The Present Disclosure relates generally to high speed data transmission systems suitable for use in transmitting high speed signals at low losses from chips or processors of a chip package to backplane and input/output (I/O) connectors, and more particularly to an integrated connector interface-chip package routing assembly that is structured to fit within the housing of an electronic device and provide multiple data transmission channels that lead directly from the chip/processor to an array of external connectors.
Electronic devices such as routers, servers, switches and the like need to transmit data at high data transmission speeds in order to serve the rising need for bandwidth and delivery of streaming audio and video in many end user devices. Chips are the heart of these routers, switches and other devices. These chips typically include a processor such as an ASIC (application specific integrated circuit) or an FPGA (field programmable gate array) and the like, these chips have dies that are typically connected to a substrate (creating a package) by way of conductive solder bumps or other convenient connection. The package may include micro-vias or plated through holes that extend through the substrate to solder balls. These solder balls comprise a ball grid array by which the package is attached to the motherboard. The motherboard includes numerous traces formed in it that define transmission lines which include differential signal pairs for the transmission of high speed data signal, ground paths associated with the differential signal pairs, and a variety of low speed transmission lines for power, clock and logic signals as well as other components. These traces include traces that are routed from the ASIC to the I/O connectors of the device into which external connectors are connected to provide a connection between one or more external plug connectors and the chip member. Other traces are routed from the ASIC to backplane connectors that permit the device to be connected to an overall system such as a network server or the like.
These conductive traces thus form transmission lines as part of the mother board and extend between the chip member and connectors to provide that provides a connection between one or more external plug connectors and the chip member. Circuit boards are usually formed from a material known as FR4, which is inexpensive. Although inexpensive, FR4 is known to promote losses in high speed signal transmission lines that transfer data at rates of about 6 Gbps and greater. These losses increase as the speed increases and therefore make FR4 material undesirable for the high speed data transfer applications of about 10 Gbps and greater. This drop off begins at about 6 Gbps (or 3 GHz using NRZ encoding) and increases as the data rate increases. In order to use such traces in FR4, a designer may have to utilize amplifiers and equalizers, which increase the final cost of the device.
Custom materials for circuit boards, such a MEGATRON, are available that reduce such losses, but the prices of these materials substantially increase the cost of the circuit board and, consequently, the electronic devices in which they are used. Additionally, when traces are used to form signal transmission lines, the overall length of the transmission lines can exceed threshold lengths at which problems to appear in operation. These lengths may approach 10 inches and longer in length and may include bends and turns that can create reflection and noise problems as well as additional losses. Losses can sometimes be corrected by the use of amplifiers, repeaters and equalizers but these elements increase the cost of manufacturing the circuit board. Do so, however, complicates the design inasmuch as additional board space is needed to accommodate these amplifiers and repeaters. In addition, the routing of the traces of such a transmission line may require multiple turns. These turns and the transitions that occur at terminations affect the integrity of the signals transmitted thereby. These custom circuit board materials thus become more lossy at frequencies above 10 Ghz than cable transmission lines. It then becomes difficult to route transmission line traces in a manner to achieve a consistent impedance and a low signal loss therethrough.
It therefore becomes difficult to adequately design signal transmission lines in circuit boards and backplanes to meet the crosstalk and loss requirements needed for high speed applications. Accordingly, certain individuals would appreciate an integrated, high speed, connector interface-chip package routing assembly that provides transmission lines for transmitting high speed data signals (above 20 Gbps) without using traces on the circuit board.
A routing assembly has an overall L-shaped configuration that includes a frame with a front plate and a tray, both of which may be formed of insulative or conductive materials and the front plate extends vertically while the tray extends horizontally. The frame may further include a pair of support arms disposed at one end of the tray. The support arms can be mounted on the front plate and structurally support the tray. The front plate includes a plurality of connector ports and a plurality of first connectors are positioned in the connector ports. Cables have first ends that are terminated to the plurality of first connectors and extend and are supported by the tray in a routing configuration. Second ends of the cables extend from the tray and are terminated to second connectors. The second connectors are configured to be connected to a circuit board and/or chip package (or adjacent such chip package) so as to substantially avoid using a circuit board to route high speed signal traces between the chip package and the first connectors. The first connectors, frame, cables and second connectors connector are integrated into the routing assembly as a single piece, so that the assembly can readily inserted into the electronic device as one piece.
To provide flexibility in configuration, the tray may be positioned either above or below the motherboard of the host device. The tray may include an opening that is aligned with a chip package. If the second connectors are low profile style connectors then the connection between the second connectors and the structure that supports a processor in the chip package can be configured to be substantially within the opening so as to minimize space requirements.
The routing assembly preferably utilizes cables of the twin-ax variety for transmitting differential signals from the chip package to the connector ports. The cables may be free in their extent toward the chip package and secured to the tray by way of clips or the like, or they may be embedded or encased within the body of the tray extending from a front end of the tray to the chip-receiving opening where the conductors of the cables are terminated to connectors that will mate with corresponding opposing connectors associated with the chip package. The embedding of the cables in the body of the tray protects the twin-ax cables from damage during assembly.
The second connectors can be configured to have a mating direction that is transverse to the tray and can have a plug and play aspect such that rows of second connectors fit in place over the rows of second connectors. Preferably the second connectors are flexibly supported by the tray so that they may be manipulated into engagement with opposing connectors on the motherboard and/or chip package.
The stacking of the connector ports provides a vertical space rearward of the connector ports that can accommodate a larger heat transfer member that may be directly contacted to the chip package, thus potentially improving thermal issues. Naturally, the use of cables also significantly reduces loses compared to conventional construction. In addition, the overall structure provides a system that can readily be positioned in a switch or server, thus improving installation. These and other features and advantages will be clearly understood through a consideration of the following detailed description.
The present disclosure is illustrated by way of example and not limited in the accompanying Figures in which like reference numerals indicate similar elements and in which:
The detailed description that follows describes exemplary embodiments and is not intended to be limited to the expressly disclosed combination(s). Therefore, unless otherwise noted, features disclosed herein may be combined together to form additional combinations that were not otherwise shown for purposes of brevity.
The present disclosure is therefore directed to an integrated routing assembly at is structured to fit within the housing of an electronic device as a single element and provide multiple data transmission channels that lead directly from a chip or processor (of the ASIC or FPGA type) to an array of external connectors. The transmission channels take the form of cables fixed in place within the routing assembly, thereby eliminating the need to route the high speed channels by way of high-speed traces on a motherboard of the host device.
In the known structure of the device of
In order to overcome these actual disadvantages, we have developed an integrated routing assembly 50 that incorporates the external connector interfaces of a host device 51 into a single assembly and which provides a support for high speed differential pair signal transmission lines in the form of elongated cables 62 that extend between the connector interfaces and the chip package 88, which includes a processor 90 and may include a substrate 91, eliminating the need for high speed routing traces on the motherboard 53. Such an assembly is illustrated at 50 in
The connector housings 60 define the external connector interfaces for the device 50 in the form of connector ports 54, 56 and each such connector housing 60 contains a first connector 55, 57 preferably of the receptacle style. In some instances, as illustrated, connectors ports 56 may be I/O connector ports arranged in housings 60 along a front of the host device 51 but the location and type of connector ports is not intended to be limited unless otherwise noted.
As can be appreciated, the connectors 55, 57 can be arranged in horizontal rows in an integrated fashion as in
The tray 75, as illustrated in
The connectors 55, 57 that are positioned in the N by M array of connector ports 54, 56 (where both N and M can be two or more) are not shown in detail but can be any desired receptacle type having signal and ground terminals arranged in transmit and receive channel configurations to mate with opposing connectors having a plug style. For example, SFP style, QSFP style and CFP style connectors are just a few of many possible alternatives and the connectors 55, 57 are not intended to be limited to particular style of connector. It should also be noted that a single row of connectors 57 could be provide if desired. Cables 62 can be directly terminated to the terminals of each connector 55, 57 at first ends 82 of the cables 62 and are seen in
Both the cables 62 and low speed wires 63 are terminated directly at their first ends 82 to the connectors 55, 57. This make it possible to eliminate a direct connection with the motherboard 53 and allows for structures that can be readily stacked while still providing acceptable air flow and while avoiding impedance discontinuities which normally occur at a connector-circuit board mounting interface. The cables 62 are illustrated as arranged in rows at the rear of the connector housings 60. The cables 62 are arranged in rows as best shown in
The cables 62 are illustrated in
It should be noted that the tray 75 can be positioned above the circuit board, such as is depicted in
The cables 62 (and low speed wires 64) may be positioned as part of the tray 75 in a variety of ways that suitably holds them in place from where they enter the routing assembly 74, such as along a leading edge 83 of the tray 75 to where they exit the tray 75 and enter the tray opening 76. The cables 62 can be accommodated in the tray 75 by enclosing the cables 62 in the tray 75. The body portions of the cables 62 are preferably completely surrounded by the tray 75 so that the two form an integral part that can be provided in the routing assembly 74. One routing pattern of the cables 62 is illustrated in
The cables 62 can be terminated at their second ends 84 to the aforementioned connectors 86 before the forming of the tray 75. Inasmuch as the first ends of the cables 62 are directly terminated to the terminals of the cable direct connectors 55, the second connectors 86 permit the cables 62 to be directly connected to the chip package 88, thereby completely bypassing the motherboard 53 as a routing support. In instances where the tray 75 is located above the motherboard 53, the connectors 86 are positioned around the chip package 88 and are preferably arranged along the edges of the tray opening 76. Or, as illustrated in
In such an instance, the routing assembly 74 may be inserted into the host device housing and the motherboard 53 is placed in the housing of the device 51 over the tray 75, where it may be spaced apart from and below the motherboard by standoffs 92 or the like.
Such a structure is shown schematically in the sectional diagrams of
The disclosure provided herein describes features in terms of preferred and exemplary embodiments thereof. Numerous other embodiments, modifications and variations within the scope and spirit of the appended claims will occur to persons of ordinary skill in the art from a review of this disclosure.
This application is a national phase of PCT Application No. PCT/US2017/012917, filed Jan. 11, 2017, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety and in turn claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/277,275, filed Jan. 11, 2016.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/US2017/012917 | 1/11/2017 | WO | 00 |
Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
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WO2017/123574 | 7/20/2017 | WO | A |
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