This invention relates to spatial light modulator (SLM) arrays and control circuits to control the SLM. More particularly, this invention relates to signal control methods for controlling the non-sequential order and timing of inputting state signals to achieve substantially lower data transfer rate.
Even though there are significant advances made in recent years on the technologies of implementing spatial light modulator, there are still limitations and difficulties when employed to provide high quality images display. Specifically, when the display images are digitally controlled, the image qualities are adversely affected due to the fact that the image is not displayed with sufficient number of gray scales. A higher input data rate is required in order to increase the number of gray scales to display the images with sufficient number of gray scales.
For the purpose of illustration,
According to the writing sequence, the writing process must write the entire pixel array in 1U time period. Then the process must rewrite the entire array 1U later. The system speed must be fast enough to write 1 bit of information into each pixel of the entire array. If this is HD-TV, the writing process must be operated to write 1920×1080=2,073,600 bits of data in 1U period. A typical HD-TV refreshes the entire screen 60 times a second. A single panel micromirror represents at least 3 colors in a frame ( 1/60 seconds). If each color is represented in 1/180 seconds with 8 bit gray scale, the entire array must be written at least in 1U=1/(180×256)=21.7 usec for LSB and practically faster than that because there should be allowance of additional time for blanking (unused time between 2 colors). The length of time represented by 1U is 21.7 usec and practically shorter than that. Some image display system allows only one line writing at a time. Only one line at a time can be written the majority of pixel array system is so in the industry. The process to write data for a line must be within 21.7 usec/1080 lines, i.e., must be shorter than 20 nsec. A conventional PWM system requires the speed of data transfer of 20 nsec per line for 8 bit and 1080 line screen. A typical HD-TV contains 1920 pixels per line and this means that 1920 bits have to be transferred to a device in 20 nano-seconds or this equates to 96 Giga bits per seconds. With the present technology, this speed cannot be achieved easily. An improved system is therefore required to reduce the requirement to enable a low cost and small device.
However, the input data rates are limited by the speed of the controller, data transmission rate over the signal lines and the speed of writing data to the memory in each pixel element. Increasing the input data rates by modifying of controller, the signal transmission lines, and memory writing process through hardware modification can be complicate and economically very costly. For these reasons, there are urgent demand to provide new and improved configuration and methods to overcome such difficulties and limitations.
The present invention relates to control circuits for micromirror devices and arrays of micromirror devices. The purpose of controlling the arrays is to apply such array as spatial light modulators (SLMs).
In another aspect, the present invention provides a micromirror device that can be operated with a substantially lower data rate while maintaining the same display image quality. Alternately, the device can achieve higher data input rate to achieve improved image quality displayed with image data having a higher number of bits without requiring device operated at higher speed by writing the image data in divided groups at non-sequential order.
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the following Figures.
According to
This invention will drastically reduce the speed requirement without sacrificing quality. The conventional system writes the LSB bit plane from top to bottom. By writing only one eighth (⅛) of array the writing speed can be reduced to ⅛ of the speed. The writing process cannot write any of the rest of array, because the display system does not allow multiple line writing, but only a single line at a time. The writing process must write the rest of the unfinished array if the LSB data is written for all the lines. However, if the writing process is controlled not to write the LSB data for the array and controlled to write MSB or other non LSB data into the rest of the array, the writing of the data for the rest of the array may be avoided depending on the combination.
For example, after completing the write process of the MSB data into the first ⅛ lines (1080/8=135 lines, or 1st group), the writing process is then controlled to write LSB data into the second ⅛ lines (second 135 lines meaning 136th to 270th line or 2nd group). The non-sequential writing process therefore start with writing MSB in the 1st group, then write LSB into the 2nd group without conflict during 128U period for the 1st group. Therefore, the writing processes as disclosed in this invention can overcome the limitation and “simultaneously” writing into two or more pixels on a single bit lines by making use of the idle time by non-sequentially writing different group of data into pixel elements in multiple lines.
In different embodiments, the writing process can write different groups of data bits into different combinations of lines including adjacent groups of lines, or interleaved lines or any combination of lines. Under circumstances, for the purpose of convenience of control, it is preferable to write each of group of lines that has same number of lines.
As mentioned earlier, writing to a block must be done one at a time, meaning there cannot be more than 1 write to more than 1 block in a unit time. This limitation is because of the control circuit and that is part of the nature of active matrix. The following descriptions explain how the system works. Specifically, the bit lines run vertically and word lines run horizontally. A bit line and a word line cross at a pixel, where there is a transistor working as a switch. This switch will be on only when both bit line and word line are ON, so that a single data can be written to only one pixel selectively. For example, the process can switch on the 888th bit line and the 999th word line, therefore, the pixel at (888,999) according to the address is switched on and the data bits are written and stored into the pixel. This is the fundamental principle of the pixel drive. The address to write a data selects the vertical line and horizontal line and the pixel at the crossing of the vertical and horizontal line is written. Normally a bit line is connected to all the pixels in a column and a word line is connected to all the pixels in a row.
By preparing multiple bit lines, the writing process can simultaneously write multiple pixels. The writing processes of this invention place multiple bit lines in a pixel, e.g., two bit lines are grouped in a pixel, the writing process is controlled to write two capacitors (one for right electrode and one for the left). This invention extends the concept further by providing multiple independent control units in a pixel. More bit lines, e.g., twenty bitlines, can be prepared by applying the non-sequential writing process to achieve simultaneously control these prepared lines.
Additional variations can be carried out to write more than a line at a time by dividing the array into two blocks and prepare two separate bit lines. For example upper half and lower half of array and the first bit line are connected to only the upper block and the second bit line is connected to the lower block. Prepare two bit line drivers at top and bottom. The control process can drive and store memory into the two blocks (upper half and lower half) independently, although it is necessary to prepare two sets of drivers and circuits.
The control process of active matrix drive is to prepare a column of address selector (select one row out of 1080) at a side, e.g., the left side usually, and a row of drivers at bottom which can send signal data to pixels in the selected row. When the address selector selects two rows with control signals to switch two rows ON, the data for one pixel will be stored in two pixels. The data input rate is therefore increased by overcoming the original limit as that set by the design of the active matrix control schemes.
An algorism is developed to select right combinations automatically by a computer, although it is not a mathematical formula. The algorithm can successfully calculate combinations up to N=8 and M=8. The only limitation is that there may be a great number of solutions exist and it is not possible to list all of these solutions. However, practically, only one solution is required to implement the improved writing process as disclosed in this invention.
A Non-Sequential Algorism which enables ⅛ speed data transfer is described below.
This new algorism is to write a group in 1U time period or to write data with 1/n speed, where n is the number of groups.
An example of sequential writing of 4 bits of grayscale data into 4 groups of regions in an array. The number of grayscale bits does not have to be equal to the number of groups. Any combinations are possible. An Example of sequential writing of 4 bits of grayscale data is to divide the pixels into 4 groups of regions in an array. The number of grayscale bits does not have to be equal to the number of groups. Any combinations are possible. As shown in
An example of sequential writing is shown below:
Although the present invention has been described in terms of the presently preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that such disclosure is not to be interpreted as limiting. Various alternations and modifications will no doubt become apparent to those skilled in the art after reading the above disclosure. Accordingly, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as covering all alternations and modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.
This application is a Non-provisional Application and claims the Priority of Provisional Application 61/198,614 filed on Nov. 7, 2008. This Patent Application is also a Continuation in Part (CIP) Application of patent application Ser. No. 11/183,216 filed on Jul. 16, 2005 and issued into U.S. Pat. No. 7,215,460 B2. This application is also a Continuation in Part (CIP) Application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/698,620 filed on Nov. 1, 2003 now abandoned, patent application Ser. No. 10/699,140 filed on Nov. 1, 2003 issued into U.S. Pat. No. 6,862,127, and patent application Ser. No. 10/699,143 filed on Nov. 1, 2003 issued into U.S. Pat. No. 6,903,860 by the Applicant of this Patent Applications. The disclosures made in these Patent Applications are hereby incorporated by reference in this Patent Application.
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20100073270 A1 | Mar 2010 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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61198614 | Nov 2008 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 11183216 | Jul 2005 | US |
Child | 12590372 | US | |
Parent | 10698620 | Nov 2003 | US |
Child | 11183216 | US | |
Parent | 10699140 | Nov 2003 | US |
Child | 10698620 | US | |
Parent | 10699143 | Nov 2003 | US |
Child | 10699140 | US |