Preparation of .alpha.-oxo-.alpha.-(3-alkoxycarbonyl-2,2-dimethyl-cycloprop-1-yl)-methane-phosphonic acid esters

Abstract

A process for the preparation of an .alpha.-oxo-.alpha.-(3-alkoxycarbonyl-2,2-dimethyl-cycloprop-1-yl)-methane-phosphonic acid ester of the formula ##STR1## in which R is alkyl or a radical customary in the alcohol component of pyrethroids, andR.sup.1 is alkyl or phenyl, or the two radicals R.sup.1 together are alkanediyl,comprising reacting .beta.,.beta.-dimethyl-acrylic acid chloride of the formula ##STR2## with a phosphorous acid ester of the formulaR.sup.4 O--P(OR.sup.1).sub.2in whichR.sup.4 is alkyl,at a temperature between about 0.degree. and 100.degree. C., to produce the novel compound 1-oxo-3-methyl-2-butene-phosphonic acid of the formula ##STR3## which is then reacted with a sulphuranylidene-acetic acid ester of the formula ##STR4## in which R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each independently is alkyl or together are alkanediyl,at a temperature between about 0.degree. and 100.degree. C.

Description

The invention relates to an unobvious process for the preparation of certain .alpha.-oxo-.alpha.-(3-alkoxycarbonyl-2,2-dimethylcycloprop-1-yl)-methane-phosphonic acid esters (which can be used as intermediate products for the preparation of pesticides) and to new intermediate products for this process and to a process for their preparation.

.alpha.-Oxo-.alpha.-(3-alkoxycarbonyl-2,2-dimethyl-cycloprop-1-yl)-methane-phosphonic acid esters are the subject of German Patent Applications No. P 29 17 260.3 [=No. Le A 19 632] and No. P 29 29 670.6 [=No. Le A 19 821].

The present invention now provides:

(1) a process for the preparation of an .alpha.-oxo-.alpha.-(3-alkoxycarbonyl-2,2-dimethyl-cycloprop-1-yl)-methane-phosphonic acid ester of the general formula ##STR5## in which R represents alkyl or a radical customary in the alcohol component of pyrethroids and

R.sup.1 represents alkyl or phenyl, or the two radicals R.sup.1 together represent straight-chain or branched alkanediyl(alkylene), characterized in that a 1-oxo-3-methyl-2-butene-phosphonic acid ester of the general formula ##STR6## in which R.sup.1 has the meaning indicated above, is reacted with a sulphuranylidene-acetic acid ester of the general formula ##STR7## in which R has the meaning indicated above and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 individually represent alkyl or together represent alkanediyl(alkylene), if appropriate in the presence of a diluent, at a temperature between about 0.degree. and 100.degree. C.;

(2), as new compounds, the 1-oxo-3-methyl-2-butene-phosphonic acid esters of the general formula ##STR8## in which R.sup.1 represents alkyl or phenyl, or the two radicals R.sup.1 together represent straight-chain or branched alkanediyl (alkylene);

and (3) a process for the preparation of a 1-oxo-3-methyl-2-butene-phosphonic acid ester of the formula (II) above, characterized in that .beta.,.beta.-dimethyl-acrylic acid chloride, of the formula ##STR9## is reacted with a phosphorous acid ester of the general formula R.sup.4 O--P(OR.sup.1).sub.2 (V), in which R.sup.1 has the meaning indicated above and R.sup.4 represents alkyl, preferably methyl or ethyl, if appropriate in the presence of a diluent, at a temperature between about 0.degree. and 100.degree. C.

It is surprising that .alpha.-oxo-.alpha.-(3-alkoxy-carbonyl-2,2-dimethyl-cycloprop-1-yl)-methane-phosphonic acid esters are obtained in very high yields by the process according to the invention since, in reactions of .beta.,.beta.-dimethylacrylic acid derivatives with sulpuranylidene-acetic acid esters, the corresponding cyclopropane derivatives are in general formed only in low yields.

If, for example, 1-oxo-3-methyl-2-butene-phosphonic acid dimethyl ester and dimethylsulphuranylidene-acetic acid methyl ester are used as starting materials, the reaction, according to the invention, of these compounds can be outlined by the following equation: ##STR10##

The process according to the invention described above under (1) ("process (1)") is preferably carried out using a suitable solvent or diluent. Possible solvents and diluents are virtually any of the inert organic solvents. These include, as preferences, aliphatic and aromatic, optionally chlorinated hydrocarbons, for example pentane, hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylenes, methylene chloride, ethylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, chlorobenzene and dichlorobenzenes; ethers, for example diethyl ether, dibutyl ether, tetrahydrofuran and dioxane; and nitriles, for example acetonitrile and propionitrile.

The reaction temperature in process (1) is in general kept between 0.degree. and 100.degree. C., preferably between about 20.degree. and 80.degree. C. The process is in general carried out under normal pressure.

The starting compounds of the formulae (II) and (III) are usually employed in approximately equimolar amounts for carrying out process (1), that is to say the molar ratio of the components is 1 to 1.+-.0.1. In a preferred embodiment of the process, the 1-oxo-3-methyl-2-butene-phosphonic acid ester is initially introduced, if appropriate in one of the diluents indicated above, and the sulphuranylidene-acetic acid ester is added. The mixture of the components is stirred at the temperature indicated above until the reaction has ended; the solvent is then carefully distilled off in vacuo, whereupon the product of the formula (I) remains as an oily residue.

Formula (II) provides a definition of the new 1-oxo-3-methyl-2-butene-phosphonic acid esters to be used as starting substances. Preferably, in this formula,

R.sup.1 represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or phenyl, or the two radicals R.sup.1 together represent 2,2-dimethyl-propane-1,3-diyl.

Examples which may be mentioned are 1-oxo-3-methyl-2-butene-phosphonic acid dimethyl ester, diethyl ester and diphenyl ester and 2-oxo-2-(1-oxo-3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)-5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane.

The new 1-oxo-3-methyl-2-butene-phosphonic acid esters of the formula (II) are obtained by the process described above under (3), by reacting .beta.,.beta.-dimethylacrylic acid chloride of the formula (IV) above with phosphorous acid esters of the formula (V) above, for example with trimethyl phosphite or triethyl phosphite or 2-methoxy- or 2-ethoxy-5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane, if appropriate in the presence of a diluent, for example methylene chloride (or another of the solvents indicated above for process (1)), at a temperature between 0.degree. and 100.degree. C., preferably between about 20.degree. and 80.degree. C., and if appropriate distilling the crude product.

The phosphorous acid esters to be employed as starting materials are known, as is .beta.,.beta.-dimethyl-acrylic acid chloride.

Formula (III) provides a definition of the sulphuranylidene-acetic acid esters to be used as further starting materials in process (1).

Preferably, in this formula,

R represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 individually represent methyl or together represent butane-1,4-diyl (tetramethylene).

Examples of the starting materials of the formula (III) which may be mentioned are: dimethylsulphuranylidene-acetic acid methyl ester, ethyl ester, n-propyl ester, iso-propyl ester, n-butyl ester, iso-butyl ester, sec.-butyl ester and tert.-butyl ester and tetramethylene-sulphuranylidene-acetic acid methyl ester, ethyl ester, n-propyl ester, iso-propyl ester, n-butyl ester, iso-butyl ester, sec.-butyl ester and tert.-butyl ester.

Compounds of the formula (III) are known (see J. Org. Chem. 32 (1967), 3351; U.S. Pat. No. 3,644,487 and DE-OS (German Published Specification) No. 2,724,734).

3-Formyl-2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid esters are obtained from the .alpha.-oxo-.alpha.-(3-alkoxycarbonyl-2,2-dimethyl-cycloprop-1-yl)-methanephosphonic acid esters of the formula (I) by reaction with reducing agents, for example sodium tetrahydridoborate (sodium boranate), if appropriate using diluents, for example water and/or methanol and/or methylene chloride, at temperatures between -20.degree. and +50.degree. C., preferably between -10.degree. and +30.degree. C., and reaction of the resulting .alpha.-hydroxy-.alpha.-(3-alkoxycarbonyl-2,2-dimethylcycloprop-1-yl)-methane-phosphonic acid esters with aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solutions, for example aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, if appropriate in the presence of a water-immiscible solvent, for example methylene chloride, at temperatures between 0.degree. and 100.degree. C., preferably between 10.degree. and 50.degree. C., in accordance with the equation below (see Chem. Ber. 103 (1970), 2984-2986): ##STR11##

3-Formyl-2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid esters can be used as intermediate products for the preparation of insecticidally and acaricidally active pyrethroids (see DE-OS (German Published Specification) No. 2,326,077).

EXAMPLE ##STR12##

A solution of 12 g of potassium hydroxide in 12 ml of water mixed with 55 ml of saturated potassium carbonate solution was added to an intensively stirred solution, cooled to 10.degree. to 15.degree. C., of 52 g (0.2 mol) of tetramethylene-sulphonium-acetic acid ethyl ester bromide in 180 ml of chloroform. The reaction mixture was stirred at 10.degree. C. for 15 minutes and then filtered. The two phases of the filtrate were separated. The chloroform phase was dried over sodium sulphate and, after filtration, the solvent was carefully distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure, during which the bath temperature did not exceed 30.degree. C. The product which remained was employed at tetramethylenesulphuranylidene-acetic acid ethyl ester (100% pure). ##STR13##

83 g (0.5 mol) of triethyl phosphite were added dropwise to a solution of 60 g (0.5 mol) of .beta.,.beta.-dimethylacrylic acid chloride in 200 ml of methylene chloride in the course of one hour. The reaction mixture was stirred for a further hour at 40.degree. to 45.degree. C.; the solvent was then distilled off under reduced pressure and the crude product which remained was purified by vacuum distillation. 90 g (82% of theory) of 1-oxo-3-methyl-2-butene-phosphonic acid diethyl ester of boiling point 72.degree. C./0.01 mbar were obtained.

Elementary analysis: calculated: C 49.1%; H 7.7%; O 29.1%; P 14.1%; found: C 48.5%; H 7.6%; O 28.9%; P 13.4%. ##STR14##

36 g (0.2 mol) of tetramethylenesulphuranylidene-acetic acid ethyl ester were added to a solution of 44 g (0.2 mol) of 1-oxo-3-methyl-2-butene-phosphonic acid diethyl ester in 150 ml of toluene in the course of 10 minutes. During this addition, the internal temperature rose to about 55.degree. C. The reaction mixture was stirred for some hours; the solvent was then carefully distilled off under reduced pressure. 58 g (95% of theory) of .alpha.-oxo-.alpha.-(3-ethoxycarbonyl-2,2-dimethyl-cycloprop-1-yl)-methane-phosphonic acid diethyl ester were obtained as an oily residue.

Elementary analysis: calculated: C 51.0%; H 7.5%; O 31.4%; P 10.1%; found: C 50.4%; H 7.4%; O 31.3%; P 9.7%.

It will be appreciated that the instant specification and examples are set forth by way of illustration and not limitation, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process for the preparation of an .alpha.-oxo-.alpha.-(3-alkoxycarbonyl-2,2-dimethyl-cycloprop-1-yl)-methane-phosphonic acid ester of the formula ##STR15## in which R is alkyl or a radical customary in the alcohol component of pyrethroids, and

R.sup.1 is alkyl or phenyl, or the two radicals R.sup.1 together are alkanediyl,

comprising reacting a 1-oxo-3-methyl-2-butene-phosphonic acid ester of the formula ##STR16## with a sulphuranylidene-acetic acid ester of the formula ##STR17## in which R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each independently is alkyl or together are alkanediyl,

at a temperature between about 0.degree. and 100.degree. C.

2. A process according to claim 1, wherein the reaction is effected in an inert organic solvent.

3. A process according to claim 1, wherein the reaction is effected at a temperature between about 20.degree. and 80.degree. C.

4. A process according to claim 1, wherein about 0.9 to 1.1 mols of the acetic acid ester are employed per mol of the phosphonic acid ester.

5. A process according to claim 1, in which R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or phenyl, or the two radicals R.sup.1 together are 2,2-dimethyl-propane-1,3-diyl.

6. A process according to claim 1, in which R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are both methyl or together are butane-1,4-diyl.

7. A process according to claim 1,

in which

R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl,

R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or phenyl, or the two radicals R.sup.1 together are 2,2-dimethyl-propane-1,3-diyl,

R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are both methyl or together are butane-1,4-diyl, and

R.sup.4 is methyl or ethyl, and

wherein the reaction is effected in an inert organic solvent at a temperature between about 20.degree. and 80.degree. C. employing about 0.9 to 1.1 mols of the acetic acid ester per mol of the phosphonic acid ester.