Patent Application
20250198448
The present disclosure relates generally to nut retainer assemblies for blind fastener systems and, particularly, to nut retainer assemblies suitable for bonding to a substrate and used to retain a fastener nut for subsequent engagement by a fastener bolt. The retained fastener nut and the fastener bolt being used to join multiple substrates together. Various examples of the nut retainer assemblies and blind fastener systems are described. Various methods for assembling nut retainer assemblies on substrates are also described. Various configurations of the nut retainer assemblies provide a pre-installed fastener nut on a blind side of one substrate for one-sided installation of the fastener bolt from a working side of another substrate.
Future airplane wing box architectures are getting smaller, which generates confined space and the need for a different fastening system that enables assembly from the outer mold line of the wing (e.g., skin/shear ties and skin/spar). The traditional nut plate styles are not applicable to the need for fuel tank and electromagnetic effect requirements. Current designs for nut retainers and one-sided fastener systems either are not able to take the required torque needed in high strength applications and or require the nut retainer to be mechanically attached to the substructure for them to work. Additionally, the current two-piece fastener systems far outperform any one-sided fastener system.
Accordingly, those skilled in the art continue with research and development efforts to improve one-sided fastener systems for joining multiple substrates.
Disclosed are examples of nut retainer assemblies for blind fastener systems, blind fastener systems and methods for assembling nut retainer assemblies on substrates. The following is a non-exhaustive list of examples, which may or may not be claimed, of the subject matter according to the present disclosure.
In an example, a nut retainer assembly for a blind fastener system includes a bond washer and a nut retainer. The bond washer defines a longitudinal axis extending from a proximal washer end to a distal washer end. The bond washer includes a flange portion, a washer coupling portion, a first interior surface, a second interior surface and a bonding surface. The flange portion is at the proximal washer end. The washer coupling portion extends from the flange portion to the distal washer end. The first interior surface is associated with the flange portion and defines a first aperture. The second interior surface is associated with the washer coupling portion and includes internal threads. The bonding surface is associated with the flange portion at the proximal washer end. The nut retainer defines a proximal retainer end and a distal retainer end along the longitudinal axis and extending the longitudinal axis from the distal washer end to the distal retainer end. The nut retainer includes a retainer coupling portion, a nut retaining portion, a first exterior surface and a third interior surface. The retainer coupling portion at the proximal retainer end. The nut retaining portion extends from the retainer coupling portion to the distal retainer end. The first exterior surface is associated with the retainer coupling portion. The third interior surface is associated with the retainer coupling portion and the nut retaining portion. The third interior surface defines a central opening extending from the proximal retainer end to the distal retainer end.
In an example, another nut retainer assembly for a blind fastener system includes a nut retainer. The nut retainer defines a longitudinal axis extending from a proximal retainer end to a distal retainer end. The nut retainer includes a flange portion, a nut retaining portion, a sixth interior surface and a bonding surface. The flange portion at the proximal retainer end. The nut retaining portion extends from the flange portion to the distal retainer end. The sixth interior surface is associated with the flange portion and the nut retaining portion. The sixth interior surface defines a central opening extending from the proximal retainer end to the distal retainer end. The bonding surface associated with the flange portion at the proximal retainer end.
In an example, a blind fastener system includes a fastener bolt, a first substrate, a second substrate, a fastener nut and a nut retainer assembly. The fastener bolt includes a head portion, a shank portion and a threaded portion. The first substrate includes a first through hole sized to provide a first clearance fit for the fastener bolt and defines a first clamping surface to receive the fastener bolt. The first substrate also defines a first working surface. The second substrate includes a second through hole sized to provide a second clearance fit for the fastener bolt and defining a second clamping surface facing the first clamping surface. The second substrate also includes a second working surface to receive the fastener bolt. The fastener nut is for placement on the first working surface of the first substrate over the first through bore. The fastener nut includes a threaded bore. The nut retainer assembly defines a central opening sized and shaped to fit over and retain the fastener nut on the first working surface of the first substrate. The nut retainer assembly includes a bonding surface bordering the central opening. With the fastener nut disposed within the central opening, at least a portion of the bonding surface is bonded to the first working surface of the first substrate such that the second through hole of the second substrate, the first through hole of the first substrate and the threaded bore of the fastener nut provide for insertion of the fastener bolt and threaded engagement of the threaded portion of the fastener bolt with the threaded bore of the fastener nut.
In an example, a method for assembling a nut retainer assembly on a substrate includes: (1) predrilling a hole through the substrate at a predetermined location for the nut retainer assembly; (2) applying an adhesive to at least a portion of a bonding surface on a bond washer of the nut retainer assembly; (3) bonding the bond washer over the hole in the substrate using the adhesive such that the hole is centered in relation to a first aperture through the bond washer; (4) positioning a fastener nut over the bond washer; (5) positioning a nut retainer with a central opening over the fastener nut and the bond washer, the nut retainer having external threads for engagement with internal threads of the bond washer, the central opening providing a clearance fit for the fastener nut; and (6) turning the nut retainer into threaded engagement with the bond washer to retain the fastener nut within the nut retainer assembly on the substrate.
In an example, another method for assembling a nut retainer assembly on a substrate includes: (1) predrilling a hole through the substrate at a predetermined location for the nut retainer assembly; (2) applying an adhesive to at least a portion of a bonding surface on a nut retainer of the nut retainer assembly; (3) positioning a fastener nut in a central opening of the nut retainer, the central opening providing a clearance fit for the fastener nut; and (4) bonding the nut retainer over the hole in the substrate using the adhesive such that the hole is centered in relation to the central opening and the fastener nut is retained within the nut retainer assembly on the substrate.
Other examples of the disclosed nut retainer assemblies for blind fastener systems, blind fastener systems and methods for assembling nut retainer assemblies on substrates will become apparent from the following detailed description, the accompanying drawings and the appended claims.
The various examples of nut retainer assemblies and blind fastener systems disclosed herein provide a high torque bonded nut retainer assembly for high strength one-sided fastener applications. Various configurations allow existing fasteners (e.g., fastener bolts and fastener nuts) to be installed in a one-sided application without damage and/or modifying the underlying substructure. The nut retainer assemblies can be used in locations where it is not desirable to add additional retaining features and/or damage the substrate material for the nut to be locked in place. The nut retainer assemblies utilize bond strength to counteract the torque of the fastener. The nut retainer assemblies and blind fastener systems can be used with off-the-shelf fastening standards with known characteristics and requirements. This eliminates or reduces the need to test the joint configuration.
The various examples of nut retainer assemblies rely on a bonded surface to retain the nut until the fastener has sufficient clamp up force with the substructure. Once the sufficient clamp up force is achieved, the fastener nut takes the compressive load until a final torque is achieved. The bonded surface area is between a bonding surface on the nut retainer assembly and a working surface of a substate. The bond needs to be held just long enough such that the nut can clamp up on the surface. If there is not sufficient bonding area, the nut cannot clamp up. Torque values tested met or exceeded head side drive torque limits for brass, aluminum, titanium, A286, 300-series corrosion-resistant steel and Inconel/nickel alloy 718 fasteners with nuts. The nut retainer assemblies can be used in applications requiring a structural one-sided fastener and, particularly, in locations where there is insufficient access to install a two-part fastener system. The bonded nut retainers can be preinstalled on the substrate, then head side drive fasteners can be installed from an exterior working surface of another substrate.
Referring generally to
With reference again to
The nut retainer 124 defines a proximal retainer end 126 and a distal retainer end 128 along the longitudinal axis 104 and extends the longitudinal axis 104 from the distal washer end 108 to the distal retainer end 128. The nut retainer 124 includes a retainer coupling portion 130, a nut retaining portion 132, a first exterior surface 134 and a third interior surface 136. The retainer coupling portion 130 is at the proximal retainer end 126. The nut retaining portion 132 extends from the retainer coupling portion 130 to the distal retainer end 128. The first exterior surface 134 is associated with the retainer coupling portion 130. The third interior surface 136 is associated with the retainer coupling portion 130 and the nut retaining portion 132. The third interior surface 136 defines a central opening 138 extending from the proximal retainer end 126 to the distal retainer end 128.
In another example of the nut retainer assembly 100, the bond washer 102 includes a metal material. In a further example, the metal material includes titanium, tungsten carbide, tungsten, high-strength corrosion-resistant steel, stainless steel or any other suitable metal material in any suitable combination.
In yet another example of the nut retainer assembly 100, the nut retainer 124 includes a metal material. In a further example, the metal material includes titanium, tungsten carbide, tungsten, high-strength corrosion-resistant steel, stainless steel or any other suitable metal material in any suitable combination.
In still another example of the nut retainer assembly 100, the bond washer 102 is configured to be bonded to a working surface 202 of a substrate 204 using an adhesive 306. The bond washer 102 being positioned over a predetermined location 402 for a hole 404 through which a fastener bolt 206 is subsequently inserted from a clamping surface 208 of the substrate 204 for engagement with a fastener nut 140 retained by the nut retainer assembly 100.
In a further example, the adhesive 306 includes a BAC1010 adhesive, a type 111 adhesive, an EA 9394 adhesive, a BAC5010 adhesive, a type 106 adhesive, a type 70 adhesive, a type 117 adhesive or any other suitable adhesive in any suitable combination. In another further example, the hole 404 includes pilot hole 406 predrilled at the predetermined location 402 in conjunction with the bond washer 102 being bonded to the working surface 202 of the substrate 204. In yet another further example, the hole 404 includes a full-sized hole 408 predrilled at the predetermined location 402 in conjunction with the bond washer 102 being bonded to the working surface 202 of the substrate 204.
In still yet another example of the nut retainer assembly 100, the third interior surface 136 associated with the retainer coupling portion 130 and the nut retaining portion 132 is sized and shaped to fit over a fastener nut 140 between the nut retainer 124 and the bond washer 102. In this example, the first exterior surface 134 associated with the retainer coupling portion 130 is threaded for engagement with the internal threads 120 in the washer coupling portion 112 to retain the fastener nut 140 between the nut retainer 124 and the bond washer 102.
In a further example, the nut retainer 124 also includes a second exterior surface 142 associated with the nut retaining portion 132 extending from the retainer coupling portion 130 to the distal retainer end 128. In this example, the second exterior surface 142 associated with the nut retaining portion 132 is sized and shaped to provide a torquing feature 144 proximate the distal retainer end 128 for securing the nut retainer 124 within the nut retainer assembly 100 and for removing the nut retainer 124 from the nut retainer assembly 100. In an even further example, the torquing feature 144 includes a 4-point torquing feature, a 6-point torquing feature, a 12-point torquing feature or any other suitable shape for the torquing feature 148.
In another further example, the third interior surface 136 associated with the retainer coupling portion 130 and the nut retaining portion 132 of the nut retainer 124 is sized and shaped to provide a first horizontal float 502 between a compressive feature 146 of the fastener nut 140 and the nut retainer 124 and a second horizontal float 503 between a torquing feature 148 of the fastener nut 140 and the nut retainer 124. In an even further example, the first horizontal float 502 includes 20 thousandths of an inch, 18 thousandths to 22 thousandths of an inch, 15 thousandths to 25 thousandths of an inch or any other suitable dimension or range of dimensions for the first horizontal float 502. In another even further example, the second horizontal float 503 includes 9 thousandths of an inch, 7 thousandths to 11 thousandths of an inch, 5 thousandths to 13 thousandths of an inch or any other suitable dimension or range of dimensions for the second horizontal float 503.
In yet another further example, the third interior surface 136 associated with the retainer coupling portion 130 is sized and shaped to provide a vertical float 504 between a compressive feature 146 of the fastener nut 140 and the nut retainer 124. In an even further example, the vertical float 504 includes five thousandths of an inch, four thousandths to six thousandths of an inch, three thousandths to seven thousandths of an inch or any other suitable dimension or range of dimensions for the vertical float 504.
In still another further example, a portion of the central opening 138 proximate the distal retainer end 128 is sized and shaped to provide a clearance fit for a torquing feature 148 of the fastener nut 140 while preventing the fastener nut 140 from turning when it is retained between the nut retainer 124 and the bond washer 102. In an even further example, the portion of the central opening 138 proximate the distal retainer end 128 is sized to fit the torquing feature 148 a ¼ inch fastener nut, a 5/16 inch fastener nut, a ⅜ inch fastener nut, a 7/16 inch fastener nut, a ½ inch fastener nut, a 9/16 inch fastener nut, a ⅝ inch fastener nut, an 11/16 inch fastener nut, a ¾ inch fastener nut, a 13/16 inch fastener nut, a ⅞ inch fastener nut, a 15/16 inch fastener nut, a one inch fastener nut or any other suitable dimension for the fastener nut 140. In another even further example, the portion of the central opening 138 proximate the distal retainer end 128 is sized to fit the torquing feature 148 of a 6 mm fastener nut, a 8 mm fastener nut, a 9 mm fastener nut, a 10 mm fastener nut, an 11 mm fastener nut, a 12 mm fastener nut, a 13 mm fastener nut, a 14 mm fastener nut, a 15 mm fastener nut, a 16 mm fastener nut, a 17 mm fastener nut, a 18 mm fastener nut, a 19 mm fastener nut, a 20 mm fastener nut or any other suitable dimension for the fastener nut 140. In yet another even further example, the portion of the central opening 138 proximate the distal retainer end 128 is shaped to fit the torquing feature 148 of a 4-point fastener nut, a 6-point fastener nut, a 12-point fastener nut or any other suitable shape for the torquing feature 148.
In another example of the nut retainer assembly 100, the nut retainer 124 also includes a grip retainer extension 602 between the proximal retainer end 126 and the distal retainer end 128. In a further example, the grip retainer extension 602 enables the nut retainer assembly 100 to be used for a fastener bolt 206 with a longer grip length.
In yet another example, the nut retainer assembly 100 also includes a grip extension washer 604 disposed within the central opening 138 at the proximal retainer end 126 between a fastener nut 140 retained within the nut retainer 124 and the bond washer 102. In a further example, the grip extension washer 604 enables the nut retainer assembly 100 to be used for a fastener bolt 206 with a longer grip length.
In still another example, the nut retainer assembly 100 also includes a nonconductive cap 702 to protect an operational environment within which the nut retainer assembly 100 is used from electromagnetic emissions and electrical sparks discharged by metal components 102, 124 of the nut retainer assembly 100 and metal fasteners 140, 206 associated therewith. A third exterior surface 704 associated with the washer coupling portion 112 is configured to receive and engage with the nonconductive cap 702.
In still yet another example of the nut retainer assembly 100, a fourth interior surface 706 associated with the nonconductive cap 702 and the third exterior surface 704 of the washer coupling portion 112 are threaded for engagement of the nonconductive cap 702 on the bond washer 102.
In a further example, a fourth interior surface 706 associated with the nonconductive cap 702 and the third exterior surface 704 of the washer coupling portion 112 are configured for twist-lock engagement.
In another further example, the nonconductive cap 702 is transparent to permit internal inspection after the nut retainer assembly 100 is assembled with a fastener nut 140 retained therein.
In yet another further example, the nonconductive cap 702 includes a transparent polymer material. In an even further example, the transparent polymer material includes a transparent nylon material, a nylon TMDT material, a nylon 6-3-T material, a trimethylhexamethylenediamine material, a dimethyl terephthalate material or any other suitable transparent polymer material in any suitable combination.
In still another further example, the nonconductive cap 702 includes a port 708 for receipt of a nonconductive sealant between a fourth interior surface 706 associated with the nonconductive cap 702 and the third exterior surface 704 associated with the washer coupling portion 112 after the nut retainer assembly 100 is assembled with a fastener nut 140 retained therein to enhance protection of the operational environment from electromagnetic emissions and electrical sparks discharged by metal components 102, 124 of the nut retainer assembly 100 and metal fasteners 140, 206 associated therewith.
In another example of the nut retainer assembly 100, the retainer coupling portion 130 includes external threads 150 for engagement with the internal threads 120 in the washer coupling portion 112 to retain a fastener nut 140 between the nut retainer 124 and the bond washer 102. After the retainer coupling portion 130 and the washer coupling portion 112 are fully engaged, the proximal retainer end 126 sits on the flange portion 110 of the bond washer 102 and at least a portion of a compressive feature 146 of the fastener nut 140 sits on the flange portion 110.
In a further example, the bonding surface 122 of the bond washer 102 includes a recessed area 302 along a peripheral portion 304 of the bonding surface 122 for receipt of an adhesive 306 and a contact area 308 extending from the recessed area 302 to the first aperture 116 of the flange portion 110. In an even further example, the adhesive 306 includes a BAC1010 adhesive, a type 111 adhesive, an EA 9394 adhesive, a BAC5010 adhesive, a type 106 adhesive, a type 70 adhesive, a type 117 adhesive or any other suitable adhesive in any suitable combination. In another even further example, the recessed area 302 is recessed in relation to the contact area 308 by five thousandths of an inch, four thousandths to six thousandths of an inch, three thousandths to seven thousandths of an inch or any other suitable dimension for the recess. In yet another even further example, the bond washer 102 is configured to be bonded to a working surface 202 of a substrate 204 using the adhesive 306. The bond washer 102 being positioned over a predetermined location 402 for a hole 404 through which a fastener bolt 206 is subsequently inserted from a clamping surface 208 of the substrate 204 for engagement with a fastener nut 140 retained by the nut retainer assembly 100.
In another further example, the first aperture 116 in the flange portion 110 of the bond washer 102 is sized to provide a clearance fit for a fastener bolt 206 associated with the fastener nut 140. In this example, the third interior surface 136 associated with the retainer coupling portion 130 defines a second aperture 506 wider than the first aperture 116 and sized to provide a clearance fit for the fastener nut 140 at the proximal retainer end 126.
In yet another example of the nut retainer assembly 100, the third interior surface 136 associated with the retainer coupling portion 130 defines a second aperture 506 wider than the first aperture 116 and sized to provide a clearance fit for the fastener nut 140 at the proximal retainer end 126. In this example, the nut retainer assembly 100 also includes a seal washer 802 disposed within the first aperture 116 and affixed to the first interior surface 114 associated with the flange portion 110 of the bond washer 102 after the nut retainer 124 and the bond washer 102 are assembled with a fastener nut 140 retained therein. In a further example, the first aperture 116 is sized to provide an interference fit for the seal washer 802. The seal washer 802 defines a third aperture 804 sized to provide an interference fit for a fastener bolt 206 associated with the fastener nut 140.
In another further example, the seal washer 802 includes a nonconductive polymer material. In an even further example, the nonconductive polymer material includes a polyether ether ketone material, a polyaryle ether ketone material, a polyether ketone material, a polyether ketone ether ketone ketone material, a polyetherimide material or any other suitable nonconductive polymer material. In yet another further example, the seal washer 802 enhances protection of an operational environment within which the nut retainer assembly 100 is used from electromagnetic emissions and electrical sparks discharged by metal components 102, 124 of the nut retainer assembly 100 and metal fasteners 140, 206 associated therewith. In still another further example, the seal washer 802 acts as a fluid barrier in relation to the blind fastener system 200. In still yet another further example, the seal washer 802 extends from the first interior surface 114 associated with the flange portion 110 of the bond washer 102 to at least part of a non-threaded bore 806 in the compressive feature 146 of the fastener nut 140.
In still another example of the nut retainer assembly 100, the washer coupling portion 112 defines a fourth aperture 152 wider than the first aperture 116 in the flange portion 110 of the bond washer 102 thereby defining an inner portion 1102 of the flange portion 110 extending from the washer coupling portion 112 to the first aperture 116 and an outer portion 1104 extending from the washer coupling portion 112 to a fourth exterior surface 1106 associated with the flange portion 110.
In a further example, the nut retainer assembly 100 also includes a retention washer 1002 with a fifth interior surface 1004, a lip portion 1108 and a nut support portion 1110. The fifth interior surface 1004 defining a fifth aperture 1112. The lip portion 1108 having a first thickness 1202. The nut support portion 1110 having a second thickness 1204 greater than the first thickness 1202. The retention washer 1002 disposed within the fourth aperture 152 of the washer coupling portion 112 with the lip portion 1108 overlaying the inner portion 1102 of the flange portion 110 for the bond washer 102 and the nut support portion 1110 extending into the first aperture 116 of the flange portion 110.
In another further example, the retention washer 1002 includes a metal material. In an even further example, the metal material includes titanium, tungsten carbide, tungsten, high-strength corrosion-resistant steel, stainless steel or any other suitable metal material in any suitable combination. In yet another further example, the first aperture 116 in the flange portion 110 of the bond washer 102 is sized to provide a clearance fit for the nut support portion 1110 of the retention washer 1002. The fourth aperture 152 of the washer coupling portion 112 is sized to provide a clearance fit for the lip portion 1108 of the retention washer 1002. The fifth aperture 1112 of the retention washer 1002 is sized to provide a clearance fit for a fastener bolt 206 associated with a fastener nut 140. In still another further example, the third interior surface 136 associated with the retainer coupling portion 130 and the nut retaining portion 132 of the nut retainer 124 is sized and shaped to fit over a fastener nut 140 between the nut retainer 124 and the retention washer 1002.
In still yet another further example, the retainer coupling portion 130 includes external threads 150 for engagement with the internal threads 120 in the washer coupling portion 112 to retain a fastener nut 140 between the nut retainer 124 and the retention washer 1002. After the retainer coupling portion 130 and the washer coupling portion 112 are fully engaged, the proximal retainer end 126 sits on the lip portion 1108 of the retention washer 1002, at least a portion of a compressive feature 146 of the fastener nut 140 sits on the nut support portion 1110 of the retention washer 1002 and the nut support portion 1110 of the retention washer 1002 extends beyond the first aperture 116 in the flange portion 110 of the bond washer 102 to provide a contact surface 1206 configured to sit on a working surface 202 of a substrate 204 prior to the bond washer 102.
In another further example, the nut retainer 124 also includes a grip retainer extension 602 between the proximal retainer end 126 and the distal retainer end 128. In yet another further example, the nut retainer assembly 100 also includes a grip extension washer 604 disposed within the central opening 138 at the proximal retainer end 126 between a fastener nut 140 retained within the nut retainer 124 and the retention washer 1002.
In still another further example, the nut retainer assembly 100 also includes a seal washer 802 disposed within the fifth aperture 1112 of the retention washer 1002 and affixed to the fifth interior surface 1004 associated with the retention washer 1002 after the nut retainer 124, the retention washer 1002 and the bond washer 102 are assembled with a fastener nut 140 retained therein. In an even further example, the fifth aperture 1112 of the retention washer 1002 is sized to provide an interference fit for the seal washer 802 and the seal washer 802 defines a third aperture 804 sized to provide an interference fit for a fastener bolt 206 associated with the fastener nut 140. In another even further example, the seal washer 802 includes a nonconductive polymer material. In an even yet further example, the nonconductive polymer material includes a polyether ether ketone material, a polyaryle ether ketone material, a polyether ketone material, a polyether ketone ether ketone ketone material, a polyetherimide material or any other suitable nonconductive polymer material in any suitable combination.
In yet another even further example, the seal washer 802 enhances protection of an operational environment within which the nut retainer assembly 100 is used from electromagnetic emissions and electrical sparks discharged by metal components 102, 124, 1002 of the nut retainer assembly 100 and metal fasteners 140, 206 associated therewith. In still another even further example, the seal washer 802 acts as a fluid barrier in relation to the blind fastener system 200. In still yet another even further example, the seal washer 802 extends from the fifth interior surface 1004 associated with the retention washer 1002 to at least part of a non-threaded bore 806 in a compressive feature 146 of the fastener nut 140.
Referring generally to
With reference again to
In another example of the nut retainer assembly 100, the nut retainer 124 includes a metal material. In a further example, the metal material includes titanium, tungsten carbide, tungsten, high-strength corrosion-resistant steel, stainless steel or any other suitable metal material in any suitable combination.
In yet another example of the nut retainer assembly 100, the nut retainer 124 is configured to be bonded to a working surface 202 of a substrate 204 using an adhesive 306. The nut retainer 124 being positioned over a fastener nut 140 at a predetermined location 402 for a hole 404 through which a fastener bolt 206 is subsequently inserted from a clamping surface 208 of the substrate 204 for engagement with the fastener nut 140 retained between the nut retainer 124 and the working surface 202. In a further example, the adhesive 306 includes a BAC1010 adhesive, a type 111 adhesive, an EA 9394 adhesive, a BAC5010 adhesive, a type 106 adhesive, a type 70 adhesive, a type 117 adhesive or any other suitable adhesive in any suitable combination. In another further example, the hole 404 includes a pilot hole 406 predrilled at the predetermined location 402 in conjunction with the nut retainer 124 being bonded to the working surface 202 of the substrate 204. In yet another further example, the hole 404 includes a full-sized hole 408 predrilled at the predetermined location 402 in conjunction with the nut retainer 124 being bonded to the working surface 202 of the substrate 204.
In still another example of the nut retainer assembly 100, the sixth interior surface 1502 associated with the flange portion 110 and the nut retaining portion 132 is sized and shaped to fit over a fastener nut 140 between the nut retainer 124 and a working surface 202 of a substrate 204.
In a further example, the sixth interior surface 1502 associated with the flange portion 110 and the nut retaining portion 132 is sized and shaped to provide a first horizontal float 502 between a compressive feature 146 of the fastener nut 140 and the nut retainer 124 and a second horizontal float 503 between a torquing feature 148 of the fastener nut 140 and the nut retainer 124. In an even further example, the first horizontal float 502 includes 20 thousandths of an inch, 18 thousandths to 22 thousandths of an inch, 15 thousandths to 25 thousandths of an inch or any other suitable dimension for the first horizontal float 502. In another even further example, the second horizontal float 503 includes 9 thousandths of an inch, 7 thousandths to 11 thousandths of an inch, 5 thousandths to 13 thousandths of an inch or any other suitable dimension for the second horizontal float 503.
In another further example, the sixth interior surface 1502 associated with the flange portion 110 and an adjacent part of the nut retaining portion 132 is sized and shaped to provide a vertical float 504 between a compressive feature 146 of the fastener nut 140 and the nut retainer 124. In an even further example, the vertical float 504 includes five thousandths of an inch, four thousandths to six thousandths of an inch, three thousandths to seven thousandths of an inch or any other suitable dimension for the vertical float 504.
In yet another further example, a portion of the central opening 138 proximate the distal retainer end 128 is sized and shaped to provide a clearance fit for a torquing feature 148 of the fastener nut 140 while preventing the fastener nut 140 from turning when it is retained between the nut retainer 124 and the working surface 202 of the substrate 204. In an even further example, the portion of the central opening 138 proximate the distal retainer end 128 is sized to fit the torquing feature 148 of a ¼ inch fastener nut, a 5/16 inch fastener nut, a ⅜ inch fastener nut, a 7/16 inch fastener nut, a ½ inch fastener nut, a 9/16 inch fastener nut, a ⅝ inch fastener nut, an 11/16 inch fastener nut, a ¾ inch fastener nut, a 13/16 inch fastener nut, a ⅞ inch fastener nut, a 15/16 inch fastener nut, a one inch fastener nut or any other suitable dimension for the fastener nut 140. In another even further example, the portion of the central opening 138 proximate the distal retainer end 128 is sized to fit the torquing feature 148 of a 6 mm fastener nut, a 8 mm fastener nut, a 9 mm fastener nut, a 10 mm fastener nut, an 11 mm fastener nut, a 12 mm fastener nut, a 13 mm fastener nut, a 14 mm fastener nut, a 15 mm fastener nut, a 16 mm fastener nut, a 17 mm fastener nut, a 18 mm fastener nut, a 19 mm fastener nut, a 20 mm fastener nut or any other suitable dimension for the fastener nut 140. In yet another even further example, the portion of the central opening 138 proximate the distal retainer end 128 is shaped to fit the torquing feature 148 of a 4-point fastener nut, a 6-point fastener nut, a 12-point fastener nut or any other suitable shape for the torquing feature 148.
In still yet another example of the nut retainer assembly 100, the nut retainer 124 also includes a grip retainer extension 602 between the proximal retainer end 126 and the distal retainer end 128. In a further example, the grip retainer extension 602 enables the nut retainer assembly 100 to be used for a fastener bolt 206 with a longer grip length. In another example of the nut retainer assembly 100, the nut retainer assembly 100 also includes a grip extension washer 604 disposed within the central opening 138 at the proximal retainer end 126 between a fastener nut 140 retained within the nut retainer 124 and a substrate 204. In a further example, the grip extension washer 604 enables the nut retainer assembly 100 to be used for a fastener bolt 206 with a longer grip length.
In yet another example of the nut retainer assembly 100, the nut retainer assembly 100 also includes a nonconductive cap 702 to protect an operational environment within which the nut retainer assembly 100 is used from electromagnetic emissions and electrical sparks discharged by metal components 124 of the nut retainer assembly 100 and metal fasteners 140, 206 associated therewith. The first exterior surface 134 associated with the nut retainer 124 is configured to receive and engage with the nonconductive cap 702. In a further example, a fourth interior surface 706 associated with the nonconductive cap 702 and the first exterior surface 134 of the nut retainer 124 are threaded for engagement of the nonconductive cap 702 on the nut retainer 124. In another further example, a fourth interior surface 706 associated with the nonconductive cap 702 and the first exterior surface 134 of the nut retainer 124 are configured for twist-lock engagement.
In yet another further example, the nonconductive cap 702 is transparent to permit internal inspection after the nut retainer assembly 100 is assembled with a fastener nut 140 retained therein. In still another further example, the nonconductive cap 702 includes a transparent polymer material. In an even further example, the transparent polymer material includes a transparent nylon material, a nylon TMDT material, a nylon 6-3-T material, a trimethylhexamethylenediamine material, a dimethyl terephthalate material or any other suitable transparent polymer material in any suitable combination.
In still yet another further example, the nonconductive cap 702 includes a port 708 for receipt of a nonconductive sealant between a fourth interior surface 706 associated with the nonconductive cap 702 and the first exterior surface 134 of the nut retainer 124 after the nut retainer assembly 100 is assembled with a fastener nut 140 retained therein to enhance protection of the operational environment from electromagnetic emissions and electrical sparks discharged by metal components 124 of the nut retainer assembly 100 and metal fasteners 140, 206 associated therewith.
Referring generally to
With reference again to
In another example of the blind fastener system 200, nut retainer assembly 100 also includes a bond washer 102 and a nut retainer 124. The bond washer 102 defines a longitudinal axis 104 extending from a proximal washer end 106 to a distal washer end 108. The bond washer 102 includes a flange portion 110, a washer coupling portion 112, a first interior surface 114, a second interior surface 118 and the bonding surface 122. The flange portion 110 at the proximal washer end 106. The washer coupling portion 112 extending from the flange portion 110 to the distal washer end 108. The first interior surface 114 is associated with the flange portion 110. The first interior surface 114 defining a first aperture 116. The second interior surface 118 is associated with the washer coupling portion 112. The second interior surface 118 includes internal threads 120. The bonding surface 122 associated with the flange portion 110 at the proximal washer end 106. The nut retainer 124 defines a proximal retainer end 126 and a distal retainer end 128 along the longitudinal axis 104 and extending the longitudinal axis 104 from the distal washer end 108 to the distal retainer end 128. The nut retainer 124 includes a retainer coupling portion 130, a nut retaining portion 132, a first exterior surface 134 and a third interior surface 136. The retainer coupling portion 130 at the proximal retainer end 126. The nut retaining portion 132 extending from the retainer coupling portion 130 to the distal retainer end 128. The first exterior surface 134 associated with the retainer coupling portion 130. The third interior surface 136 is associated with the retainer coupling portion 130 and the nut retaining portion 132. The third interior surface 136 defines the central opening 138. The central opening 138 extending from the proximal retainer end 126 to the distal retainer end 128.
In a further example, the nut retainer 124 also includes a grip retainer extension 602 between the proximal retainer end 126 and the distal retainer end 128. In another further example, the nut retainer assembly 100 also includes a grip extension washer 604 disposed within the central opening 138 at the proximal retainer end 126 between the fastener nut 140 retained within the nut retainer 124 and the bond washer 102.
In yet another further example, the nut retainer assembly 100 also includes a nonconductive cap 702 to protect an operational environment within which the nut retainer assembly 100 is used from electromagnetic emissions and electrical sparks discharged by metal components 102, 124 of the nut retainer assembly 100 and metal fasteners 140, 206 associated therewith. A third exterior surface 704 associated with the washer coupling portion 112 is configured to receive and engage with the nonconductive cap 702.
In still another further example, the retainer coupling portion 130 includes external threads 150 for engagement with the internal threads 120 in the washer coupling portion 112 to retain the fastener nut 140 between the nut retainer 124 and the bond washer 102. After the retainer coupling portion 130 and the washer coupling portion 112 are fully engaged, the proximal retainer end 126 sits on the flange portion 110 of the bond washer 102 and at least a portion of a compressive feature 146 of the fastener nut 140 sits on the flange portion 110. In an even further example, the bonding surface 122 of the bond washer 102 includes a recessed area 302 along a peripheral portion 304 of the bonding surface 122 for receipt of an adhesive 306 and a contact area 308 extending from the recessed area 302 to the first aperture 116 of the flange portion 110.
In still yet another further example, the third interior surface 136 associated with the retainer coupling portion 130 defines a second aperture 506 wider than the first aperture 116 and sized to provide a clearance fit for the fastener nut 140 at the proximal retainer end 126. In this example, the nut retainer assembly 100 also includes a seal washer 802 disposed within the first aperture 116 and affixed to the first interior surface 114 associated with the flange portion 110 of the bond washer 102 after the nut retainer 124 and the bond washer 102 are assembled with the fastener nut 140 retained therein.
In another further example, the washer coupling portion 112 defines a fourth aperture 152 wider than the first aperture 116 in the flange portion 110 of the bond washer 102 thereby defining an inner portion 1102 of the flange portion 110 extending from the washer coupling portion 112 to the first aperture 116 and an outer portion 1104 extending from the washer coupling portion 112 to a fourth exterior surface 1106 associated with the flange portion 110. In an even further example, the nut retainer assembly 100 also includes a retention washer 1002 with a fifth interior surface 1004, a lip portion 1108 and a nut support portion 1110. The fifth interior surface 1004 defining a fifth aperture 1112. The lip portion 1108 having a first thickness 1202. The nut support portion 1110 having a second thickness 1204 greater than the first thickness 1202. The retention washer 1002 disposed within the fourth aperture 152 of the washer coupling portion 112 with the lip portion 1108 overlaying the inner portion 1102 of the flange portion 110 for the bond washer 102 and the nut support portion 1110 extending into the first aperture 116 of the flange portion 110.
In an even yet further example, the nut retainer assembly 100 also includes a seal washer 802 disposed within the fifth aperture 1112 of the retention washer 1002 and affixed to the fifth interior surface 1004 associated with the retention washer 1002 after the nut retainer 124, the retention washer 1002 and the bond washer 102 are assembled with the fastener nut 140 retained therein.
In yet another example of the blind fastener system 200, the nut retainer assembly 100 includes a nut retainer 124 defining a longitudinal axis 104 extending from a proximal retainer end 126 to a distal retainer end 128. The nut retainer 124 includes a flange portion 110, a nut retaining portion 132, a sixth interior surface 1502 and the bonding surface 122. The flange portion 110 at the proximal retainer end 126. The nut retaining portion 132 extending from the flange portion 110 to the distal retainer end 128. The sixth interior surface 1502 is associated with the flange portion 110 and the nut retaining portion 132. The sixth interior surface 1502 defining the central opening 138 extending from the proximal retainer end 126 to the distal retainer end 128. The bonding surface 122 associated with the flange portion 110 at the proximal retainer end 126. In a further example, the nut retainer 124 also includes a grip retainer extension 602 between the proximal retainer end 126 and the distal retainer end 128. In another further example, the nut retainer assembly 100 also includes a grip extension washer 604 disposed within the central opening 138 at the proximal retainer end 126 between the fastener nut 140 retained within the nut retainer 124 and a substrate 204. In yet another further example, the nut retainer assembly (100) also includes a nonconductive cap 702 to protect an operational environment within which the nut retainer assembly 100 is used from electromagnetic emissions and electrical sparks discharged by metal components 124 of the nut retainer assembly 100 and metal fasteners 140, 206 associated therewith. A first exterior surface 134 associated with the nut retainer 124 is configured to receive and engage with the nonconductive cap 702.
Referring generally to
With reference again to
In another example of the method 1900, the hole 404 through the substrate 204 includes a pilot hole 406 for subsequent drilling of a full-sized hole 408 that provides a clearance fit to a fastener bolt 206 associated with the fastener nut 140 retained by the nut retainer assembly 100. In yet another example of the method 1900, the hole 404 through the substrate 204 includes a full-sized hole 408 that provides a clearance fit to a fastener bolt 206 associated with the fastener nut 140 retained by the nut retainer assembly 100. In still another example of the method 1900, the central opening 138 of the nut retainer 124 is sized and shaped to provide a first horizontal float 502 between a compressive feature 146 of the fastener nut 140 and the nut retainer 124 and a second horizontal float 503 between a torquing feature 148 of the fastener nut 140 and the nut retainer 124. In still yet another example of the method 1900, the central opening 138 of the nut retainer 124 is sized and shaped to provide a vertical float 504 between a compressive feature 146 of the fastener nut 140 and the nut retainer 124. In another example of the method 1900, a portion of the central opening 138 proximate a distal retainer end 128 is sized and shaped to provide a clearance fit for a torquing feature 148 of the fastener nut 140 while preventing the fastener nut 140 from turning when it is retained between the nut retainer 124 and the bond washer 102.
Referring generally to
With reference again to
In another example of the method 2000, the hole 404 through the substrate 204 includes a pilot hole 406 for subsequent drilling of a full-sized hole 408 that provides a clearance fit to a fastener bolt 206 associated with the fastener nut 140 retained by the nut retainer assembly 100.
In yet another example of the method 2000, the hole 404 through the substrate 204 includes a full-sized hole 408 that provides a clearance fit to a fastener bolt 206 associated with the fastener nut 140 retained by the nut retainer assembly 100.
In still another example of the method 2000, the central opening 138 of the nut retainer 124 is sized and shaped to provide a first horizontal float 502 between a compressive feature 146 of the fastener nut 140 and the nut retainer 124 and a second horizontal float 503 between a torquing feature 148 of the fastener nut 140 and the nut retainer 124.
In still yet another example of the method 2000, the central opening 138 of the nut retainer 124 is sized and shaped to provide a vertical float 504 between a compressive feature 146 of the fastener nut 140 and the nut retainer 124.
In another example of the method 2000, a portion of the central opening 138 proximate a distal retainer end 128 is sized and shaped to provide a clearance fit for a torquing feature 148 of the fastener nut 140 while preventing the fastener nut 140 from turning when it is retained between the nut retainer 124 and the substrate 204.
Examples of nut retainer assemblies 100, blind fastener systems 200 and methods 1900, 2000 for assembling a nut retainer assembly 100 on a substrate 204 may be related to or used in the context of aircraft manufacturing. Although an aircraft example is described, the examples and principles disclosed herein may be applied to other products in the aerospace industry and other industries, such as the automotive industry, the space industry, the construction industry and other design and manufacturing industries. Accordingly, in addition to aircraft, the examples and principles disclosed herein may apply to the use of various products in the manufacture of various types of vehicles and in the construction of various types of buildings.
The preceding detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate specific examples described by the present disclosure. Other examples having different structures and operations do not depart from the scope of the present disclosure. Like reference numerals may refer to the same feature, element, or component in the different drawings. Throughout the present disclosure, any one of a plurality of items may be referred to individually as the item and a plurality of items may be referred to collectively as the items and may be referred to with like reference numerals. Moreover, as used herein, a feature, element, component, or step preceded with the word “a” or “an” should be understood as not excluding a plurality of features, elements, components, or steps, unless such exclusion is explicitly recited.
Illustrative, non-exhaustive examples, which may be, but are not necessarily, claimed, of the subject matter according to the present disclosure are provided above. Reference herein to “example” means that one or more feature, structure, element, component, characteristic and/or operational step described in connection with the example is included in at least one aspect, embodiment and/or implementation of the subject matter according to the present disclosure. Thus, the phrases “an example,” “another example,” “one or more examples,” and similar language throughout the present disclosure may, but do not necessarily, refer to the same example. Further, the subject matter characterizing any one example may, but does not necessarily, include the subject matter characterizing any other example. Moreover, the subject matter characterizing any one example may be, but is not necessarily, combined with the subject matter characterizing any other example.
As used herein, a system, apparatus, device, structure, article, element, component, or hardware “configured to” perform a specified function is indeed capable of performing the specified function without any alteration, rather than merely having potential to perform the specified function after further modification. In other words, the system, apparatus, device, structure, article, element, component, or hardware “configured to” perform a specified function is specifically selected, created, implemented, utilized, programmed and/or designed for the purpose of performing the specified function. As used herein, “configured to” denotes existing characteristics of a system, apparatus, structure, article, element, component, or hardware that enable the system, apparatus, structure, article, element, component, or hardware to perform the specified function without further modification. For purposes of this disclosure, a system, apparatus, device, structure, article, element, component, or hardware described as being “configured to” perform a particular function may additionally or alternatively be described as being “adapted to” and/or as being “operative to” perform that function.
Unless otherwise indicated, the terms “first,” “second,” “third,” etc., are used herein merely as labels and are not intended to impose ordinal, positional, or hierarchical requirements on the items to which these terms refer. Moreover, reference to, e.g., a “second” item does not require or preclude the existence of, e.g., a “first” or lower-numbered item and/or, e.g., a “third” or higher-numbered item.
As used herein, the phrase “at least one of,” when used with a list of items, means different combinations of one or more of the listed items may be used and only one of each item in the list may be needed. For example, “at least one of item A, item B and item C” may include, without limitation, item A or item A and item B. This example also may include item A, item B and item C or item B and item C. In other examples, “at least one of” may be, for example, without limitation, two of item A, one of item B and ten of item C; four of item B and seven of item C; and other suitable combinations. As used herein, the term “and/or” and the “/” symbol includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
As used herein, the terms “coupled,” “coupling,” and similar terms refer to two or more elements that are joined, linked, fastened, attached, connected, put in communication, or otherwise associated (e.g., mechanically, electrically, fluidly, optically, electromagnetically) with one another. In various examples, the elements may be associated directly or indirectly. As an example, element A may be directly associated with element B. As another example, element A may be indirectly associated with element B, for example, via another element C. It will be understood that not all associations among the various disclosed elements are necessarily represented. Accordingly, couplings other than those depicted in the figures may also exist.
As used herein, the term “approximately” refers to or represents a condition that is close to, but not exactly, the stated condition that still performs the desired function or achieves the desired result. As an example, the term “approximately” refers to a condition that is within an acceptable predetermined tolerance or accuracy, such as to a condition that is within 10% of the stated condition. However, the term “approximately” does not exclude a condition that is exactly the stated condition. As used herein, the term “substantially” refers to a condition that is essentially the stated condition that performs the desired function or achieves the desired result.
In
In
Further, references throughout the present specification to features, advantages, or similar language used herein do not imply that all the features and advantages that may be realized with the examples disclosed herein should be, or are in, any single example. Rather, language referring to the features and advantages is understood to mean that a specific feature, advantage, or characteristic described in connection with an example is included in at least one example. Thus, discussion of features, advantages and similar language used throughout the present disclosure may, but does not necessarily, refer to the same example.
Examples of the subject matter disclosed herein may be described in the context of aircraft manufacturing and service method 2100 as shown in
Each of the processes of the service method 2100 may be performed or carried out by a system integrator, a third party and/or an operator (e.g., a customer). For the purposes of this description, a system integrator may include, without limitation, any number of aircraft manufacturers and major-system subcontractors; a third party may include, without limitation, any number of vendors, subcontractors and suppliers; and an operator may be an airline, leasing company, military entity, service organization and so on.
As shown in
The disclosed systems and methods for associating test data for a part under test with an end item coordinate system may be employed during any one or more of the stages of the manufacturing and service method 2100. For example, components or subassemblies corresponding to component and subassembly manufacturing (block 2106) may be fabricated or manufactured in a manner similar to components or subassemblies produced while aircraft 2200 is in service (block 2112). Also, one or more examples of the system(s), method(s), or combination thereof may be utilized during production stages (block 2106 and block 2108), for example, by substantially expediting assembly of or reducing the cost of aircraft 2200. Similarly, one or more examples of the system or method realizations, or a combination thereof, may be utilized, for example and without limitation, while aircraft 2200 is in service (block 2112) and/or during maintenance and service (block 2114).
The described features, advantages and characteristics of one example may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more other examples. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize that the examples described herein may be practiced without one or more of the specific features or advantages of a particular example. In other instances, additional features and advantages may be recognized in certain examples that may not be present in all examples. Furthermore, although various examples of the nut retainer assembly 100, blind fastener system 200 and methods 1900, 2000 for assembling a nut retainer assembly 100 on a substrate 204 have been shown and described, modifications may occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the specification. The present application includes such modifications and is limited only by the scope of the claims.
