1. Field of the Disclosure
The present disclosure relates to a radiation-shielded garment for use on a person's head. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a shielded head cover configured to wrap around a user's head and including at least one radiation attenuation portion.
2. Related Art
Cardiologists, radiologist, surgeons, and other individuals may use x-ray equipment, which emits radiation in order to visualize bodily structures and perform procedures. Some examples of these types of procedures are 1) cardiac catheterization procedures including coronary angiography/percutaneous coronary interventions, 2) implantation of pacemakers and defibrillators, and 3) interventional radiology procedures.
Operators involved in these procedures are exposed to cumulative radiation via direct and even more importantly scatter radiation. Radiation sensitive tissue is shielded through the use of hanging shields, and operators and/or their assistants wear lead or lead-like (defined as other materials besides lead which impede and/or block the radiation penetration) aprons including thyroid shields and perhaps even lead glasses to minimize exposure. Lastly, drapes, which are placed over or on the side of a patient, have been used as barriers as well. Lead is an effective radiation attenuating substance, however, is rather heavy. Thus, one problem with providing garments with radiation shielding is that they tend to be heavy. This increased weight not only reduces comfort but can substantially physically tax a user, particularly during a long operation or procedure.
In certain procedures, such as the implantation of pacemaker type devices, it is difficult to place a shield between the operator and the x-ray equipment due to the close proximity of the imaging site and the field of manipulation. Longer more complicated procedures such as the implantation of biventricular devices and/or revision may take hours and provide unabated radiation/scatter exposure.
Most direct interventionalists who work in a room like a catheterization laboratory or electrophysiology laboratory often receive little or no protection from scatter radiation to the brain (other than the barriers previously described). Therefore, there is a need for additional protection to these operators and perhaps the other assistants who may also be exposed.
Radiation sensitive tissue includes but is not limited to gonadal and mammary tissue, bone marrow, the eyes, lungs, thyroid and brain. There is no common wearable shield for the latter structure. And brain cancer, is a very problematic illness if it occurs.
Accordingly, it would be desirable to provide a garment that provides radiation attenuation to avoid the problems described above.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a shielded garment that protects the head from radiation to a varying degree based on exposure and sensitivity to radiation.
It is another objective of the present invention to provide radiation barrier protection in the form of a surgical hat, cap, cloth, or helmet suitable to be worn on the head to keep hair under cover and provide shielding to the brain. Using lead or more preferably lead-like materials (often lightweight) an adjustable head cover is provided. Typically these lead-like materials provide 90-95% protection from radiation exposure.
It is another object of the present invention to provide protection when undergoing other radiologic procedures including radiation therapy, brachytherapy, and other procedures such as CT Scans, cineangiography and fluoroscopy.
A head cover in accordance with an embodiment of the present application includes including a radiation attenuation portion configured and operable to protect a user head from radiation, the attenuation portion including a varying amount of radiation attenuating material at different locations to provide for increased protection at desired locations.
A shielded head cover in accordance with another embodiment of the present application includes an elongated body including a first surface facing front and a second surface, facing rear, the first and second surfaces connected such that a cavity is formed between the first and second surfaces, a radiation attenuating element positioned in the cavity formed between the first and second surfaces of the elongated body and a fastening device positioned on at least a first end of the elongated body and configured to fasten the first end of the elongated body to a second end of the elongated body, opposite the first end.
A method of applying radiation attenuating material to a head cover in accordance with an embodiment of the present application includes combining particles of radiation attenuating material with adhesive, spraying the particles of radiation attenuating material and adhesive onto the head cover and spraying more particle of radiation attenuating material on the head cover at desired locations where increased radiation protection is desired.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of the invention, which refers to the accompanying drawings.
In a preferred embodiment, the amount of radiation attenuating material of the attenuation portion 12 varies depending on the level of desired radiation protection. For example, the attenuation portion 12 may provide additional radiation material and consequently additional radiation protection for areas around the head that are at risk of additional exposure to radiation or which are particularly sensitive to radiation. The attenuation portion 12 may also provide less radiation material and consequently less radiation protection for areas of the head that are at risk of lower radiation exposure or that are less sensitive to radiation. The areas requiring more protection may be determined based on statistical analysis of radiation backscatter based on the source, for example.
The radiation attenuation portion 12 may be grooved, or the shape of the radiation attenuation portion can be made irregular and/or asymmetric to provide varying degrees of radiation protection, although any of the known methods can be employed to achieve this result. In this manner, areas of the head that are exposed to more radiation or that are particularly sensitive to radiation are provided with additional protection from radiation, while other areas are provided with less protection.
In a preferred embodiment, to cover more of the cover 10 with radiation attenuating material, the cover 10 can include one large radiation attenuation portion 12, or a plurality of smaller radiation portions 12. See
Varying the amount of radiation attenuating material to vary radiation protection also serves to reduce overall weight of cover 10. As noted above, radiation attenuating materials can be relatively heavy. Varying the amount used allows for maximum protection in desired areas while overall minimizing weight of the cover 10. This is particularly useful since surgeries and other procedures can take several hours and the more weight the user is forced to support on his head, the more likely it is that fatigue will set in, especially in the area of the neck and back.
The radiation attenuating material may be any suitable material that provides protection from radiation. The most common example of such a radiation attenuating material is lead, however any material that blocks or partially blocks radiation may be used. It is preferred that a relatively lightweight radiation attenuating material is used in order to increase comfort for the user. The radiation attenuating material may be lead or a lead-like substance. Despite lead's weight, lead shielding which is relatively thin and lightweight can be provided. The radiation attenuating material may include a single material or an admixture of different materials that block or partially block the penetration of radiation. Radiation attenuating materials include, but are not limited to lead, bismuth, antimony and tungsten. The radiation attenuating material may also include combinations of lead and other nonlead radiation attenuating materials.
Generally, the cover 10 includes a base section 10a that essentially wraps around the user's head and a top section 10b covering the top of the user's head. The cover 10, preferably also includes a fastener 10c of some sort to allow it to be fastened to the users head. In
While the surgical cap type cover 10 is shown to be in the form of a known surgical cap, it may be in the form of any suitable head cover, including but not limited to a hat, helmet, or headband for example.
In an alternative embodiment, the attenuation portion 12 of the cover 10 is a removable patch 13,
In another embodiment, the patch 13 may be similar to a surgical bandage with a layer of the radiation attenuating material positioned between 2 layers of hypoallergenic tape to hold it in place. See
In another embodiment, the patch 13 may be in the form of an insert. In this embodiment, a pouch, or pocket, is preferably formed in the in the cover 10 that is sized to receive the insert patch 13. The pouch or pocket may be formed on the inner or outer side of the cover 10. Alternatively, the patch 13 may be fastened to the cover 10 in any desired manner, for example using hook and loop type fasteners.
The patch 13 may be of any desired size or shape. For example, a 4 inch by 6 inch or 10 inch by 30 inch patch 13 would allow for the patch to wrap around a substantial portion of the cover 10. Adhesive may be provided along the length of the patch 13 or just at the ends thereof as noted above.
The shape of the patch 13 may be grooved, irregular and/or asymmetric similar to the attenuation portion 12 discussed above, to provide different levels of radiation protection at different areas of the head. As is noted above, this allows areas of the head that are exposed to more radiation or that are particularly sensitive to radiation to be provided with additional protection from radiation, while other areas are provided with less protection. Higher amounts of radiation attenuating material could be provided on the patch 13 in desired areas, as well, to vary protection. In addition, multiple patches 13 could be applied to the cover 10 with a varying amount of radiation material included thereon to vary protection for the different areas of the head. The radiation attenuating material used in the patch 13 is preferably similar to that used in the radiation attenuation portion 12 discussed above.
In another embodiment, the cover 10 may be rotated, or otherwise repositioned on a user's head to shift the position of the attenuation portion 12 as conditions change. For example, during the course of a procedure, the wearer may move their head, or the source of radiation may be moved. In this case, the cover 10 may be rotated on the user's head, or otherwise repositioned in order to provide the attenuation portion 12 in a desired position.
In one embodiment, the cover 10 may be in the form of a headband, as illustrated in
In another embodiment, the radiation attenuating material may be applied to the cover 10 as a spray on covering. See
Referring to
In another embodiment, additional patches, or shields 23, may be attached to the cover 10 to extend protection, for example, down the neck, or anywhere else that it is desired. See
If desired, a radiation monitoring element may be provided on the cover 10. The radiation monitoring element may be provided on the inside cover, outside cover, or anywhere desired to track radiation exposure. In a preferred embodiment, the radiation monitoring element is provided on the inside of the cover 10 to track the amount of radiation that is penetrating the cover and to which the user is exposed. The radiation monitoring element may take the form of a common radiation exposure badge, or similar device, as desired.
The cover 10 of the present disclosure may be washable either with, or without, the patch 13, or the shield 23. The patch 13 and shield 23 may be reusable, or disposable as desired. Similarly, the cover 10 may be disposable or reusable as desired.
In another embodiment, a cover 110 may include a semi-rigid frame 109 (See
In another embodiment, illustrated in
In
The body 1018 may be implemented by a single piece of material folded over to provide the first and second surfaces 1018a, 1018b with a space or cavity in between. The folded over material may be stitched, glued or otherwise held together to provide the body 1018. The space between the first and second surfaces 1018a, 1018b preferably accommodates a radiation attenuating element 1012, as is described in further detail below.
The body 1018 is preferably tapered in width along its length with a maximum width provided in the middle of the body and a minimum width provided at the opposing ends thereof. This shape provides the maximum width at the front of the cover 1010 when worn by the user.
The radiation attenuating element 1012 is preferably positioned between the first and second surfaces 1018a, 1018b of the body 1018 as can be seen in the cross-sectional view of
A fastener 1014 is provided at the end, or ends, of the body 1018 to allow the user to releasably secure the cover 1010 in place after it is wrapped around their head. The fastener 1014 may simply utilize hook and loop type fasteners on the opposing ends of the body 1018. As illustrated in
In a preferred embodiment, an absorbent material 1016 is affixed to the rear surface 1018b of the body 1018. The absorbent material 1016 is preferably lightweight and highly absorbent such that it effectively absorbs user sweat before it can run down into the user's eyes. The absorbent material 1016 is preferably provided over substantially the entire width and length of the body 1018, however, is configured to avoid interfering with the fastener 1014. In one embodiment illustrated in
In operation, a user, such as user 5 discussed above, will wrap the cover 1010 around his or her forehead area and fasten the ends of the elongated body 1018 to each other using the fastener 1014. Since the fastener 1014 allows for securing the body 1018 in a variety of circumferences, the cover 1010 may be adjusted as desired to fit virtually any user's head. The widest width is preferably provided toward a front of the user's head, however, the cover 1010 may be shifted to provide maximum width wherever the user desires. After use, the fastener 1014 may simply be released and the cover 1010 easily unwrapped from the user's head. The cover 1010 may be worn under a conventional surgical cover, if desired.
In another embodiment, illustrated in
In a preferred embodiment, the cover 1010 is disposable. Thus, the material used in the body 1018 and the fastener 1014 as well as the absorbent material 1016 and the radiation attenuating element 1012 are preferably lightweight and relatively inexpensive. In one embodiment, the radiation attenuating element 1012 may be removed from the body 1018 and reused while the rest of the cover 1010 is disposed. In this embodiment, the first and second surfaces 1018a, 1018b of the body 1018 may be separable such that a user can access the cavity formed therebetween to remove the radiation attenuation element 1012. A seem between the first and second surfaces 1018a, 1018b may be left open on a top edge, for example, of the body 2018. This open seem allows access to the radiation attenuating element 1012 from exterior of the body 1018. A second fastener (not shown) may be provided to releasably close the open seem and ensure the radiation attenuating element 1012 remains in the body 1018, when desired. This fastener may similarly be a hook and loop type closure, or any other desired fastener.
Although the present invention has been described in relation to particular embodiments thereof, many other variations and modifications and other uses will become apparent to those skilled in the art.
The present application is a continuation application filed under 35 U.S.C. §120 of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/776,563 filed May 10, 2010 entitled SHIELDED SURGICAL GARMENT the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein.
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
Parent | 12943535 | Nov 2010 | US |
Child | 14276383 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
Parent | 12776563 | May 2010 | US |
Child | 12943535 | US |