Claims
- 1. A printing machine for recording an image on a recording medium with marking particles, wherein process of making marking particles comprising the steps of:
dispersing pigment aggregates and wax in a solution of particle latex constituents; emulsifying the solution; blending the solution; aggregating and coalescing the solution to form toner particles; subjecting the solution to an acoustic slow wave frequency to cause pore fluid motion within pigment aggregates thereby breaking up pigment aggregates in the solution, said subjecting step is applied during one or more of said steps of: said dispersing, emulsifying, blending or aggregating; washing the toner particles; and drying the toner particles.
- 2. The process of making toner comprising the steps of:
dispersing pigment aggregates and wax in a solution of particle latex constituents; emulsifying the solution; blending the solution; aggregating and coalescing the solution to form toner particles; subjecting the solution to an acoustic slow wave frequency to cause pore fluid motion within pigment aggregates thereby breaking up pigment aggregates in the solution, said subjecting step is applied during one or more of said steps of: said dispersing, emulsifying, blending or aggregating; washing the toner particles; and drying the toner particles.
- 3. The process of claim 2 wherein said subjecting step includes the step of: determining the acoustic slow wave frequency.
- 4. The process in accordance with claim 3, wherein said determining step includes calculating said acoustic slow wave frequency from the following equation:
- 5. The process of claim 4, wherein said subjecting step includes the step of: varying the acoustic slow wave frequency in response to fluid viscosity of the solution.
- 6. The process of claim 3, wherein subjecting step includes the step of applying a fixed frequency from about 5 KHz to 4 MHz
- 7. The process of claim 2, wherein said pigment aggregates have a substantially high cohesion between 1700 nN and 200,000 nN.
- 8. The process of claim 2, wherein said pigment aggregates is selected from a group consisting of Blue 27 pigments.
- 9. The process of claim 4, further comprising employing a feedback technique to track pigment aggregate breakup as a function of time to optimum ultrasonic frequency as the system parameters change.
- 10. The process of claim 9, wherein said feedback technique is a signal processing technique.
- 11. The process of claim 9, wherein said feedback technique is an adaptive frequency determination technique.
- 12. The process for dispersing pigment aggregates in a solution, comprising the steps of:
providing a solution of pigment aggregates; and subjecting the solution to an acoustic slow wave frequency to cause pore fluid motion within pigment aggregates thereby breaking up pigment aggregates in the solution.
- 13. The process of claim 12 wherein said subjecting step includes the step of: determining the acoustic slow wave frequency of the pigment aggregates in the solution.
- 14. The process in accordance with claim 13, wherein said determining step includes calculating said acoustic slow wave frequency from the following equation:
- 15. The process of claim 14, wherein said subjecting step includes the step of varying the acoustic slow wave frequency in response to fluid viscosity of the solution.
- 16. The process of claim 12, wherein said pigment aggregates have a substantially high cohesion between 1700 nN and 200,000 nN.
- 17. The process of claim 12, wherein said pigment aggregates is selected from a group consisting of pigments (Yellow 108, Red 49, Blue 1:2, Red 226, Blue 15, Yellow 24, Red 216, Red 172, Red 49:2, Red 49:1, Red 178, Red 48:1, Yellow 117, Red 53:1, Red 48:3, Yellow 104, Blue 24:x, Red 52:1, Blue 63, Red 63:1, Red 57:1, Red 48:2, Red 60:1, Red 200, Blue 24, Red 67, Blue 27, Red 66, Yellow 32, Yellow 119, Red 101, and Red 102).
- 18. The process of claim 14, further comprising employing a feedback technique to track pigment aggregate breakup as a function of time to optimum ultrasonic frequency as the system parameters change.
- 19. The process of claim 18, wherein said feedback technique is a signal processing technique.
- 20. The process of claim 18, wherein said feedback technique is an adaptive frequency determination technique.
PROCESS FOR MAKING TONER
[0001] This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/699,939, filed Oct. 30, 2000.
Continuation in Parts (1)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
09699939 |
Oct 2000 |
US |
Child |
10123025 |
Apr 2002 |
US |