Claims
- 1. A method of making an array of metal-ligand compounds, said method comprising:
(a) synthesizing a first metal-binding ligand and a second metal-binding ligand on first and second regions on a substrate; and (b) delivering a first metal ion to said first metal-binding ligand and a second metal ion to said second metal-binding ligand to form a first metal-ligand compound and a second metal-ligand compound.
- 2. The method as recited in claim 1 further comprising the step of
(c) activating said first metal-ligand compound with a first activator to form a first activated metal-ligand compound and said second metal-ligand compound with a second activator to form a second activated metal-ligand compound.
- 3. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein step (a) comprises:
(i) synthesizing a first component of said first metal-binding ligand and a first component of said second metal-binding ligand on first and second regions of said substrate; and (ii) synthesizing a second component of said first metal-binding ligand and a second component of said second metal-binding ligand on said first and second regions of said substrate.
- 4. The method as recited in claim 2 wherein said first and second activated metal-ligand compounds are organometallic compounds.
- 5. The method as recited in claim 2 wherein said first and second activated metal-ligand compounds are homogeneous catalysts.
- 6. The method as recited in claim 5 wherein said homogeneous catalysts are polymerization catalysts.
- 7. The method as recited in claim 2 wherein said first and second activated metal-ligand compounds are heterogeneous catalysts.
- 8. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said first and second metal-ligand compounds are metallocene compounds.
- 9. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said first and second metal-ligand compounds are activator-free catalysts.
- 10. The method as recited in claim 9 wherein said activator-free catalysts are homogeneous catalysts.
- 11. The method as recited in claim 9 wherein said activator-free catalysts are heterogeneous catalysts.
- 12. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said first said second metal-binding ligands are neutral bidentate ligands.
- 13. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said first and second metal-binding ligands are monoanionic bidentate ligands.
- 14. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said first and second metal-binding ligands are chelating diamine ligands.
- 15. The method as recited in claim 14 wherein said chelating diamine ligands are 1,2-diamine ligands.
- 16. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said first and second metal-binding ligands are salen ligands.
- 17. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said first and second metal-binding ligands are ancillary ligands.
- 18. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said first and second metal-binding ligands have a coordination number (CN) independently selected from the group consisting of 1, 2 and 3.
- 19. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said first and second metal-binding ligands have a charge independently selected from the group consisting of 0, −1, −2, −3 and −4.
- 20. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said first and second metal-binding ligands have a coordination number (CN) and charge independently selected from the group consisting of (i) CN=2, charge=−2; (ii) CN =2, charge =-1; (iii) CN=1, charge=−1; (iv) CN=2, charge=neutral; (v) CN=3, charge=−1; (vi) CN=1, charge=−2; (vii) CN=3, charge=−2; (viii) CN=2, charge=−3; and (ix) CN=3, charge=−3.
- 21. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said first and second metal-binding ligands are ancillary ligands each having a charge that is greater than the coordination number.
- 22. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said first and second metal ions are each transition metal ions.
- 23. The method as recited in claim 22 wherein said first and second metal-binding ligands are neutral bidentate ligands, and each of said transition metal ions is stabilized by a labile neutral Lewis base.
- 24. The method as recited in claim 22 wherein said first and second metal-binding ligands are chelating diamine ligands, and each of said transition metal ions is a Group 10 transition metal.
- 25. The method as recited in claim 22 wherein said first and second metal-binding ligands are monoanionic bidentate ligands, and each of said transition metal ions is stabilized by a labile anionic leaving group ligand.
- 26. The method as recited in claim 2 wherein said first and second activators are independently selected from the group consisting of MAO, [Q]+[NCA]−, [H(OEt2)]+[BAr4]− and [H(OEt2)]+[B(C6F5)4]−.
- 27. The method as recited in claim 2 wherein said first and second activators are independently selected and become counterions after activation.
- 28. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said first and second metal ions are independently selected from the group consisting of Pd, Ni, Pt, Ir, Rh, Cr, Mo, W and Co.
- 29. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said first and second metal-binding ligands are supported.
- 30. The method as recited in claim 29 wherein said first and second metal-binding ligands are attached directly to said substrate.
- 31. The method as recited in claim 29 wherein said first and second metal-binding ligands are attached to said substrate through first and second linker groups.
- 32. The method as recited in claim 29 wherein said first and second metal-binding ligands are attached to first and second synthesis support on said substrate.
- 33. The method as recited in claim 32 wherein said first and second metal-binding ligands are attached directly to said first and second synthesis support.
- 34. The method as recited in claim 32 wherein said first and second metal-binding ligands are attached to said first and second synthesis support through first and second linker groups.
- 35. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said first and second metal-binding ligands are unsupported.
- 36. The method as recited in claim 1 further comprising the step of screening said array of metal-ligand compounds for a useful property.
- 37. The method as recited in claim 36 wherein said useful property is a polymerization characteristic.
- 38. The method as recited in claim 36 wherein said useful property is a mechanical property.
- 39. The method as recited in claim 36 wherein said useful property is an optical property.
- 40. The method as recited in claim 36 wherein said useful property is a physical property.
- 41. The method as recited in claim 36 wherein said useful property is a morphological property.
- 42. The method as recited in claim 36 wherein said useful property is the lifetime of said metal-ligand compounds.
- 43. The method as recited in claim 36 wherein said useful property is the stability of said metal-ligand compounds with respect to specific reaction conditions.
- 44. The method as recited in claim 36 wherein said useful property is the selectivity of said metal-ligand compounds for a particular reaction.
- 45. The method as recited in claim 36 wherein said useful property is the conversion efficiency of said metal-ligand compounds for a particular reaction.
- 46. The method as recited in claim 36 wherein said useful property is the activity of said metal-ligand compounds for a particular reaction.
- 47. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said substrate has a configuration selected from the group consisting of: (i) a porous or non-porous substrate, wherein a sample chamber is filled with reactant gas at pressure P and each of said catalysts is selectively activated; and (ii) a porous substrate, wherein reactant gas at pressure P is driven through the supported catalyst and substrate into a region of lower pressure, wherein each of said catalysts is selectively activated.
- 48. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the components of said homogeneous catalysts are delivered to a synthesis support material contained on said substrate, said synthesis support material and said substrate having a configuration selected from the group consisting of (i) a porous or non-porous synthesis support material contained in wells wherein the components flow to or from the top of said wells through a hole in the bottom of said wells; (ii) a porous or non-porous synthesis support material contained in wells wherein the components flow into and out of the top of said wells; and (iii) a porous or non-porous support which serves as both said synthesis support material and said substrate, wherein the components are deposited directly onto the surface of said substrate.
- 49. The method as recited in claim 36 wherein said array is screened in a manner selected from the group consisting of: (i) screening said array simultaneously, (ii) screening said array serially; and (iii) screening said array in a spatially selective manner, wherein the detector is distanced from said array, said array is screened, and then the detector is repositioned so that a portion of said array is screened.
- 50. The method as recited in claim 36 wherein said useful property is screened for using a technique selected from the group consisting of scanned mass spectrometry, chromatography, ultraviolet imaging, visible imaging, infrared imaging, electromagnetic imaging, ultraviolet spectroscopy, visible spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, electromagnetic spectroscopy and acoustical methods.
- 51. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein each of said metal-ligand compounds is synthesized in an area of less than 25 cm2.
- 52. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein each of said metal-ligand compounds is synthesized in an area of less than 10 cm2.
- 53. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein each of said metal-ligand compounds is synthesized in an area of less than 1 cm2.
- 54. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein each of said metal-ligand compounds is synthesized in an area of less than 1 mm2.
- 55. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein each of said metal-ligand compounds is synthesized in an area of less than 10,000 μm2.
- 56. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein each of said metal-ligand compounds is synthesized in an area of less than 1,000 μm2.
- 57. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein each of said metal-ligand compounds is synthesized in an area of less than 100 μm2.
- 58. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein each of said metal-ligand compounds is synthesized in an area of less than 1 μm2.
- 59. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein at least 10 different metal-ligand compounds are synthesized on said substrate.
- 60. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein at least 20 different metal-ligand compounds are synthesized on said substrate.
- 61. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein at least 50 different metal-ligand compounds are synthesized on said substrate.
- 62. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein at least 100 different metal-ligand compounds are synthesized on said substrate.
- 63. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein at least 200 different metal-ligand compounds are synthesized on said substrate.
- 64. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein at least 500 different metal-ligand compounds are synthesized on said substrate.
- 65. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein at least 1,000 different metal-ligand compounds are synthesized on said substrate.
- 66. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein at least 1,000 different metal-ligand compounds are synthesized on said substrate.
- 67. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein at least 106 different metal-ligand compounds are synthesized on said substrate.
- 68. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said first and second metal-binding ligands are [2,2] or [2,1] ligands and wherein each of said metal-binding ligands is contacted with a main group metal alkyl complex such that said first and second metal-ligand compounds are each in the mono- or di-protic form.
- 69. The method as recited in claim 68 wherein said main group metal alkyl complex is a trialkylaluminum complex.
- 70. A method as recited in claim 68 wherein said array of metal-ligand compounds is useful for an organic transformation reaction requiring Lewis acidic sites.
- 71. A method as recited in claim 70 wherein said organic transformation reaction is selected from the group consisting of stereo-selective coupling reactions, olefin oligomerization reactions and olefin polymerization reactions.
- 72. The method as recited in claim 68 wherein said array of metal-ligand compounds is further modified by reaction with an ion-exchange activator to produce an array of ligand-stabilized cationic aluminum reagents.
- 73. The method as recited in claim 72 wherein said ion-exchange activator is [PhNMe2H] [B(C6F5)4].
- 74. The method as recited in claim 72 wherein said ligand-stabilized cationic aluminum reagents can be used as catalysts for a reaction selected from the group consisting of organic coupling reactions, olefin oligomerization reactions and olefin polymerization reactions.
- 75. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the components of said first and second metal-ligand compounds are delivered to said substrate using a liquid dispensing techniques in combination with a masking technique.
- 76. A method for preparing a polymer blend, said method comprising contacting at least two metal-ligand compounds prepared in accordance with the method recited in claim 1 with a cocatalyst and a monomer.
- 77. A method for polymerizing olefins, diolefins and acetylenically unsaturated monomers, said method comprising contacting at least one metal-ligand compounds prepared in accordance with the method recited in claim 1 with a cocatalyst and a monomer.
- 78. A method of making an array of metal-ligand compounds, said method comprising:
(a) delivering a first metal-binding ligand and a second metal-binding ligand on first and second regions on a substrate; and (b) delivering a first metal ion to said first metal-binding ligand and a second metal ion to said second metal-binding ligand to form a first metal-ligand compound and a second metal-ligand compound.
- 79. A method of making and screening an array of metal-ligand compounds, said method comprising:
(a) synthesizing a spatially segregated array of ligands; (b) delivering a suitable metal precursor to each element of said array of ligands to create an array of metal-ligand compounds; (c) optionally activating said array of metal-ligand compounds with a suitable cocatalyst; (d) optionally modifying said array of metal-ligand compounds with a third component; and (e) screening said array of metal-ligand compounds for a useful property using a parallel or rapid serial screening technique selected from the group consisting of optical imaging, optical spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, chromatography, acoustic imaging, acoustic spectroscopy, infrared imaging and infrared spectroscopy.
- 80. An array of at least 10 different metal-ligand compounds at known locations on a substrate.
- 81. The array as recited in claim 80 wherein said array contains more than 20 different metal-ligand compounds at known locations on said substrate.
- 82. The array as recited in claim 80 wherein said array contains more than 50 different metal-ligand compounds at known locations on said substrate.
- 83. The array as recited in claim 80 wherein said array contains more than 100 different metal-ligand compounds at known locations on said substrate.
- 84. The array as recited in claim 80 wherein said array contains more than 200 different metal-ligand compounds at known locations on said substrate.
- 85. The array as recited in claim 80 wherein said array contains more than 500 different metal-ligand compounds at known locations on said substrate.
- 86. The array as recited in claim 80 wherein said array contains more than 1,000 different metal-ligand compounds at known locations on said substrate.
- 87. The array as recited in claim 80 wherein said array contains more than 10,000 different metal-ligand compounds at known locations on said substrate.
- 88. The array as recited in claim 80 wherein said array contains more than 106 different metal-ligand compounds at known locations on said substrate.
- 89. The array as recited in claim 80 wherein each of the metal-ligand compounds of said array has similar functionality, thereby allowing the metal-ligand compounds of said array to be compared for a selected property.
Parent Case Info
[0001] This application is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 60/______, filed Jun. 9, 1997 (Attorney Docket No. 016703-000340), which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 60/035,366, filed on Jan. 10, 1997, which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 60/029,255, filed on Oct. 25, 1996, which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 60/028,106, filed on Oct. 9, 1996, which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 60/016,102, filed on Jul. 23, 1996, the teachings of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Provisional Applications (5)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
|
60048987 |
Jun 1997 |
US |
|
60035366 |
Jan 1997 |
US |
|
60029255 |
Oct 1996 |
US |
|
60028106 |
Oct 1996 |
US |
|
60016102 |
Jul 1996 |
US |