Patent Application
20200284921
The present invention relates to a scintillator panel and a radiation detector.
As technologies in this field, technologies disclosed in Patent Literature 1 to Patent Literature 4 are known.
Patent Literature 1 discloses a fluorescent plate. The fluorescent plate has a fluorescent body substrate and a fluorescent layer formed on the fluorescent body substrate. The fluorescent layer of the fluorescent plate is stuck on a photo-sensor substrate. The fluorescent layer has an inclination surface provided in an outer circumferential portion. According to the inclination surface, a flow of an adhesive is improved. As a result, accumulation of air bubbles is reduced.
Patent Literature 2 discloses a scintillator panel. The scintillator panel has a structure in which a substrate, a fluorescent body layer, and a protective film layer are laminated. When a scintillator panel is produced, first, a laminated structure is formed utilizing coating and/or vapor deposition. Next, the laminated structure is cut using a paper cutter. As a result, a scintillator panel having a desired shape is obtained.
Patent Literature 3 discloses a radiation detection panel. The radiation detection panel has a glass substrate in which a photoelectric conversion element is provided, and a fluorescent body layer which is formed on the glass substrate. Specifically, the fluorescent body layer is formed on a front surface and at least one side surface of the glass substrate. An angle between the front surface and at least one side surface is 90 degrees or smaller.
Patent Literature 4 discloses a solid-state X-ray detector. The solid-state X-ray detector has a photoelectric sensor and a scintillator formed on the photoelectric sensor.
Patent Literature 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-66150
Patent Literature 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-224422
Patent Literature 3: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-2887
Patent Literature 4: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-508873 of the PCT International Publication
As a laminated structure having a substrate and a functional layer, there is a scintillator panel having a substrate and a scintillator layer. A scintillator panel emits scintillation light in response to radiation incident on the scintillator layer. Here, when the scintillator panel is combined with a photo-detection substrate or the like detecting scintillation light, its entirety exhibits a radiation detection function.
When a scintillator panel is combined with a photo-detection substrate, first, a scintillator panel is molded to have a predetermined shape. Next, the molded scintillator panel and a photo-detection substrate are set. Thereafter, the two are bonded to each other, such that the scintillator panel and the photo-detection substrate are integrated. As a result, a radiation detector is manufactured. At this time, adhesion is utilized in bonding of the scintillator panel and the photo-detection substrate. In this manner, several steps of work are required in assembling of an apparatus utilizing a scintillator panel.
Here, an object of the present invention is to provide a scintillator panel in which damage to a scintillator panel during assembly work is curbed, and a radiation detector.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a scintillator panel including a substrate portion having a first main surface and a first rear surface intersecting a first direction on sides opposite to each other, and a first side surface extending such that the first main surface and the first rear surface are joined to each other; and a scintillator layer portion having a second rear surface formed of a plurality of columnar crystals extending in the first direction and formed to include a base portion being on one end side of the columnar crystals and facing the first main surface, a second main surface formed to include a tip portion on the other end side of the columnar crystals, and a second side surface extending such that the second main surface and the second rear surface are joined to each other. The first side surface and the second side surface are substantially flush with each other. In the substrate portion, an angle between the first rear surface and the first side surface is smaller than 90 degrees.
In the scintillator panel, the angle between the first rear surface and the first side surface of the substrate portion is smaller than 90 degrees. Such a shape is formed by putting a cutting tool from the scintillator layer portion side into a laminated structure in which the substrate portion and the scintillator layer portion are laminated. Accordingly, cutting can be utilized in molding of a scintillator panel. As a result, the scintillator panel can be molded to have an arbitrary shape and an arbitrary size. Next, the first side surface of the substrate portion and the second side surface of the scintillator layer portion are made flush with each other, and the angle between the first rear surface and the first side surface of the substrate portion is smaller than 90 degrees. As a result, the first side surface of the substrate portion further protrudes outward than the second side surface of the scintillator layer portion. According to this constitution, the second side surface of the scintillator layer portion is protected by the first side surface of the substrate portion. Accordingly, it is possible to curb damage due to an impact to the second side surface of the scintillator layer portion at the time of handling the scintillator panel.
In the aspect, the scintillator layer portion may generate scintillation light. The substrate portion may absorb the scintillation light. According to this constitution, it is possible to employ a structure in which another substrate portion having a photo-detection function is bonded to the scintillator layer portion side.
In the aspect, the scintillator layer portion may generate scintillation light. The substrate portion may reflect the scintillation light. According to this constitution, it is possible to employ a structure in which another substrate portion having a photo-detection function is bonded to the scintillator layer portion side.
In the aspect, the substrate portion may be formed of polyethylene terephthalate. According to this constitution, a flexible scintillator panel can be formed. In addition, it is possible to easily prepare an absorptive substrate or a reflective substrate with respect to scintillation light.
In the aspect, the second rear surface of the scintillator layer portion may come into contact with the first main surface of the substrate portion. According to this constitution, it is possible to directly form the scintillator layer portion on the first main surface of the substrate portion.
In the aspect, the scintillator panel may further include a barrier layer formed to come into contact with each of the first main surface in the substrate portion and the second rear surface in the scintillator layer portion. The barrier layer may be formed of thallium iodide. The scintillator layer portion may be made of a material having cesium iodide as a main component. The barrier layer formed of thallium iodide is resistant to moisture. Accordingly, when the barrier layer is provided between the substrate portion and the scintillator layer portion, moisture percolating from the substrate portion side is blocked by the barrier layer. As a result, moisture reaching the scintillator layer portion is curbed. Accordingly, it is possible to protect the base portion of the columnar crystals constituting the scintillator layer portion having deliquescent cesium iodide as the main component.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is a radiation detector including the scintillator panel emitting scintillation light in response to incident radiation; and a photo-detection substrate facing the scintillator panel and detecting the scintillation light. According to this constitution, the scintillator panel is provided. As a result, work of sticking the scintillator panel on the photo-detection substrate can be easily performed. Accordingly, it is possible to easily assemble the radiation detector.
According to the present invention, there are provided a scintillator panel in which damage to a scintillator panel during assembly work is curbed, and a radiation detector.
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Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. In description of the drawings, the same reference signs will be applied to the same elements, and duplicate description will be omitted.
A scintillator panel according to the present embodiment converts radiation such as X-rays into scintillation light such as visible light. The scintillator panel is applied to a radiation image sensor used in a radiation camera, for example.
As illustrated in
The sensor substrate 2 exhibits a rectangular shape in a plan view. The sensor substrate 2 has a main surface 2a, a rear surface 2b, and a side surface 2c. The sensor substrate 2 further has a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements 2d provided on the main surface 2a. The photoelectric conversion elements 2d are disposed in a two-dimensional manner along the main surface 2a.
The scintillator panel 10 exhibits a substantially rectangular shape in a plan view. The scintillator panel 10 has a panel main surface 10a, a panel rear surface 10b, and a panel side surface 10c. The scintillator panel 10 adheres to the main surface 2a such that a part on the main surface 2a of the sensor substrate 2 is covered. That is, the scintillator panel 10 is smaller than the sensor substrate 2. Specifically, the scintillator panel 10 is bonded to the main surface 2a with an adhesive 4 therebetween such that a region in which the photoelectric conversion elements 2d are disposed is covered. Details of the scintillator panel 10 will be described below.
The moisture-proof sheet 3 covers the entirety of the scintillator panel 10 and a part of the sensor substrate 2. Specifically, the moisture-proof sheet 3 covers the panel rear surface 10b and the panel side surface 10c of the scintillator panel 10. The moisture-proof sheet 3 covers a part of the main surface 2a of the sensor substrate 2, that is, a part surrounding the scintillator panel 10. A surrounding portion 3a of the moisture-proof sheet 3 adheres to the main surface 2a of the sensor substrate 2. Due to this constitution, air-tightness of an internal space covered by the moisture-proof sheet 3 is maintained. Accordingly, infiltration of moisture or the like into the moisture-proof sheet 3 from the outside is curbed.
The radiation image sensor 1 having the foregoing constitution receives radiation R from the moisture-proof sheet 3 side, for example. The scintillator panel 10 generates scintillation light in response to incidence of the radiation R. The sensor substrate 2 has the photoelectric conversion elements 2d disposed in a two-dimensional manner, and the photoelectric conversion elements 2d generate electrical signals in response to scintillation light. The electrical signals are drawn out through a predetermined electric circuit. Then, based on the electrical signals, a two-dimensional image indicating an incident position and energy of radiation is generated.
The scintillator panel 10 will be described in detail.
The substrate 11 is a resin plate member forming a base body of the scintillator panel 10. As an example, the substrate 11 is formed of polyethylene terephthalate (PET). When a PET substrate is used, flexibility can be applied to the scintillator panel 10. Moreover, work of bonding the scintillator panel 10 and the sensor substrate 2 becomes easy. In addition, it is possible to comparatively easily prepare an absorptive substrate or a reflective substrate with respect to scintillation light. As a result, the scintillator panel 10 having predetermined X-ray characteristics (brightness and resolution) can be formed. The substrate 11 has a substrate main surface 11a (first main surface), a substrate rear surface 11b (first rear surface), and a substrate side surface 11c (first side surface). The substrate main surface 11a and the substrate rear surface 11b are orthogonal to the Z direction on sides opposite to each other. The substrate side surface 11c extends such that the substrate main surface 11a and the substrate rear surface 11b are joined to each other. In other words, the substrate side surface 11c intersects an X direction and a Y direction intersecting the Z direction.
The scintillator layer 12 receives the radiation R and generates scintillation light. The scintillator layer 12 includes a plurality of columnar crystals having cesium iodide (CsI) as a main component such as CsI:TI (refer to
The scintillator layer 12 has a scintillator main surface 12a (second main surface), a scintillator rear surface 12b (second rear surface), and a scintillator side surface 12c (second side surface). The scintillator rear surface 12b is formed of a plurality of base portions on one end side of the columnar crystals. The scintillator main surface 12a is formed of a plurality of tip portions on the other end side of the columnar crystals. The scintillator main surface 12a and the scintillator rear surface 12b are orthogonal to the Z direction on sides opposite to each other. In addition, the scintillator rear surface 12b faces the substrate main surface 11a. That is, the scintillator layer 12 comes into direct contact with the substrate 11. In other words, no layer is interposed between the scintillator layer 12 and the substrate 11. The scintillator side surface 12c extends such that the scintillator main surface 12a and the scintillator rear surface 12b are joined to each other. In other words, the scintillator side surface 12c intersects the X direction and the Y direction intersecting the Z direction. The scintillator side surface 12c is substantially connected to the substrate side surface 11c. Such constitutions of the scintillator side surface 12c and the substrate side surface 11c are referred to as critical edges.
The protective film 13 covers the substrate 11 and the scintillator layer 12. The protective film 13 is a thin moisture-proof film. The protective film 13 is formed of parylene (polyparaxylene) or the like. Specifically, the protective film 13 is forced on the substrate rear surface 11b, the substrate side surface lie, the scintillator main surface 12a, and the scintillator side surface 12c.
A method for manufacturing the radiation image sensor 1 will be described.
As illustrated in a part (a) of
As illustrated in a part (c) of
A plurality of scintillator panels 10 are cut out from the scintillator panel base body 100. That is, the scintillator panel base body 100 is cut. In this cutting, a cutting method such as shear blade (two blades on upper and lower sides, refer to
As illustrated in a part (a) of
As illustrated in a part (b) of
As described above, the method for manufacturing the radiation image sensor 1 and the scintillator panel 10 includes a step of cutting the scintillator panel base body 100. Here, cutting of the scintillator panel base body 100, and a cut surface (that is, the panel side surface 10c) will be described in detail with reference to
When the scintillator panel 10 is cut by inserting the cutting tool 102 from a side of the scintillator layer 12, a cut surface (panel side surface 10c) as illustrated in
As already described above, the scintillator side surface 12c is substantially connected to the substrate side surface 11c. That is, the scintillator side surface 12c is substantially flush with the substrate side surface 11c. Here, the expression “flush with each other” denotes that when the substrate side surface 11c and the scintillator side surface 12c are viewed in a macroscopic manner, each of the surfaces is included in the same virtual plane K1. As will be described below, the substrate side surface 11c and the scintillator side surface 12c have minute uneven structures such as an undercut, a coarse surface, or burrs when viewed in a microscopic manner. However, when they are defined to be “flush with each other”, the uneven structures are disregarded. In addition, the expression “substantially flush with each other” means that the substrate side surface 11c and the scintillator side surface 12c do not have to be completely included in the same plane. For example, a predetermined width need only be defined based on the virtual plane K1, such that the substrate side surface 11c and the scintillator side surface 12c are settled on an inner side of the width. In other words, for example, as illustrated in a part (b) of
When the substrate 11 is viewed in the Y direction, the panel side surface 10c is not perpendicular. In other words, the panel side surface 10c is tilted with respect to the Z direction. More specifically, the substrate side surface 11c constituting the panel side surface 10c is tilted with respect to the Z direction.
More specifically, an angle A1 between the substrate rear surface 11b and the substrate side surface 11c is smaller than 90 degrees. In other words, the angle A1 is 82 degrees or larger. In addition, the angle A1 is 88 degrees or smaller. As an example, the angle A1 is approximately 85 degrees. An angle A2 between the Z direction and the substrate side surface 11c is within a range larger than zero degrees to 8 degrees. In addition, the angle A2 is 2 degrees or larger. The substrate side surface 11c and the scintillator side surface 12c defined by the angles A1 and A2 are inclined toward the centers of the substrate 11 and the scintillator layer 12. When the angles A1 and A2 are defined, similar to the expression “flush with each other” described above, uneven structures formed on the substrate side surface 11c are disregarded. That is, when the angles A1 and A2 are defined, the substrate side surface 11c may be replaced as the virtual plane K1 described above. In this case, the angle A1 is an angle between the substrate rear surface 11b and the virtual plane K1 of which minute uneven structures are disregarded.
When the scintillator panel base body 100 is cut, the cutting tool 102 is first pushed against the first film portion 13a (refer to a part (a) of
When the cutting tool 102 arrives at the scintillator layer 12 (refer to a part (b) of
As illustrated in
The second film portion 13b provided after cutting enters the undercut 12d, the coarse surface 12ca, and the notch 12f. Specifically, the second film portion 13b enters minute gaps generated due to deficiency of columnar crystals. Therefore, according to this constitution, adhesion of the second film portion 13b with respect to the scintillator side surface 12c is improved.
The cutting tool 102 cuts the substrate 11 while moving further downward. In an initial stage (refer to a part (c) of
Hereinafter, operation effects of the scintillator panel 10 and the radiation image sensor 1 according to the present embodiment will be described.
In the scintillator panel 10, the angle A1 between the substrate rear surface 11b and the substrate side surface 11c of the substrate 11 is smaller than 90 degrees. Such a shape is formed by putting the cutting tool 102 from the scintillator layer 12 side into a laminated structure in which the substrate 11 and the scintillator layer 12 are laminated. Accordingly, cutting can be utilized in molding of a scintillator panel. As a result, the scintillator panel 10 can be molded to have an arbitrary shape and an arbitrary size.
The substrate side surface 11c of the substrate 11 and the scintillator side surface 12c of the scintillator layer 12 are flush with each other, and the angle A1 between the substrate rear surface 11b and the substrate side surface 11c of the substrate 11 is smaller than 90 degrees. The substrate side surface 11c of the substrate 11 further protrudes outward than the scintillator side surface 12c of the scintillator layer 12. In other words, the substrate 11 has a part present on a side outward from the scintillator layer 12. According to this constitution, the scintillator side surface 12c of the scintillator layer 12 is protected by the substrate side surface 11c of the substrate 11.
A part (a) of
The substrate side surface 11c of the substrate 11 and the scintillator side surface 12c of the scintillator layer 12 are flush with each other. Accordingly, when the scintillator panel 10 is bonded to another component using the adhesive 4, the adhesive 4 flows favorably. As a result, occurrence of accumulation of air bubbles is curbed. Therefore, according to the scintillator panel 10, bonding work with respect to a photo-detection substrate can be easily performed.
A part (a) of
According to the radiation image sensor 1 including the scintillator panel 10, work of sticking the scintillator panel 10 on the sensor substrate 2 can be easily performed. Accordingly, the radiation image sensor 1 can be easily assembled.
The scintillator panel 10 and the radiation image sensor 1 according to the present embodiment can also exhibit operation effects as follows.
The scintillator panel 10 includes the substrate 11 and the scintillator layer 12. The substrate side surface 11c of the substrate 11 partially has a coarsened region (coarse surface 11d). According to this coarse surface 11d, the contact area between the substrate 11 and the protective film 13 increases. In addition, the scintillator side surface 12c of the scintillator layer 12 has the coarse surface 12ca which is a coarsened region including uneven structures. According to this coarse surface 12ca, the contact area between the scintillator layer 12 and the protective film 13 increases. Adhesion of the protective film 13 is enhanced as the contact area increases. Accordingly, in the scintillator panel 10, adhesion between the substrate 11 and the protective film 13 and adhesion between the scintillator layer 12 and the protective film 13 can be improved.
Uneven structures of the coarse surface 12ca are formed when the columnar crystals become partially deficient. The scintillator side surface 12c having such a constitution is obtained by cutting a laminated structure having the scintillator layer 12 and the substrate 11. Accordingly, the coarse surface 12ca having uneven structures can be formed easily.
The substrate side surface 11c includes the burr 11e formed in a corner portion between the substrate rear surface 11b and the substrate side surface 11c. According to this constitution, the contact area between the substrate 11 and the protective film 13 increases. Accordingly, in the scintillator panel 10, adhesion between the substrate 11 and the protective film 13 can be improved.
The scintillator layer 12 has the notch 12f formed in a corner portion between the scintillator rear surface 12b and the scintillator side surface 12c. The notch 12f is filled with the protective film 13. According to this constitution, the contact area between the scintillator layer 12 and the protective film 13 further increases. Furthermore, the contact area between the substrate 11 and the protective film 13 further increases as well. Accordingly, in the scintillator panel 10, adhesion with respect to the protective film 13 can be further improved.
The scintillator layer 12 has the undercut 12d formed in a corner portion between the scintillator main surface 12a and the scintillator side surface 12c. The undercut 12d is filled with the protective film 13. According to this constitution, the contact area between the scintillator layer 12 and the protective film 13 still further increases. Accordingly, in the scintillator panel 10, adhesion with respect to the protective film 13 can be still further improved.
The radiation image sensor 1 includes the scintillator panel 10. Accordingly, adhesion between the scintillator layer 12 and the protective film 13 is improved, and the moisture resistance can be enhanced.
Hereinabove, an embodiment of the present invention has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiment and can be performed in various forms.
For example, in the scintillator panel 10 according to the forgoing embodiment, the scintillator layer 12 is formed on the substrate 11. That is, the scintillator rear surface 12b comes into direct contact with the substrate main surface 11a. The scintillator panel 10 is not limited to such a constitution.
As illustrated in a part (a) of
The barrier layer 16 is a layer, for example, having thallium iodide (TlI) as a main component. For example, the TlI content of the barrier layer 16 may be within a range of 90% to 100%. In other words, when the TlI content of the barrier layer 16 is 90% or more, it may be stated that the barrier layer 16 has TlI as a main component. The barrier layer 16 has properties such that moisture is unlikely to pass therethrough. For example, when moisture has percolated from the substrate 11A side, movement of the moisture to the scintillator layer 12 is hindered by the barrier layer 16. Therefore, according to the scintillator panel 10A having the barrier layer 16, deliquescence of columnar crystals constituting the scintillator layer 12 due to moisture can be curbed.
Such a constitution is particularly effective in a case where the substrate 11A has an organic layer which moisture easily penetrates. A substrate having an organic layer stated herein may be the substrate 11A constituted of a base body 11m made of a material (metal, carbon, glass, or the like) different from an organic material, and an organic layer 11r made of an organic material (xylylene resin, acrylic resin, silicone resin, or the like). In addition, as illustrated in a part (b) of
A predetermined optical function may be applied to a substrate of the scintillator panel 10. Specifically, functions such as light absorption properties, light transmission properties, or light reflection properties may be selectively applied to a substrate. For example, when light reflection properties are applied to a substrate, titanium dioxide, alumina, yttrium oxide, or zirconium oxide (reflective pigment) is added to PET which is a main material of the substrate. In addition, as another example of a case where light reflection properties are applied to a substrate, a light reflective layer including the reflective pigment described above and a binder resin may be formed on a base body having PET as a main material.
As illustrated in
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2017-186557 | Sep 2017 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2018/025238 | 7/3/2018 | WO | 00 |
