This application claims priority to German Patent Application No. DE 10 2019 210 057.0, filed on Jul. 9, 2019, the contents of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
The present invention relates to a rechargeable battery with housing parts, between which is accommodated at least one rechargeable battery cell, an internal volume formed by the housing parts being at least partially full, during operation, of a liquid fluid.
Rechargeable batteries are electrical power sources generally comprising a plurality of rechargeable battery cells. Such rechargeable batteries are suitable for use in numerous applications and are also increasingly being used in motor vehicles.
Increasing demands placed on the storage capacity and/or performance of rechargeable batteries are resulting in the rechargeable battery cells requiring temperature control, in particular cooling. The rechargeable battery cells are here accommodated in a housing of the rechargeable battery, wherein a temperature control means is usually mounted externally on the housing in a heat-transferring manner in order to control the temperature of the rechargeable battery cells.
Cooling efficiency may be boosted by the housing, during operation, being full of a liquid fluid which surrounds the rechargeable battery cells and thus controls their temperature, in particular cools them.
Such a rechargeable battery is known for example from DE 10 2018 215 036 A1. The rechargeable battery housing here comprises two housing parts which bound an internal volume of the housing in which rechargeable battery cells of the rechargeable battery are accommodated.
Due to the liquid fluids present in the housing during operation, such rechargeable batteries are subjected to increased mechanical loads, in particular internal pressures. The maintenance of such rechargeable batteries, for example for replacement of the rechargeable battery cells, is furthermore made more difficult.
The present invention therefore addresses the object of providing an improved or at least different embodiment for a rechargeable battery of the initially stated type which is distinguished by increased mechanical stability and simplified maintenance of the rechargeable battery.
This object is achieved according to the invention by the subject matter of the independent claim(s). Advantageous embodiments constitute the subject matter of the dependent claim(s).
The present invention is based on the general concept of mechanically stabilising a two-part housing of a rechargeable battery, which is at least partially full, during operation, of a liquid fluid for temperature control of rechargeable battery cells which are accommodated in the housing, with a tension rod and providing a plug which, when required, permits draining of the fluid from the housing. The tension rod fastens the housing parts to one another, so counteracting internal pressure generated in the housing with the fluid. As a consequence, any deformation of the housing brought about by said internal pressure is prevented or at least reduced, such that the housing and consequently the rechargeable battery are mechanically stabilised. The housing and consequently the rechargeable battery may thus be made lighter in weight. The plug simultaneously simplifies draining of the liquid fluid, hereafter also denoted liquid, from the housing when required, in particular in the event of maintenance. This in particular means that, where access to the rechargeable battery cells is desired or necessary, for example for replacement and the like, the fluid is drained from the housing, such that on the one hand maintenance of the rechargeable battery is simplified and/or losses of the fluid are reduced and/or contact between a person carrying out the maintenance and the fluid, in particular soiling of said person, is at least reduced. Maintenance of the rechargeable battery is thus overall made simpler.
According to the inventive concept, the rechargeable battery comprises the housing. The housing comprises a first housing part and a second housing part which bound an internal volume of the housing. Rechargeable battery cells of the rechargeable battery are accommodated in the internal volume. During operation, the internal volume is at least partially full of the liquid fluid for temperature control, in particular for cooling, of the rechargeable battery cells, such that at least one of the rechargeable battery cells, advantageously each rechargeable battery cell, is surrounded by the fluid. During operation, the fluid conveniently flows through the housing, such that fluid exchange takes place in the housing. The tension rod undoably fastens the housing parts to one another, wherein the tension rod comprises a bolt and a bolt head. The bolt is guided through the internal volume and comprises a structure which forms an undoable connection with a counter-structure on the first housing part. The second housing part comprises a feed-through orifice which is open to the internal volume and to the surrounding environment and through which the bolt is guided and in the region of which the bolt head rests against the second housing part in such a manner that the tension rod undoably fastens the housing parts to one another. The tension rod may thus when required release the fastening of the housing parts, such that the housing parts can, if need be, in particular in the event of maintenance, be undone from one another in order to provide access to the internal volume and consequently to the rechargeable battery cells. The plug is displaceable between an open position and a closed position. In the open position, the plug opens up a fluidic drain path from the internal volume to the surrounding environment of the housing, such that, in the open position of the plug, the fluid flows out of the internal volume into the surrounding environment. In the closed position, into which the plug is conveniently displaced during operation, the plug closes said fluidic drain path, such that flow of the fluid via the drain path is shut off.
The tension rod and plug are thus in each case displaceable. The tension rod fixes the housing parts in a fastened position, as described above. This fastening is, as mentioned, undoable, such that the tension rod is displaceable between the fastened position and an undone position, in which this fastening of the housing parts is undone.
The liquid fluid may in principle be any desired such fluid. The fluid is in particular a coolant for cooling the rechargeable battery cells. The fluid is advantageously dielectric, such that the fluid does not give rise to any electrical connections between the rechargeable battery cells and/or the surrounding environment and/or the housing.
In addition to the tension rod, the rechargeable battery advantageously comprises further connecting elements, such as for example screws and the like, which connect the housing parts to one another. These connecting elements are advantageously likewise undoable, such that the housing parts can, if need be, be completely undone from one another, in order to permit access to the internal volume and/or to the rechargeable battery cells.
It is advantageous for the tension rod to be arranged centrally in the housing in order to provide targeted and efficient fastening of the housing parts and thus improved compensation of the internal pressure in the housing brought about by the liquid.
The additional connections are, if present, advantageously mounted peripherally on the housing parts.
The plug and tension rod may in principle be arranged entirely spaced apart from one another.
The plug is conveniently mounted on the housing such a way that, on the displacement of the plug into the open position, the fluid present in the housing flows out of the housing under the effect of gravity. The plug is thus preferably arranged in a lower housing part in the mounted state in the associated application.
Preferred embodiments are those in which the plug is provided on the bolt head of the tension rod and the drain path extends through the feed-through orifice. The feed-through orifice thus simultaneously serves as a drain orifice for draining the fluid from the internal volume of the housing. The formation and production of the rechargeable battery is thus considerably simplified. Maintenance of the rechargeable battery is furthermore simplified in this way, since the accesses to the plug and tension rod are combined or coincide. The plug may here be arranged eccentrically relative to the bolt head. Embodiments in which the plug and bolt head are arranged concentrically are also conceivable.
The plug may in principle be of any desired construction. In particular, the plug may be a body which, for displacement into the closed position and thus shutting off the drain path, is pushed into an associated orifice, for example in the bolt head.
Preferred embodiments are those in which the plug is constructed as a drain screw which is displaced between the open position and the closed position with a screw connection and/or bayonet connection. Displacement of the plug between the open position and the closed position is thus simplified and/or achieved inexpensively. In addition, chance or unintended displacement of the plug is thus prevented or the associated risk at least reduced.
In preferred embodiments, the plug is constructed integrally with the screw head, such that, on establishing of the undoable connection between the bolt and first housing part, i.e. on displacement of the tension rod into the fastened position, the plug is displaced with the tension rod into the closed position, and such that, on undoing of the connection of the bolt to the first housing part, i.e. on displacement of the tension rod into the undone position, the plug is displaced with the tension rod into the open position. This considerably simplifies production of the rechargeable battery and considerably simplifies handling of the rechargeable battery, in particular during the maintenance of the rechargeable battery.
It is here particularly preferred for the bolt head to be the plug. In other words, it is preferred for the tension rod simultaneously to be constructed as a drain plug. This means that the tension rod for fastening the housing parts is simultaneously constructed as a tension rod and a drain plug. This directly results in the fastened position of the tension rod corresponding to the closed position of the drain plug and the undone position of the tension rod to the open position of the drain plug. The rechargeable battery is thus of simpler construction and/or can be produced more inexpensively. This additionally increases the stability of the housing with regard to the internal pressure because no separate and/or additional orifice is provided for the plug. Assembly of the rechargeable battery and handling of the rechargeable battery in the event of maintenance are furthermore distinctly simplified in this manner.
The tension rod may here be of multipart construction, in particular the bolt and bolt head may be components which are produced separately and fixed to one another.
The tension rod is preferably produced in one piece, in particular from a single material. The tension rod may for example be moulded, in particular injection-moulded. The tension rod may in particular be moulded, for example injection-moulded, from a plastics material.
It is in principle conceivable for the bolt of the tension rod to be uncovered in the internal volume of the housing.
Preferred embodiments are those in which the tension rod is guided by an intermediate plate arranged between two adjacent rechargeable battery cells. This results in increased stability of the housing and thus of the rechargeable battery and additionally simplifies assembly and maintenance of the rechargeable battery. The intermediate plate conveniently comprises a plate orifice which is associated with the bolt and through which the bolt is passed.
Advantageous embodiments are those in which a seal is provided between the plug and the second housing part, which seal, in the closed position of the plug, results in a fluidic seal between the plug and the housing. The seal is advantageously constructed as an annular seal.
If the plug is arranged in the bolt head or the tension rod is constructed as a drain plug, the seal is, in the closed position or fastened position, advantageously arranged in the feed-through orifice between the plug and the second housing part.
Assembly of the rechargeable battery is simplified and/or handling of the rechargeable battery in the event of maintenance is simplified and/or sealing is improved by the plug, in particular the bolt head, comprising an open groove in which the seal is accommodated. The groove is advantageously open to the outside.
The connection established with the bolt structure and counter-structure on the first housing part may in principle be of any kind, provided it is undoable and fastens the housing parts to one another. The bolt structure and the counter-structure on the first housing part advantageously form a screw connection or bayonet connection.
The counter-structure on the first housing part may in principle be formed and constructed in the first housing part.
Advantageous embodiments are those in which a sleeve is accommodated on the first housing part in an associated receptacle, wherein the sleeve comprises the counter-structure which, with the bolt structure, forms the undoable connection. A counter-structure formed in the first housing part is thus not necessary or present, such that the first housing part can be simplified and/or produced more inexpensively.
In the closed position or fixed position, the plug, in particular the bolt head, may project from the second housing part and rest externally against the second housing part.
Preferred embodiments are those in which, in the closed position or fastened position, the plug and/or the bolt head are recessed in the feed-through orifice. Preferred embodiments are those in which, in the closed position or the fastened position, the plug or the bolt head is entirely recessed in the feed-through orifice, such that it comprises no portion which projects on that side of the second housing part which is remote from the internal volume. In particular, in this position, the plug or the bolt head is flush with the second housing part on the side remote from the internal volume. In this way, a more structurally compact configuration of the rechargeable battery is achieved and/or damage to and unintended displacement of the plug or the tension rod is prevented or the associated risk is at least reduced.
The plug and/or the tension rod are/is preferably displaced with the assistance of an associated tool.
The plug preferably comprises to this end a corresponding structure, hereafter also denoted tool structure, which interacts with an associated tool for the purposes of displacing the plug. The tool structure is in particular a plug recess which interacts with the tool in interlocking manner. The recess is for example a recess in the form of a square, hexagon or the like.
The rechargeable battery according to the invention may be used for any desired application. In particular, the rechargeable battery is used in a motor vehicle in which the rechargeable battery for example serves for the drive of the motor vehicle.
The housing conveniently comprises an inlet, which is separate from the feed-through orifice and the drain path and which serves for admitting the fluid into the housing, and an outlet for discharging the fluid from the housing.
The inlet and the outlet of the housing are advantageously included in a circuit through which the fluid circulates during operation. This circuit may include a heat exchanger for temperature control of the fluid, in particular for cooling the fluid and thus for absorbing the heat absorbed by the fluid in the rechargeable battery.
Further important features and advantages of the invention are revealed by the subclaims, the drawings and the associated description of the Figures made with reference to the drawings.
It goes without saying that the above-mentioned features and those still to be explained below may be used not only in the respectively stated combination but also in other combinations or alone, without going beyond the scope of the present invention.
Preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and are explained in more detail in the following description, wherein the same reference numerals refer to identical or similar or functionally identical components.
In the schematic figures
A rechargeable battery 1, as shown in greatly simplified form in
The rechargeable battery 1 comprises a housing 4 with an internal volume 5. During operation, a liquid fluid 6 flows through the internal volume 5, passing into the internal volume 5 via an inlet 7 of the housing 4 and flowing out of the internal volume 5 via an outlet 8 of the housing 4. Rechargeable battery cells 9, for example pouch cells 10, which are temperature-controlled, in particular cooled, with the fluid 6, are accommodated in the internal volume 5. The internal volume 5 is here at least partially full of the fluid 6, such that at least one of the rechargeable battery cells 9 is surrounded by the fluid 6 during operation.
In the example shown in
The housing 4 accordingly comprises the first housing part 17 and the second housing part 18, which bound, in particular enclose, the internal volume 5 of the housing 4. The rechargeable battery cells 9 are arranged in succession in a stack direction 19 in the internal volume 5. The housing parts 17, 18 are arranged opposite one another in a height direction 20 which extends transversely in relation to the stack direction 19. One of the housing parts 17, 18, for example the first housing part 17, may be a trough-shaped housing sump 21, and the other housing part 17, 18, for example the second housing part 18, may be a housing cover 22, or cover 22 for short, which closes the housing sump 21. The rechargeable battery cells 9 are advantageously accommodated in the housing sump 21 and preferably fixed, in particular undoably, in the housing sump 21. The tension rod 16 fastens the housing parts 17, 18 undoably to one another, wherein
The second housing part 18, in the present case thus the cover 22, comprises a feed-through orifice 36 which is arranged opposite the counter-structure 27, in the present case thus the sleeve 31 or the receptacle 32, in the height direction 20. The feed-through orifice 36 is open on the one hand to the internal volume 5 and on the other hand to the surrounding environment 37 of the housing 4. The bolt 24 is guided through the feed-through orifice 36. In other words, in order to fasten the housing parts 17, 18 to one another, the tension rod 16 is guided first through the feed-through orifice 36 and then through the plate orifice 34. In the fastened position 23, the bolt head 25 rests against the second housing part 18 in such a way that the tension rod 17 fastens the housing parts 17, 18 to one another and prestresses them against one another.
The tension rod 16 is displaced into the undone position 44 shown in
Viewed together,
As is in particularly apparent from
As is furthermore apparent from
In the exemplary embodiment shown in
In the exemplary embodiments shown in
In all the examples shown, the tension rod 16 is advantageously produced in one piece, for example entirely by a moulding method, in particular an injection moulding method.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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10 2019 210 057.0 | Jul 2019 | DE | national |