Patent Application
20240301319
The present invention relates to the field of perfumery. In particular, fragrance compositions having an olfactive profile that changes with time, wherein the fragrance compositions comprise at least two contrasting perfume accords that provide an olfactory modulating effect, wherein the perfume formulation delivers a desirable scent with increased perceived intensity and improved longevity of perception.
Consumers are looking for different sensory experiences, and the perfume industry is constantly seeking for solutions to answer that demand and in particular for ways to prolong the perfume experience over time. The industry is also keen on finding solutions to phenomenon referred to as perfume habituation and perfume adaptation resulting in a decrease of perceived intensity over time.
One aspect presented herein provides a perfume composition comprising at least two perfuming accords,
In one aspect, the second time is after the first time.
In one aspect, the first perfume accord comprises perfuming compounds having a volatility ranging from 70,000 to 100 μg/l in air.
In one aspect, the second perfume accord comprises perfuming compounds having a volatility ranging from 99 to 50 μg/l in air.
In one aspect, the sufficient amount of the first perfume accord is from 30% to 70% by weight of the perfume composition.
In one aspect, the sufficient amount of the second perfume accord is from 30% to 70% by weight of the perfume composition.
In one aspect, the first perfume accord and the second perfume accord are present in the perfume composition in a weight ratio ranging from 3:1 to 1:3.
In one aspect, the first perfume accord and the second perfume accord are present in the perfume composition at a weight ratio of 1:1.
In one aspect, the perception of the second olfactive note after the first olfactive note is at a level sufficient to reduce, prevent, or suppress a reduced perception of the perfume composition by the subject over time.
In one aspect, the perfume composition further comprises a third perfume accord comprising perfuming compounds dominated by a third olfactive note, wherein the third perfume accord is present in the perfume composition in an amount sufficient for the third olfactive note to be perceived by a subject at a third time.
In one aspect, the sufficient amount of the third perfume accord is from 30% to 70% by weight of the perfume composition.
In one aspect, the first perfume accord the second perfume accord, and the third perfume accord are present in the perfume composition at a weight ratio of 1:1:1.
In one aspect, the third olfactive note and the second olfactive note are contrasting notes.
In one aspect, the first perfume accord further comprises a mixture comprising the first perfume accord encapsulated within a matrix material.
In one aspect, the second perfume accord further comprises a mixture comprising the second perfume accord encapsulated within a matrix material.
In one aspect, the third perfume accord further comprises a mixture comprising the third perfume accord encapsulated within a matrix material.
In one aspect, the third olfactive note and the first olfactive note are contrasting notes.
In one aspect, the third time is after the second time.
In one aspect, the third perfume accord comprises perfuming compounds having a volatility ranging from 49 to 0.1 μg/l in air.
In one aspect, the first time is less than one hour after exposure of the subject to the perfuming composition.
In one aspect, the second time is from one to six hours after exposure of the subject to the perfuming composition.
In one aspect, the second time is from one to four hours after exposure of the subject to the perfuming composition.
In one aspect, the third time is from four to six hours after exposure of the subject to the perfuming composition.
In one aspect, the perception of the first olfactive note, the second olfactive note, and the third olfactive note is at a level sufficient to reduce, prevent, or suppress a reduced perception of the perfume composition by the subject over time.
In one aspect, the perception of the third olfactive note after the second olfactive note is at a level sufficient to reduce, prevent, or suppress a reduced perception of the perfume composition by the subject over time.
In one aspect, the first olfactive note is selected from the group consisting of floral, water, green, fruity and citrus olfactive notes.
In one aspect, the second olfactive note is selected from the group consisting of floral, fruity, citrus, sweet, oriental, woody and meringue olfactive notes.
In one aspect, the third olfactive note is selected from the group consisting of floral, fruity, citrus, sweet, oriental, woody and meringue olfactive notes.
In one aspect, the first perfume accord is dominated by an olfactive note consisting of lemon and the second perfume accord is dominated by a second olfactive note consisting of oriental.
In one aspect, the first perfume accord is dominated by an olfactive note consisting of lemon and the second perfume accord is dominated by an olfactive note consisting of meringue.
In one aspect, the first perfume accord is dominated by an olfactive note consisting of citrus, floral, fruity and green, and the second perfume accord is dominated by an olfactive note consisting of a floral, fruity and sweet.
In one aspect, the first perfume accord is dominated by an olfactive note consisting of citrus and green, the second perfume accord is dominated by an olfactive note consisting of a floral, and fruity, and the third perfume accord is dominated by an olfactive note consisting of floral, fruity, citrus and sweet.
In one aspect, the perfume composition is a pre-formulated perfume composition, and the first perfume accord is added to the pre-formulated perfume composition in an amount sufficient for the first olfactive note to be perceived by the subject at the first time.
In one aspect, the perfume composition is a pre-formulated perfume composition, and the second perfume accord is added to the pre-formulated perfume composition in an amount sufficient for the second olfactive note to be perceived by the subject at the second time.
In one aspect, the perfume composition is a pre-formulated perfume composition, and the third perfume accord is added to the pre-formulated perfume composition in an amount sufficient for the third olfactive note to be perceived by the subject at the third time.
One aspect presented herein provides a manufactured product comprising the perfume composition according to an aspect presented herein.
In one aspect, the manufactured product is selected from the group consisting of a perfume, eau de toilette, home care product and a personal care product.
One aspect presented herein provides a method to reduce, prevent, or suppress a reduced perception of the perfume composition by a subject over time, comprising exposing the subject to a perfume composition according an aspect presented herein.
One aspect presented herein provides a method to reduce, prevent, or suppress a reduced perception of the perfume composition by a subject over time, comprising dispensing sequentially at least partly in the air, the first perfume accord dominated by a first olfactive note followed by the second perfume comprising perfuming compounds forming a second perfume accord dominated by a second olfactive note.
In one aspect, the sequential dispensing is performed using a device.
In one aspect, the first accord and the second accord are physically separated within the device.
In the following description, reference is made to specific embodiments which may be practiced, which is shown by way of illustration. These embodiments are described in detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention described herein, and it is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and that logical changes may be made without departing from the scope of the aspects presented herein. The following description of example embodiments is, therefore, not to be taken in a limited sense, and the scope of the various aspects presented herein is defined by the appended claims.
The Abstract is provided to comply with 37 C.F.R. § 1.72(b) to allow the reader to quickly ascertain the nature and gist of the technical disclosure. The Abstract is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims.
Consumers are looking for different sensory experiences, and the perfume industry is constantly seeking for solutions to answer that demand and in particular for ways to prolong the perfume experience over time. The industry is also keen on finding solutions to phenomenon referred to as perfume habituation and perfume adaptation resulting in a decrease of perceived intensity over time. The present disclosure provides a solution to the above-mention problems in particular to the decrease of perfume perception over time and offers a novel solution to improve fragrance longevity and satisfy the consumer needs for new sensory experience.
Odor descriptors are well known and widely use to describe the odor character of a fragrance. Several procedures for describing odor characters are known and have been the object of many publications, and sensory maps for odor descriptors (olfactive note) are largely known and used by the perfumery industry. In 2009 an approach to reach a standard sensory map of perfumery odor perception has been described by M. Zarzo and David Stanton in Attention, Perception and Psychophysicy, 2009, 71(2) 225-247. Therefore, in some aspects, a perfume accord can be defined with a number of descriptors.
As used herein, the term “contrasting accords”, “contrasting notes” or “contrasting pairs” is meant to designate accords for which the respective dominant olfactive notes are belonging to odor families that are distant from one another. Tools such as the fragrance wheel for instance can be used to define those fragrance families. An exemplar fragrance wheel is shown in
Referring to the classification shown in
Contrasting accords in the context of the invention can be defined as accords for which there is no more than one descriptor shared between the two accords, preferably for which there is no descriptor shared between the two accords. As an example, “sweet” and “aromatic” are strongly correlated and share more than one descriptor. Sweet is also correlated with powdery. Aromatic and powdery are not directly correlated with one another but they both share the correlation with sweet, so they are not contrasting in the context of the invention.
An alternate way to look at contrasting accords is to use the notion of cross-adaptation. Cross-adaptation is well-known in the perfumery technical field and accords for which there is no perceptual cross-adaptation between the accords constitutes contrasting accords.
Alternatively, in some aspects, olfactive notes may be classified as contrasting according to the methods disclosed in Zarzo, J. Sensory Studies, 23 (2008), μg 354-376.
Alternatively, in some aspects, olfactive notes may be classified as contrasting according to the methods disclosed in Zarzo, J. Chemical Senses (2015), μg 305-313.
Alternatively, in some aspects, olfactive notes may be classified as contrasting according to the methods disclosed in Zarzo, J. Chemical Senses 31 (2006), μg 713-724.
Alternatively, in some aspects, olfactive notes may be classified as contrasting according to the methods disclosed in Abe et al, Analytica Chimica 239 (1990), pg 73-85.
Alternatively, in some aspects, olfactive notes may be classified as contrasting according to the methods disclosed in Chastrette et al, Chemical Senses 16 (1991), pg 81-93. Compositions According to Some Aspects Presented Herein:
Subjects' perceptions of perfume compositions may decline over time. The compositions described herein address the subjects' decline in perception of fragrance in several ways.
Compositions Comprising Contrasting Perfuming Accords: It has been now surprisingly found that combining contrasting fragrance accords into a single composition may accentuate the differences in the pairing. In particular, the inventors found that the perceived intensity of the resulting mixture of such dissimilar fragrance accords was significantly higher than predicted, based on the intensities of the individual accords; and, that attention to the odor of a mixture of contrasting accords was enhanced and prolonged versus the accords alone.
Accordingly, some aspects described herein provide a perfume composition comprising perfuming compounds forming a first perfume accord dominated by a first olfactive note; and perfuming compounds forming a second perfume accord dominated by a second olfactive note, wherein the first and second olfactive notes are contrasting notes. Additionally, some aspects provide a method to improve perfume intensity perceived by a subject over time, which method comprises, exposing said subject to a composition as defined herein.
A perfume accord is meant to designate a mixture of perfuming ingredients. As used herein, the term “perfuming ingredient” it is meant a compound, which is used for the primary purpose of conferring or modulating an odour. In other words such an ingredient, to be considered as being a perfuming one, must be recognized by a person skilled in the art as being able to at least impart or modify in a positive or pleasant way the odor of a composition, and not just as having an odor. For the purpose of the present disclosure, perfume accord also includes combination of perfuming ingredients with substances which together improve, enhance or modify the delivery of the perfuming ingredients, such as perfume precursors, emulsions or dispersions, as well as combinations which impart an additional benefit beyond that of modifying or imparting an odor, such as long-lasting, blooming, malodour counteraction, antimicrobial effect, microbial stability, insect control.
The nature and type of the perfuming ingredients do not warrant a more detailed description here, which in any case would not be exhaustive, the skilled person being able to select them on the basis of its general knowledge and according to intended use or application and the desired organoleptic effect. In general terms, these perfuming ingredients belong to chemical classes as varied as alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, ethers, acetates, nitriles, terpenoids, nitrogenous or sulphurous heterocyclic compounds and essential oils, and said perfuming co-ingredients can be of natural or synthetic origin. Many of these co-ingredients are in any case listed in reference texts such as the book by S. Arctander, Perfume and Flavor Chemicals, 1969, Montclair, New Jersey, USA, or its more recent versions, or in other works of a similar nature, as well as in the abundant patent literature in the field of perfumery. It is also understood that said ingredients may also be compounds known to release in a controlled manner various types of perfuming compounds.
The perfuming ingredients may be dissolved in a solvent of current use in the perfume industry. In some embodiments, the solvent is not an alcohol. Examples of such solvents are diethyl phthalate, isopropyl myristate, Abalyn® (rosin resins, available from Eastman), benzyl benzoate, ethyl citrate, limonene or other terpenes, or isoparaffins. In some aspects, the solvent is very hydrophobic and highly sterically hindered, like for example Abalyn® or benzyl benzoate.
In some aspects, the perfume comprises less than 30% of solvent. In some aspects, the perfume comprises less than 20%, alternatively less than 10% of solvent, all these percentages being defined by weight relative to the total weight of the perfume. In some aspects, the perfume is essentially free of solvent.
In some aspects, the first perfume comprising perfuming compounds forming a first perfume accord dominated by a first olfactive note, when dispersed into a surrounding space has a given profile. In some aspects, the given profile does not change over time. Similarly, in some aspects the second perfume comprising perfuming compounds forming a second perfume accord dominated by a second olfactive note has a given profile. In some aspects, the given profile does not change over time.
Referring to Examples 1 to 3, the compositions according to the present disclosure advantageously proved to increase the perceived intensity of a perfume, when comparing with the perceived intensity of the individual accords as shown in the examples below. Contrary to what would be expected, namely an intensity for the composition comprising the two accords between the respective intensities of the accord evaluated individually, the composition according to the invention shows increased intensity. Therefore another object of the invention consists of a method to improve perfume intensity perceived by a subject over time, which method comprises exposing said subject to a first perfume accord dominated by a first olfactive note followed by exposure to a second perfume accord dominated by a second olfactive note wherein the first and second olfactive note are contrasting notes.
Moreover, the compositions described herein have also shown to impact noticeability of a perfume when the consumer is exposed to the contrasting accords sequentially. Therefore, a method to improve noticeability of a perfume which comprises dispensing sequentially at least partly in the air, a first perfume comprising perfuming compounds forming a first perfume accord dominated by a first olfactive note followed by a second perfume comprising perfuming compounds forming a second perfume accord dominated by a second olfactive note, wherein the first olfactive and second olfactive notes are contrasting notes, is also an object of the present invention.
In some aspects, the first perfume accord is dominated by an olfactive note selected from the group consisting of floral, water, green, fruity and citrus and the second perfume accord is dominated by an olfactive note selected from the group consisting of oriental, woody and meringue. In an alternate aspect, the first perfume accord is dominated by an olfactive note consisting of lemon and the second perfume accord is dominated by a second olfactive note consisting of an oriental note. In an alternate aspect, the first perfume accord is dominated by an olfactive note consisting of lemon and the second perfume accord is dominated by an olfactive note consisting of a meringue note.
In some aspects, the perfume composition comprises a third contrasting accord. This accord, if used, must contrast with the other two accords in the composition. There must be no perceptual cross-adaptation (reciprocal or non-reciprocal) between either pair of accords in the composition; at least one pair of accords must show either reciprocal or non-reciprocal perceptual enhancement; and, the three accords must be used in the fragrance composition at approximately the same intensity as one another.
In some aspects, the perfume composition further comprises additional ingredients.
Compositions Comprising Contrasting Perfuming Accords Having Different Temporal Release Profiles: Without intending to be limited to any particular theory, in some aspects, the likelihood of a subject's decreased perception of a fragrance (also referred to herein as habituation) may be greater if the olfactive profile (i.e. the olfactive notes of the perfume composition) does not change, or changes only slightly with time.
By way of illustration, Example 4 describes a perfume composition having an olfactive profile that was consistently reported to be floral, musk and woody for up to 6 hours following application to a surface. It was found that subjects adapted to the perfume composition, in that the perception of the perfume composition decline over time.
In contrast, again referring to Example 4, less adaptation was observed to perfume compositions having an olfactive profile that changes over time.
Accordingly, some aspects provide a perfume composition comprising at least two perfuming accords,
In some aspects, the second time is after the first time.
In some aspects, the perfume composition further comprises a third perfume accord comprising perfuming compounds dominated by a third olfactive note, wherein the third perfume accord is present in the perfume composition in an amount sufficient for the third olfactive note to be perceived by a subject at a third time.
In some aspects, the third time is after the second time.
In some embodiments, the perfume composition is the perfume composition described in Table 2.
In some embodiments, the perfume composition is the perfume composition described in Table 3.
In some aspects, the perfume composition further comprises additional ingredients.
In some aspects, the perfume composition is a pre-formulated perfume composition, and the first perfume accord is added to the pre-formulated perfume composition in an amount sufficient for the first olfactive note to be perceived by the subject at the first time.
In some aspects, the perfume composition is a pre-formulated perfume composition, and the second perfume accord is added to the pre-formulated perfume composition in an amount sufficient for the second olfactive note to be perceived by the subject at the second time.
In some aspects, the perfume composition is a pre-formulated perfume composition, and the third perfume accord is added to the pre-formulated perfume composition in an amount sufficient for the third olfactive note to be perceived by the subject at the third time.
In some aspects, the third olfactive note and the second olfactive note are contrasting notes.
In some aspects, the third olfactive note and the first olfactive note are contrasting notes.
In some aspects, there are no perceptual cross-adaptation (reciprocal or non-reciprocal) between either pair of accords in the composition (either between the first and second, or the second and third)
In some embodiments, at least one pair of accords show either reciprocal or non-reciprocal perceptual enhancement.
In some aspects, the first olfactive note is selected from the group consisting of floral, water, green, fruity and citrus olfactive notes.
In some aspects, the second olfactive note is selected from the group consisting of floral, fruity, citrus, sweet, oriental, woody and meringue olfactive notes.
In some aspects, the third olfactive note is selected from the group consisting of floral, fruity, citrus, sweet, oriental, woody and meringue olfactive notes.
In some aspects, the first perfume accord is dominated by an olfactive note consisting of lemon and the second perfume accord is dominated by a second olfactive note consisting of oriental.
In some aspects, the first perfume accord is dominated by an olfactive note consisting of lemon and the second perfume accord is dominated by an olfactive note consisting of meringue.
In some aspects, the first perfume accord is dominated by an olfactive note consisting of citrus, floral, fruity and green, and the second perfume accord is dominated by an olfactive note consisting of a floral, fruity and sweet.
In some aspects, the first perfume accord is dominated by an olfactive note consisting of citrus and green, the second perfume accord is dominated by an olfactive note consisting of a floral, and fruity, and the third perfume accord is dominated by an olfactive note consisting of floral, fruity, citrus and sweet.
In some aspects, the sufficient amount of the first perfume accord is from 30% to 70% by weight of the perfume composition. In some aspects, the sufficient amount of the first perfume accord is from 40% to 70% by weight of the perfume composition. In some aspects, the sufficient amount of the first perfume accord is from 50% to 70% by weight of the perfume composition. In some aspects, the sufficient amount of the first perfume accord is from 60% to 70% by weight of the perfume composition. In some aspects, the sufficient amount of the first perfume accord is from 30% to 60% by weight of the perfume composition. In some aspects, the sufficient amount of the first perfume accord is from 30% to 50% by weight of the perfume composition. In some aspects, the sufficient amount of the first perfume accord is from 30% to 40% by weight of the perfume composition.
In some aspects, the sufficient amount of the first perfume accord is 30%, or 40%, or 50%, or 60%, or 70% by weight of the perfume composition.
In some aspects, the sufficient amount of the second perfume accord is from 30% to 70% by weight of the perfume composition. In some aspects, the sufficient amount of the second perfume accord is from 40% to 70% by weight of the perfume composition. In some aspects, the sufficient amount of the second perfume accord is from 50% to 70% by weight of the perfume composition. In some aspects, the sufficient amount of the second perfume accord is from 60% to 70% by weight of the perfume composition. In some aspects, the sufficient amount of the second perfume accord is from 30% to 60% by weight of the perfume composition. In some aspects, the sufficient amount of the second perfume accord is from 30% to 50% by weight of the perfume composition. In some aspects, the sufficient amount of the second perfume accord is from 30% to 40% by weight of the perfume composition.
In some aspects, the sufficient amount of the second perfume accord is 30%, or 40%, or 50%, or 60%, or 70% by weight of the perfume composition.
In some aspects, the first perfume accord and the second perfume accord are present in the perfume composition in a weight ratio ranging from 3:1 to 1:3. In some aspects, the first perfume accord and the second perfume accord are present in the perfume composition at a weight ratio of 1:1.
In some aspects, the sufficient amount of the third perfume accord is from 30% to 70% by weight of the perfume composition. In some aspects, the sufficient amount of the third perfume accord is from 40% to 70% by weight of the perfume composition. In some aspects, the sufficient amount of the third perfume accord is from 50% to 70% by weight of the perfume composition. In some aspects, the sufficient amount of the third perfume accord is from 60% to 70% by weight of the perfume composition. In some aspects, the sufficient amount of the third perfume accord is from 30% to 60% by weight of the perfume composition. In some aspects, the sufficient amount of the third perfume accord is from 30% to 50% by weight of the perfume composition. In some aspects, the sufficient amount of the third perfume accord is from 30% to 40% by weight of the perfume composition.
In some aspects, the sufficient amount of the third perfume accord is 30%, or 40%, or 50%, or 60%, or 70% by weight of the perfume composition.
In some aspects, the first perfume accord the second perfume accord, and the third perfume accord are present in the perfume composition at a weight ratio of 1:1:1.
Without intending to be limited to any particular theory, the perception of a particular perfume accord depends on a number of factors, such as, for example, the particular mixture of perfuming ingredients, the volatility of the perfuming ingredients, the odor detection threshold of the perfuming ingredients, the concentration of the perfuming ingredients that a subject is exposed to, and the like.
In some embodiments, the first, second, and third perfuming accords, when perceived, are perceived at the same intensity by the subject.
In some embodiments, the time at which a given perfume accord is perceived by the user may be controlled by the relative volatility of a given perfume accord compared to the others in the perfume composition. For example, in some embodiments, the first perfuming accord comprises perfuming ingredients that are more volatile than the perfuming ingredients comprising the second, or third perfume accords. Consequently, the first perfume accord is perceived by the subject at a first time that is before the time the second perfume accord is perceived. Similarly, in some embodiments, the second perfuming accord comprises perfuming ingredients that are more volatile than the perfuming ingredients comprising the third perfume accord. Consequently, the second perfume accord is perceived by the subject at a time second time that is before the time the third perfume accord is perceived. Similarly, the third perfuming accord comprises perfuming ingredients that are less volatile than the perfuming ingredients comprising the second perfume accord. Consequently, the third perfume accord is perceived by the subject at a time second time that is after the time the second perfume accord is perceived.
In some aspects, the first perfume accord comprises perfuming compounds having a volatility ranging from 70,000 to 100 μg/l in air. In some aspects, perfuming compounds having a volatility ranging from 70,000 to 100 μg/l in air are referred to as “top notes”.
In some aspects, the second perfume accord comprises perfuming compounds having a volatility ranging from 99 to 50 μg/l in air. In some aspects, perfuming compounds having a volatility ranging from 99 to 50 μg/l in air are referred to as “middle notes”.
In some aspects, the third perfume accord comprises perfuming compounds having a volatility ranging from 49 to 0.1 μg/l in air. In some aspects, perfuming compounds having a volatility ranging from 49 to 0.1 μg/l in air are referred to as “bottom notes”.
In some aspects, the first perfume accord comprises perfuming compounds having a vapor pressure greater than 0.1 mm Hg. In some aspects, perfuming compounds having a vapor pressure greater than 0.1 mm Hg are referred to as “top notes”.
In some aspects, the second perfume accord comprises perfuming compounds having a vapor pressure between 0.1 mm Hg and 0.001 mm Hg. In some aspects, perfuming compounds having a vapor pressure between 0.1 mm Hg and 0.001 mm Hg are referred to as “middle notes”.
In some aspects, the third perfume accord comprises perfuming compounds having a vapor pressure less than 0.001 mm Hg. In some aspects, perfuming compounds having a vapor pressure less than 0.001 mm Hg are referred to as “bottom notes”.
Tables 4 to 10 describe top, middle and bottom note perfuming compounds for watery, green, fruity, citrus, sweet, gourmand and woody notes respectively.
In some aspects, the perception of the second olfactive note after the first olfactive note is at a level sufficient to reduce, prevent, or suppress a reduced perception of the perfume composition by the subject over time.
In some aspects, the perception of the first olfactive note, the second olfactive note, and the third olfactive note is at a level sufficient to reduce, prevent, or suppress a reduced perception of the perfume composition by the subject over time.
In some aspects, the perception of the third olfactive note after the second olfactive note is at a level sufficient to reduce, prevent, or suppress a reduced perception of the perfume composition by the subject over time.
Accordingly, some aspects provide a method to reduce, prevent, or suppress a reduced perception of the perfume composition by a subject over time, comprising exposing the subject to a perfume composition according an aspect presented herein.
In some aspects, the first time is less than one hour after exposure of the subject to the perfuming composition. In some aspects, the first time is 60, or 55, or 50, or 45, or 40, or 35, or 30, or 25, or 20, or 15 minutes after exposure of the subject to the perfuming composition.
In some aspects, the second time is from one to six hours after exposure of the subject to the perfuming composition. In some aspects, the second time is from one to five hours after exposure of the subject to the perfuming composition. In some aspects, the second time is from one to four hours after exposure of the subject to the perfuming composition. In some aspects, the second time is from one to three hours after exposure of the subject to the perfuming composition. In some aspects, the second time is from one to two hours after exposure of the subject to the perfuming composition. In some aspects, the second time is from two to six hours after exposure of the subject to the perfuming composition. In some aspects, the second time is from three to six hours after exposure of the subject to the perfuming composition. In some aspects, the second time is from four to six hours after exposure of the subject to the perfuming composition. In some aspects, the second time is from five to six hours after exposure of the subject to the perfuming composition. In some aspects, the second time is 1, or 1.5, or 2, or 2.5, or 3, or 3.5, or 4, or 4.5, or 5, or 5.5, or 6 six hours after exposure of the subject to the perfuming composition.
In some aspects, the second time is from one to four hours after exposure of the subject to the perfuming composition.
In some aspects, the third time is from four to six hours after exposure of the subject to the perfuming composition. In some aspects, the third time is from four to five hours after exposure of the subject to the perfuming composition. In some aspects, the third time is from five to six hours after exposure of the subject to the perfuming composition. In some aspects, the third time is 4, or 4.5, or 5, or 5.5, or 6 six hours after exposure of the subject to the perfuming composition.
Encapsulated Perfume accords: In some aspects, the first perfume accord further comprises a mixture comprising the first perfume accord encapsulated within a matrix material.
In some aspects, the second perfume accord further comprises a mixture comprising the second perfume accord encapsulated within a matrix material.
In some aspects, the third perfume accord further comprises a mixture comprising the third perfume accord encapsulated within a matrix material.
Without intending to be limited to any particular theory, the matrix material forms a shell, encapsulating and retaining the perfume accord. The matrix material may be permeable to the perfuming accord, and accordingly, in some aspects, the matrix material may release the retained perfuming accord slowly over time, by a mechanism, such as, for example, diffusion.
Alternatively, the matrix material may be impermeable to the perfuming accord. Accordingly, in some aspects, the matrix material may release the retained perfuming accord when the encapsulating matrix material is ruptured.
In some aspects, the rate of release of the first perfuming accord from the encapsulating matrix material defines the first time.
In some aspects, the rate of release of the second perfuming accord from the encapsulating matrix material defines the second time.
In some aspects, the rate of release of the third perfuming accord from the encapsulating matrix material defines the third time.
The matrix material may be any material capable of retaining fragrance. Examples include core-shell type capsules composed of a polymeric rupturable external wall enclosing a perfume accord; a spray-dried matrix type wherein the matrix comprises a water-soluble material; an extrusion granulation type; and, a composite type comprising a plurality of core-shell microcapsules dispersed in a spray-dry carrier.
Examples of the core-shell capsules include but are not limited to PopScent® M, PopScent® MG, PopScent® P and PolyBloom™.
An example of the spray-dried capsules include but is not limited to Fircaps®.
Examples of the extrusion granulation capsules include but are not limited to Flexarome® and Durarome®.
Examples of the composite capsules include but are not limited to PopScent® M-Dry, PopScent® P-Dry and PopScent® M-Dry Plus.
Another example of a capsule suitable for use in the present disclosure are the capsules disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,135,747.
Another example of a capsule suitable for use in the present disclosure are the capsules disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,508,259 A.
Another example of a capsule suitable for use in the present disclosure are the capsules disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,200,949 B1.
Another example of a capsule suitable for use in the present disclosure are the capsules disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,208,463 B2.
Another example of a capsule suitable for use in the present disclosure are the capsules disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2003/0194416 A1.
Referring to Examples 5 and 6, without intending to be limited to any particular theory, in a consumer product, it is often required to use a combination of non-confined (free) fragrance and encapsulated fragrance to provide the desired sensorial benefit. For example, if a fragrance is encapsulated, it may provide little contribution to the odor of a product at point-of-purchase, or when dispensing the product from its container. Therefore, a non-confined fragrance may be added to optimize both odor intensity and hedonics during these stages of product use.
At later times in product use, however, it may be desirable to release a second fragrance to optimize both odor and intensity. “At later times” means some time after experiencing the non-confined fragrance. This may be a short time (for example less than 5 minutes or even less than 1 minute), if the aim is to provide a fragrance blooming effect such as might be desired in the case of a shower gel, liquid hand soap, shampooing product or hand-wash detergent powder; or, it may be a long time (for example more than 6 hours or even more than 1 day), if the aim is to provide a long-lasting fragrance effect such as might be desired in a body lotion, fabric softener, liquid and/or powder fabric detergent.
In some aspects, the subject may become adapted to the non-confined (free) fragrance. In these instances, the perception of the encapsulated fragrance may be enhanced if it is contrasting with respect to the non-confined fragrance.
In some aspects, the time at which a given perfume accord is perceived by the user may be controlled by dispensing the given perfume accord at a given time. For example, the first perfume accord may be dispensed at the first time, the second perfume accord may be dispensed at the second time, and so on. In some embodiments, the subject does not perceive a given perfume accord until it is dispensed.
Accordingly, some aspect presented herein provide a method to reduce, prevent, or suppress a reduced perception of the perfume composition by a subject over time, comprising dispensing sequentially at least partly in the air, the first perfume accord dominated by a first olfactive note followed by the second perfume comprising perfuming compounds forming a second perfume accord dominated by a second olfactive note.
In some aspects, the sequential dispensing is performed using a device configured to sequentially emanate separate fragrances at timed intervals from each other. Devices suitable for this include the AIRWICK® SYMPHONIA device which is configured to receive two separate bottles of fragrance and sequentially direct heat toward each bottle to accelerate the evaporation of fragrance therefrom. In such a device the fragrances contained in each bottle can be different to facilitate a consumer being able to notice the sequential nature of the fragrance emanation.
U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2013/0156408 A1 discloses an example of a device configured to sequentially emanate separate fragrances at timed intervals from each other.
U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2013/0156408 A1 discloses an example of methods to sequentially emanate separate fragrances at timed intervals from each other.
U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2015/0098860 A1 discloses an example of methods to sequentially emanate separate fragrances at timed intervals from each other.
In some aspects, the device comprises dispensing means for dispersing sequentially in the air volatile compositions and a composition as defined in any of the above-described aspects. In some aspects, the device is such that the first accord and the second accord are physically separated by separating means. According to one aspect, the device is an air-freshener. By sequentially diffusing contrasting accords, the intensity of the perfume can be improved over time.
In some aspects, the first time is 60, or 55, or 50, or 45, or 40, or 35, or 30, or 25, or 20, or 15 minutes.
In some aspects, the second time is 1, or 1.5, or 2, or 2.5, or 3, or 3.5, or 4, or 4.5, or 5, or 5.5, or 6 six hours.
In some aspects, the third time is 4, or 4.5, or 5, or 5.5, or 6 six hours.
The compositions of the present disclosure can be used for different applications. According to some aspects, the perfume composition according to the invention consists of an air freshener.
One aspect presented herein provides a manufactured product comprising the perfume composition according to an aspect presented herein. In one aspect, the manufactured product is selected from the group consisting of a perfume, eau de toilette, home care product and a personal care product.
The present invention is best illustrated but is not limited to the following examples.
For this example, 3 perfume accords were prepared: a lemon accord (A1); a lime accord (A2); and, an oriental accord (C1). The lemon accord and lime accords are non-contrasting accords, whereas the lemon and oriental accords are contrasting accords.
Protocol: Each accord was applied to a cellulose type air freshener and placed in an evaluation booth. A panel was then asked to rate the intensity of the odor in each booth. The test was repeated later the same day. The sample preparation and set-up was identical to the first test but there was one important difference: each assessor was asked to wear a small device for 15 minutes prior to the evaluation. The device was a small plastic holder that could be clipped onto the assessors clothing, the holder contained a cellulose pad that was impregnated with the lemon accord. In this way we were able to adapt the assessors to the lemon accord.
The results of the two tests are illustrated in
The protocol described in Example 1 was repeated using a larger panel and different accords. Accords used were a berry accord (A1) and a coconut accord (C1). There was also used an accord that would be “complementary” to the berry accord, that is one that is noticeably different (more different than lime from lemon) but which shares some olfactive quality—there was used an apple accord for this purpose (B1). Results are illustrated in
A sensory test was conducted with 24 panelists. Two contrasting fragrance accords were used, namely “LEMON” (A1) and “MERINGUE” (C1). Three identical odor evaluation booths were set up as follows: one booth contained two 5 cm×5 cm cellulose pads, each impregnated with 2 g of the “LEMON” accord; a second booth contained two 5 cm×5 cm cellulose pads, each impregnated with 2 g of the “MERINGUE” accord; a third booth contained one 5 cm×5 cm cellulose pad impregnated with 2 g of the “LEMON” accord and one 5 cm×5 cm cellulose pad impregnated with the “MERINGUE” accord. Panelists were asked to rate the intensity of the odors in each booth. Normally, it could have been expected that the intensity of the mixture “LEMON+MERINGUE” would fall between the intensity of the LEMON only and MERINGUE only; however, surprisingly the intensity of the mixture was significantly stronger than the intensity of either single accord. Results are illustrated in
Also, it was mentioned by panelist that the citrus aspects were more noticeable when paired with the “meringue” than when smelled alone. This view was echoed by several of the professional evaluators that smelled the samples.
A sensory test was conducted with 22 to 24 panelists in each session, comparing the three fine fragrances shown in three different sesasions, set forth in Tables 1-3 below:
The fine fragrances were applied to glass slides, which were maintained at 32 degrees Celsius. The olfactive profile and perceived global intensity of the fragrances were evaluated at 15 min, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, and 6 hours after application to the glass surfaces, by randomly presenting the slides.
The panelists were asked to describe the olfactive profile by selecting the three most dominant descriptors (out of 7 presented: Green, Citrus, Fruity, Floral, Woody, Musk, Sweet/Gourmand). Panelists were also able to mention when they perceived nothing (i.e., were not able to describe the olfactive profile).
The panelists were asked to rate the perceived global intensity of the fragrances at 15 min, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, and 6 hours after application to the glass surfaces, by randomly presenting the slides.
Adaptation was determined by applying the fragrance to a cellulose pad, and presenting the fragrance to the panelist for two minutes before the glass slides were presented again to the panelists.
The Reference Fine Fragrance: Referring to
Referring to
The Attention Modulation Fragrance “HAF A”: Referring to
Referring to
The Attention Modulation Fragrance “HAF A2”: Referring to
Referring to
Taken together, these data suggest that the olfactive profiles of perfume compositions according to some aspects presented herein change more over time, compared to a reference composition. Additionally, less adaptation is observed by subjects for perfume compositions according to some aspects presented herein change more over time, compared to a reference composition. Finally, the perfume compositions according to some aspects presented herein are more long lasting than reference compositions, as evidenced by a lower decrease in perceived intensity after a 2 minute adaptation.
For this example, 3 fragrances were prepared: an almond/coconut/woody fragrance, suitable for direct addition to a consumer product base (ACM1); an almond/coconut/woody fragrance, suitable for encapsulation in a poly-urea core-shell capsule (ACM2); and, a fruity/mango/passion-fruit fragrance, suitable for encapsulation in a poly-urea core-shell capsule (FMP1). The almond/coconut/woody fragrance (ACM1) and the almond/coconut/woody fragrance (ACM2) are non-contrasting fragrances; whereas, the almond/coconut/woody fragrance (ACM1) and the fruity/mango/passion-fruit fragrance (FMP1) are contrasting fragrances.
A first test was performed as follows. 1.00 g of fragrance ACM1 and 1.00 g of fragrance ACM2 were applied to separate 2″×2″ cellulose pads (Carlson Filtration Ltd., product reference EE3.0) and placed in glass petri-dishes. 0.25 g fragrance FMP1 was applied to a 1″×1″ cellulose pad (Carlson Filtration Ltd., product reference EE3.0) and place in a glass petri-dish. The cellulose pads comprising fragrance were then placed in to three identical odor evaluation booths with volume of 390 cu. ft set to 3 air changes per hour. The environmental conditions in the cabins during the test were 72° F., 35% RH with 3 air changes per hour. A portable desk fan, set on low, was placed in each cabin to circulate the air within.
After one hour the fragrance intensity in the cabins was assessed by 16 untrained but experienced assessors. The term “untrained but experienced assessors” refers to individuals who have not received formal olfactive training but who are used to participating in such sensory panels and have experience in rating fragrance intensity.
The assessors were instructed to smell the odor the cabins and rate the fragrance intensity using a 1 to 7 category scale, where 1 indicates no perceivable odor and 7 indicates very strong odor. Presentation of the test cabins was blind, balanced, randomized, and sequential monadic. Assessors were instructed to wait 60 seconds between successive assessments.
The results of this first test are shown in Table 11.
A second test was performed later the same day. The sample preparation and test set-up was identical to the first test but there was one important difference: each assessor was asked to wear a small device for 15 minutes prior to the assessing the intensity of fragrances in the cabins. The device was a small plastic holder that could be clipped onto the assessors clothing, the holder contained a 2″×2″ cellulose pad that was impregnated with 1.00 g of the almond/coconut/woody fragrance (ACM1). In this way we were able to adapt the assessors to the almond/coconut/woody fragrance (ACM1).
17 untrained but experienced assessors participated in the second test, the results of which are shown in Table 12.
The mean panelist intensities of the two tests are shown together in
The consumer product used in this example was a structured transparent shower gel, the composition of which was as follows:
A first shower gel formulation (SG1) comprising a reference (non-contrasting) fragrance/capsule system was prepared as follows. 3.00 g of the almond/coconut/woody fragrance (ACM1, see Example 4) was admixed with 294.0 g of the structured, transparent shower gel composition. To this was added 3.00 g of a poly-urea core-shell capsule suspension that comprised a mean particle diameter of between 300 and 400 microns and comprised approximately 30% by weight of the almond/coconut/woody fragrance (ACM2, see example 4). The sample was gently stirred using a glass rod until the capsules were evenly distributed throughout the shower gel.
A second shower gel formulation (SG2) comprising a contrasting fragrance/capsule system according to the present invention was prepared as follows. 3.00 g of the almond/coconut/woody fragrance (ACM1, see Example 4) was admixed with 296.25 g of the structured, transparent shower gel composition. To this was added 0.75 g of a poly-urea core-shell capsule suspension that comprised a mean particle diameter of between 300 and 400 microns and comprised approximately 30% by weight of the fruity/mango/passion-fruit fragrance (FMP1, see example 4). The sample was gently stirred using a glass rod until the capsules were evenly distributed throughout the shower gel.
A third shower gel formulation (SG3), comprising only a non-confined (free) fragrance was prepared as follows. 2.00 g of the almond/coconut/woody fragrance (ACM1, see Example 4) was admixed with 198.00 g of the structured, transparent shower gel composition.
A first test was performed as follows. 50 g of shower gel (SG1) was added to each of two 4 oz amber glass jars. One of the glass jars was capped. The contents of the second glass jar were vigorously mixed for 10 seconds and then capped (the mixing results in rupture of some of the fragrance capsules, which mimics the breakage of the capsules that the consumer experiences when using the shower gel). Two 4 oz amber glass jars were prepared in the same way using shower gel (SG2).
A panel of assessors was asked to smell the odor in the jars and rate the fragrance intensity using a 1 to 7 scale, where 1 indicates no perceivable odor and 7 indicates very strong odor intensity. Samples were presented blind, labelled with 3-digit random codes. Sample presentation to the panelists was balanced according to the following four orders of presentation:
The results of the first test are shown in Table 13. The panelist data was analyzed using a repeated measures ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc analysis of the differences between means with a confidence interval of 95%.
A second test was repeated later the same day. The sample preparation and set-up was identical to the first test but there was one important difference: after rating the fragrance intensity of the two unmixed shower gels, assessors were instructed to continuously smell (but not rate) the odor in a fifth jar for between approximately 30 seconds and 1 minute. This fifth jar comprised 50 g of shower gel (SG3). In this way we were able to adapt the assessors to the non-confined almond/coconut/woody fragrance (ACM1). Thus, sample presentation to the panelists was approximately balanced according to the following four orders of presentation:
The results of the first test are shown in Table 14. The panelist data was analyzed using a repeated measures ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc analysis of the differences between means with a confidence interval of 95%.
Publications cited throughout this document are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. Although the various aspects of the invention have been illustrated above by reference to examples and preferred embodiments, it will be appreciated that the scope of the invention is defined not by the foregoing description but by the following claims properly construed under principles of patent law.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 18162659.9 | Mar 2018 | EP | regional |
This application claims the benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 62/609,653, filed 22 Dec. 2017, and EP application no. 18162659.9, filed 19 Mar. 2018, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62609653 | Dec 2017 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 16757938 | Apr 2020 | US |
| Child | 18668323 | US |
