Patent Grant
11709019
The present invention relates to a machine for thermal treatment of bulk material. More specifically, the disclosure further relates to a sealing system for the machine for thermal treatment of bulk material.
Machines for thermal treatment of bulk material, such as a sintering or a pelletizing system, are known in the art. These machines are configured to transform the bulk material, or pelletized concentrate, into hardened pellets that e.g. can be used as blast furnace feed or direct reduction furnace feed. The machines comprise a furnace and a plurality of pallet cars, wherein the pallet cars are arranged for transporting the bulk material into the furnace. The machines comprise different heating and cooling zones and the pallet cars are arranged for transporting the bulk material through the different zones of the machine such that hardened pellets are produced.
A problem with the machines is that a gap is defined between the pallet cars and the furnace when the pallet cars are traveling through the furnace. A drawback with this gap is that dust and other particulate matter as well as hazardous gases can escape the furnace and tramp air can enter the hot gases within the furnace.
In an attempt to meet this problem, US Patent Application US2293904A suggests maintaining a sealing system with a drop bar seal design being arranged between a traveling grate and a gas collecting hood. The drop bar seal design defines continuous troughs along the sides of the traveling grate for carrying dust out of the hood. US Patent Application US20150233641 A1 suggests maintaining a sealing system with a spring-loaded sealing strip contacting a planar sealing surface being arranged along the furnace. However, with the solutions disclosed by US1183394 A and US20150233641 A1 there is a need in the art for improvements in terms of increased sealing efficiency and increased durability.
It is an object to mitigate, alleviate or eliminate one or more of the above-identified deficiencies in the art and disadvantages singly or in any combination and solve at least the above-mentioned problem.
According to a first aspect there is provided a machine for thermal treatment of bulk material, comprising:
a stationary furnace which presents a support structure, and
a plurality of pallet cars traveling through the furnace along a traveling direction, said plurality of pallet cars together defining, at a lateral side thereof, a common engagement surface which extends through the furnace along the traveling direction,
wherein a gap is defined between the support structure of the furnace and the common engagement surface of the plurality of pallet cars, said gap having a gap length along the traveling direction, the machine further comprising:
one or more drop bars distributed after each other along the traveling direction;
wherein each drop bar of the one or more drop bars includes a brush arranged on the drop bar such that the brush is configured to be in engagement with the common engagement surface such that the one or more drop bars covers the gap over at least parts of the gap length.
By the term “bulk material” is here meant any metal ore. Given as a non-limiting example, bulk material may be iron ore, copper ore, zinc ore, phosphate ore or any other metallic or non-metallic mineral ore normally treated within the mining industry.
By the phrase “machine for thermal treatment” is here meant any machine performing any type of treatment involving elevating the temperature of the bulk material. Such thermal treatment may be but is not limited to pelletizing or sintering. By way of example, the bulk material may be filled into the pallet cars which subsequently travel along a track through a furnace. The furnace may comprise one or more treatment zones. Each treatment zone is adapted for a specific thermal treatment process of the bulk material. Given as non-limiting examples, thermal treatment in the different zones may involve heating, firing, drying or cooling the bulk material. The machine may comprise one or more wind boxes arranged in the zones of the furnace, below the track of the pallet cars and by suction generate a flow of the hot air or gas above the pallet cars through the bulk material. The machine may be a straight grate furnace.
By the term “support structure” is here meant a steady and stationary part of the furnace that may allow mounting or attachment of other parts thereto. Given only as examples, a support structure may be a part of a wall of the furnace or a metal framework. Herein, the support structure serves to support one or more parts of the sealing system.
By the term “drop bar” is here meant a stationary rigid part of the sealing system. The drop bar may be of a rectangular shape, wherein the length of the drop bar is substantially longer than the width and the height of the drop bar. Herein, the length of the drop bar is the dimension of the drop bar in the traveling direction of the pallet cars. Given only as example, the drop bar may be a metal framework of the sealing system. The one or more drop bars may be distributed after each other along the traveling direction so as to form a sealing surface. Each drop bar of the one or more drop bars may have an elongate extension. Each drop bar of the one or more drop bars may be aligned such that the elongate extension is parallel with the traveling direction. Each drop bar of the one or more drop bars may be slidably connected to the support structure of the furnace. Preferably, each drop bar is slidably connected to the support structure such that the drop bar is displaceable in a vertical, or substantially vertical, direction. This implies that each drop bar may be displaceable in a direction transverse to the common engagement surface. For some embodiments, the drop bars may be forced, by gravity, to be in engagement with the common engagement surface.
By the term “brush” is here meant a part of the drop bar comprising a plurality of bristles. The bristles are arranged such as a brush seal is provided. The length of the bristles may be substantially longer than the thickness of the bristles. Herein, the length of the bristles is the dimension perpendicular to the traveling direction of the pallet cars.
The sealing system may be advantageous as it seals the gap between the support structure of the furnace and the common engagement surface of pallet cars, wherein the gap occurs when the pallet cars are traveling along the traveling direction through the furnace. The sealing system may cover the gap over at least parts of the gap length such as it prevents dust from escaping and tramp air from entering the hot gases. The sealing system according to the present disclosure is particularly advantageous in that it combines any conventional drop bar seal design with the brush such as a more efficient and a more durable seal will be provided compared to conventional arrangements.
A further advantage of the sealing system of the disclosure is that a more efficient and flexible sealing system is achieved compared to conventional arrangements. By this arrangement, the sealing system is efficiently adjusted to uneven surfaces by reason of the slidable connection and the flexibility of the brush. By way of example, uneven surfaces may be the result of uneven height positioning of the pallet cars or of the common engagement surfaces thereof, or it may be a result of material getting stuck between the common engagement surface and the brush. In case of an uneven surface causing an individual part of the brush to lose contact with the common engagement surface of the pallet car, it does not affect adjacent parts of the brush. Consequently, adjacent parts of the brush may continue to be in contact with the common engagement surface, maintaining the seal to a higher degree than compared to conventional seal systems based on drop bars or long flexible seals, which would create large leaks through the seal in similar situations since such conventional seal systems cannot adjust the seal efficiently enough to uneven surfaces.
Yet a further advantage, since the sealing system will be exposed to high temperatures within some zones of the furnace, may be that cooling air can get through the brush and thereby cool the brush in an easy way. Further, including the brush in the sealing system will provide for a sealing system which is good to endure heat, and hence, a more durable seal is achieved.
In the manner described above fuel and power efficiency of the machine is increased. By the present arrangement, energy savings of up to 10% may be provided, compared to a machine for thermal treatment of bulk material without such a sealing system with brushes.
Yet a further advantage of the disclosed sealing system is that it is possible to replace one brush within the sealing system without the need of replacing the whole sealing system. By this arrangement, it may be easy to perform maintenance operations to the sealing system, and especially to the brush.
Yet a further advantage with the disclosed design is that the brush is equally well capable of moving over the common engagement surface independent on the traveling direction of the pallet cars. Thus, even if there typically is one specific travelling direction used during operation of the machine, the need to operate the machine in reverse, e.g. during maintenance, will be equally possible.
The brush may comprise a plurality of brush bristles which are each attached to a brush element. The brush element may be an elongated structure having a substantially rectangular cross section but may alternatively have a rounded cross section.
According to some embodiments, brush bristles of the brush are made of stainless steel. For alternative embodiments, the brush bristles of the brush are made of regular steel, or synthetic polymers such as Nylon.
Preferably, the bristles are made of stainless steel. This material is durable and withstands high temperature well. Also, the material is flexible enough for the sealing system to efficiently adjust to uneven surfaces.
According to some embodiments, brush bristles of the brush has a length of at least 20 mm, preferably between 20 and 100 mm, and more preferably 50 mm.
According to some embodiments, each drop bar further comprises a drop bar structure slidably connected to the support structure of the furnace, wherein the brush is carried by the drop bar structure. This implies that the drop bar structure may correspond to a conventional drop bar. The drop bar structure may, however, be structurally different than a conventional drop bar. This is further elaborated on herein.
By the term “slidably connected” is here meant a connection wherein the drop bar structure being connected to the support structure in a way that the drop bar structure can be moved smoothly along a surface in relation to the support structure. Herein, the drop bar structure allows to move in a vertical direction, wherein the vertical direction is perpendicular to the common engagement surface. The connection defines how much the drop bar structure is allowed to move in the vertical direction in relation to the drop bar structure. This slidable connection allows for the brush to be moved in the vertical direction as well.
By the term “carried by the drop bar structure” is here meant that the brush is attached to, or clamped by, the drop bar structure, wherein the drop bar structure is arranged to keep the brush in place.
According to some embodiments, the brush protrudes out from the drop bar structure such that a clearance is formed between the drop bar structure and the common engagement surface.
According to some embodiments, the clearance between the drop bar structure and the common engagement surface is at least 1 mm, preferably 5 to 20 mm, and more preferably 10 mm.
An advantage with these embodiments may be that the sealing system is further efficient. By this arrangement, the common engagement surface may have an uneven surface without the drop bar structure being in engagement with the common engagement surface. This arrangement will provide for less wear one wear parts and thus, an increased life time of the sealing system.
According to some embodiments, the drop bar structure of each drop bar of the one or more drop bars comprises a recess configured to receive the brush therein.
According to some embodiments, each drop bar of the one or more drop bars further comprises a fastening plate configured to connect the brush to the drop bar structure. The brush may be connected to the drop bar structure by clamping. The brush may be directly clamped between the fastening plate and the drop bar structure. Alternatively, the brush may be held by a further element which, in turn, is clamped, between the fastening plate and the drop bar structure, as will be detailed later.
By the term “clamped” is here meant that the brush is attached or fastened between the drop bar structure and the fastening plate in order to be kept in place. The brush may be clamped towards the drop bar structure using bolts or screws.
An advantage with these embodiments may be that it is possible to attach or detach the brush from the drop bar structure in an easy and user-friendly way.
According to some embodiments, each drop bar of the one or more drop bars further comprises a brush holder configured to hold the brush and wherein the fastening plate is configured to clamp the brush holder towards the drop bar structure.
An advantage with these embodiments may be that it is easier to attach or detach the brush from the drop bar structure than if the brush is mounted directly to the drop bar without the use of a brush holder. The brush holder may be tailored so as to perfectly fit a specific kind of brush. This allows for mounting different kinds of brushes to the exact same drop bar structure without having to modify it. Instead, it is possible to select another kind of brush holder capable of holding the specific brush. The brush holders may then be attached to the drop bar structure in the exact same way, independent on the kind of brush mounted therein.
According to some embodiments, the brush is arranged on the drop bar such that brush bristles of the brush are directed substantially perpendicular to the common engagement surface.
An advantage with these embodiments may be that it is possible to insert and/or remove the brush from the drop bar structure in an easy way. By this arrangement, the brush may seal the gap, and especially the clearance in an efficient way.
According to some embodiments, the brush is arranged on the drop bar such that brush bristles of the brush form an oblique angle with the common engagement surface.
An advantage with these embodiments may be that it provides for an even more efficient sealing system compared to when the bristles are directed perpendicular to the common engagement surface. By this arrangement, a more flexible brush seal may be provided as the brush bristles more easily adjust to the shape of the common engagement surface.
According to some embodiments, the machine further comprises a further sealing system connected to the support structure of the furnace and arranged along the traveling direction, the further sealing system being arranged to be in engagement with the common engagement surface so as to cover the gap over at least parts of the gap length, and wherein the further sealing system is arranged at a spaced distance from the sealing system such that an elongate cavity is formed therebetween.
The further sealing system may be advantageous as it allows increasing the overall sealing efficiency. Moreover, it allows establishing a high-pressure zone between the sealing systems to further prevent gas penetrating the sealing systems. This may be of importance especially in situations where it is unavoidable to operate a process or a portion of a process of the machine at higher pressure than the ambient pressure outside of the machine. If purging the double seal arrangement with air or another suitable purge gas at a higher pressure than each one of the process and the ambient external pressure, the purge gas will leak into the process and out into the environment, which will effectively prevent process gas from reaching the environment.
According to some embodiments, the further sealing system comprises:
a series of leaf members which are partially overlapping so as to form a sealing surface, wherein each leaf member of the series of leaf members is connected to the support structure at a first end thereof, and in engagement with the common engagement surface at a second, opposite, end thereof.
By the term “leaf member” is here meant an individual member of a series of leaf members that together form a flexible seal. A leaf member is a substantially planar member with a thickness significantly smaller than the length and width of the leaf member. The width of a leaf member is the dimension of the leaf member in the traveling direction of the pallet cars, whereas the length of a leaf member is a dimension of the leaf member in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction. The leaf member may have a substantially rectangular or squared shape, but is not limited to these shapes and may also have an oval, circular, triangular or any other planar shape. The leaf member may be made of a flexible material, such as to provide a spring-like or self-biasing function.
According to some embodiments, the further sealing system comprises a further one or more drop bars distributed after each other along the traveling direction.
According to some embodiments, each drop bar of the further one or more drop bars includes a brush arranged on the drop bar structure such that the brush is configured to be in engagement with the common engagement surface such that the further one or more drop bars covers the gap over at least parts of the gap length.
According to some embodiments, the sealing system and the further sealing system is arranged in parallel to each other so as to cover the gap along a common gap width which extends over at least a firing zone and a cooling zone of the furnace.
In the transition from the firing zone and the cooling zone, there may be arranged an after firing zone. Leakage from this zone may cause hazards as combustible gases from the furnace may mix with oxidants from ambient air, thereby creating a risk of unwanted ignition.
An advantage with these embodiments may be that leakage in these zones may be minimized or eliminated, hence minimizing the risk of unwanted ignition or explosion. Thus, by this arrangement, the seal may be even further improved.
A further advantage of these embodiments may be that the same sealing arrangement continues from the firing zone into the cooling zone such that no gaps are created in the transition between the firing zone and the cooling zone. By the present arrangement, a sealing system that may minimize leakage either into, or out from, the furnace may be provided.
A further advantage with these embodiments may be that the thermal load on the outmost of the two sealing systems may be lowered.
A further advantage with these embodiments may be that the sealing system may be arranged along full length of the furnace, and that the further sealing system may optionally be arranged only in zones in which a dual sealing system may be required, such as in the firing zone and the cooling zone.
According to some embodiments, there may be further provided a gas flow in the elongate cavity between the sealing system and the further sealing system. The gas in the gas flow may be, but is not limited to, air, or inert gases such as Nitrogen, or any other suitable gas. Given as non-limiting examples, the gas may be supplied to the elongate cavity from a supply of pressurized air, or air from the cooling zone may be supplied.
An advantage with these embodiments may be that the gas flow may cool the sealing system and the further sealing system, enabling the use of even higher temperatures in the furnace than would otherwise be possible in order not to thermally damage the sealing system or the further sealing system.
A further advantage with these embodiments may be that, when providing an air flow through the cavity formed between the sealing system and the further sealing system, the high pressure in the cavity will be easier to keep at the right level.
According to a second aspect, there is provided a method for attaching a brush to a drop bar in a sealing system for a machine for thermal treatment of bulk material,
wherein the sealing system comprises one or more drop bars being configured to be distributed after each other along a traveling direction, and
wherein the machine comprises a stationary furnace which presents an attachment structure, and a plurality of pallet cars traveling through the furnace along a traveling direction, said plurality of pallet cars together defining, at a lateral side thereof, a common engagement surface which extends through the furnace along the traveling direction, wherein a gap is defined between the attachment structure of the furnace and the common engagement surface of the plurality of pallet cars, the method comprising:
dismantling at least one drop bar of the one or more drop bars from the machine,
attaching a brush, or a brush holder which carries the brush, to the at least one drop bar, and
mounting said at least one drop bar back on the machine,
wherein the brush or brush holder is attached to the drop bar such that the brush is configured to be in engagement with the common engagement surface when in use on the machine.
According to some embodiments, the method further comprises:
milling a recess in each drop bar of the one or more drop bars, and
inserting the brush or the brush holder into the recess.
According to some embodiments, attaching the brush or the brush holder to the at least one drop bar comprises clamping the brush or the brush holder towards the at least one drop bar by means of a fastening plate.
According to a third aspect, there is provided a sealing system for a machine for the thermal treatment of bulk material,
wherein the machine comprises a stationary furnace which presents an attachment structure, and a plurality of pallet cars traveling through the furnace along a traveling direction, said plurality of pallet cars together defining, at a lateral side thereof, a common engagement surface which extends through the furnace along the traveling direction, wherein a gap is defined between the attachment structure of the furnace and the common engagement surface of the plurality of pallet cars, the sealing system comprising:
one or more drop bars being configured to be distributed after each other along the traveling direction;
wherein each drop bar of the one or more drop bars includes a brush arranged on the drop bar such that the brush is configured to be in engagement with the common engagement surface such that the one or more drop bars covers the gap over at least parts of the gap length.
Effects and features of the second and third aspects are largely analogous to those described above in connection with the first aspect. Embodiments mentioned in relation to the first aspect are largely compatible with the second and third aspect. It is further noted that the inventive concepts relate to all possible combinations of features unless explicitly stated otherwise. A further scope of applicability of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description given below. However, it should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only, since various changes and modifications within the scope of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description.
Hence, it is to be understood that this invention is not limited to the particular component parts of the device described or steps of the methods described as such device and method may vary. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. It must be noted that, as used in the specification and the appended claim, the articles “a”, “an”, “the”, and “said” are intended to mean that there are one or more of the elements unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to “a unit” or “the unit” may include several devices, and the like. Furthermore, the words “comprising”, “including”, “containing” and similar wordings does not exclude other elements or steps.
The above, as well as additional objects, features and advantages of the present invention, will be better understood through the following illustrative and non-limiting detailed description of embodiments of the present invention, with reference to the appended drawings, where the same reference numerals may be used for similar elements, and wherein:
The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which currently preferred embodiments of the invention are shown. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided for thoroughness and completeness, and fully convey the scope of the invention to the skilled person.
The present disclosure relates to a machine for thermal treatment of bulk material and a sealing system for the machine. With reference to
In particular, the present disclosure relates to a single sealing system according to the sealing system discussed in connection with
The machine 100 comprises a stationary furnace 10 configured to process bulk material. By processing the material, is herein meant, drying, heating or cooling the bulk material using the stationary furnace 10.
The machine 100 further comprises a plurality of pallet cars 12. The pallet cars 12 are configured to transport the bulk material through the stationary furnace 10. The pallet cars 12 are traveling through the stationary furnace 10 on a set of rails (not shown). The pallet cars 12 are traveling through the stationary furnace 10 along a traveling direction TD. The traveling direction TD extends along a substantially horizontal direction.
The pallet cars 12 are arranged with holes in the bottom plate for receiving a gas flow through the bottom plate. Although not illustrated in
The stationary furnace 10 presents a support structure 16. The support structure 16 is a steady and stationary part of the furnace 10, located on either lateral side of the furnace 10. The support structure 16 is arranged such that when the plurality of pallet cars 12 travel through the furnace 10, the lateral sides of the pallet cars 12 pass in the vicinity of the support structure 16. The support structure 16 together with the pallet cars 12 defines a portion of the boundary between the interior of the furnace 10 and the ambient air.
The plurality of pallet cars 12 together define a common engagement surface 14. The common engagement surface 14 extends through the stationary furnace 10 along the traveling direction TD. The common engagement surface 14 and the support structure 16 of the furnace 10 together define a gap 18 therebetween. The gap 18 has a gap length L along the traveling direction through the stationary furnace 10 along the traveling direction TD.
The machine 100 further comprises a sealing system (not illustrated in
The leaf members of the disclosure, such as the leaf members 212 may be made of thin spring steel. A property of such spring steel is that it is resilient and may thus return to its original shape despite being subjected to deflection and twisting. Leaf members of the disclosure may however alternatively be made of other types of material. By way of example, the leaf members may be made of, but are not limited to, stainless steel, iron, copper, polytetrafluoroethylene or fluoropolymers, such as used in Teflon™, plastics and composites such as steel with a rubber tip.
As illustrated in
Returning now to
In
Further, the sealing system 300 comprises a series 330 of flexible blanket members 332. Each flexible blanket member 332 of the series 330 of flexible blanket members 332 is connected to the bracket at a first end 334 of the flexible blanket member 332. The series 330 of flexible blanket members 332 is positioned adjacent the first series 310 of leaf members 312 so as to cover overlapping edges of adjacent leaf members 312. The flexible blanket members of the disclosure may be made of, but are not limited to, Neopren (i.e. polychloroprene), welding blanket of woven blanket biomass, synthetic polymers such as Nylon, woven or nonwoven fiber blanket material, gasket material made of polytetrafluoroethylene or fluoropolymers, such as used in Teflon™.
Further, the sealing system 300 comprises a second series 340 of leaf members 342. Each leaf member 342 of the series 340 of leaf members 342 is connected to the bracket at a first end 344 of the leaf member 342. It should be understood that the second series 340 of leaf members 342 may be of the same type as in the first series 310 of leaf members 312, or they may be of a different type. The second series 340 of leaf members 342 is positioned adjacent the series 330 of flexible blanket members 332 on an opposite side with respect to the first series 310 of leaf members 312, so as to sandwich the series 330 of flexible blanket members 332 between the first series 310 and the second series 340.
The leaf members 312, 342 and the flexible blanket members 332 are illustrated to be connected to the bracket 220 by means of a bolt 224 and nut 226 arrangement. Bolts 224 are inserted into through holes of the bracket 220 and into through holes 317 of the leaf member 312, 342 and the flexible blanket members 332. Nuts 226 are tightened onto the other end of the bolts 224, attaching the leaf members 312, 342 and the flexible blanket members 332 to the bracket 220. To simplify replacement of individual leaf members, the bolts 224 may be pre-welded onto the bracket 220. It should be understood that also other means for connecting leaf members 312, 342 and the flexible blanket members 332 to the bracket 220 are conceivable.
In
The drop bar 402 includes a drop bar structure 404 and a brush 406, wherein the brush comprises a plurality of bristles 407 (illustrated in
The drop bar structure 404 comprises connecting means 410 for connecting the sealing system 400 to the machine 100. As best illustrated in
The drop bar structure 404 and the brush 406 together forms the sealing surface S that covers the gap 18 over at least parts of the gap length L.
A problem of sealing the gap 18 between the common engagement surface 14 and the support structure 16 may be that the engagement surfaces 14a, 14b of individual pallet cars 12 (pallet cars not shown in the present figure), may be shifted in a vertical direction with respect to each other. Such a shift may be due to slight variation in manufacturing of the pallet cars 12 or, more likely, that the pallet cars 12 sag over time partly due to a combination of carried heavy load and harsh environment with extreme temperatures in the furnace. Such a vertical shift is illustrated in
The brush holder 416 is arranged such that the brush 406 forms an oblique angle α with the common engagement surface 14. The angle may preferably be within the range 20-40 degrees, but may alternatively be smaller, or larger.
As for
The further sealing system may be any of the sealing system discussed in relation to
A purpose of the further sealing system is to seal the gap 18 between the support structure 16 and the common engagement surface 14, so as to prevent gas, droplets and/or particulate matter from passing through the gap 18. The further sealing system is arranged at a spaced distance from the sealing system such that an elongate cavity is formed.
The sealing system 400 comprises a drop bar 402 including a drop bar structure 404 and a brush 406, according to the embodiment of a sealing system disclosed in
The sealing system 70 is arranged at a spaced distance from the sealing system 400, at an interior side of the furnace 10, such that an elongate cavity 850 is formed between the two sealing systems 70, 400. For a person skilled in the art, it is conceivable that the sealing system 400 and the sealing system 70 may be arranged in an opposite way, such that the sealing system 400 is arranged facing the pallet cars 12 and the sealing system 70 is arranged on the opposite side facing the interior of the furnace 10. The sealing system 400 is connected to a first side of the support structure 16 and the sealing system 70 is connected to a second side of the support structure 16, opposite the first side, such that the sealing system 400 and the sealing system 70 are facing each other. For a person skilled in the art, it is conceivable that the sealing system, although illustrated here as a sealing system 400, may alternatively be a sealing system 500 according to the embodiment disclosed in
By the embodiments disclosed in
Further, by the present arrangement, the innermost sealing system may protect the outermost sealing system from excessive thermal load.
Moreover, the elongate cavity 650, 750, 850, 950, 1050 and 1050′ between the sealing systems may be provided with a gas flow so as to decrease the high temperature. By such an arrangement, the sealing systems may be cooled by the gas, enabling the use of even higher temperatures in the furnace than would otherwise be possible in order not to thermally damage the sealing systems.
The person skilled in the art realizes that the present invention by no means is limited to the preferred embodiments described above. On the contrary, many modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the appended claims. Additionally, variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by the skilled person in practicing the claimed invention, from a study of the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims.
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1183394 | Merrick | May 1916 | A |
| 2207412 | Prouty | Jul 1940 | A |
| 2293904 | Kail | Aug 1942 | A |
| 2848214 | Schofield | Aug 1958 | A |
| 2861792 | Porteus et al. | Nov 1958 | A |
| 3724828 | Bradwell | Apr 1973 | A |
| 3744777 | Marsh | Jul 1973 | A |
| 20150233641 | Schulakow-Klass et al. | Aug 2015 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 106524770 | Mar 2017 | CN |
| 3121709 | Apr 1982 | DE |
| 1193459 | Apr 2002 | EP |
| Entry |
|---|
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for corresponding International Application No. PCT/US2021/034503 dated Sep. 21, 2021. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20210372702 A1 | Dec 2021 | US |
