceptible to infection. Furthermore, the OMP enriched vaccine has only been shown to offer significant protection against H. somnus induced disease in an experimental challenge model (Harland, R. J., et al., Res. Work. Anim. Dis. 71st (1990) 29:6).
The outer membrane of H. somnus includes a 40 kDa protein (as determined by SDS-PAGE) which reacts with convalescent serum (Corbeil, L. B., et al., infect. Immun. (1987) 55:1381-1386; Goglolewski, R. P., et al., Infect. Immun. (1988) 56:2307-2316). Additionally, antibodies directed against a 40 kDa OMP have been shown to prevent infection in vitro in a neutralization experiment (Gogolewski et al., supra) and a seroreactive protein of 40 kDa is present in all H. somnus isolates that have been tested (Corbeil et al., 1987).
A 39 kDa OMP, antigenically distinct from the 40 kDa OMP described above, has also been identified. This protein reacts with convalescent-phase serum and is conserved among all H. somnus isolates tested.
An increasing number of bacterial antigens have now been identified as lipoproteins (Anderson, B. E., et al., J. Bacteriol. (1988) 170:4493-4500; Bricker, T. M., et al., Infect. Immun. (1988) 56:295-301; Hanson, M. S., and Hansen, E. J., Mol. Microbiol. (1991) 5:267-278; Hubbard, C. L., et al., Infect. Immun. (1991) 59:1521-1528; Nelson, M. B., et al., Infect. Immun. (1988) 56:128-134; Thirkell, D., et al., Infect. Immun. (1991) 59:781-784). These lipoproteins are generally localized in the envelope of the cell and are therefore exposed to the host's immune system. It has been shown that the murein lipoprotein from the outer membrane of Escherichia coli acts as a potent activator of murine lymphocytes, inducing both proliferation and immunoglobulin secretion (Bessler, W., et al. Z. Immun. (1977) 153:11-22; Melchers, F., et al. J. Exp. Med. (1975 142:473-482). The active lipoprotein portion of the protein has been shown to reside in the N-terminal fatty acid containing region of the protein. Recent studies using synthetic lipopeptides based on this protein show that even short peptides, containing two to five amino acids covalently linked to palmitate, are able to activate murine lymphocytes (Bessler, W. G., et al. J. Immunol. (1985) 135:1900-1905).
To date, only one such lipoprotein from H. somnus has been positively identified. This protein, termed "LppA", is an OMP with an apparent molecular mass of 40 kDa, as determined by gel electrophoresis. The nucleotide sequence for LppA has been determined (Theisen, M., et al., Infect. Immun. (1992) 60:826-831). However, the protective capability of this protein has not previously been studied.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is based on the characterization of certain H. somnus lipoproteins, termed LppA, LppB and LppC herein, and the recombinant production thereof. These proteins, or antigenic fragments thereof, can be used either alone or in combination in novel subunit vaccines to provide protection from H. somnus infection in vertebrate subjects.
Accordingly, in one embodiment, the subject invention is directed to a purified, immunogenic H. somnus protein selected from the group consisting of LppA, LppB, LppC and immunogenic fragments of LppA, LppB and LppC.
In another embodiment, the instant invention is directed to an isolated nucleotide sequence encoding an immunogenic H. somnus protein wherein the protein is selected from the group consisting of LppA, LppB, LppC and immunogenic fragments of LppA, LppB and LppC.
In yet another embodiment, the subject invention is directed to a recombinant vector comprising:
(a) a nucleotide sequence encoding a polypeptide containing at least one epitope of an Haemophilus somnus lipoprotein; and
(b) control sequences that are operably linked to said nucleotide sequence whereby the nucleotide sequence can be transcribed and translated in a host cell, and at least one of the control sequences is heterologous to the nucleotide sequence.
In still further embodiments, the instant invention is directed to host cells transformed with these vectors and methods of recombinantly producing the H. somnus lipoproteins.
In another embodiment, the subject invention is directed to a vaccine composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle and at least one H. somnus lipoprotein.
In yet another embodiment, the present invention is directed to a method of treating or preventing H. somnus infection in a vertebrate subject comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the above vaccine composition. These and other embodiments of the present invention will readily occur to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the disclosure herein.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
FIGS. 1A through 1B (SEQ ID NOS:1-2) depicts the nucleotide sequence and deduced amino acid sequence of the H. somnus lppA region. The sequence of the antisense strand is shown with numbering starting from the 5'-end Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence. The transcriptional start of the lppA gene is indicated by 1.
FIG. 2 shows the structure and properties of plasmids described in Example 1. The top line shows a partial restriction map of plasmid pMS22 with relevant sites shown. The arrow indicates the location and direction of transcription of the lppA gene. The shaded bars beneath the arrow illustrate the DNA cloned in each of the indicated plasmids. Plasmid names indicated with a slash denote fragments cloned in both orientations. The lower two sets of lines show the DNA remaining in the deletion plasmids used for determining the nucleotide sequence of the lppA gene. The far right column indicates the ability of the various plasmids to direct the synthesis of LppA in JM105.
FIGS. 3A through 3B (SEQ ID NOS:3-4) shows the nucleotide sequence and deduced amino acid sequence of the gene encoding H. somnus LppB. The preprotein is encoded by nucleotide positions 872 through 1708 (amino acid residues 1 through 279). The mature protein is encoded by nucleotide positions 920 through 1708 (amino acid-residues 17 through 279).
FIGS. 4A through 4C (SEQ ID NOS:5-6) depicts the nucleotide sequence and predicted amino acid sequence of the gene encoding H. somnus LppC. The preprotein spans nucleotide positions 108 through 1850 (amino acid residues 1 through 581), with the spanning positions 171 through 1850 (amino acids 22 through 581).
FIGS. 5A through 5I (SEQ ID NOS:7-9) depicts the nucleotide sequence and predicted amino acid sequence contained in plasmid pCRR28. The sequence includes the lktA gene from P. haemolytica fused with the lppB gene.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The practice of the present invention will employ, unless otherwise indicated, conventional techniques of molecular biology, microbiology, virology, recombinant DNA technology, and immunology, which are within the skill of the art. Such techniques are explained fully in the literature. See, e.g., Sambrook, Fritsch & Maniatis, Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Second Edition (1989); DNA Cloning, Vols. I and II (D. N. Glover ed. 1985); Oligonucleotide synthesis (M. J. Gait ed. 1984); Nucleic Acid Hybridization (B. D. Hames & S. J. Higgins eds. 1984); Animal Cell Culture (R. K. Freshney ed. 1986); Immobilized Cells and Enzymes (IRL press, 1986); Perbal, B., A Practical Guide to Molecular Cloning (1984); the series, Methods In Enzymology (S. Colowick and N. Kaplan eds., Academic Press, Inc.); and Handbook of Experimental Immunology, Vols. I-IV (D. M. Weir and C. C. Blackwell eds., 1986, Blackwell Scientific Publications).
All patents, patent applications and publications cited herein, whether supra or infra, are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
A. Definitions
In describing the present invention, the following terms will be employed, and are intended to be defined as indicated below.
An "antigen" refers to a molecule containing one or more epitopes that will stimulate a host's immune system to make a humoral and/or cellular antigen-specific response. The term is also used interchangeably with "immunogen."
An "isolated" protein sequence is a protein sequence which is separate and discrete from a whole organism (live or killed) with which the protein or nucleotide sequence is normally associated in nature. Thus, a protein contained in a cell free extract would constitute an "isolated" protein, as would a protein synthetically or recombinantly produced. An "isolated" nucleotide sequence is a nucleotide sequence separate and discrete from the whole organism with which the sequence is found in nature; or a sequence devoid, in whole or part, of sequences normally associated with it in nature; or a sequence, as it exists in nature, but having heterologous sequences (as defined below) in association therewith.
The term "subunit antigen," like purified protein, refers to an antigen entity separate and discrete from a whole organism (live or killed) with which the antigen is associated in nature and is not meant to denote the method by which the antigen is obtained.
A "hapten" is a molecule containing one or more epitopes that does not stimulate a host's immune system to make a humoral or cellular response unless linked to a carrier.
The term "epitope" refers to the site on an antigen or hapten to which specific B cells and T cells respond. The term is also used interchangeably with "antigenic determinant" or "antigenic determinant site."
An "immunological response" to a composition or vaccine is the development in the host of a cellular and/or antibody-mediated immune response to the composition or vaccine of interest. Usually, such a response includes but is not limited to one or more of the following effects; the production of antibodies, B cells, helper T cells, suppressor T cells, and/or cytotoxic T cells and/or .gamma..delta. T cells, directed specifically to an antigen or antigens included in the composition or vaccine of interest.
The terms "immunogenic" protein or polypeptide refers to an amino acid sequence which elicits an immunological response as described above. An "immunogenic" protein or polypeptide, as used herein, includes the full length (or near full length) sequence of the desired H. somnus protein or an immunogenic fragment thereof. By "immunogenic fragment" is meant a fragment of a polypeptide which includes one or more epitopes and thus elicits the immunological response described above. Such fragments can be identified by, e.g., concurrently synthesizing large numbers of peptides on solid supports, the peptides corresponding to portions of the haemin-binding protein molecule, and reacting the peptides with antibodies while the peptides are still attached to the supports. Such techniques are known in the art and described in, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 4,708,871; Geysen, H. M. et al. (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81:3998-4002; Geysen, H. M. et al. (1986) Molec. Immunol. 23:709-715, all incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. Such fragments will usually be at least about 2 amino acids in length, more preferably about 5 amino acids in length, and most preferably at least about 10 to 15 amino acids in length. There is no critical upper limit to the length of the fragment, which could comprise nearly the full length of the protein sequence, or even a fusion protein comprising fragments of two or more of the H. somnus antigens or one or more of the H. somnus antigens fused to, i.e., a bacterial, fungal, viral or protozoal antigen.
By "vertebrate subject" is meant any member of the subphylum chordata, including, without limitation, mammals such as cattle, sheep, pigs, goats, horses, and man; domestic animals such as dogs and cats; and birds, including domestic, wild and game birds such as cocks and hens including chickens, turkeys and other gallinaceous birds. The term does not denote a particular age. Thus, both adult and newborn animals are intended to be covered.
The term "polypeptide" is used in its broadest sense, i.e., any polymer of amino acids (dipeptide or greater) linked through peptide bonds. Thus, the term "polypeptide" includes proteins, oligopeptides, protein fragments, analogs, muteins, fusion proteins and the like.
"Recombinant" polypeptides refer to polypeptides produced by recombinant DNA techniques; i.e., produced from cells transformed by an exogenous DNA construct encoding the desired polypeptide. "Synthetic" polypeptides are those prepared by chemical synthesis.
A "replicon" is any genetic element (e.g., plasmid, chromosome, virus) that functions as an autonomous unit of DNA replication in vitro and in vivo; i.e., capable of replication under its own control.
A "vector" is a replicon, such as a plasmid, phage, or cosmid, to which another DNA segment may be attached so as to bring about the replication of the attached segment.
A DNA "coding sequence" or a "nucleotide sequence encoding" a particular protein, is a DNA sequence which is transcribed and translated into a polypeptide in vitro or in vivo when placed under the control of appropriate regulatory sequences. The boundaries of the coding sequence are determined by a start codon at the 5' (amino) terminus and a translation stop codon at the 3' (carboxy) terminus. A coding sequence can include, but is not limited to, procaryotic sequences, cDNA from eucaryotic mRNA, genomic DNA sequences from eucaryotic (e.g., mammalian) DNA, and even synthetic DNA sequences. A transcription termination sequence will usually be located 3' to the coding sequence.
DNA "control sequences" refers collectively to promoter sequences, ribosome binding sites, polyadenylation signals, transcription termination sequences, upstream regulatory domains, enhancers, and the like, which collectively provide for the transcription and translation of a coding sequence in a host cell. Not all of these control sequences need always be present in a recombinant vector so long as the desired gene is capable of being transcribed and translated.
"Operably linked" refers to an arrangement of elements wherein the components so described are configured so as to perform their usual function. Thus, control sequences operably linked to a coding sequence are capable of effecting the expression of the coding sequence. The control sequences need not be contiguous with the coding sequence, so long as they function to direct the expression thereof. Thus, for example, intervening untranslated yet transcribed sequences can be present between a promoter sequence and the coding sequence and the promoter sequence can still be considered "operably linked" to the coding sequence. Similarly, a coding sequence is "operably linked to" another coding sequence (i.e., in the case of a chimeric protein) when RNA polymerase will transcribe the two coding sequences into mRNA, which is then translated into the polypeptides encoded by the two coding sequences. The coding sequences need not be contiguous to one another so long as the transcribed sequence is ultimately processed to produce the desired protein.
A control sequence "directs the transcription" of a coding sequence in a cell when RNA polymerase will bind the promoter sequence and transcribe the coding sequence into mRNA, which is then translated into the polypeptide encoded by the coding sequence.
A "host cell" is a cell which has been transformed, or is capable of transformation, by an exogenous DNA sequence.
A cell has been "transformed" by exogenous DNA when such exogenous DNA has been introduced inside the cell membrane. Exogenous DNA may or may not be integrated (covalently linked) into chromosomal DNA making up the genome of the cell. In procaryotes and yeasts, for example, the exogenous DNA may be maintained on an episomal element, such as a plasmid. With respect to eucaryotic cells, a stably transformed cell is one in which the exogenous DNA has become integrated into the chromosome so that it is inherited by daughter cells through chromosome replication. This stability is demonstrated by the ability of the eucaryotic cell to establish cell lines or clones comprised of a population of daughter cell containing the exogenous DNA.
A "clone" is a population of cells derived from a single cell or common ancestor by mitosis. A "cell line" is a clone of a primary cell that is capable of stable growth in vitro for many generations.
Two DNA or polypeptide sequences are "substantially homologous" when at least about 80% (preferably at least about 90%, and most preferably at least about 95%) of the nucleotides or amino acids match over a defined length of the molecule. As used herein, substantially homologous also refers to sequences showing identity to the specified DNA or polypeptide sequence. DNA sequences that are substantially homologous can be identified in a Southern hybridization experiment under, for example, stringent conditions, as defined for that particular system. Defining appropriate hybridization conditions is within the skill of the art. See, e.g., Sambrook et al., supra; DNA Cloning, vols I & II, supra; Nucleic Acid Hybridization, supra.
The term "functionally equivalent" intends that the amino acid sequence of the subject peptide is one that will elicit an immunological response, as defined above, equivalent to the response elicited by an LppA, LppB or LppC antigenic peptide having identity with either the entire coding sequence for the various proteins depicted in the figures, or an immunogenic portion thereof.
A "heterologous" region of a DNA construct is an identifiable segment of DNA within or attached to another DNA molecule that is not found in association with the other molecule in nature. Thus, when the heterologous region encodes a bacterial gene, the gene will usually be flanked by DNA that does not flank the bacterial gene in the genome of the source bacteria. Another example of the heterologous coding sequence is a construct where the coding sequence itself is not found in nature (e.g., synthetic sequences having codons different from the native gene). Allelic variation or naturally occurring mutational events do not give rise to a heterologous region of DNA, as used herein.
The term "treatment" as used herein refers to either (i) the prevention of infection or reinfection (prophylaxis), or (ii) the reduction or elimination of symptoms of the disease of interest (therapy).
B. General Methods
Central to the present invention is the discovery of certain H. somnus lipoproteins able to elicit an immune response in an animal to which they are administered. Specifically, the genes for three antigenic H. somnus lipoproteins, LppA, LppB and LppC, have been cloned and the proteins characterized. The proteins, immunogenic fragments thereof or chimeric proteins comprising the same, are provided in subunit vaccine compositions and thus problems inherent in prior vaccine compositions, such as localized and systemic side reactions, as well as immunosuppressive effects, are avoided.
The vaccine compositions can be used to treat or prevent a wide variety of H. somnus infections in animals. Such infections include thromboembolic meningoencephalitis (ITEME), septicemia, arthritis, and pneumonia (Corbelll, L. B., Can. J. Vet. Res. (1990) 54:S57-S62; Harris, F. W., and Janzen, E. D., Can. Vet. J. (1990) 30:816-822; Humphrey, J. D., and Stephens, L. R., Vet. Bull. (1983) 53:987-1004), as well as myocarditis, pericarditis, spontaneous abortion, infertility and mastitis. Other bacterial, viral, fungal and/or protozoal antigens can also be included in the vaccine compositions, such as the P. haemolytica leukotoxin described further below. Thus, the compositions will also serve to prevent diseases caused by these organisms, i.e., respiratory diseases caused by P. haemolytica, symptoms of shipping fever and bovine respiratory disease in feedlot cattle, among others.
In addition to use in vaccine compositions, the proteins or antibodies thereto can be used as diagnostic reagents to detect the presence of H. somnus infection in a subject. Similarly, the genes encoding the proteins can be cloned and used to design probes for the detection of H. somnus in tissue samples as well as for the detection of homologous genes in other bacterial strains.
The proteins of the present invention are polypeptides from at least one of the H. somnus lipoproteins LppA, LppB, or LppC. These lipoproteins have DNA and amino acid sequences corresponding to those depicted in the figures. However, it is to be understood that modifications, such as deletions, additions and substitutions (generally conservative in nature), to the sequences may be made, as long as activity is not destroyed and such modifications are specifically encompassed by the terms LppA, LppB and LppC, as used herein. Furthermore, the terms denote both the precursor and mature forms of the lipoproteins.
While it is preferred to use subunit lipoproteins containing the full-length (or near full-length) sequence of the selected H. somnus lipoprotein, shorter sequences encoding one or more epitopes can also be employed. Accordingly, the terms LppA, LppB and LppC also encompass polypeptides including such epitopes. Epitopes can be identified and tested for immunogenicity using standard techniques such as described in, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 4,708,871; Geysen, H. M. et al. (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81:3998-4002; Geysen, H. M. et al. (1986) Molec. Immunol. 23:709-715, all incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. Studies with other bacterial lipoproteins have shown that the portion of the molecule responsible for biological activity resides in the N-terminal fatty acid containing region. Short peptides, including two to five amino acids covalently linked to palmitate, have been shown to possess biological activity (Bessler, W. G., et al. J. Immunol. (1985) 135:1900-1905). Accordingly, active proteins, having at least about 2 amino acids, more preferably 2 to 5 amino acids, and most preferably at least about 10 to 15 amino acids, will find use in the subject vaccine compositions. There is no critical upper limit to the length of the subunit antigen, which could comprise the entire lipoprotein sequence, or even a fusion protein comprising the full or partial sequences of two or more of the lipoproteins or other bacterial, viral, fungal or protozoal antigens.
Additionally, the lipoproteins (or fragments thereof) of the present invention can occur in neutral form or in the form of basic or acid addition salts depending on the mode of preparation. Such acid addition salts may involve free amino groups and basic salts may be formed with free carboxyls. Pharmaceutically acceptable basic and acid addition salts are discussed further below. In addition, the protein may be modified by combination with other biological materials such as lipids (either those normally associated with the lipoprotein or other lipids that do not destroy activity) and saccharides, or by side chain modification, such as acetylation of amino groups, phosphorylation of hydroxyl side chains, oxidation of sulfhydryl groups, glycosylation of amino acid residues, as well as other modifications of the encoded primary sequence. Thus, included within the definition of lipoproteins herein are glycosylated and unglycosylated forms, the amino acid sequences with or without associated lipids, and amino acid sequences substantially homologous to the native sequences which retain the ability to elicit an immune response.
As explained above, the proteins of the present invention are normally found in association with lipid moieties. It is likely that the fatty acid moiety present is a palmitic acid derivative. The antigens of the present invention, even though carrying epitopes derived from lipoproteins, do not require the presence of the lipid moiety. Furthermore, if the lipid is present, it need not be a lipid commonly associated with the lipoprotein, so long as the appropriate immunologic response is elicited. In any event, suitable fatty acids, such as but not limited to, palmitic acid or palmitic acid analogs, can be conveniently added to the desired amino acid sequence during synthesis, using standard techniques. For example, palmitoyl bound to S-glyceryl-L-Cys (Pam.sub.3 -Cys) is commercially available (e.g. through Boehringer Mannheim, Dorval, Quebec) and can easily be incorporated into an amino acid sequence during synthesis. See, e.g. Deres, K., et al. Nature (1989) 342:561. This is a particularly convenient method for production when relatively short amino acid sequences are used. Similarly, recombinant systems can be used which will process the expressed proteins by adding suitable fatty acids. Representative systems for recombinant production are discussed further below.
In the vaccines of the present invention, it will sometimes be preferable to have more than one epitope in the subunit antigen(s). Furthermore, it may also be desirable to include epitopes from more than one lipoprotein in the subunit antigen(s). In its simplest form, this can be achieved by employing a polypeptide encoding the complete sequence of a lipoprotein (usually encompassing more than one epitope), or by employing a combination of polypeptides encoding the sequences of two or all three of the described lipoproteins. Thus, the vaccine compositions could comprise, for example, LppA, a combination of LppA and LppB (LppA/LppB), a combination of LppA and LppC (LppA/LppC), a combination of LppB and LppC (LppB/LppC), or a combination of all three lipoproteins (LppA/LppB/LppC).
Each of the LppA, LppB and LppC antigens will be described in more detail below.
LppA
LppA appears to correspond to the major H. somnus 40 kDa OMP. The gene encoding LppA, lppA, has been cloned and the nucleotide sequence determined. LppA is specified by a single transcript approximately 1300 nucleotides in length. The start point is located at position 757 of FIGS. 1A through 1B (SEQ ID NOS:1-2), suggesting that transcription terminates beyond the 3'-end of the cloned DNA. One open reading frame (ORF) is present, starting at an ATG codon at position 791 and running through position 1531 of FIG. 1 (amino acid residues 1 through 247). This region appears to encode the preprotein.
The calculated molecular weight based on the sequence is 27,072. This reading frame has been confirmed by sequencing the fusion joint of two independent lppA::TnphoA gene fusions. Thus, although the predicted molecular weight is less than expected, the ORF indeed encodes the LppA protein. The anomalous molecular weight is likely due to the lipid nature of the molecule. The region downstream of the lppA gene does not contain ORFs of any significant length. Also, the LppA protein is the only polypeptide specified by the H. somnus insert in E. coli minicells. Therefore, it is likely that lppA is transcribed as a single cistron.
No significant homology between the complete LppA amino acid sequence and sequences compiled in Genbank have been found.
LppA appears to include a signal sequence. The 21 N-terminal amino acids show strong sequence homology to the signal peptide of other secreted proteins, and the sequence, Leu-Leu-Ala-Ala-Cys, at the putative cleavage site, is identical to the consensus cleavage sequence of lipoproteins from Gram-negative bacteria. Thus the mature protein spans positions 854 through 1531 (amino acid residues 22 through 247), inclusive, of FIGS. 1A through 1B (SEQ ID NOS:1-2). The ORF thus encodes a preprotein having 247 amino acid residues and a mature polypeptide having 226 amino acid residues.
The presence of the lipid moiety on the protein was shown by incorporation of radioactive palmitic acid into the natural H. somnus protein. Palmitic acid was also incorporated into the protein when it was recombinantly produced in E. coli. Synthesis of the mature LppA lipoprotein was inhibited by globomycin, showing that cleavage of the signal peptide is mediated by signal peptidase II in both organisms. Using site-directed mutagenesis, the Cys residue at the cleavage site was changed to glycine. Radiolabeled palmitate was not incorporated into the mutated protein, showing that lipid modification occurs at the Cys-22 residue.
LppB
A second lipoprotein, LppB, has been cloned and studied. The gene, lppB, also encodes a 40 kDa H. somnus outer membrane lipoprotein. This lipoprotein is antigenically distinct from LppA and plasmids harboring the lppB gene do not hybridize to plasmids encoding LppA. Lipid moieties on the molecule were detected as described above.
FIGS. 3A through 3B (SEQ ID NOS:3-4) depicts a chromosomal fragment which includes lppB. The ORF encoding LppB begins at position 872 and ends with the TAA codon at position 1709. A putative ribosome binding site, GGAG, is located upstream and a seven base pair A/T rich spacer precedes the ATG start codon. The lppB gene encodes a preprotein having 279 amino acids. The first 16 amino acids of LppB appear to specify a signal sequence. Amino acid residues 1 to 13 are followed by a lipoprotein box, Leu-Ala-Ala-Cys. This region strongly resembles signal peptides of other procaryotic lipoproteins, including LppA described above. The mature lipoprotein spans positions 920 through 1708 (amino acid residues 17 through 279) of FIGS. 3A through 3B (SEQ ID NOS:3-4). The calculated molecular mass of LppB is 31307 Daltons. Again, the discrepancy in size is probably due to the lipid nature of the protein.
LppB was shown to bind both Congo red and hemin on agar plates. LppA, on the other hand, binds neither of these proteins. It is known that some pathogenic bacteria can adsorb the aromatic dye Congo red and that this ability is strongly correlated with virulence (Daskaleros & Payne Infect. Immun. (1985) 48:165-168; Maurelli et al. Infect. Immun. (1984) 43:397-401). The molecular basis for this adsorption is unclear, although in E. coli and S. flexneri, Congo red binding has been associated with the presence of a large virulence plasmid (Maurelli et al. 1984). It has also been suggested that the ability of certain species to bind Congo red is related to their ability to sequester iron and that Congo red binding and hemin adsorption is correlated (Prpic et al. 1983). The ability of LppB to bind Congo red and hemin can be used as a selection technique in recombinant production.
LppC
The gene encoding a third H. somnus lipoprotein, LppC, has also been cloned. LppC is a 60 kDa lipoprotein, as determined by gel electrophoresis. The nucleotide sequence and predicted amino acid sequence of LppC is shown in FIGS. 4A through 4C (SEQ ID NOS:5-6). An ORF beginning at position 108 and ending at position 1850 codes for a protein with a calculated molecular weight of 63,336 Daltons. As with LppA and LppB, the preprotein includes a typical procaryotic signal sequence. The signal sequence includes the first 21 amino acids and thus the DNA coding for the mature protein begins at nucleotide position 171.
The lipid nature of this protein was confirmed as with LppA and LppB. Like LppB, LppC is able to bind both Congo red and hemin.
Production of the Lipoproteins
The above described antigens can be produced by a variety of methods. Specifically, the antigens can be isolated directly from H. somnus from outer membrane preparations, using standard purification techniques. See, e.g. Theisen, M. and Potter, A. Infect. Immun. (1992), in press. Alternatively, the antigens can be recombinantly produced as described herein. The proteins can also be synthesized, based on the described amino acid sequences, using techniques well known in the art.
For example, the proteins can be isolated from bacteria which express the same. This is generally accomplished by first preparing a crude extract which lacks cellular components and several extraneous proteins. The desired antigens can then be further purified i.e. by column chromatography, HPLC, immunoadsorbent techniques or other conventional methods well known in the art.
The proteins of the present invention can be conveniently produced as recombinant polypeptides. As explained above, these recombinant products can take the form of partial Lpp protein sequences, full-length sequences, or even fusion proteins (e.g., with an appropriate leader for the recombinant host, or with another subunit antigen sequence for H. somnus or another pathogen). In particular, chimeric proteins comprising a LppB, fused to the P. haemolytica leukotoxin gene, have been constructed and the sequence depicted in FIG. 5. The chimera in FIGS. 5A through 5I (SEQ ID NOS:7-9) includes a gene coding for LppB, fused to a truncated leukotoxin molecule, encoded by the lktA gene of P. haemolytica (available from ATCC Accession No. 68283). Such chimeric proteins can be produced using recombinant techniques described herein and, e.g., in U.S. Pat. No. 4,366,246; Hughes, H. P. A. et al. (1992) Infect. Immun. 60:565-570; PCT Publication No. WO 88/00971 (published Feb. 11, 1988); and allowed U.S. patent application Ser. No. 07/571,301.
Genes encoding the subject proteins can be identified by constructing gene libraries, using the resulting clones to transform E. coli and pooling and screening individual colonies using polyclonal serum or monoclonal antibodies to the desired antigen.
Alternatively, once the amino acid sequences of the subject proteins are determined, oligonucleotide probes which contain the codons for a portion of the determined amino acid sequences can be prepared and used to screen DNA libraries for genes encoding the subject proteins. The basic strategies for preparing oligonucleotide probes and DNA libraries, as well as their screening by nucleic acid hybridization, are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. See, e.g., DNA Cloning: Vol. I, supra; Nucleic Acid Hybridization, supra; Oligonucleotide Synthesis, supra; T. Maniatis et al., supra. Once a clone from the screened library has been identified by positive hybridization, it can be confirmed by restriction enzyme analysis and DNA sequencing that the particular library insert contains a gene for the desired protein.
Alternatively, DNA sequences encoding the proteins of interest can be prepared synthetically rather than cloned. The DNA sequence can be designed with the appropriate codons for the particular amino acid sequence. In general, one will select preferred codons for the intended host if the sequence will be used for expression. The complete sequence is assembled from overlapping oligonucleotides prepared by standard methods and assembled into a complete coding sequence. See, e.g., Edge (1981) Nature 292:756; Nambair et al. (1984) Science 223:1299; Jay et al. (1984) J. Biol. Chem. 259:6311.
Once coding sequences for the desired proteins have been prepared or isolated, they can be cloned into any suitable vector or replicon. Numerous cloning vectors are known to those of skill in the art, and the selection of an appropriate cloning vector is a matter of choice. Examples of recombinant DNA vectors for cloning and host cells which they can transform include the bacteriophage .lambda. (E. coli), pBR322 (E. coli), pACYC177 (E. coli), pKT230 (gram-negative bacteria), pGV1106 (gram-negative bacteria), pLAFR1 (gram-negative bacteria), pME290 (non-E. coli gram-negative bacteria), pHV14 (E. coli and Bacillus subtilis), pBD9 (Bacillus), pIJ61 (Streptomyces), pUC6 (Streptoihyces), YIp5(Saccharomyces), YCp19 (Saccharomyces) and bovine papilloma virus (mammalian cells). See, generally, DNA Cloning: Vols. I & II, supra; T. Maniatis et al., supra; B. Perbal, supra.
The gene can be placed under the control of a promoter, ribosome binding site (for bacterial expression) and, optionally, an operator (collectively referred to herein as "control" elements), so that the DNA sequence encoding the desired protein is transcribed into RNA in the host cell transformed by a vector containing this expression construction. The coding sequence may or may not contain a signal peptide or leader sequence. As explained above, the lipoproteins of the instant invention include signal sequences. Thus the lipoprotein genes can be expressed with the native signal sequences. Alternatively, heterologous signal sequences can be used. The subunit antigens of the present invention can be expressed using, for example, the E. coli tac promoter or the protein A gene (spa) promoter and signal sequence. Leader sequences can be removed by the bacterial host in post-translational processing. See, e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,431,739; 4,425,437; 4,338,397.
Other regulatory sequences may also be desirable, which allow for regulation of the expression of the protein sequences relative to the growth of the host cell. Regulatory sequences are known to those of skill in the art, and examples include those which cause the expression of a gene to be turned on or off in response to a chemical or physical stimulus, including the presence of a regulatory compound. other types of regulatory elements may also be present in the vector, for example, enhancer sequences.
The control sequences and other regulatory sequences may be ligated to the coding sequence prior to insertion into a vector, such as the cloning vectors described above. Alternatively, the coding sequence can be cloned directly into an expression vector which already contains the control sequences and an appropriate restriction site.
In some cases it may be necessary to modify the coding sequence so that it may be attached to the control sequences with the appropriate orientation; i.e., to maintain the proper reading frame. It may also be desirable to produce mutants or analogs of the Lpp protein of interest. Mutants or analogs may be prepared by the deletion of a portion of the sequence encoding the protein, by insertion of a sequence, and/or by substitution of one or more nucleotides within the sequence. Techniques for modifying nucleotide sequences, such as site-directed mutagenesis, are described in, e.g., Sambrook et al., supra; DNA Cloning, Vols. I and II, supra; Nucleic Acid Hybridization, supra.
The expression vector is then used to transform an appropriate host cell. A number of mammalian cell lines are known in the art and include immortalized cell lines available from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), such as, but not limited to, Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, HeLa cells, baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells, monkey kidney cells (COS), human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (e.g., Hep G2), Madin-Darby bovine kidney ("MDBK") cells, as well as others. Similarly, bacterial hosts such as E. coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Streptococcus spp., will find use with the present expression constructs. Yeast hosts useful in the present invention include inter alia, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida albicans, Candida maltosa, Hansenula polymorpha, Kluyveromyces fragilis, Kluyveromyces lactis, Pichia guillerimondii, Pichia pastoris, Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Yarrowia lipolytica. Insect cells for use with baculovirus expression vectors include, inter alia, Aedes aegypti, Autographa californica, Bombyx mori, Drosophila melanogaster, Spodoptera frugiperda, and Trichoplusia ni.
Depending on the expression system and host selected, the proteins of the present invention are produced by growing host cells transformed by an expression vector described above under conditions whereby the protein of interest is expressed. The protein is then isolated from the host cells and purified. If the expression system secretes the protein into growth media, the protein can be purified directly from the media. If the protein is not secreted, it is isolated from cell lysates. The selection of the appropriate growth conditions and recovery methods are within the skill of the art.
The proteins of the present invention may also be produced by chemical synthesis such as solid phase peptide synthesis, using known amino acid sequences or amino acid sequences derived from the DNA sequence of the genes of interest. Such methods are known to those skilled in the art. Chemical synthesis of peptides may be preferable if a small fragment of the antigen in question is capable of raising an immunological response in the subject of interest.
The proteins of the present invention or their fragments can be used to produce antibodies, both polyclonal and monoclonal. If polyclonal antibodies are desired, a selected mammal, (e.g., mouse, rabbit, goat, horse, etc.) is immunized with an antigen of the present invention, or its fragment, or a mutated antigen. Serum from the immunized animal is collected and treated according to known procedures. If serum containing polyclonal antibodies is used, the polyclonal antibodies can be purified by immunoaffinity chromatography, using known procedures.
Monoclonal antibodies to the proteins of the present invention, and to the fragments thereof, can also be readily produced by one skilled in the art. The general methodology for making monoclonal antibodies by using hybridoma technology is well known. Immortal antibody-producing cell lines can be created by cell fusion, and also by other techniques such as direct transformation of B lymphocytes with oncogenic DNA, or transfection with Epstein-Barr virus. See, e.g., M. Schreier et al., Hybridoma Techniques (1980); Hammerling et al., Monoclonal Antibodies and T-cell Hybridomas (1981); Kennett et al., Monoclonal Antibodies (1980); see, also, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,341,761; 4,399,121; 4,427,783; 4,444,887; 4,452,570; 4,466,917; 4,472,500, 4,491,632; and 4,493,890. Panels of monoclonal antibodies produced against the antigen of interest, or fragment thereof, can be screened for various properties; i.e., for isotype, epitope, affinity, etc. Monoclonal antibodies are useful in purification, using immunoaffinity techniques, of the individual antigens which they are directed against.
Vaccine Formulations and Administration
The H. somnus proteins of the present invention can be formulated into vaccine compositions, either alone or in combination with other antigens, for use in immunizing subjects as described below. Methods of preparing such formulations are described in, e.g., Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mack Publishing Company, Easton, Pa., 15th edition, 1975.
Typically, the vaccines of the present invention are prepared as injectables, either as liquid solutions or suspensions. Solid forms suitable for solution in or suspension in liquid vehicles prior to injection may also be prepared. The preparation may also be emulsified or the active ingredient encapsulated in liposome vehicles. The active immunogenic ingredient is generally mixed with a compatible pharmaceutical vehicle, such as, for example, water, saline, dextrose, glycerol, ethanol, or the like, and combinations thereof. In addition, if desired, the vehicle may contain minor amounts of auxiliary substances such as wetting or emulsifying agents and pH buffering agents.
Adjuvants which enhance the effectiveness of the vaccine may also be added to the formulation. Adjuvants may include for example, muramyl dipeptides, avridine, aluminum hydroxide, oils, saponins, cytokines, and other substances known in the art.
The protein may be linked to a carrier in order to increase the immunogenicity thereof. Suitable carriers include large, slowly metabolized macromolecules such as proteins, including serum albumins, keyhole limpet hemocyanin, immunoglobulin molecules, thyroglobulin, ovalbumin, and other proteins well known to those skilled in the art; polysaccharides, such as sepharose, agarose, cellulose, cellulose beads and the like; polymeric amino acids such as polyglutamic acid, polylysine, and the like; amino acid copolymers; and inactive virus particles.
The protein substrates may be used in their native form or their functional group content may be modified by, for example, succinylation of lysine residues or reaction with Cys-thiolactone. A sulfhydryl group may also be incorporated into the carrier (or antigen) by, for example, reaction of amino functions with 2-iminothiolane or the N-hydroxysuccinimide ester of 3-(4-dithiopyridyl propionate. Suitable carriers may also be modified to incorporate spacer arms (such as hexamethylene diamine or other bifunctional molecules of similar size) for attachment of peptides.
Other suitable carriers for the proteins of the present invention include VP6 polypeptides of rotaviruses, or functional fragments thereof, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,071,651, incorporated herein by reference. Also useful is a fusion product of a viral protein and the subject immunogens made by methods disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,722,840. Still other suitable carriers include cells, such as lymphocytes, since presentation in this form mimics the natural mode of presentation in the subject, which gives rise to the immunized state. Alternatively, the proteins of the present invention may be coupled to erythrocytes, preferably the subject's own erythrocytes. Methods of coupling peptides to proteins or cells are known to those of skill in the art.
Furthermore, the proteins (or complexes thereof) may be formulated into vaccine compositions in either neutral or salt forms. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts include the acid addition salts (formed with the free amino groups of the active polypeptides) and which are formed with inorganic acids such as, for example, hydrochloric or phosphoric acids, or such organic acids as acetic, oxalic, tartaric, mandelic, and the like. Salts formed from free carboxyl groups may also be derived from inorganic bases such as, for example, sodium, potassium, ammonium, calcium, or ferric hydroxides, and such organic bases as isopropylamine, trimethylamine, 2-ethylamino ethanol, histidine, procaine, and the like.
Injectable vaccine formulations will contain a "therapeutically effective amount" of the active ingredient, that is, an amount capable of eliciting an immune response in a subject to which the composition is administered. The exact amount is readily determined by one skilled in the art. The active ingredient will typically range from about 1% to about 95% (w/w) of the composition, or even higher or lower if appropriate. With the present vaccine formulations, 50 to 500 .mu.g of active ingredient per ml of injected solution should be adequate to raise an immunological response when a dose of 1 to 3 ml per animal is administered. To immunize a subject, the vaccine is generally administered parenterally, usually by intramuscular injection. Other modes of administration, however, such as subcutaneous, intraperitoneal and intravenous injection, are also acceptable. The quantity to be administered depends on the animal to be treated, the capacity of the animal's immune system to synthesize antibodies, and the degree of protection desired. Effective dosages can be readily established by one of ordinary skill in the art through routine trials establishing dose response curves. The subject is immunized by administration of the vaccine in at least one dose, and preferably two doses. Moreover, the animal may be administered as many doses as is required to maintain a state of immunity to H. somnus infection.
As explained above, LppA, LppB and LppC, chimeric proteins comprising one or more of these antigens, or immunogenic fragments thereof, or cell free extracts including the same, can be administered either alone or in combination in one or several vaccine formulations. If used in combination, the antigens can be administered in the same formulation or provided as separate entities. Furthermore, if separate compositions are used, the timing of administration may be concurrent or staggered.
Additional vaccine formulations which are suitable for other modes of administration include suppositories and, in some cases, aerosol, intranasal, oral formulations, and sustained release formulations. For suppositories, the vehicle composition will include traditional binders and carriers, such as, polyalkaline glycols, or triglycerides. Such suppositories may be formed from mixtures containing the active ingredient in the range of about 0.5% to about 10% (w/w), preferably about 1% to about 2%. Oral vehicles include such normally employed excipients as, for example, pharmaceutical grades of mannitol, lactose, starch, magnesium, stearate, sodium saccharin cellulose, magnesium carbonate, and the like. These oral vaccine compositions may be taken in the form of solutions, suspensions, tablets, pills, capsules, sustained release formulations, or powders, and contain from about 10% to about 95% of the active ingredient, preferably about 25% to about 70%.
Intranasal formulations will usually include vehicles that neither cause irritation to the nasal mucosa nor significantly disturb ciliary function. Diluents such as water, aqueous saline or other known substances can be employed with the subject invention. The nasal formulations may also contain preservatives such as, but not limited to, chlorobutanol and benzalkonium chloride. A surfactant may be present to enhance absorption of the subject proteins by the nasal mucosa.
Controlled or sustained release formulations are made by incorporating the protein into carriers or vehicles such as liposomes, nonresorbable impermeable polymers such as ethylenevinyl acetate copolymers and Hytrel.RTM. copolymers, swellable polymers such as hydrogels, or resorbable polymers such as collagen and certain polyacids or polyesters such as those used to make resorbable sutures. The proteins can also be delivered using implanted mini-pumps, well known in the art.
The novel proteins of the instant invention can also be administered via a carrier virus which expresses the same. Carrier viruses which will find use with the instant invention include but are not limited to the vaccinia and other pox viruses, adenovirus, and herpes virus. By way of example, vaccinia virus recombinants expressing the novel proteins can be constructed as follows. The DNA encoding the particular protein is first inserted into an appropriate vector so that it is adjacent to a vaccinia promoter and flanking vaccinia DNA sequences, such as the sequence encoding thymidine kinase (TK). This vector is then used to transfect cells which are simultaneously infected with vaccinia. Homologous recombination serves to insert the vaccinia promoter plus the gene encoding the instant protein into the viral genome. The resulting TKrecombinant can be selected by culturing the cells in the presence of 5-bromodeoxyuridine and picking viral plaques resistant thereto.
An alternative route of administration involves gene therapy or nucleic acid immunization. Thus, nucleotide sequences (and accompanying regulatory elements) encoding the subject proteins can be administered directly to a subject for in vivo translation thereof. Alternatively, gene transfer can be accomplished by transfecting the subject's cells or tissues ex vivo and reintroducing the transformed material into the host. DNA can be directly introduced into the host organism, i.e., by injection (see International Publication No. WO/90/11092; and Wolff et al., Science (1990) 247:1465-1468). Liposome-mediated gene transfer can also be accomplished using known methods. See, e.g., Hazinski et al., Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. (1991) 4:206-209; Brigham et al., Am. J. Med. Sci. (1989) 298:278-281; Canonico et al., Clin. Res. (1991) 39:219A; and Nabel et al., Science (1990) 249:1285-1288. Targeting agents, such as antibodies directed against surface antigens expressed on specific cell types, can be covalently conjugated to the liposomal surface so that the nucleic acid can be delivered to specific tissues and cells susceptible to H. somnus infection.
Below are examples of specific embodiments for carrying out the present invention. The examples are offered for illustrative purposes only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way.
Deposits of Strains Useful in Practicing the Invention
A deposit of biologically pure cultures of the following strains was made with the American Type Culture Collection, 12301 Parklawn Drive, Rockville, Md. The accession number indicated was assigned after successful viability testing, and the requisite fees were paid. Access to said cultures will be available during pendency of the patent application to one determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto under 37 CFR 1.14 and 35 USC 122. All restriction on availability of said cultures to the public will be irrevocably removed upon the granting of a patent based upon the application. Moreover, the designated deposits will be maintained for a period of thirty (30) years from the date of deposit, or for five (5) years after the last request for the deposit; or for the enforceable life of the U.S. patent, whichever is longer. Should a culture become nonviable or be inadvertently destroyed, or, in the case of plasmid-containing strains, lose its plasmid, it will be replaced with a viable culture(s) of the same taxonomic description.
______________________________________Strain Deposit Date ATCC No.______________________________________pMS88 in JM105 April 7, 1992 68956pMS103 in JM105 April 7, 1992 68957pCRR27 in DH5 .alpha.-F'lac.sup.lq April 7, 1992 68958______________________________________
C. Experimental
Materials and Methods
Enzymes were purchased from commercial sources, and used according to the manufacturers' directions. Radionucleotides and nitrocellulose filters were also purchased from commercial sources.
In the cloning of DNA fragments, except where noted, all DNA manipulations were done according to standard procedures. See Sambrook et al., supra. Restriction enzymes, T.sub.4 DNA ligase, E. coli, DNA polymerase I, Klenow fragment, and other biological reagents were purchased from commercial suppliers and used according to the manufacturers' directions. Double stranded DNA fragments were separated on agarose gels.
Bacterial Strains, Plasmids and Growth Condition.
E. coli DH5.alpha.(.phi.80, lacZ.tangle-solidup.M15, endA1, recA1, hsdR17(r.sub.k,m.sub.k +),supE44, thi-1, ,gyrA96, relA1 .tangle-solidup.(lacZYA-argF),U169)/'lacl.sup.q proAB+lacZ.tangle-solidup. M15, Tn5 (IKm.sup.R); and JM105 (endA1, thi, rpsL, sbcB15, hsdR4, .tangle-solidup.lac-proAB), [F'traD36, proAB+, lacl.sup.q Z.tangle-solidup.M15)] are available commercially (i.e. Stratogene) and CC118 (aroD139, .tangle-solidup.(ara,leu)7697, .tangle-solidup.lacX74, phoA.tangle-solidup.20, galE, galK, thi, rpsE, rpoB, argE.sub.am, recA1) from C. Manoil, Harvard University (Manoil, C., and Beckwith, J. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (1985) 82:8129-8133). E. coli strains were grown in Luria broth (LB) or M63 (Miller, J. H., Experiments in Molecular Genetics, (1972) Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.). Ampicillin was used at 100 .mu.g/ml and kanamycin at 25 .mu.g/ml unless otherwise indicated. H. somnus strain HS25 has been used in challenge experiments to induce experimental Haemophilosis in calves (Harland, R. J., et al. Conf. Res. Work. Anim. Dis. 71st (1990) 29:6). Growth conditions for strain HS25, the plasmid pGH433, and the construction of the genomic library have been described (Theisen, M., and Potter, A. A. J. Bacteriol. (1992) 174:17-23). For iron-restricted growth, Brain Heart Infusion broth (BHI-TT) (Difco Laboratories) containing 0.1% Tris base and 0.001% thiamine monophosphate was supplemented with the iron chelator 2,2-dipyridyl (Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, Mo.) to a final concentration of 100 .mu.M. Iron-replete bacteria were grown in BHI-TT containing 50 .mu.M Fe(NO.sub.3).sub.3.
DNA Techniques.
Restriction enzymes, Klenow fragment of E. coli DNA polymerase I, T4 DNA ligase, and exonuclease III were used as recommended by the suppliers. DNA sequencing was accomplished by the chain termination method, essentially as described by Messing, 1983 (Manoil, C., and Beckwith, J., Science (1986) 233:1403-1408). Primer extension was performed as previously described (Theisen, M., et al. Infect. Immun. (1992) 60:826-831).
Screening of H. somnus Genomic Library.
Recombinant plasmids were transformed into E. coli strain JM105 and plated on LB agar plates containing 0.05% Congo red (for LppB and LppC). After two days of incubation at 37.degree. C. approximately 0.5% of the colonies turned dark red. Congo red binding colonies were picked and purified to single colonies on identical plates. One of each was then tested for the expression of H. somnus antigens by the colony blot method (French, B. T., et al. Anal. Biochem. (1986) 156:417-423). LppA was screened by the colony blot method (French, B. T., et al. Anal. Biochem. (1986).
Transposon TnphoA Mutagenesis.
Fusions of lppA to TnphoA were created with .lambda.::TnphoA (Gutierrez, C., et al. J. Mol. Biol. (1987) 195:289-297). In this system, alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity is only obtained if TnphoA transposes onto a DNA sequence in such a way that AP is fused in frame and downstream of an expressed coding sequence containing appropriate membrane insertional sequences (Hoffman, C. S., and Wright, A. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA (1985) 82:5107-5111; Manoil, C., and Beckwith, J. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (1985) 82:8129-8133; Manoil, C., and Beckwith, J. Science (1986) 233:1403-1408). Plasmid pMS22 was transformed into strain CC118. The resulting strain was infected with .lambda.::TnphoA and grown for 15 hours at 30.degree. C. Aliquots were plated on LB agar supplemented with 300 .mu.g/ml kanamycin, 100 .mu.g/ml ampicillin, and 40 .mu.g/ml 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indoyl phosphate (BCIP). The plates were incubated at 30.degree. C. for 2-3 days, and plasmid DNA was extracted from five pools of blue colonies and used to transform CC118 cells. Individual AP.sup.+ (blue) colonies were isolated at 37.degree. C. and their plasmid DNA analyzed by restriction mapping.
PAGE and Immunoblotting.
SDS-PAGE of H. somnus and E. coli proteins was performed in the Laemmli system (Laemmli, U. K., Nature (1970) 227:680-685) or by using the Tricine-SDS polyacrylamide gels with a 16.5% T, 6% C separating gel (Schagger, H., and von Jagow, G. Anal. Biochem. (1987) 166:368-379). Transfer of proteins onto nitrocellulose membranes was performed as recommended by the manufacturer. Blots were incubated with bovine serum diluted 1:500 with TBS-1% BSA (10 mM Tris-Cl pH 7.5, 140 mM NaCl) for two hours. The antiserum used was bovine hyperimmune serum against live H. somnus HS25 (Theisen & Potter, 1992). After three washes in TBS containing 0.5% Tween 20, seroreactive proteins were detected with goat antibovine-IgG coupled to alkaline phosphatase (Kirkegaard and Perry) at 1:5000 in TBS-1% BSA. Alkaline phosphatase activity was visualized using the NBT/BCIP system as described by the supplier (Promega). Prestained or non-stained protein standards were obtained from BioRad.
Hybridization Techniques.
Northern (RNA) blotting was performed as described by Maniatis. RNA was extracted from H. somnus and E. coil by standard techniques (Theisen, M. and Potter, A. A. J. Bacteriol. (1992), in press) and electrophoresed through 1.5% agarose gels containing formaldehyde. Three micrograms of RNA was used per lane. The RNA was blotted to nitrocellulose membrane and hybridized to DNA probes labelled at the 5'-end. After hybridization, blots were washed twice in 0.1.times.SSC, 0.5% SDS for two hours at 50.degree. C.
Analysis of Plasmid Encoded Proteins.
Minicells were isolated from cultures of BD1854 containing the appropriate plasmids by centrifugation on a 5%-25% sucrose gradient, labelled with [.sup.35 S]methionine, and subjected to SDS-PAGE. The proteins were electroblotted on to nitrocellulose membrane and antigen was detected using hyperimmune serum against HS25. The position of the labelled polypeptides was then determined by autoradiography of the western blot.
Labeling of Proteins with [.sup.3 H]Palmitate.
E. coli strain DH5.alpha.F'IQ harboring the specified plasmids was grown in M63 medium supplemented with glycerol (0.5% w/v) and casamino acids (2% w/v). H. somnus strain HS25 was grown in BHI-TT medium. To exponentially growing cells (4.times.10.sup.8 cells/ml), [.sup.3 H]palmitate (5 mCi/ml) was added to a final concentration of 50 .mu.Ci/ml, and incubation was continued for two hours. Labeling was terminated by precipitation with trichloroacetic acid (10% w/v) for 30 min on ice. When indicated, globomycin (Sankyo Co. Tokyo, Japan) (10 mg/ml in dimethyl sulfoxide) was added at 100 .mu.g/ml, 5 min prior to the addition of palmitate. Proteins were pelleted by centrifugation at 15000.times.g for 20 min, and the pellets were washed twice with methanol to remove lipids. The dried pellets were resuspended in sample buffer and analyzed by Tricine-SDS PAGE. the radiolabeled protein bands in the dried gel were detected by fluorography.
Oligonucleotide-directed Mutagenesis.
A 33-residue synthetic oligonucleotide with the sequence 5'-TGTATTATTAGCAGCTGGTAATGAAAAAAATAA (SEQ ID NO:10) was synthesized to alter the Cys-22 residue of the LppA protein (the underlined base differs from the wild-type sequence). The point mutation in the resulting plasmid pMS67 was verified by DNA sequencing.
EXAMPLE 1
Cloning and Characterization of LppA
A. Cloning lppA in E. coli
A genomic library of H. somnus HS25 DNA was constructed by cloning 2- to 7-kb fragments, generated by partial Sau3A restriction, into the plasmid expression vector pGH433, and positive transformants were detected by the colony blot method (French, B. T., et al. Anal. Biochem. (1986) 156:417-423) using antiserum against the H. somnus strain HS25. Twenty-eight positive clones were identified and kept for further analysis. To identify the plasmid-encoded proteins reacting with the serum, whole cell lysates of IPTG-induced cell cultures were examined by PAGE and subsequent Western blotting. Three plasmids encoding a seroreactive protein with an M.sub.r of approximately 40,000 were identified. One of these, with a DNA insert of 2-kb, was designated pMS22. Using the radiolabeled insert of pMS22 as a probe, it was shown that the three plasmids contained common sequences, indicating that the 40 kDa recombinant proteins were identical. A Western blot of protein synthesized by E. coli JM105/pMS22 compared with cell fractions of H. somnus. It is apparent that the seroreactive LppA protein is predominantly present in the outer membrane fractions of H. somnus and that it comigrates with the recombinant 40 kDa protein. Moreover, serum from calves immunized with the recombinant LppA protein reacts strongly with the native 40 kDa OMP of H. somnus.
B. Analysis of Recombinant Plasmids
To subclone the lppA gene and construct, plasmids suitable for exonuclease III degradation of the cloned region, the Bg1II-NcoI fragment of pMS22 was cloned into pTZ18R (FIG. 2). Two plasmids, pMS63 and pMS65, with the insert in opposite orientations, were obtained. Both expressed the LppA protein, indicating that the gene is transcribed from a promoter located on the insert DNA. To generate a series of nested deletions, plasmids pMS63 and pMS65 were each cut at the unique SacI and BamHI sites (FIG. 2) and subjected to exonuclease degradation, removal of overhang by S1 nuclease, and religation. A number of plasmids were analyzed, the extent of the degradation (as judged by restriction mapping or DNA sequencing) was compared with the phenotype (FIG. 2). It appears from this deletion experiment that the lppA gene is located between the deletion endpoints of d.3 and d.8.1 because plasmids with a larger insert are LppA.sup.+, whereas plasmids with deletion going further into the insert are LppA. This is true with one exception, namely d.10, which produces a seroreactive truncated version of the LppA protein with an M.sub.r of approximately 37,000 (data not shown). DNA sequencing of the deletion endpoints of the two plasmids revealed that in d.10, the .alpha.-peptide of lacZ is fused in frame with the lppA ORF (see below), thereby allowing the gene to be transcribed from lacP or another vector-encoded promoter and translation from the lacZ translational start site. In contrast, lacZ in d.9 is fused out of frame with the lppA ORF.
C. DNA Sequencing and Analysis
The complete DNA sequence of both strands of lppA was determined by the dideoxy method with modified T7 DNA polymerase and single-stranded DNA as the template. The sequence is shown in FIGS. 1A through 1B (SEQ ID NOS:1-2). Only one ORF sufficiently long to encode the lppA gene product is present on the sequenced DNA. It begins with an ATG codon located at position 791-793 and terminates with the TAA stop codon at position 1532-1534. This ORF would encode a polypeptide with a molecular weight of 27,072. The ATG start codon is preceded by a purine-rich sequence AATGAG (underlined bases are complementary to 16 S rRNA), which serves as a ribosome binding site in E. coli (Theisen, M., and Potter, A. A. Infect. Immun. (1992), in press).
The proposed reading frame was confirmed by sequencing two independent lppA::TnphoA gene fusions (see FIGS. 1A through 1B (SEQ ID NOS:1-2). Further proof that the indicated ORF was lppA was obtained by subcloning the DraI fragment of pMS22 (FIG. 2) into the SmaI site of pTZ18R and generating pMS83 and pMS84, with the insert in opposite orientations. DraI cuts 209 base pairs upstream of the putative ATG start codon and immediately downstream of the TAA stop codon. The lppA protein was expressed in JM105 harboring both plasmids. The N-terminal part of the predicted polypeptide strongly resembles a signal peptide, and the amino acid sequence Leu-Leu-Ala-Ala-Cys at position 842-856 is highly homologous to the consensus cleavage site found in bacterial lipoproteins (von Gabin, A., et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (1983) 80:652-657).
D. Identification of the 5' Terminus of lppA mRNA.
The 5' terminus of the lppA transcript was determined by primer extension mapping. The DNA used as primer was a synthetic 5'-end labeled oligonucleotide complementary to nucleotides between 817 and 835. mRNA was isolated from the H. somnus strain HS25 and the two E. coli strains JM105/pMS65(LppA.sup.+)and JM105/pGH433 (LppA.sup.-). One major lppA transcript beginning with the A residue at position 756 (FIGS. 1A through 1B (SEQ ID NOS:1-2), is produced in both HS25 and JM105/pMS65. No product was observed in cells harboring the plasmid vector pGH433. A Pribnow box and -35 region, characteristic of E. coli promoters (Harley, C. B., and Reynolds, R. P. Nuc. Acids Res. (1987) 15:2343-2361), are located at positions 744 through 749 (TATGCT) and position 722 through 727 (TTATCA), respectively.
E. Post-translational Modification of the LppA Protein.
Because the deduced amino acid sequence of the LppA protein contains a sequence identical to the consensus sequence Leu-Ala(Gly)-Ala(Gly)-Cys for lipid modification in E. coli (von Gabin et al., 1983), the lppA gene product may be a lipoprotein. In order to test whether the LppA protein was lipid modified, [.sup.3 H]palmitate was incorporated into H. somnus HS25 and the two E. coli strains, DH5.alpha.F'IQ/pMS65 and DH5.alpha.F'IQ/pTZ18R. Proteins from whole cell lysates were separated by PAGE and transferred to nitrocellulose membranes. The lppA gene product was identified by immunoblotting with antiserum against HS25. At least ten H. somnus proteins were labeled with palmitate. One of these was a 40 kDa protein which reacted strongly with H. somnus antiserum, showing that it was the lppA gene product. Palmitate was also incorporated into the recombinant lppA gene product since a radiolabeled, immunoreactive 40 kDa protein comigrating with the LppA protein from HS25 was detected in cells harboring pMS65 but not in the plasmid vector pTZ18R. Thus, the H. somnus lppA gene product is lipid modified in E. coli. Treatment of cells with globomycin leads to the accumulation of unprocessed lipoprotein, and both the natural H. somnus LppA and recombinant LppA protein are predominantly present as a larger, putative precursor form in globomycin-treated cells.
To determine if lipid modification of the LppA protein occurs at the cysteine residue Cys-22, the cysteine codon (TGT) was changed to a glycine codon (GGT) generating plasmid pMS67. Cells harboring pMS67 were LppA.sup.+. However, only a seroreactive protein comigrating with the larger precursor form was detected in a Western blot. Globomycin did not alter the mobility of the mutated LppA protein, indicating that the mutated LppA protein was no longer a substrate for signal peptidase II. Moreover, this protein was not labeled with palmitate, showing that lipid modification occurs at the Cys-22 residue.
EXAMPLE 2
Cloning and Characterization of LppB
A. Cloning of the Gene for LppB
A genomic library in plasmid pGH433, constructed as described above, was transformed into JM105 and among several thousand ampicillin-resistant transformants approximately 0.1% were found to bind Congo red on Congo red agar plates (Crb+). The E. coli strain JM105 had only a modest ability to bind Congo red on these plates. Twenty Crb+ transformants were screened with hyperimmune serum in a colony blot assay, and five were found to be seroreactive. Western blots (immunoblots) of proteins from whole cells separated on polyacrylamide gels showed that one transformant contained a plasmid (pMS10) encoding an approximately 60 kDa seroreactive protein, three transformants contained plasmids (pMS11, pMS14 and pMS15) encoding an approximately 40 kDa seroreactive protein, and one contained a plasmid (pCRx) coding for a 15 kDa antigen. The radiolabeled DNA insert from pMS11 was found to hybridize to pMS14, pMS15 and H. somnus, but not to plasmids pMs10 and pCRx, indicating that the three 40 kDa proteins were identical, but different from the 60 kDa and 15 kDa antigens. Also, the same insert did not hybridize to plasmid pMS22, encoding LppA (Theisen et al., 1992) showing that pMS11 encodes a novel 40 kDa protein.
Both JM105/pMS11 and JM105/pMS10 form small dark colonies on minimal plates containing 0.01% hemin, suggesting that the 40 kDa and 60 kDa proteins could be hemin-binding.
B. Location of the Gene for LppB
The 1.9 kb insert isolated from pMS11 was subcloned in the Smal site of pTZ18R using E. coli JM105 as the host strain. Two plasmids, pMS92 and pMS96, were obtained, carrying the insert in opposite orientations. LppB was expressed from both plasmids indicating that lppB is transcribed from a promoter located on the insert DNA. The addition of 2 mM IPTG to the growth medium increased lppB expression from pMS11 approximately four fold (as judged by a western blot) indicating that lppB was on the DNA insert. The indicated plasmids were transformed into a minicell producing strain, and plasmid encoded proteins were analyzed by PAGE. The plasmids pMS11, pMS92 and pMS105 all encode an LppB protein. Thus, LppB must be located downstream on the Ahall site at base 641 in FIGS. 3A through 3B (SEQ ID NOS:3-4).
C. Nucleotide Sequence Analysis
To generate a series of nested deletions for sequencing, plasmids pMS92 and pMS96 were each cut at the unique Sacl and BamHl sites present in the vector, subjected to exonuclease degradation, removal of the overhangs by S1 nuclease and religation. FIGS. 3A through 3B (SEQ ID NOS:3-4) shows the sequence of the entire chromosomal fragment. Two large ORFs were identified on the insert. The first ORF starts with an ATG codon at nucleotide 256 and ends with a TAA codon at nucleotide 829. Immediately downstream of this ORF is located a second ORF beginning with an ATG codon at position 872 and ending with a TAA codon at position 1708. The latter appears to correspond to the lppB gene since it is located downstream of the Ahall site at position 641 in FIGS. 3A through 3B (SEQ ID NOS:3-4) and therefore, contained on plasmid second which expressed LppB in the minicell experiment. Upstream from this ORF, there is a putative ribosome binding site GGAG and a seven base pair A/T rich spacer followed by the potential ATG start codon.
The DNA sequence was searched for nucleotide sequence homology in Genbank release 65. Sequences from position 1590 to the end of the cloned DNA in FIGS. 3A through 3B (SEQ ID NOS:3-4) showed 65.5% identity with the katF promoter region from E. coli (Mulvey & Loewen, 1989). The katF gene product is a putative sigmafactor which positively regulates catalase HPII (katE) and exonuclease III (xth) expression (Sask et al. 1989). It is interesting that H. somnus has sequences similar to katF because it lacks catalase activity (Sample & Czuprynsky, 1991).
D. Amino Acid Sequence Analysis
The ORF in the nucleotide sequence designated lppb encoded 279 amino acid residues, as indicated in FIGS. 3A through 3B (SEQ ID NOS:3-4). The molecular mass of the deduced protein was calculated to be 31307 Daltons. There is a short, hydrophobic region from amino acids 1 to 13 followed by a lipoprotein box, Leu-Ala-Ala-Cys, at the predicted signal peptidase II cleavage site. The hydrophobic-lipoprotein-box sequences strongly resembles the signal peptide of procaryotic lipoproteins, including the recently characterized lipoprotein LppA from H. somnus.
The lipid nature of LppB was confirmed as described above.
EXAMPLE 3
Cloning and Characterization of LppC
A genomic library of H. somnus DNA was constructed in E. coli using the expression vector pGH433, as described above. This library was screened for clones able to bind Congo red by plating cells on LB agar supplemented with ampicillin and 0.05% dye. After two days of incubation at 37.degree. C., approximately 0.1% of the colonies turned dark red. Twenty of these colonies were screened with hyperimmune serum against H. somnus in a colony blot assay, and five clones were found to be seroreactive. Western blot analysis of these clones showed that three produced a 40,000 MW protein (LppB; pMS11, pMS14, pMS15), while the other two coded for proteins with molecular weights of 15,000 (pCRR22) and 60,000 (LppC; pMS10). Since Congo Red can act as an analog of porphyrin compounds and one of these clones (pMS10) produced a protein similar in size to other bacterial transferrin receptors, this clone was characterized in more detail.
The DNA insert was subcloned into the vectors pTZ18R and pTZ19R and overlapping deletions were constructed using exonuclease III. The nucleotide sequence of the insert was then determined using the chain termination method and is shown in FIGS. 4A through 4C (SEQ ID NOS:5-6). An open reading frame starting at nucleotide 108 and ending at nucleotide 1850 codes for a protein with a predicted molecular weight of approximately 65,000. The first 21 amino acids of this protein code for a typical procaryotic signal sequence and therefore the DNA coding for the mature protein likely starts at nucleotide 171. This protein has a predicted molecular weight of 63,336, close to the 60,000 MW observed on polyacrylamide gels. This difference can be accounted for by the observation that LppC is lipid modified at the first cysteine of the mature peptide. The predicted amino acid sequence of the mature peptide is shown in FIGS. 5A through 5I (SEQ ID NOS:7-9).
Another construct, pCRR27, was made by taking the insert from pMS10 and subcloning into the vector pTZ18R, giving rise to pCRR26. A HindIII digest of pCRR26 was subcloned into the HindIII site of pGH432, resulting in plasmid pCRR27. This construct gives a high level of expression of LppC.
The lipid nature of the molecule was confirmed as described above.
EXAMPLE 4
Protective Capacity of LppA and LppB
A. Antigen Preparation.
The LppA and LppB antigens were extracted from strains JM105/pMS88 and JM105/pMS103, respectively. Bacteria were grown to mid-log phase in one liter of L-broth supplemented with 50 .mu.g/ml of ampicillin. When the absorbance at 600 nm reached 0.6, isopropyl-.beta.,D-thiogalactoside (IPTG) was added to a final concentration of 1 mM and the cultures were incubated with vigorous agitation for 2 h at 37.degree. C. The bacteria were harvested by centrifugation, resuspended in 40 ml of 25% sucrose/50 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8) and frozen at -70.degree. C. The frozen cells were thawed at room temperature and 10 ml of lysozyme (10 mg/ml in 250 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8) was added. After 15 minutes on ice, 300 ml of detergent mix (5 parts of 20 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4/300 mM sodium chloride/2% deoxycholic acid/2% Nonidet-P40 and 4 parts of 100 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8/50 mM EDTA/2% Triton X-l00) were added. The viscosity was reduced by sonication and protein aggregates were harvested by centrifugation at 27,000.times.g for 15 minutes. The pellets were dissolved in a minimal volume of 4 M guanidine hydrochloride. The proteins were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the protein concentration was estimated by comparing the intensity of the Coomassie blue-stained bands to a bovine serum albumin standard.
B. Vaccine Formulation.
Each vaccine dose was prepared by mixing 100 .mu.g of antigen, alone and in combination, with Emulsigen Plus so that the final volume was 2 ml with an adjuvant concentration of 33% (v/v). Placebo doses were prepared by combining sterile saline with Emulsigen Plus as described above. Each vaccine was mixed by sonication and stored in sterile vaccine vials at 4.degree. C.
C. Immunization.
All calves were immunized with 2 ml of vaccine administered by intramuscular injection. After three weeks, all animals received a second vaccination as described above. The serological response to vaccination was monitored using serum samples collected prior to vaccination, on the day of the second vaccination, and 10-12 days after the second vaccination.
D. Vaccine Trial 1.
The objective of this experiment was to determine the serological response to vaccination with LppA, LppB, LppA+LppB, and a placebo. Four groups of six calves were immunized with these vaccines as described above and the serological response was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results shown in Table 1 indicate that both antigens elicited an immune response, with LppB being the better of the two. No interference was observed when both antigens were present in the same vaccine.
E. Vaccine Trial 2.
The objective of this vaccine trial was to determine the protective capacity of LppA and LppB using an experimental challenge model. Three groups of eight calves each were vaccinated with LppA, LppB or a placebo formulated as described above. Twelve days after the second vaccination, all animals were challenged by intravenous inoculation of 1.times.10.sup.8 cfu of H. somus strain HS25. Animals were examined daily for clinical signs of disease for 12 days post-challenge. The results are summarized in Tables 2 to 8. Immunization with LppA reduced the severity of some of the clinical signs of Haemophilosis, including lameness and the daily sick score, while immunization with LppB significantly reduced all clinical signs of disease. Therefore, both antigens appear to be useful immunogens for the prevention of H. somnus disease.
EXAMPLE 5
Construction of Leukotoxin-LppB Fusion Proteins
A gene fusion consisting of the P. haemolytica leukotoxin gene (lktA), found in plasmid pAA352 (ATCC Accession No. 68283) and LppB, was made in order to increase expression levels. Plasmid pAA352 was digested with BamHI, treated with mung bean nuclease and dephosphorylated with calf intestinal phosphatase. The plasmid pMS11 (described above), containing lppB, was digested with MaeI and AccI, and the resulting 0.855 kb fragment was filled in with DNA polymerase I klenow fragment and ligated into the pAA352 vector. Following transformation, clones which reacted with rabbit antisera against LppB in a colony immunoblot were selected, and one such clone, JM105/pCRR28, was shown to produce an IPTG-inducible protein of the correct molecular weight. The predicted nucleotide and amino acid sequence of this fusion is shown in FIGS. 5A through 5I (SEQ ID NOS:7-9).
EXAMPLE 6
Protective Capacity of LktA::LppB
A vaccine trial was conducted using the leukotoxin-LppB fusion protein from Example 5, in order to test its protective capacity. The recombinant protein was prepared from inclusion bodies as described in Example 4. The inclusion bodies were solubilized in 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the unbound detergent was removed by dialysis against four litres of tris buffered saline for 48 hours. The proteins were analyzed by SDS-PAGE as described by Laemli (1970), and the protein concentration was estimated by comparing the intensity of the Coomassie blue-stained band to a bovine serum albumin standard (Pierce Chemical Co., Rockford, Ill.). The antigen was formulated in VSA such that the final concentration was 100 .mu.g per ml of LktA::LppB, 30% Emulsigen Plus, 0.9% Tween-80, and 2.5 mg per ml of DDA. The dose volume was 2 cc containing 200 .mu.g of recombinant antigen.
Three groups of eight calves each were included in the trial, and these received the LppB vaccine, Somnu-Star (formulated in VSA, obtained from BIOSTAR Inc.) as a positive control and, finally, a placebo. The vaccination and challenge schedule was as described in Example 4. The results of the trial are summarized in Table 9, and it can be seen that vaccination with Somnu-Star or LktA:LppB reduced mortality, clinical score, and weight loss. These results confirm that LppB is a protective antigen of H. somnus, and that fusion of the gene coding for LppB to the P. haemolytica leukotoxin does not diminish its protective capacity. Since H. somnus and P. haemolytica vaccines are often formulated together as combination products, this antigen has a further benefit of reducing production costs for such a vaccine.
Thus, subunit vaccines for use against H. somnus are disclosed, as are methods of making and using the same. Although preferred embodiments of the subject invention have been described in some detail, it is understood that obvious variations can be made without departing from the spirit and the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
TABLE 1______________________________________Vaccine trial #1: Serological response to vaccination.Ani- LppA Titer LppB Titermal # Group Bleed 1 Bleed 2 Bleed 3 Bleed 1 Bleed 2 Bleed 3______________________________________124 1 N.D. 25600 6400 1600 1600 800129 1 6400 1600 6400 400 1600 25600134 1 6400 3200 3200 1600 3200 6400190 1 400 3200 6400 1600 102400 25600192 1 1600 51200 25600 3200 6400 6406193 1 N.D. 25600 3200 400 3200 1600122 2 25600 25600 102400 Not Done123 2 6400 204800 819200125 2 3200 6400 102400136 2 102400 204800 204800186 2 6400 25600 51200188 2 6400 102400 6400126 3 51200 819200 51200 3200 102400 819200127 3 25600 51200 51200 3200 102400 819200130 3 25600 102400 819200 800 409600 819200132 3 6400 102400 102400 800 204800 819200133 3 102400 819200 102400 3200 51200 409600137 3 6400 51200 102400 6400 51200 819200128 4 25600 819200 819200 800 204800 819200131 4 819200 102400 102400 1600 51200 819200135 4 6400 102400 819200 1600 51200 819200187 4 800 6400 102400 800 51200 819200189 4 400 1600 12800 800 204800 819200191 4 6400 51200 102400 1600 409600 819200______________________________________ N.D. = not done Group 1 = Placebo Group 2 = LppA Group 3 = LppB Group 4 = LppA + LppB
TABLE 2______________________________________Vaacine Trial #2: Cumulative Weight Change Per GroupDay Placebo Vac LppA VacLppB______________________________________1 -10.4 -7.7 -3.52 -8.6 -6.3 -3.53 -10.4 -9.9 -4.34 -14.4 -13.7 -7.15 -10.8 -9.4 -4.36 -16.2 -12.7 -7.87 -22 -18.4 -11.98 -22.8 -17.2 -12.49 -24.6 -20.7 -14.410 -23.8 -21.5 -14.711 -24 -22.5 -15.612 -27.4 -24.5 -16.7Mean -2.28333 -2.041667 -1.391667Max -27.4 -24.5 -16.7______________________________________
TABLE 3______________________________________Vaacine Trial #2: Average Daily Temperatures Per GroupDay Placebo Vac LppA VacLppB______________________________________1 39.91 39.69 39.32 39.53 39.47 39.33 39.56 39.64 39.334 39.2 39.43 39.185 39.3 39.25 39.416 38.98 39.08 39.067 39.16 39.15 39.158 39.22 39.12 38.869 38.98 39.35 38.9510 39 39.42 38.8311 39.2 39.37 38.9812 39.38 39.13 38.86Mean 39.285 39.34167 39.10083Max 39.91 39.69 39.41______________________________________
TABLE 4______________________________________Vaccine Trial #2: Average Daily Lameness Score Per GroupDay Placebo Vac LppA VacLppB______________________________________1 0 0 02 0.25 0 03 0.2 0.143 0.0634 0.2 0.083 0.1255 0.2 0 0.1886 0.3 0.167 0.257 0.9 0.333 0.258 1.1 0.583 0.3759 1 0.583 0.68810 1 0.5 0.62511 1 0.167 0.512 1.1 0.583 0.438Mean 0.604167 0.261833 0.291833Max 1.1 0.583 0.688______________________________________
TABLE 5______________________________________Vaccine Trial #2: Averape Daily Sick Score Per GroupDay Placebo Vac LppA VacLppB______________________________________1 0.3 0.2 0.12 0.5 0.1 0.13 0.4 0.5 04 0.3 0.3 05 0.2 0.2 0.16 0.2 0.3 0.17 0.5 0.3 0.28 0.6 0.5 0.19 0.7 0.7 0.610 0.6 0.7 0.311 0.7 0.4 0.312 0.8 0.3 0.2Mean 0.483333 0.375 0.175Max 0.8 0.7 0.6______________________________________
TABLE 6______________________________________Vaccine Trial #2: Daily Number of Calves with Fevers*Day Placebo Vac LppA VacLppB______________________________________1 3 3 12 1 1 13 2 2 04 1 2 05 0 1 06 0 1 07 0 1 08 1 1 09 0 2 010 0 1 011 1 1 012 0 1 0Daily Maximum 3 3 1Total 9 17 2______________________________________ *Temperature >= 40.0
TABLE 7______________________________________Vaccine Trial #2: Daily Number of Calves Sick*Day Placebo Vac LppA VacLppB______________________________________1 4 4 12 4 2 13 5 3 04 4 4 05 4 3 16 4 4 17 6 4 28 7 5 19 7 6 510 7 6 311 7 5 312 7 4 2Daily Maximum 7 6 5Total 62 46 19______________________________________ *Clinical Sick Score > 0 (Dead animals counted as sick)
TABLE 8______________________________________Vaccine Trial #2: Summary of Clinical FindingsProtection Against H. somnus Challenge by Subunit VaccinesVaccines Calves Died Sick Febrile______________________________________Placebo 8 3 7 5Vaccine LppA 8 2 7 5Vaccine LppB 8 0 5 2______________________________________
TABLE 9______________________________________Summary of the LktA::LppB vaccine trial Serological Mean Weight response clinical change Somnu-Group Mortality score (kg) LppB Star______________________________________Placebo 2/8 1.13 -5.75 5,800 8,694Somnu- 0/8 0.38 -2.38 3,201 115,057StarLktA:LppB 0/8 0.75 -2.25 85,730 29,373______________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________# SEQUENCE LISTING- (1) GENERAL INFORMATION:- (iii) NUMBER OF SEQUENCES: 10- (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:1:- (i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:#pairs (A) LENGTH: 1985 base (B) TYPE: nucleic acid (C) STRANDEDNESS: single (D) TOPOLOGY: linear- (ii) MOLECULE TYPE: DNA (genomic)- (ix) FEATURE: (A) NAME/KEY: CDS (B) LOCATION: 791..1531- (xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:1:- AAAAAATCCA TTGATAGCAA TCAGTTTTAT CTGAAATTGG TACAAAAAAT AA - #TTACTATT 60- TTTAGTATGA ATACCAGTGC AGAATACTTT ACGACTAGAA CTTCGTTTAC GT - #CTGCCGGT 120- GATGCAGGGT TATTGGGGTG TTCCTTAAAT GCCTTTGAAA ATTACCAACT GA - #ATGAAGCG 180- TGGACTTGGG AAAAACAGGC TTTAGTTCGT TGTAGGGCGG TATACGGCGA TA - #TTGATTTA 240- TGTGAACGCT TTGAAAAAAT TCGTTGTAAT GTGCTTTCAG CTCCAAGAAA TG - #TGGAACAG 300- CTGAAGCAAG ATATACGAGA GATGCGTCAA AAAATGTATC ATCATCTCTC TA - #AACATAAA 360- ACGGACGAAT TTAATATTAA GACTGATTTG GGCGGTATCA CAGATATTGA GT - #TTATTGCA 420- CAATACTTAG TTTTAGCTTA TGCTCCCCAA CACTAGCATT AACACGTTGG TC - #TGATAATG 480- TAGGATATTT GACTGTATGG CTGAAAGTGC GGTGATTTCA CAAGAAGTTT CC - #ACAAAGTC 540- AAAAAAATGC TATGTAAATT TACGAAACCA AATTCATCAT TTAAATTTAT TA - #GGTCAAGA 600- ACCGATTATT AATGCACAAC TATTTAGCAA GGAAAGAACG TTTATTCTCA AT - #ACATGGAA 660- AAGTTTATTG GAATGAATGA ACTTATAATT GCCCTAAAAT CAGCATATGA TA - #AGAAATTA 720- TTTATCATTT GTATTTTCTT TGTTATGCTA TGCAGACCTT TAACTTACAT TA - #ACAAATGA 780- GAAATAAACG ATG AAA TTA AAT AAA TCA CTT TTG GT - #C GGC ACA TTA GTC 829#Lys Ser Leu Leu Val Gly Thr Leu Val# 10- GCC TCA ACT GTA TTA TTA GCA GCT TGT AAT GA - #A AAA AAT AAA GCG GAA 877Ala Ser Thr Val Leu Leu Ala Ala Cys Asn Gl - #u Lys Asn Lys Ala Glu# 25- ACA ACG CCA ACT GAA CCG GTT ACA GTT GCA GA - #A ACT CAA GCT CAA CCT 925Thr Thr Pro Thr Glu Pro Val Thr Val Ala Gl - #u Thr Gln Ala Gln Pro# 45- GAC GTT CAA GGA AAA ACT GAA ACA ACT TCA TC - #T GAA TCA ACC GCA ATT 973Asp Val Gln Gly Lys Thr Glu Thr Thr Ser Se - #r Glu Ser Thr Ala Ile# 60- GAA AAT ACA CAA TCT GAT GCT CAA GAA AAA AC - #T GAG ACA ACT TCA GTT1021Glu Asn Thr Gln Ser Asp Ala Gln Glu Lys Th - #r Glu Thr Thr Ser Val# 75- GAA ACA ACC TCG ACT GAA CCA ACC GCA GCT GG - #A AAC ACA CAA CCT GAA1069Glu Thr Thr Ser Thr Glu Pro Thr Ala Ala Gl - #y Asn Thr Gln Pro Glu# 90- TCT CAA GAA AAA GTT GTT TCA GAA AAA AGT GA - #G ACA GTT GTT CAA GAA1117Ser Gln Glu Lys Val Val Ser Glu Lys Ser Gl - #u Thr Val Val Gln Glu# 105- ATT CTT AAT CAG TTT AAC AAT ACA GTT ACG AT - #C CAA TTG GTG GGG TAT1165Ile Leu Asn Gln Phe Asn Asn Thr Val Thr Il - #e Gln Leu Val Gly Tyr110 1 - #15 1 - #20 1 -#25- CAG AGT GAA AAA ATA GAG GGT GAA GAT ACT TT - #A TCT TTC GTT TAT AAC1213Gln Ser Glu Lys Ile Glu Gly Glu Asp Thr Le - #u Ser Phe Val Tyr Asn# 140- GTT AAG AAT AAA GGT GAT AAA GCA ATC AAA GA - #A CTT CAG TGG TAT AAC1261Val Lys Asn Lys Gly Asp Lys Ala Ile Lys Gl - #u Leu Gln Trp Tyr Asn# 155- CTT GTT TTC TTT AAT TCG ACT CTG GTA GAG CC - #T CTT TCA ATA GCC TAT1309Leu Val Phe Phe Asn Ser Thr Leu Val Glu Pr - #o Leu Ser Ile Ala Tyr# 170- TCT TTT GAG GAT ACG CTT GCT CCG GAA GGC GA - #G GGC GAA ATA AAA TTA1357Ser Phe Glu Asp Thr Leu Ala Pro Glu Gly Gl - #u Gly Glu Ile Lys Leu# 185- ACA AAA TTA GCT AAA ACT TAT GCT GAA GAG AT - #T CGT GCA GAT ATA CTA1405Thr Lys Leu Ala Lys Thr Tyr Ala Glu Glu Il - #e Arg Ala Asp Ile Leu190 1 - #95 2 - #00 2 -#05- AAA CCG GAA GCT AAT CTT CAA TTT AGC CCA AT - #A ATT GCA GGT CGA ATT1453Lys Pro Glu Ala Asn Leu Gln Phe Ser Pro Il - #e Ile Ala Gly Arg Ile# 220- ATT TTT GAA GAC GGT ACG CAA TTA GTT GTA AC - #T ACA GAT GAA GAG CTT1501Ile Phe Glu Asp Gly Thr Gln Leu Val Val Th - #r Thr Asp Glu Glu Leu# 235- ACT CAA TCT TTA CAG CAA ATT TTA ACG CAA TA - #ATTTTTAA AAATAATTAT1551Thr Gln Ser Leu Gln Gln Ile Leu Thr Gln# 245- TCAACGCATT AGTTATCTAT CCGCTCTTAC AAATCTATAA TATTTATAAA TA - #ACTACAAA1611- AAGTTATCAA TAAGATTTTA TAGATTGGTA AGATCGGTTA TGTTTCCGCA TC - #GAAATCTA1671- CTGCCCATTA TTGGCGAAAC CGAAAGAAAT TCGTCGTAAA AAGCGTGCAG AG - #CAACAAGA1731- AAAAGAAGTG TGAAGAAAAA AAGCTGAGAA TTTGCTAAAA ATCAGCTCAA CA - #AACCGCAC1791- TTTAATAATA AAAATTTCTG CGAGAAATCA TGTAAAAAAA ATAACACCCT CT - #TAACAAGA1851- AGAGGGTGAA TAATCAATTT ACCATTGGTA CCCTATAGAA ACTGAACCTG CC - #ATTTTGCC1911- TTGAGAATTT CTATTTCCTT GAAATTTAAG CATAATCTTA CGTTATCACT CA - #TACGAGAA1971# 1985- (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:2:- (i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:#acids (A) LENGTH: 247 amino (B) TYPE: amino acid (D) TOPOLOGY: linear- (ii) MOLECULE TYPE: protein- (xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:2:- Met Lys Leu Asn Lys Ser Leu Leu Val Gly Th - #r Leu Val Ala Ser Thr# 15- Val Leu Leu Ala Ala Cys Asn Glu Lys Asn Ly - #s Ala Glu Thr Thr Pro# 30- Thr Glu Pro Val Thr Val Ala Glu Thr Gln Al - #a Gln Pro Asp Val Gln# 45- Gly Lys Thr Glu Thr Thr Ser Ser Glu Ser Th - #r Ala Ile Glu Asn Thr# 60- Gln Ser Asp Ala Gln Glu Lys Thr Glu Thr Th - #r Ser Val Glu Thr Thr# 80- Ser Thr Glu Pro Thr Ala Ala Gly Asn Thr Gl - #n Pro Glu Ser Gln Glu# 95- Lys Val Val Ser Glu Lys Ser Glu Thr Val Va - #l Gln Glu Ile Leu Asn# 110- Gln Phe Asn Asn Thr Val Thr Ile Gln Leu Va - #l Gly Tyr Gln Ser Glu# 125- Lys Ile Glu Gly Glu Asp Thr Leu Ser Phe Va - #l Tyr Asn Val Lys Asn# 140- Lys Gly Asp Lys Ala Ile Lys Glu Leu Gln Tr - #p Tyr Asn Leu Val Phe145 1 - #50 1 - #55 1 -#60- Phe Asn Ser Thr Leu Val Glu Pro Leu Ser Il - #e Ala Tyr Ser Phe Glu# 175- Asp Thr Leu Ala Pro Glu Gly Glu Gly Glu Il - #e Lys Leu Thr Lys Leu# 190- Ala Lys Thr Tyr Ala Glu Glu Ile Arg Ala As - #p Ile Leu Lys Pro Glu# 205- Ala Asn Leu Gln Phe Ser Pro Ile Ile Ala Gl - #y Arg Ile Ile Phe Glu# 220- Asp Gly Thr Gln Leu Val Val Thr Thr Asp Gl - #u Glu Leu Thr Gln Ser225 2 - #30 2 - #35 2 -#40- Leu Gln Gln Ile Leu Thr Gln 245- (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:3:- (i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:#pairs (A) LENGTH: 1885 base (B) TYPE: nucleic acid (C) STRANDEDNESS: single (D) TOPOLOGY: linear- (ii) MOLECULE TYPE: DNA (genomic)- (ix) FEATURE: (A) NAME/KEY: CDS (B) LOCATION: 872..1708- (xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:3:- CGACGCCAGT GCCAAGCTTG CATGCCTGCA GGTGATCTAA GCTTCCCGGG AT - #CCAAGAGG 60- TGAAGAGATT TATTGGATTG GACCAATAGG ACTGGCAGAA AATGAATCGG AA - #GGAACGGA 120- CTTCCATGCC GTTAAAAACG GCTATGTGTC AATTACACCC ATTCAAACAG AT - #ATGACGGC 180- ATATCATTCA ATGACAGCTT TACAACAATG GTTAGATAAG GAATAACGAT AA - #TCTTTTCA 240- TCGAAGGAAT AAAACATGAA AATTTTCGGT ACGCTATATG ATAAAACTAT GC - #AATGGGCA 300- AATCACCGTT TTGCTACATT TTGGCTAACT TTTGTTAGTT TTATTGAGGC TA - #TTTTCTTC 360- CCAATACCAC CTGATGTCAT GCTTATTCCG ATGTCAATAA ATAAACCTAA AT - #GTGCTACT 420- AAATTTGCAT TTTATGCAGC AATGGCTTCA GCCATTGGTG GGGCAATTGG TT - #ATGGATTA 480- GGTTATTACG CTTTTGATTT CATACAAAGT TATATTCAAC AATGGGGTTA TC - #AACAACAT 540- TGGGAAACTG CTCTTTCTTG GTTCAAAGAA TGGGGTATTT GGGTAGTTTT CG - #TTGCAGGT 600- TTTTCACCTA TTCCTTATAA AATTTTTACG ATTTGTGCAG GCGTCATGCA AA - #TGGCATTT 660- TTGCCTTTCT TACTTACTGC CTTTATTTCT CGTATTGCAA GATTTTTGCT CG - #TTACCCAT 720- TTAGCGGCTT GGAGCGGAAA AAAATTTGCT GCGAAATTAC GTCAATCTAT TG - #AATTTATC 780- GGTTGGTCAG TTGTCATTAT TGCTATAGTT GTATATCTTG TCTTGAAATA AT - #CTAAGATA 840#TTA CCT TTA 892C GGAGAATTTA C ATG AAA AAA TTT# Met - # Lys Lys Phe Leu Pro Leu# 1 5- TCT ATT AGT ATC ACT GTA CTA GCT GCT TGT AG - #T TCA CAC ACT CCG GCT 940Ser Ile Ser Ile Thr Val Leu Ala Ala Cys Se - #r Ser His Thr Pro Ala# 20- CCG GTA GAA AAT GCT AAG GAT TTA GCA CCA AG - #T ATT ATC AAA CCG ATT 988Pro Val Glu Asn Ala Lys Asp Leu Ala Pro Se - #r Ile Ile Lys Pro Ile# 35- AAT GGT ACA AAC TCA ACC GCT TGG GAA CCT CA - #A GTT ATT CAA CAA AAG1036Asn Gly Thr Asn Ser Thr Ala Trp Glu Pro Gl - #n Val Ile Gln Gln Lys# 55- ATG CCC GAA AGT ATG AGA GTG CCG AAA GCA AC - #A AAC TCC ACT TAT CAA1084Met Pro Glu Ser Met Arg Val Pro Lys Ala Th - #r Asn Ser Thr Tyr Gln# 70- CCT GAA ATC ATT CAA CAA AAT CAA CAA AAA AC - #A GAA TCG ATA GCA AAA1132Pro Glu Ile Ile Gln Gln Asn Gln Gln Lys Th - #r Glu Ser Ile Ala Lys# 85- AAA CAG GCT CTA CAA AAT TTT GAA ATT CCA AG - #A GAT CCT AAA ACT AAT1180Lys Gln Ala Leu Gln Asn Phe Glu Ile Pro Ar - #g Asp Pro Lys Thr Asn# 100- GTG CCT GTT TAT AGC AAA ATT GAT AAG GGT TT - #T TAC AAA GGT GAT ACT1228Val Pro Val Tyr Ser Lys Ile Asp Lys Gly Ph - #e Tyr Lys Gly Asp Thr# 115- TAC AAA GTA CGC AAA GGC GAT ACC ATG TTT CT - #T ATT GCT TAT ATT TCA1276Tyr Lys Val Arg Lys Gly Asp Thr Met Phe Le - #u Ile Ala Tyr Ile Ser120 1 - #25 1 - #30 1 -#35- GGC ATG GAT ATA AAA GAA TTG GCC ACA CTA AA - #T AAT ATG TCT GAG CCA1324Gly Met Asp Ile Lys Glu Leu Ala Thr Leu As - #n Asn Met Ser Glu Pro# 150- TAT CAT CTG AGT ATT GGA CAA GTA TTG AAA AT - #T GCA AAT AAT ATT CCC1372Tyr His Leu Ser Ile Gly Gln Val Leu Lys Il - #e Ala Asn Asn Ile Pro# 165- GAT AGC AAT ATG ATA CCA ACA CAG ACA ATA AA - #T GAA TCA GAG GTG ACA1420Asp Ser Asn Met Ile Pro Thr Gln Thr Ile As - #n Glu Ser Glu Val Thr# 180- CAA AAT ACA GTC AAT GAG ACA TGG AAT GCT AA - #T AAA CCA ACA AAT GAA1468Gln Asn Thr Val Asn Glu Thr Trp Asn Ala As - #n Lys Pro Thr Asn Glu# 195- CAA ATG AAA CCC GTT GCT ACA CCA ACA CAT TC - #A ACA ATG CCA ATC AAT1516Gln Met Lys Pro Val Ala Thr Pro Thr His Se - #r Thr Met Pro Ile Asn200 2 - #05 2 - #10 2 -#15- AAA ACA CCT CCA GCC ACC TCA AAT ATA GCT TG - #G ATT TGG CCA ACA AAT1564Lys Thr Pro Pro Ala Thr Ser Asn Ile Ala Tr - #p Ile Trp Pro Thr Asn# 230- GGA AAA ATT ATT CAA GGA TTT TCC AGT GCT GA - #T GGA GGC AAT AAA GGT1612Gly Lys Ile Ile Gln Gly Phe Ser Ser Ala As - #p Gly Gly Asn Lys Gly# 245- ATT GAT ATT AGC GGT TCT CGT GGA CAA GCT GT - #T AAT GCA GCA GCT GCA1660Ile Asp Ile Ser Gly Ser Arg Gly Gln Ala Va - #l Asn Ala Ala Ala Ala# 260- TGG ACG CAG TTG TAT ATG CCG GAG ACG CTT TA - #C GTG GAT ATG GTA ATT1708Trp Thr Gln Leu Tyr Met Pro Glu Thr Leu Ty - #r Val Asp Met Val Ile# 275- TAATTATTAT TAAACATAAT GACAGTTATT TAAGTGCTTA TGCACATAAT GA - #AAGTATAC1768- TCGTCAAAGA TCAGCAAGAA GTTAAAGCGG GTCAACAAAT TGCTAAAATG GG - #AAGTTCTG1828- GAACAAACAC AATCAAACTC CATTTTAAAT TCGTTATTTT GGTCAATCAG TA - #GATCC1885- (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:4:- (i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:#acids (A) LENGTH: 279 amino (B) TYPE: amino acid (D) TOPOLOGY: linear- (ii) MOLECULE TYPE: protein- (xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:4:- Met Lys Lys Phe Leu Pro Leu Ser Ile Ser Il - #e Thr Val Leu Ala Ala# 15- Cys Ser Ser His Thr Pro Ala Pro Val Glu As - #n Ala Lys Asp Leu Ala# 30- Pro Ser Ile Ile Lys Pro Ile Asn Gly Thr As - #n Ser Thr Ala Trp Glu# 45- Pro Gln Val Ile Gln Gln Lys Met Pro Glu Se - #r Met Arg Val Pro Lys# 60- Ala Thr Asn Ser Thr Tyr Gln Pro Glu Ile Il - #e Gln Gln Asn Gln Gln# 80- Lys Thr Glu Ser Ile Ala Lys Lys Gln Ala Le - #u Gln Asn Phe Glu Ile# 95- Pro Arg Asp Pro Lys Thr Asn Val Pro Val Ty - #r Ser Lys Ile Asp Lys# 110- Gly Phe Tyr Lys Gly Asp Thr Tyr Lys Val Ar - #g Lys Gly Asp Thr Met# 125- Phe Leu Ile Ala Tyr Ile Ser Gly Met Asp Il - #e Lys Glu Leu Ala Thr# 140- Leu Asn Asn Met Ser Glu Pro Tyr His Leu Se - #r Ile Gly Gln Val Leu145 1 - #50 1 - #55 1 -#60- Lys Ile Ala Asn Asn Ile Pro Asp Ser Asn Me - #t Ile Pro Thr Gln Thr# 175- Ile Asn Glu Ser Glu Val Thr Gln Asn Thr Va - #l Asn Glu Thr Trp Asn# 190- Ala Asn Lys Pro Thr Asn Glu Gln Met Lys Pr - #o Val Ala Thr Pro Thr# 205- His Ser Thr Met Pro Ile Asn Lys Thr Pro Pr - #o Ala Thr Ser Asn Ile# 220- Ala Trp Ile Trp Pro Thr Asn Gly Lys Ile Il - #e Gln Gly Phe Ser Ser225 2 - #30 2 - #35 2 -#40- Ala Asp Gly Gly Asn Lys Gly Ile Asp Ile Se - #r Gly Ser Arg Gly Gln# 255- Ala Val Asn Ala Ala Ala Ala Trp Thr Gln Le - #u Tyr Met Pro Glu Thr# 270- Leu Tyr Val Asp Met Val Ile 275- (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:5:- (i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:#pairs (A) LENGTH: 2465 base (B) TYPE: nucleic acid (C) STRANDEDNESS: single (D) TOPOLOGY: linear- (ii) MOLECULE TYPE: DNA (genomic)- (ix) FEATURE: (A) NAME/KEY: CDS (B) LOCATION: 108..1850- (xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:5:- TTTAATACGA CTCACTATAG GGAATTCGAG TCGATCTAAG CTTCCCGGGG AT - #CACCGTGC 60#CAA GGT 116ATACTC AAGGAGCAAT TTATGTTATC TATTTTA ATG#Gln Gly Met#1- TTA CGC TTA AAA AAA TGC TTT CTC CCG ATT TT - #A GTT ATG TTT TTT TTA 164Leu Arg Leu Lys Lys Cys Phe Leu Pro Ile Le - #u Val Met Phe Phe Leu# 15- GCA GGC TGT GTC AAT TTA TTA GGC AGT AGC TT - #T ACG GCA AGC TTA AAA 212Ala Gly Cys Val Asn Leu Leu Gly Ser Ser Ph - #e Thr Ala Ser Leu Lys# 35- AAT GAT GCC AAT GCA AGT TCT GAT TTT TAC AT - #T CGG AAA ATT GAA CAA 260Asn Asp Ala Asn Ala Ser Ser Asp Phe Tyr Il - #e Arg Lys Ile Glu Gln# 50- ACA CAA AAT CAA CAA GAT TTA CAA ACC TAT AA - #A CTT TTA GCT GCT CGA 308Thr Gln Asn Gln Gln Asp Leu Gln Thr Tyr Ly - #s Leu Leu Ala Ala Arg# 65- GTT TTA GTA ACA GAA AAT AAA ATC CCG CAA GC - #G GAA GCA TAT CTT GCT 356Val Leu Val Thr Glu Asn Lys Ile Pro Gln Al - #a Glu Ala Tyr Leu Ala# 80- GAA TTG ATA GAT TTA AAT GAT GAA CAA AAA CT - #A GAT AAA TCC CTG ATT 404Glu Leu Ile Asp Leu Asn Asp Glu Gln Lys Le - #u Asp Lys Ser Leu Ile# 95- GAA GCT CAT ATT TCT GCT GTT AAA GGC AAA AA - #T GAA ACG GCA GAA TAT 452Glu Ala His Ile Ser Ala Val Lys Gly Lys As - #n Glu Thr Ala Glu Tyr100 1 - #05 1 - #10 1 -#15- CAA TTA TCT TTA ATT CAC TTG ACA TTA CTT AG - #T CCT TCA CAA AAA TCA 500Gln Leu Ser Leu Ile His Leu Thr Leu Leu Se - #r Pro Ser Gln Lys Ser# 130- CGT TAT TAT GAG ATT GTT TCT CGT ATT GCA GA - #A AAT CGT CAT GAT AAT 548Arg Tyr Tyr Glu Ile Val Ser Arg Ile Ala Gl - #u Asn Arg His Asp Asn# 145- ATT TCA GCG ATA AAA GCT CGA ATT CAA ATG GA - #T AAT TTT TTA AGT GAT 596Ile Ser Ala Ile Lys Ala Arg Ile Gln Met As - #p Asn Phe Leu Ser Asp# 160- ATT CAA CGA AAA CAA CAA AAT AAT GAC CGC AC - #T TGG GCA TTG CTA CGC 644Ile Gln Arg Lys Gln Gln Asn Asn Asp Arg Th - #r Trp Ala Leu Leu Arg# 175- AAT ACA GAT AGT GAA GTA CTA AAT AAT ACT GA - #T GCG GAA GGA AAT ATT 692Asn Thr Asp Ser Glu Val Leu Asn Asn Thr As - #p Ala Glu Gly Asn Ile180 1 - #85 1 - #90 1 -#95- ACA TTG AGC GGT TGG TTA ACA TTA GCT CAA CT - #A TAC AAT GAT AAC CTT 740Thr Leu Ser Gly Trp Leu Thr Leu Ala Gln Le - #u Tyr Asn Asp Asn Leu# 210- AAT CAA CCT GCA CAA TTA ATT CAA ACA TTA CT - #G ACT TGG AAA AAT TAT 788Asn Gln Pro Ala Gln Leu Ile Gln Thr Leu Le - #u Thr Trp Lys Asn Tyr# 225- TAT CCA ACA CAT ACG GCA GCA CAT TTA TTA CC - #T ACA GAA TTA CAA GGG 836Tyr Pro Thr His Thr Ala Ala His Leu Leu Pr - #o Thr Glu Leu Gln Gly# 240- CTT GCC AAT TTT CAA CAA ACT ACT TTA ACG CA - #A GTC GGT CTA ATA CTC 884Leu Ala Asn Phe Gln Gln Thr Thr Leu Thr Gl - #n Val Gly Leu Ile Leu# 255- CCT TTA AGC GGC AAT ACA CGA CTT ATC GGT GA - #A ACA ATC AAA AAC GGG 932Pro Leu Ser Gly Asn Thr Arg Leu Ile Gly Gl - #u Thr Ile Lys Asn Gly260 2 - #65 2 - #70 2 -#75- TTT GAT GAT GCC AAA GTC AAT TAC AAT GTT CA - #A GTT CAC GTA TTT GAC 980Phe Asp Asp Ala Lys Val Asn Tyr Asn Val Gl - #n Val His Val Phe Asp# 290- TCA ATG AAA ATG TCT ATA GAA CAA ATT ATT AA - #T CAA GCA AAA AAA CAG1028Ser Met Lys Met Ser Ile Glu Gln Ile Ile As - #n Gln Ala Lys Lys Gln# 305- GGA ATT AAC ACT CTT GTC GGA CCA TTA CTC AA - #A CAA AAT GTT GAT GTT1076Gly Ile Asn Thr Leu Val Gly Pro Leu Leu Ly - #s Gln Asn Val Asp Val# 320- ATA GTC AAT AAT CCG TAT TTG GTA CAA GAT TT - #A AAT GTA TTA GCG TTG1124Ile Val Asn Asn Pro Tyr Leu Val Gln Asp Le - #u Asn Val Leu Ala Leu# 335- AAC TCT ACG CCT AAT GCA CGG GCA ATT GAA CA - #C CTT TGT TAT TAT GGA1172Asn Ser Thr Pro Asn Ala Arg Ala Ile Glu Hi - #s Leu Cys Tyr Tyr Gly340 3 - #45 3 - #50 3 -#55- TTA TCG CCT GAA GAT GAA GCT GAA AGT GCG GC - #A AGT AAA ATG TGG AAT1220Leu Ser Pro Glu Asp Glu Ala Glu Ser Ala Al - #a Ser Lys Met Trp Asn# 370- GAT GCA GTA CGT ATT CCA CTT GTT TTA GTA CC - #G CAA AAT AAT CTG GGG1268Asp Ala Val Arg Ile Pro Leu Val Leu Val Pr - #o Gln Asn Asn Leu Gly# 385- CGA CGC ACG GCA GCG GCA TTT ACT CTA CGT TG - #G CAA CAA CTA TTG GGT1316Arg Arg Thr Ala Ala Ala Phe Thr Leu Arg Tr - #p Gln Gln Leu Leu Gly# 400- ACT GAT GCC AAT ATT AAA TTC TAT AAT CAA AC - #C GCA GAT ATT AAT TTT1364Thr Asp Ala Asn Ile Lys Phe Tyr Asn Gln Th - #r Ala Asp Ile Asn Phe# 415- GCA TTA AAA TCG GGG TTA AGT GAA AGT ACT GA - #C GGC GTG TAT ATT ATT1412Ala Leu Lys Ser Gly Leu Ser Glu Ser Thr As - #p Gly Val Tyr Ile Ile420 4 - #25 4 - #30 4 -#35- GCT AAT AAC AAA CAA TTA GCT GAA ATT AAA GC - #A GTG TTG GAT AAT ATT1460Ala Asn Asn Lys Gln Leu Ala Glu Ile Lys Al - #a Val Leu Asp Asn Ile# 450- AAT CCG ACC CTA AAA CTT TAT GCA AGT TCA CG - #T AGT AAT TCG CCT AAC1508Asn Pro Thr Leu Lys Leu Tyr Ala Ser Ser Ar - #g Ser Asn Ser Pro Asn# 465- AGT GGT CCT GAA CAT CGT TTG TTT CTG AAT AA - #T CTG CAA TTT AGT GAT1556Ser Gly Pro Glu His Arg Leu Phe Leu Asn As - #n Leu Gln Phe Ser Asp# 480- ATT CCG TTC TTC AAA GAT AGG GAA TCG GAA CA - #A TAT AAA AAA ATT GAA1604Ile Pro Phe Phe Lys Asp Arg Glu Ser Glu Gl - #n Tyr Lys Lys Ile Glu# 495- AAA ATG ACC AAT AAT GAT TAC TCA TTA ATG CA - #T TTA TAT GCT ATG GGT1652Lys Met Thr Asn Asn Asp Tyr Ser Leu Met Hi - #s Leu Tyr Ala Met Gly500 5 - #05 5 - #10 5 -#15- TAT GAT GCT TGG TTA TTA ATA AAT CAA TTT AA - #T GAA TTC CGT CAA ATT1700Tyr Asp Ala Trp Leu Leu Ile Asn Gln Phe As - #n Glu Phe Arg Gln Ile# 530- CCC GGA TTT ACC ATT GAT GGG TTA ACA GGA AA - #A CTC AGT GCC GGC CCT1748Pro Gly Phe Thr Ile Asp Gly Leu Thr Gly Ly - #s Leu Ser Ala Gly Pro# 545- AAC TGT AAT GTT GAA CGT GAT ATG ACT TGG TT - #C CAA TAT CAA AAT GGC1796Asn Cys Asn Val Glu Arg Asp Met Thr Trp Ph - #e Gln Tyr Gln Asn Gly# 560- AGT ATC TAT CCG CTT AAC GAG CAA GAT GAC AG - #C ATC TAT CTG ATT AAC1844Ser Ile Tyr Pro Leu Asn Glu Gln Asp Asp Se - #r Ile Tyr Leu Ile Asn# 575- GAA GAA TGATACAATC CAAACGTCAA CAAGGTGCGA GTTTTGAATA TC - #AGGCTCGC1900Glu Glu580- CTCTTTTTAG AGAGACAAGG TTTAACCTTT ATTGCAGCTA ACCAACGCTT TA - #ACTGCGGT1960- GAATTGGATT TGATTATGCA AGATCGGCAA ACGATCGTTT TTGTTGAGGT TC - #GTCAGCGT2020- AAAAATCAAA TTTTCGGTTC AGCAATTGAC AGTGTAGATT GGAAAAAGCA GC - #AAAAATGG2080- CTTGATGCAG CCAACCTATG GTTAGCACAA TATGATTCCA GTTTAGAAGA TG - #CGGACTGC2140- CGTTTCGATC TGGTCGCTTT TGGAGCAACA ACAAATGATA TCCAATGGAT AC - #CTAATTTT2200- CTTGATGAAT AAAAATTATG AAAAAGTTAA AGATATTTAT ACGGAAAGTA TT - #CAAACTCA2260- AATTTCTTCC TCCAGCTTAC TTGCAACAAA AATCGTAGAG GCAACTCAAC AT - #ATTGTAAA2320- TTGCCTGCTG AAAGGTAATA AAATTATTGT CTGTGGGCAT GGTAGATCCT AG - #CTAGCTAG2380- CCATGGACCT GCAGGCATGC AAGCTTGGCA CTGAGTCGTT CGTTTTTACA AC - #GTTCGTTG2440# 2465 TCCG TTTAG- (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:6:- (i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:#acids (A) LENGTH: 581 amino (B) TYPE: amino acid (D) TOPOLOGY: linear- (ii) MOLECULE TYPE: protein- (xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:6:- Met Gln Gly Leu Arg Leu Lys Lys Cys Phe Le - #u Pro Ile Leu Val Met# 15- Phe Phe Leu Ala Gly Cys Val Asn Leu Leu Gl - #y Ser Ser Phe Thr Ala# 30- Ser Leu Lys Asn Asp Ala Asn Ala Ser Ser As - #p Phe Tyr Ile Arg Lys# 45- Ile Glu Gln Thr Gln Asn Gln Gln Asp Leu Gl - #n Thr Tyr Lys Leu Leu# 60- Ala Ala Arg Val Leu Val Thr Glu Asn Lys Il - #e Pro Gln Ala Glu Ala# 80- Tyr Leu Ala Glu Leu Ile Asp Leu Asn Asp Gl - #u Gln Lys Leu Asp Lys# 95- Ser Leu Ile Glu Ala His Ile Ser Ala Val Ly - #s Gly Lys Asn Glu Thr# 110- Ala Glu Tyr Gln Leu Ser Leu Ile His Leu Th - #r Leu Leu Ser Pro Ser# 125- Gln Lys Ser Arg Tyr Tyr Glu Ile Val Ser Ar - #g Ile Ala Glu Asn Arg# 140- His Asp Asn Ile Ser Ala Ile Lys Ala Arg Il - #e Gln Met Asp Asn Phe145 1 - #50 1 - #55 1 -#60- Leu Ser Asp Ile Gln Arg Lys Gln Gln Asn As - #n Asp Arg Thr Trp Ala# 175- Leu Leu Arg Asn Thr Asp Ser Glu Val Leu As - #n Asn Thr Asp Ala Glu# 190- Gly Asn Ile Thr Leu Ser Gly Trp Leu Thr Le - #u Ala Gln Leu Tyr Asn# 205- Asp Asn Leu Asn Gln Pro Ala Gln Leu Ile Gl - #n Thr Leu Leu Thr Trp# 220- Lys Asn Tyr Tyr Pro Thr His Thr Ala Ala Hi - #s Leu Leu Pro Thr Glu225 2 - #30 2 - #35 2 -#40- Leu Gln Gly Leu Ala Asn Phe Gln Gln Thr Th - #r Leu Thr Gln Val Gly# 255- Leu Ile Leu Pro Leu Ser Gly Asn Thr Arg Le - #u Ile Gly Glu Thr Ile# 270- Lys Asn Gly Phe Asp Asp Ala Lys Val Asn Ty - #r Asn Val Gln Val His# 285- Val Phe Asp Ser Met Lys Met Ser Ile Glu Gl - #n Ile Ile Asn Gln Ala# 300- Lys Lys Gln Gly Ile Asn Thr Leu Val Gly Pr - #o Leu Leu Lys Gln Asn305 3 - #10 3 - #15 3 -#20- Val Asp Val Ile Val Asn Asn Pro Tyr Leu Va - #l Gln Asp Leu Asn Val# 335- Leu Ala Leu Asn Ser Thr Pro Asn Ala Arg Al - #a Ile Glu His Leu Cys# 350- Tyr Tyr Gly Leu Ser Pro Glu Asp Glu Ala Gl - #u Ser Ala Ala Ser Lys# 365- Met Trp Asn Asp Ala Val Arg Ile Pro Leu Va - #l Leu Val Pro Gln Asn# 380- Asn Leu Gly Arg Arg Thr Ala Ala Ala Phe Th - #r Leu Arg Trp Gln Gln385 3 - #90 3 - #95 4 -#00- Leu Leu Gly Thr Asp Ala Asn Ile Lys Phe Ty - #r Asn Gln Thr Ala Asp# 415- Ile Asn Phe Ala Leu Lys Ser Gly Leu Ser Gl - #u Ser Thr Asp Gly Val# 430- Tyr Ile Ile Ala Asn Asn Lys Gln Leu Ala Gl - #u Ile Lys Ala Val Leu# 445- Asp Asn Ile Asn Pro Thr Leu Lys Leu Tyr Al - #a Ser Ser Arg Ser Asn# 460- Ser Pro Asn Ser Gly Pro Glu His Arg Leu Ph - #e Leu Asn Asn Leu Gln465 4 - #70 4 - #75 4 -#80- Phe Ser Asp Ile Pro Phe Phe Lys Asp Arg Gl - #u Ser Glu Gln Tyr Lys# 495- Lys Ile Glu Lys Met Thr Asn Asn Asp Tyr Se - #r Leu Met His Leu Tyr# 510- Ala Met Gly Tyr Asp Ala Trp Leu Leu Ile As - #n Gln Phe Asn Glu Phe# 525- Arg Gln Ile Pro Gly Phe Thr Ile Asp Gly Le - #u Thr Gly Lys Leu Ser# 540- Ala Gly Pro Asn Cys Asn Val Glu Arg Asp Me - #t Thr Trp Phe Gln Tyr545 5 - #50 5 - #55 5 -#60- Gln Asn Gly Ser Ile Tyr Pro Leu Asn Glu Gl - #n Asp Asp Ser Ile Tyr# 575- Leu Ile Asn Glu Glu 580- (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:7:- (i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:#pairs (A) LENGTH: 3646 base (B) TYPE: nucleic acid (C) STRANDEDNESS: double (D) TOPOLOGY: linear- (ii) MOLECULE TYPE: DNA (genomic)- (ix) FEATURE: (A) NAME/KEY: CDS (B) LOCATION: 1..2772- (ix) FEATURE: (A) NAME/KEY: CDS (B) LOCATION: 2776..3570- (xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:7:- ATG GCT ACT GTT ATA GAT CTA AGC TTC CCA AA - #A ACT GGG GCA AAA AAA 48Met Ala Thr Val Ile Asp Leu Ser Phe Pro Ly - #s Thr Gly Ala Lys Lys# 15- ATT ATC CTC TAT ATT CCC CAA AAT TAC CAA TA - #T GAT ACT GAA CAA GGT 96Ile Ile Leu Tyr Ile Pro Gln Asn Tyr Gln Ty - #r Asp Thr Glu Gln Gly# 30- AAT GGT TTA CAG GAT TTA GTC AAA GCG GCC GA - #A GAG TTG GGG ATT GAG 144Asn Gly Leu Gln Asp Leu Val Lys Ala Ala Gl - #u Glu Leu Gly Ile Glu# 45- GTA CAA AGA GAA GAA CGC AAT AAT ATT GCA AC - #A GCT CAA ACC AGT TTA 192Val Gln Arg Glu Glu Arg Asn Asn Ile Ala Th - #r Ala Gln Thr Ser Leu# 60- GGC ACG ATT CAA ACC GCT ATT GGC TTA ACT GA - #G CGT GGC ATT GTG TTA 240Gly Thr Ile Gln Thr Ala Ile Gly Leu Thr Gl - #u Arg Gly Ile Val Leu# 80- TCC GCT CCA CAA ATT GAT AAA TTG CTA CAG AA - #A ACT AAA GCA GGC CAA 288Ser Ala Pro Gln Ile Asp Lys Leu Leu Gln Ly - #s Thr Lys Ala Gly Gln# 95- GCA TTA GGT TCT GCC GAA AGC ATT GTA CAA AA - #T GCA AAT AAA GCC AAA 336Ala Leu Gly Ser Ala Glu Ser Ile Val Gln As - #n Ala Asn Lys Ala Lys# 110- ACT GTA TTA TCT GGC ATT CAA TCT ATT TTA GG - #C TCA GTA TTG GCT GGA 384Thr Val Leu Ser Gly Ile Gln Ser Ile Leu Gl - #y Ser Val Leu Ala Gly# 125- ATG GAT TTA GAT GAG GCC TTA CAG AAT AAC AG - #C AAC CAA CAT GCT CTT 432Met Asp Leu Asp Glu Ala Leu Gln Asn Asn Se - #r Asn Gln His Ala Leu# 140- GCT AAA GCT GGC TTG GAG CTA ACA AAT TCA TT - #A ATT GAA AAT ATT GCT 480Ala Lys Ala Gly Leu Glu Leu Thr Asn Ser Le - #u Ile Glu Asn Ile Ala145 1 - #50 1 - #55 1 -#60- AAT TCA GTA AAA ACA CTT GAC GAA TTT GGT GA - #G CAA ATT AGT CAA TTT 528Asn Ser Val Lys Thr Leu Asp Glu Phe Gly Gl - #u Gln Ile Ser Gln Phe# 175- GGT TCA AAA CTA CAA AAT ATC AAA GGC TTA GG - #G ACT TTA GGA GAC AAA 576Gly Ser Lys Leu Gln Asn Ile Lys Gly Leu Gl - #y Thr Leu Gly Asp Lys# 190- CTC AAA AAT ATC GGT GGA CTT GAT AAA GCT GG - #C CTT GGT TTA GAT GTT 624Leu Lys Asn Ile Gly Gly Leu Asp Lys Ala Gl - #y Leu Gly Leu Asp Val# 205- ATC TCA GGG CTA TTA TCG GGC GCA ACA GCT GC - #A CTT GTA CTT GCA GAT 672Ile Ser Gly Leu Leu Ser Gly Ala Thr Ala Al - #a Leu Val Leu Ala Asp# 220- AAA AAT GCT TCA ACA GCT AAA AAA GTG GGT GC - #G GGT TTT GAA TTG GCA 720Lys Asn Ala Ser Thr Ala Lys Lys Val Gly Al - #a Gly Phe Glu Leu Ala225 2 - #30 2 - #35 2 -#40- AAC CAA GTT GTT GGT AAT ATT ACC AAA GCC GT - #T TCT TCT TAC ATT TTA 768Asn Gln Val Val Gly Asn Ile Thr Lys Ala Va - #l Ser Ser Tyr Ile Leu# 255- GCC CAA CGT GTT GCA GCA GGT TTA TCT TCA AC - #T GGG CCT GTG GCT GCT 816Ala Gln Arg Val Ala Ala Gly Leu Ser Ser Th - #r Gly Pro Val Ala Ala# 270- TTA ATT GCT TCT ACT GTT TCT CTT GCG ATT AG - #C CCA TTA GCA TTT GCC 864Leu Ile Ala Ser Thr Val Ser Leu Ala Ile Se - #r Pro Leu Ala Phe Ala# 285- GGT ATT GCC GAT AAA TTT AAT CAT GCA AAA AG - #T TTA GAG AGT TAT GCC 912Gly Ile Ala Asp Lys Phe Asn His Ala Lys Se - #r Leu Glu Ser Tyr Ala# 300- GAA CGC TTT AAA AAA TTA GGC TAT GAC GGA GA - #T AAT TTA TTA GCA GAA 960Glu Arg Phe Lys Lys Leu Gly Tyr Asp Gly As - #p Asn Leu Leu Ala Glu305 3 - #10 3 - #15 3 -#20- TAT CAG CGG GGA ACA GGG ACT ATT GAT GCA TC - #G GTT ACT GCA ATT AAT1008Tyr Gln Arg Gly Thr Gly Thr Ile Asp Ala Se - #r Val Thr Ala Ile Asn# 335- ACC GCA TTG GCC GCT ATT GCT GGT GGT GTG TC - #T GCT GCT GCA GCC GGC1056Thr Ala Leu Ala Ala Ile Ala Gly Gly Val Se - #r Ala Ala Ala Ala Gly# 350- TCG GTT ATT GCT TCA CCG ATT GCC TTA TTA GT - #A TCT GGG ATT ACC GGT1104Ser Val Ile Ala Ser Pro Ile Ala Leu Leu Va - #l Ser Gly Ile Thr Gly# 365- GTA ATT TCT ACG ATT CTG CAA TAT TCT AAA CA - #A GCA ATG TTT GAG CAC1152Val Ile Ser Thr Ile Leu Gln Tyr Ser Lys Gl - #n Ala Met Phe Glu His# 380- GTT GCA AAT AAA ATT CAT AAC AAA ATT GTA GA - #A TGG GAA AAA AAT AAT1200Val Ala Asn Lys Ile His Asn Lys Ile Val Gl - #u Trp Glu Lys Asn Asn385 3 - #90 3 - #95 4 -#00- CAC GGT AAG AAC TAC TTT GAA AAT GGT TAC GA - #T GCC CGT TAT CTT GCG1248His Gly Lys Asn Tyr Phe Glu Asn Gly Tyr As - #p Ala Arg Tyr Leu Ala# 415- AAT TTA CAA GAT AAT ATG AAA TTC TTA CTG AA - #C TTA AAC AAA GAG TTA1296Asn Leu Gln Asp Asn Met Lys Phe Leu Leu As - #n Leu Asn Lys Glu Leu# 430- CAG GCA GAA CGT GTC ATC GCT ATT ACT CAG CA - #G CAA TGG GAT AAC AAC1344Gln Ala Glu Arg Val Ile Ala Ile Thr Gln Gl - #n Gln Trp Asp Asn Asn# 445- ATT GGT GAT TTA GCT GGT ATT AGC CGT TTA GG - #T GAA AAA GTC CTT AGT1392Ile Gly Asp Leu Ala Gly Ile Ser Arg Leu Gl - #y Glu Lys Val Leu Ser# 460- GGT AAA GCC TAT GTG GAT GCG TTT GAA GAA GG - #C AAA CAC ATT AAA GCC1440Gly Lys Ala Tyr Val Asp Ala Phe Glu Glu Gl - #y Lys His Ile Lys Ala465 4 - #70 4 - #75 4 -#80- GAT AAA TTA GTA CAG TTG GAT TCG GCA AAC GG - #T ATT ATT GAT GTG AGT1488Asp Lys Leu Val Gln Leu Asp Ser Ala Asn Gl - #y Ile Ile Asp Val Ser# 495- AAT TCG GGT AAA GCG AAA ACT CAG CAT ATC TT - #A TTC AGA ACG CCA TTA1536Asn Ser Gly Lys Ala Lys Thr Gln His Ile Le - #u Phe Arg Thr Pro Leu# 510- TTG ACG CCG GGA ACA GAG CAT CGT GAA CGC GT - #A CAA ACA GGT AAA TAT1584Leu Thr Pro Gly Thr Glu His Arg Glu Arg Va - #l Gln Thr Gly Lys Tyr# 525- GAA TAT ATT ACC AAG CTC AAT ATT AAC CGT GT - #A GAT AGC TGG AAA ATT1632Glu Tyr Ile Thr Lys Leu Asn Ile Asn Arg Va - #l Asp Ser Trp Lys Ile# 540- ACA GAT GGT GCA GCA AGT TCT ACC TTT GAT TT - #A ACT AAC GTT GTT CAG1680Thr Asp Gly Ala Ala Ser Ser Thr Phe Asp Le - #u Thr Asn Val Val Gln545 5 - #50 5 - #55 5 -#60- CGT ATT GGT ATT GAA TTA GAC AAT GCT GGA AA - #T GTA ACT AAA ACC AAA1728Arg Ile Gly Ile Glu Leu Asp Asn Ala Gly As - #n Val Thr Lys Thr Lys# 575- GAA ACA AAA ATT ATT GCC AAA CTT GGT GAA GG - #T GAT GAC AAC GTA TTT1776Glu Thr Lys Ile Ile Ala Lys Leu Gly Glu Gl - #y Asp Asp Asn Val Phe# 590- GTT GGT TCT GGT ACG ACG GAA ATT GAT GGC GG - #T GAA GGT TAC GAC CGA1824Val Gly Ser Gly Thr Thr Glu Ile Asp Gly Gl - #y Glu Gly Tyr Asp Arg# 605- GTT CAC TAT AGC CGT GGA AAC TAT GGT GCT TT - #A ACT ATT GAT GCA ACC1872Val His Tyr Ser Arg Gly Asn Tyr Gly Ala Le - #u Thr Ile Asp Ala Thr# 620- AAA GAG ACC GAG CAA GGT AGT TAT ACC GTA AA - #T CGT TTC GTA GAA ACC1920Lys Glu Thr Glu Gln Gly Ser Tyr Thr Val As - #n Arg Phe Val Glu Thr625 6 - #30 6 - #35 6 -#40- GGT AAA GCA CTA CAC GAA GTG ACT TCA ACC CA - #T ACC GCA TTA GTG GGC1968Gly Lys Ala Leu His Glu Val Thr Ser Thr Hi - #s Thr Ala Leu Val Gly# 655- AAC CGT GAA GAA AAA ATA GAA TAT CGT CAT AG - #C AAT AAC CAG CAC CAT2016Asn Arg Glu Glu Lys Ile Glu Tyr Arg His Se - #r Asn Asn Gln His His# 670- GCC GGT TAT TAC ACC AAA GAT ACC TTG AAA GC - #T GTT GAA GAA ATT ATC2064Ala Gly Tyr Tyr Thr Lys Asp Thr Leu Lys Al - #a Val Glu Glu Ile Ile# 685- GGT ACA TCA CAT AAC GAT ATC TTT AAA GGT AG - #T AAG TTC AAT GAT GCC2112Gly Thr Ser His Asn Asp Ile Phe Lys Gly Se - #r Lys Phe Asn Asp Ala# 700- TTT AAC GGT GGT GAT GGT GTC GAT ACT ATT GA - #C GGT AAC GAC GGC AAT2160Phe Asn Gly Gly Asp Gly Val Asp Thr Ile As - #p Gly Asn Asp Gly Asn705 7 - #10 7 - #15 7 -#20- GAC CGC TTA TTT GGT GGT AAA GGC GAT GAT AT - #T CTC GAT GGT GGA AAT2208Asp Arg Leu Phe Gly Gly Lys Gly Asp Asp Il - #e Leu Asp Gly Gly Asn# 735- GGT GAT GAT TTT ATC GAT GGC GGT AAA GGC AA - #C GAC CTA TTA CAC GGT2256Gly Asp Asp Phe Ile Asp Gly Gly Lys Gly As - #n Asp Leu Leu His Gly# 750- GGC AAG GGC GAT GAT ATT TTC GTT CAC CGT AA - #A GGC GAT GGT AAT GAT2304Gly Lys Gly Asp Asp Ile Phe Val His Arg Ly - #s Gly Asp Gly Asn Asp# 765- ATT ATT ACC GAT TCT GAC GGC AAT GAT AAA TT - #A TCA TTC TCT GAT TCG2352Ile Ile Thr Asp Ser Asp Gly Asn Asp Lys Le - #u Ser Phe Ser Asp Ser# 780- AAC TTA AAA GAT TTA ACA TTT GAA AAA GTT AA - #A CAT AAT CTT GTC ATC2400Asn Leu Lys Asp Leu Thr Phe Glu Lys Val Ly - #s His Asn Leu Val Ile785 7 - #90 7 - #95 8 -#00- ACG AAT AGC AAA AAA GAG AAA GTG ACC ATT CA - #A AAC TGG TTC CGA GAG2448Thr Asn Ser Lys Lys Glu Lys Val Thr Ile Gl - #n Asn Trp Phe Arg Glu# 815- GCT GAT TTT GCT AAA GAA GTG CCT AAT TAT AA - #A GCA ACT AAA GAT GAG2496Ala Asp Phe Ala Lys Glu Val Pro Asn Tyr Ly - #s Ala Thr Lys Asp Glu# 830- AAA ATC GAA GAA ATC ATC GGT CAA AAT GGC GA - #G CGG ATC ACC TCA AAG2544Lys Ile Glu Glu Ile Ile Gly Gln Asn Gly Gl - #u Arg Ile Thr Ser Lys# 845- CAA GTT GAT GAT CTT ATC GCA AAA GGT AAC GG - #C AAA ATT ACC CAA GAT2592Gln Val Asp Asp Leu Ile Ala Lys Gly Asn Gl - #y Lys Ile Thr Gln Asp# 860- GAG CTA TCA AAA GTT GTT GAT AAC TAT GAA TT - #G CTC AAA CAT AGC AAA2640Glu Leu Ser Lys Val Val Asp Asn Tyr Glu Le - #u Leu Lys His Ser Lys865 8 - #70 8 - #75 8 -#80- AAT GTG ACA AAC AGC TTA GAT AAG TTA ATC TC - #A TCT GTA AGT GCA TTT2688Asn Val Thr Asn Ser Leu Asp Lys Leu Ile Se - #r Ser Val Ser Ala Phe# 895- ACC TCG TCT AAT GAT TCG AGA AAT GTA TTA GT - #G GCT CCA ACT TCA ATG2736Thr Ser Ser Asn Asp Ser Arg Asn Val Leu Va - #l Ala Pro Thr Ser Met# 910- TTG GAT CAA AGT TTA TCT TCT CTT CAA TTT GC - #T AGG GTA GCT GCT TGT2784Leu Asp Gln Ser Leu Ser Ser Leu Gln Phe Al - #a Arg Ala Ala Cys# 1- AGT TCA CAC ACT CCG GCT CCG GTA GAA AAT GC - #T AAG GAT TTA GCA CCA2832Ser Ser His Thr Pro Ala Pro Val Glu Asn Al - #a Lys Asp Leu Ala Pro# 15- AGT ATT ATC AAA CCG ATT AAT GGT ACA AAC TC - #A ACC GCT TGG GAA CCT2880Ser Ile Ile Lys Pro Ile Asn Gly Thr Asn Se - #r Thr Ala Trp Glu Pro# 35- CAA GTT ATT CAA CAA AAG ATG CCC GAA AGT AT - #G AGA GTG CCG AAA GCA2928Gln Val Ile Gln Gln Lys Met Pro Glu Ser Me - #t Arg Val Pro Lys Ala# 50- ACA AAC TCC ACT TAT CAA CCT GAA ATC ATT CA - #A CAA AAT CAA CAA AAA2976Thr Asn Ser Thr Tyr Gln Pro Glu Ile Ile Gl - #n Gln Asn Gln Gln Lys# 65- ACA GAA TCG ATA GCA AAA AAA CAG GCT CTA CA - #A AAT TTT GAA ATT CCA3024Thr Glu Ser Ile Ala Lys Lys Gln Ala Leu Gl - #n Asn Phe Glu Ile Pro# 80- AGA GAT CCT AAA ACT AAT GTG CCT GTT TAT AG - #C AAA ATT GAT AAG GGT3072Arg Asp Pro Lys Thr Asn Val Pro Val Tyr Se - #r Lys Ile Asp Lys Gly# 95- TTT TAC AAA GGT GAT ACT TAC AAA GTA CGC AA - #A GGC GAT ACC ATG TTT3120Phe Tyr Lys Gly Asp Thr Tyr Lys Val Arg Ly - #s Gly Asp Thr Met Phe100 1 - #05 1 - #10 1 -#15- CTT ATT GCT TAT ATT TCA GGC ATG GAT ATA AA - #A GAA TTG GCC ACA CTA3168Leu Ile Ala Tyr Ile Ser Gly Met Asp Ile Ly - #s Glu Leu Ala Thr Leu# 130- AAT AAT ATG TCT GAG CCA TAT CAT CTG AGT AT - #T GGA CAA GTA TTG AAA3216Asn Asn Met Ser Glu Pro Tyr His Leu Ser Il - #e Gly Gln Val Leu Lys# 145- ATT GCA AAT AAT ATT CCC GAT AGC AAT ATG AT - #A CCA ACA CAG ACA ATA3264Ile Ala Asn Asn Ile Pro Asp Ser Asn Met Il - #e Pro Thr Gln Thr Ile# 160- AAT GAA TCA GAG GTG ACA CAA AAT ACA GTC AA - #T GAG ACA TGG AAT GCT3312Asn Glu Ser Glu Val Thr Gln Asn Thr Val As - #n Glu Thr Trp Asn Ala# 175- AAT AAA CCA ACA AAT GAA CAA ATG AAA CCC GT - #T GCT ACA CCA ACA CAT3360Asn Lys Pro Thr Asn Glu Gln Met Lys Pro Va - #l Ala Thr Pro Thr His180 1 - #85 1 - #90 1 -#95- TCA ACA ATG CCA ATC AAT AAA ACA CCT CCA GC - #C ACC TCA AAT ATA GCT3408Ser Thr Met Pro Ile Asn Lys Thr Pro Pro Al - #a Thr Ser Asn Ile Ala# 210- TGG ATT TGG CCA ACA AAT GGA AAA ATT ATT CA - #A GGA TTT TCC AGT GCT3456Trp Ile Trp Pro Thr Asn Gly Lys Ile Ile Gl - #n Gly Phe Ser Ser Ala# 225- GAT GGA GGC AAT AAA GGT ATT GAT ATT AGC GG - #T TCT CGT GGA CAA GCT3504Asp Gly Gly Asn Lys Gly Ile Asp Ile Ser Gl - #y Ser Arg Gly Gln Ala# 240- GTT AAT GCA GCA GCT GCA TGG ACG CAG TTG TA - #T ATG CCG GAG ACG CTT3552Val Asn Ala Ala Ala Ala Trp Thr Gln Leu Ty - #r Met Pro Glu Thr Leu# 255- TAC GTG GAT ATG GTA ATT TAATTATTAT TAAACATAAT GA - #CAGTTATT3600Tyr Val Asp Met Val Ile260 2 - #65# 3646AAT GAAAGTATCT AGCTAGCTAG CCATGG- (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:8:- (i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:#acids (A) LENGTH: 924 amino (B) TYPE: amino acid (D) TOPOLOGY: linear- (ii) MOLECULE TYPE: protein- (xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:8:- Met Ala Thr Val Ile Asp Leu Ser Phe Pro Ly - #s Thr Gly Ala Lys Lys# 15- Ile Ile Leu Tyr Ile Pro Gln Asn Tyr Gln Ty - #r Asp Thr Glu Gln Gly# 30- Asn Gly Leu Gln Asp Leu Val Lys Ala Ala Gl - #u Glu Leu Gly Ile Glu# 45- Val Gln Arg Glu Glu Arg Asn Asn Ile Ala Th - #r Ala Gln Thr Ser Leu# 60- Gly Thr Ile Gln Thr Ala Ile Gly Leu Thr Gl - #u Arg Gly Ile Val Leu# 80- Ser Ala Pro Gln Ile Asp Lys Leu Leu Gln Ly - #s Thr Lys Ala Gly Gln# 95- Ala Leu Gly Ser Ala Glu Ser Ile Val Gln As - #n Ala Asn Lys Ala Lys# 110- Thr Val Leu Ser Gly Ile Gln Ser Ile Leu Gl - #y Ser Val Leu Ala Gly# 125- Met Asp Leu Asp Glu Ala Leu Gln Asn Asn Se - #r Asn Gln His Ala Leu# 140- Ala Lys Ala Gly Leu Glu Leu Thr Asn Ser Le - #u Ile Glu Asn Ile Ala145 1 - #50 1 - #55 1 -#60- Asn Ser Val Lys Thr Leu Asp Glu Phe Gly Gl - #u Gln Ile Ser Gln Phe# 175- Gly Ser Lys Leu Gln Asn Ile Lys Gly Leu Gl - #y Thr Leu Gly Asp Lys# 190- Leu Lys Asn Ile Gly Gly Leu Asp Lys Ala Gl - #y Leu Gly Leu Asp Val# 205- Ile Ser Gly Leu Leu Ser Gly Ala Thr Ala Al - #a Leu Val Leu Ala Asp# 220- Lys Asn Ala Ser Thr Ala Lys Lys Val Gly Al - #a Gly Phe Glu Leu Ala225 2 - #30 2 - #35 2 -#40- Asn Gln Val Val Gly Asn Ile Thr Lys Ala Va - #l Ser Ser Tyr Ile Leu# 255- Ala Gln Arg Val Ala Ala Gly Leu Ser Ser Th - #r Gly Pro Val Ala Ala# 270- Leu Ile Ala Ser Thr Val Ser Leu Ala Ile Se - #r Pro Leu Ala Phe Ala# 285- Gly Ile Ala Asp Lys Phe Asn His Ala Lys Se - #r Leu Glu Ser Tyr Ala# 300- Glu Arg Phe Lys Lys Leu Gly Tyr Asp Gly As - #p Asn Leu Leu Ala Glu305 3 - #10 3 - #15 3 -#20- Tyr Gln Arg Gly Thr Gly Thr Ile Asp Ala Se - #r Val Thr Ala Ile Asn# 335- Thr Ala Leu Ala Ala Ile Ala Gly Gly Val Se - #r Ala Ala Ala Ala Gly# 350- Ser Val Ile Ala Ser Pro Ile Ala Leu Leu Va - #l Ser Gly Ile Thr Gly# 365- Val Ile Ser Thr Ile Leu Gln Tyr Ser Lys Gl - #n Ala Met Phe Glu His# 380- Val Ala Asn Lys Ile His Asn Lys Ile Val Gl - #u Trp Glu Lys Asn Asn385 3 - #90 3 - #95 4 -#00- His Gly Lys Asn Tyr Phe Glu Asn Gly Tyr As - #p Ala Arg Tyr Leu Ala# 415- Asn Leu Gln Asp Asn Met Lys Phe Leu Leu As - #n Leu Asn Lys Glu Leu# 430- Gln Ala Glu Arg Val Ile Ala Ile Thr Gln Gl - #n Gln Trp Asp Asn Asn# 445- Ile Gly Asp Leu Ala Gly Ile Ser Arg Leu Gl - #y Glu Lys Val Leu Ser# 460- Gly Lys Ala Tyr Val Asp Ala Phe Glu Glu Gl - #y Lys His Ile Lys Ala465 4 - #70 4 - #75 4 -#80- Asp Lys Leu Val Gln Leu Asp Ser Ala Asn Gl - #y Ile Ile Asp Val Ser# 495- Asn Ser Gly Lys Ala Lys Thr Gln His Ile Le - #u Phe Arg Thr Pro Leu# 510- Leu Thr Pro Gly Thr Glu His Arg Glu Arg Va - #l Gln Thr Gly Lys Tyr# 525- Glu Tyr Ile Thr Lys Leu Asn Ile Asn Arg Va - #l Asp Ser Trp Lys Ile# 540- Thr Asp Gly Ala Ala Ser Ser Thr Phe Asp Le - #u Thr Asn Val Val Gln545 5 - #50 5 - #55 5 -#60- Arg Ile Gly Ile Glu Leu Asp Asn Ala Gly As - #n Val Thr Lys Thr Lys# 575- Glu Thr Lys Ile Ile Ala Lys Leu Gly Glu Gl - #y Asp Asp Asn Val Phe# 590- Val Gly Ser Gly Thr Thr Glu Ile Asp Gly Gl - #y Glu Gly Tyr Asp Arg# 605- Val His Tyr Ser Arg Gly Asn Tyr Gly Ala Le - #u Thr Ile Asp Ala Thr# 620- Lys Glu Thr Glu Gln Gly Ser Tyr Thr Val As - #n Arg Phe Val Glu Thr625 6 - #30 6 - #35 6 -#40- Gly Lys Ala Leu His Glu Val Thr Ser Thr Hi - #s Thr Ala Leu Val Gly# 655- Asn Arg Glu Glu Lys Ile Glu Tyr Arg His Se - #r Asn Asn Gln His His# 670- Ala Gly Tyr Tyr Thr Lys Asp Thr Leu Lys Al - #a Val Glu Glu Ile Ile# 685- Gly Thr Ser His Asn Asp Ile Phe Lys Gly Se - #r Lys Phe Asn Asp Ala# 700- Phe Asn Gly Gly Asp Gly Val Asp Thr Ile As - #p Gly Asn Asp Gly Asn705 7 - #10 7 - #15 7 -#20- Asp Arg Leu Phe Gly Gly Lys Gly Asp Asp Il - #e Leu Asp Gly Gly Asn# 735- Gly Asp Asp Phe Ile Asp Gly Gly Lys Gly As - #n Asp Leu Leu His Gly# 750- Gly Lys Gly Asp Asp Ile Phe Val His Arg Ly - #s Gly Asp Gly Asn Asp# 765- Ile Ile Thr Asp Ser Asp Gly Asn Asp Lys Le - #u Ser Phe Ser Asp Ser# 780- Asn Leu Lys Asp Leu Thr Phe Glu Lys Val Ly - #s His Asn Leu Val Ile785 7 - #90 7 - #95 8 -#00- Thr Asn Ser Lys Lys Glu Lys Val Thr Ile Gl - #n Asn Trp Phe Arg Glu# 815- Ala Asp Phe Ala Lys Glu Val Pro Asn Tyr Ly - #s Ala Thr Lys Asp Glu# 830- Lys Ile Glu Glu Ile Ile Gly Gln Asn Gly Gl - #u Arg Ile Thr Ser Lys# 845- Gln Val Asp Asp Leu Ile Ala Lys Gly Asn Gl - #y Lys Ile Thr Gln Asp# 860- Glu Leu Ser Lys Val Val Asp Asn Tyr Glu Le - #u Leu Lys His Ser Lys865 8 - #70 8 - #75 8 -#80- Asn Val Thr Asn Ser Leu Asp Lys Leu Ile Se - #r Ser Val Ser Ala Phe# 895- Thr Ser Ser Asn Asp Ser Arg Asn Val Leu Va - #l Ala Pro Thr Ser Met# 910- Leu Asp Gln Ser Leu Ser Ser Leu Gln Phe Al - #a Arg# 920- (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:9:- (i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:#acids (A) LENGTH: 265 amino (B) TYPE: amino acid (D) TOPOLOGY: linear- (ii) MOLECULE TYPE: protein- (xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:9:- Ala Ala Cys Ser Ser His Thr Pro Ala Pro Va - #l Glu Asn Ala Lys Asp# 15- Leu Ala Pro Ser Ile Ile Lys Pro Ile Asn Gl - #y Thr Asn Ser Thr Ala# 30- Trp Glu Pro Gln Val Ile Gln Gln Lys Met Pr - #o Glu Ser Met Arg Val# 45- Pro Lys Ala Thr Asn Ser Thr Tyr Gln Pro Gl - #u Ile Ile Gln Gln Asn# 60- Gln Gln Lys Thr Glu Ser Ile Ala Lys Lys Gl - #n Ala Leu Gln Asn Phe# 80- Glu Ile Pro Arg Asp Pro Lys Thr Asn Val Pr - #o Val Tyr Ser Lys Ile# 95- Asp Lys Gly Phe Tyr Lys Gly Asp Thr Tyr Ly - #s Val Arg Lys Gly Asp# 110- Thr Met Phe Leu Ile Ala Tyr Ile Ser Gly Me - #t Asp Ile Lys Glu Leu# 125- Ala Thr Leu Asn Asn Met Ser Glu Pro Tyr Hi - #s Leu Ser Ile Gly Gln# 140- Val Leu Lys Ile Ala Asn Asn Ile Pro Asp Se - #r Asn Met Ile Pro Thr145 1 - #50 1 - #55 1 -#60- Gln Thr Ile Asn Glu Ser Glu Val Thr Gln As - #n Thr Val Asn Glu Thr# 175- Trp Asn Ala Asn Lys Pro Thr Asn Glu Gln Me - #t Lys Pro Val Ala Thr# 190- Pro Thr His Ser Thr Met Pro Ile Asn Lys Th - #r Pro Pro Ala Thr Ser# 205- Asn Ile Ala Trp Ile Trp Pro Thr Asn Gly Ly - #s Ile Ile Gln Gly Phe# 220- Ser Ser Ala Asp Gly Gly Asn Lys Gly Ile As - #p Ile Ser Gly Ser Arg225 2 - #30 2 - #35 2 -#40- Gly Gln Ala Val Asn Ala Ala Ala Ala Trp Th - #r Gln Leu Tyr Met Pro# 255- Glu Thr Leu Tyr Val Asp Met Val Ile# 265- (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:10:- (i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:#pairs (A) LENGTH: 33 base (B) TYPE: nucleic acid (C) STRANDEDNESS: single (D) TOPOLOGY: linear- (ii) MOLECULE TYPE: DNA (genomic)- (ix) FEATURE: (A) NAME/KEY: misc.sub.-- - #difference#"") (B) LOCATION: replace(17,#/note= "This base differs from the#sequence." wild-type- (xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:10:# 33 GGTA ATGAAAAAAA TAA__________________________________________________________________________

Number	Name	Date	Kind
4877613	Vedros et al.	Oct 1989
4981685	Healey	Jan 1991

Nucleic acid molecules encoding Haemophilus somnus proteins

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US Referenced Citations (2)

Non-Patent Literature Citations (29)

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Continuation in Parts (1)

Entry
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