The present invention relates generally to Fibre Channel point to point topology, and more particularly to seamless I/O in Fibre Channel point to point topology while a storage port is changed.
Fibre Channel (FC) is a high-speed data transfer protocol, primarily used to connect computer data storage to servers. The industry decided to use the British English “fibre” for the name of the standard. There are three major types of FC topology, namely, point to point topology, arbitrated loop topology, and switched fabric topology. FC point to point topology is widely used in the industry with the advent of low latency storage such as flash storage. Customers are increasingly using FC in direct attach flash storage to a host, to get high dedicated bandwidth and maximum input/output (I/O) operations per second (IOPS) for I/O intense workloads. These workloads often do not require a storage area network (SAN) and performs well with direct attach low latency storage such as flash storage. Customers tend to avoid an FC switch in order to minimize infrastructure cost, and instead use FC point to point topology to facilitate direct attach of storage to a host.
In the FC protocol, a World Wide Port Name (WWPN) is an identifier to identify an FC port. Most of initiators (hosts) recover from short duration of link bounce (cable disconnect and reconnect), if they find that the same port with same WWPN is available again after link up (reconnect). Generally, after linking up and performing FC logins, an initiator (host) verifies whether the same port with the same WWPN is found at a target (storage server), and then the initiator continues I/O. If the same port with the same WWPN is not found at the target, then the initiator (host) fails I/O and application downtime is experienced.
Multiple target ports on a target (storage server) is most common configuration. It is possible that a set of ports on the target (storage server) go into different SANs or different FC topologies. Following scenarios may require an FC direct attach cable to be moved from one port on the target (storage server) to other ports on the target (storage server): (a) change in configuration requirements, (b) consolidation of the bandwidth utilization on the target (storage server) across controllers or individual ports, (c) consolidation of ports on the target (storage server), and (d) storage controller maintenance (e.g., controller firmware update). If a direct attach port on the target (storage server) has to be relinquished and a connection of the direct attach port has to be moved to a different port on the target (storage server), it causes I/O application to be interrupted.
In one aspect, a computer-implemented method for seamless I/O in Fibre Channel point to point topology is provided. The computer-implemented method is implemented by a target. The computer-implemented method includes returning a first World Wide Port Name for a first port on the target to a pool of World Wide Port Names for ports on the target, in response to detecting that a Fibre Channel link between a port on an initiator and the first port on the target is down; detecting a connection between the port on the initiator and a second port on the target; determining whether the port on the initiator issues a request of an initiator initiated Fabric login for connecting to the second port on the target; performing the initiator initiated Fabric login, in response to determining that the port on the initiator issues the request of the initiator initiated Fabric login; and performing a target initiated Fabric login, in response to determining that the port on the initiator does not issue the request of the initiator initiated Fabric login.
In another aspect, a computer program product for seamless I/O in Fibre Channel point to point topology is provided. The computer program product comprising one or more computer-readable tangible storage devices and program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more computer-readable tangible storage devices. The program instructions are executable to return, by a target, a first World Wide Port Name for a first port on the target to a pool of World Wide Port Names for ports on the target, in response to detecting that a Fibre Channel link between a port on an initiator and the first port on the target is down. The program instructions are further executable to detect, by the target, a connection between the port on the initiator and a second port on the target. The program instructions are further executable to determine, by the target, whether the port on the initiator issues a request of an initiator initiated Fabric login for connecting to the second port on the target. The program instructions are further executable to perform, by the target, the initiator initiated Fabric login, in response to determining that the port on the initiator issues the request of the initiator initiated Fabric login. The program instructions are further executable to perform, by the target, a target initiated Fabric login, in response to determining that the port on the initiator does not issue the request of the initiator initiated Fabric login.
In yet another aspect, a computer system for seamless I/O in Fibre Channel point to point topology is provided. The computer system comprises one or more processors, one or more computer readable tangible storage devices, and program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more computer readable tangible storage devices for execution by at least one of the one or more processors. The program instructions are executable to: return, by a target, a first World Wide Port Name for a first port on the target to a pool of World Wide Port Names for ports on the target, in response to detecting that a Fibre Channel link between a port on an initiator and the first port on the target is down; detect, by the target, a connection between the port on the initiator and a second port on the target; determine, by the target, whether the port on the initiator issues a request of an initiator initiated Fabric login for connecting to the second port on the target; perform, by the target, the initiator initiated Fabric login, in response to determining that the port on the initiator issues the request of the initiator initiated Fabric login; and perform, by the target, a target initiated Fabric login, in response to determining that the port on the initiator does not issue the request of the initiator initiated Fabric login.
Embodiments of the present invention disclose an approach by which a target (or storage server) facilitates uninterrupted I/O in a case of moving a Fibre Channel (FC) direct attach connection from one port on the target to another port on the target. In this document, the terms of “port on a target”, “storage port”, and “target port” are interchangeable; the terms “port on an initiator”, “host bus adapter (HBA) port” and “initiator port” are interchangeable.
Using multiple I/O paths (MPIO) from a host may be an alternative. When one I/O path fails due to failure of a port on the target, MPIO software fails over I/O to another path through a different port on the target. However, not all customers use MPIO for a direct attach configuration. In such a case, adding additional I/O paths on the fly to achieve target port consolidation will be a difficult task. The reason is that adding additional path dynamically requires to add a new host bus adapter (HBA) port and make Logical Unit Number (LUN) Masking settings on the target (storage server).
Embodiments of the present invention disclose an approach that is on the target (storage server) side as opposed to the host side in the MPIO. The advantage of the target (storage server) side solution is that the target port failure will not result in I/O failure on the host and hence will not result in path failover. The present invention complements the MPIO solution but doesn't contradict the MPIO solution.
In the Fibre Channel protocol, an FC port is identified by a World Wide Port Name (WWPN). A target (storage server) also identify an initiator (host) by an initiator port's WWPN used in a Fabric login (FLOGI) request or response by the initiator. All the FC host bus adapter (HBA) ports provide a way to specify WWPNs in their FLOGI requests or responses. On the target side, a pool of all WWPNs will be created by reading WWPN of each FC target port, and a WWPN for a FC target port from the pool will be assigned with the following method. When an FC direct attach cable is first time connected or an FLOGI starts on an FC target port, one WWPN is used from the pool and will be assigned forever for the FC target port if the connection is not point to point. In a case of FC point to point topology, a WWPN assigned to the FC target port will be given back to the pool if the FC link is down; this WWPN (which is given back to the pool) will be used again for the FC target port when the same initiator appears again. A point to point mapping table on the target (storage server) is maintained to define mapping of WWPNs of FC target ports to WWPNs of FC initiator ports. The table shows that a specific WWPN of an FC target port is exclusively used by a specific WWPN of an FC initiator port. In FC point to point topology, the target (storage server) will use the same WWPN of FC target ports for the FC initiator port. In FC point to point topology, if the initiator (which has been connected to the FC target port) is disconnected, then the WWPN (which has been assigned to the FC target port) will be used last by the target (storage server) for another FC target port. This means that the WWPN will be reserved until all other WWPNs in the pool are used by other FC target ports. If the same initiator comes back before the WWPN is used by other FC target ports, then the WWPN will be used for another FC target port connecting to the initiator. In the following paragraphs, an approach is described in detail; the approach is used to maintain the same WWPN for the FC target port when an FC link between the FC target port and the initiator is down.
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After detecting the connection between the port on the initiator and the second port on the target, either the initiator (e.g., initiator 10) or the target (e.g., target 20) may initiate a Fabric login (FLOGI). In the YES branch of decision block 307, the target (e.g., target 20) handles a case that the initiator (e.g., initiator 10) initiates the Fabric login (FLOGI); the operational steps in this case are steps 311, 313, and 315 (shown in
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Computing device 400 further includes I/O interface(s) 450. I/O interface(s) 450 allows for input and output of data with external device(s) 460 that may be connected to computing device 400. Computing device 400 further includes network interface(s) 440 for communications between computing device 400 and a computer network.
The present invention may be a system, a method, and/or a computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer readable storage medium (or media) having computer readable program instructions thereon for causing a processor to carry out aspects of the present invention.
The computer readable storage medium can be a tangible device that can retain and store instructions for use by an instruction execution device. The computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but is not limited to, an electronic storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A non-exhaustive list of more specific examples of the computer readable storage medium includes the following: a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disk (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanically encoded device, such as punch-cards or raised structures in a groove having instructions recorded thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. A computer readable storage medium, as used herein, is not to be construed as being transitory signals per se, such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through a waveguide or other transmission media (e.g., light pulses passing through a fiber-optic cable), or electrical signals transmitted through a wire.
Computer readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded to respective computing/processing devices from a computer readable storage medium or to an external computer or external storage device via a network, for example, the Internet, a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), and/or a wireless network. The network may comprise copper transmission cables, optical transmission fibers, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers and/or edge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in each computing/processing device receives computer readable program instructions from the network and forwards the computer readable program instructions for storage in a computer readable storage medium within the respective computing/processing device.
Computer readable program instructions for carrying out operations of the present invention may be assembler instructions, instruction-set-architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state-setting data, or either source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Smalltalk, C++, and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the C programming language, or similar programming languages. The computer readable program instructions may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer, or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider). In some embodiments, electronic circuitry including, for example, programmable logic circuitry, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or programmable logic arrays (PLA) may execute the computer readable program instructions by utilizing state information of the computer readable program instructions to personalize the electronic circuitry in order to perform aspects of the present invention.
Aspects of the present invention are described herein with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer readable program instructions.
These computer readable program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. These computer readable program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium that can direct a computer, a programmable data processing apparatus, and/or other devices to function in a particular manner, such that the computer readable storage medium having instructions stored therein comprises an article of manufacture, including instructions which implement aspects of the function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The computer readable program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, other programmable apparatus, or other device to produce a computer implemented process, such that the instructions which execute on the computer, other programmable apparatus, or other device implement the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of instructions, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). In some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems that perform the specified functions or acts or carry out combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.