Patent Application
20150122531
A strain gauge may be integrated into a thin-film circuit. U.S. Pat. No. 4,522,067 to Burger et al. Such strain gauges may be in the form of a touch sensor. EP 2657812A2 to Graphene Square. Strain gauges may be attached to any structural element in which strain on the structural element is to be measured. For example, a strain gauge may be used to measure a load of an occupant seated on a search in a vehicle. U.S. Pat. No. 7,555,960 to Nakano et al.
At least a first embodiment provides an article comprising a conductive film comprising conductive structures, and a first resistive element patterned into a first portion of the conductive film. In at least some cases, the conductive structures may comprise nanostructures, such as, for example, nanowires. Silver nanowires are exemplary conductive structures. In some useful applications, the first resistive element may be part of a Wheatstone bridge.
In at least some such embodiments, the first portion of the conductive film is capable of deflection. In some cases, the article may comprise at least one second portion of the conductive film that is less flexible than the first portion. Such a second portion may, in some cases, comprise at least one second resistive element patterned therein. In some useful applications, the at least one second resistive element may be part of a Wheatstone bridge.
More generally, the article may comprise at least one second resistive element that may or may not be part of such a second portion of the conductive film, where the first resistive element and the at least one second resistive element are part of a Wheatstone bridge.
At least a second embodiment provides an electrical circuit comprising a Wheatstone bridge, the Wheatstone bridge comprising at least one first resistive element, where the at least one first resistive element is patterned into a first portion of a conductive film comprising conductive structures. In at least some cases, the conductive structures may comprise nanostructures, such as, for example, nanowires. Silver nanowires are exemplary conductive structures. In some useful applications, the first resistive element may be part of a Wheatstone bridge.
In at least some such embodiments, the first portion of the conductive film is capable of deflection. In some cases, the article may comprise at least one second portion of the conductive film that is less flexible than the first portion. Such a second portion may, in some cases, comprise at least one second resistive element patterned therein. In some useful applications, the at least one second resistive element may be part of a Wheatstone bridge.
In at least some such embodiments, the electrical circuit may further comprise at least another resistive element that is not patterned into the conductive film. For example, such a resistive element may be part of a Wheatstone bridge comprising the at least one first resistive element.
All publications, patents, and patent documents referred to in this document are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety, as though individually incorporated by reference.
U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/898,637, filed Nov. 1, 2013, entitled STRAIN GAUGE, is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
In the case where resistances R1, R2, and R3 are known, the value of an unknown resistance Rx may be inferred from knowledge of Vo and Vin.
In some embodiments, the resistors R1, R2, R3, and Rx of the Wheatstone bridge form a strain gauge. A strain gauge is a device that may be used to measure strain on an object. The strain gauge may be attached to an object in which strain is to be measured. As the object is subjected to strain, the strain gauge and its pattern may be deformed from its original shape or size or deflected from its original position, causing its electrical resistance Rx to change. This change in electrical resistance, which may be measured using a Wheatstone bridge, is related to the strain by the gauge factor. A strain gauge takes advantage of the relationship between the physical property of electrical conductance and the conductor's geometry. The strain gauge that is in the form of a transparent conductive film may comprise any of the various electrical conductors. When the strain gage is stretched within the limits of its elasticity without breaking or permanent deformation, the electrical conductor may become narrower and longer, which increases its electrical resistance end-to-end. When the strain gauge is compressed without buckling, the electrical conductor may broaden and shorten, which decreases its electrical resistance end-to-end. The strain gauge may also be used to measure force, pressure, travel, weight, or acceleration, as is known to one skilled in the art.
At least some of the resistive elements of the Wheatstone bridge may be patterned into a transparent conductive film. In some embodiments, all of the resistive elements are so patterned. It will be understood that in preferred embodiments, at least resistance Rx of the bridge is patterned into the transparent conductive film. In some embodiments, at least some, if not the entire, portion of the film may be deformable or deflectable. In this application, a structural element that is “deformable” is able to be changed temporarily or permanently due to applied force or change in temperature. Such changes may include a change in shape or size of an object. In this application, a structural element that is “deflectable” is able to be displaced or moved from its original position when subjected to a load or force. A structural element may be deformed or deflected thermally or mechanically. In some embodiments, the film may be deflectable at a first end, for example, near resistor Rx, relative to the second end that is opposite to the first end, for example, near connection points D, A, B, and C. In such cases, the second end may be attached to devices, such as a voltage supplier or a measurement device.
It will be understood that in cases where resistance Rx is patterned into the transparent conductive film and one or more of resistances R1, R2, and R3 is also so patterned, that the resistance Rx will preferably be positioned into a portion of the film that is more deflectable (i.e., less rigid) than the portions(s) into which any of the other resistances is patterned. The other portion(s) may be less deflectable (i.e., more rigid) owing to differences in physical properties of the film itself, or by virtue of the rigidity of neighboring members to which those portion(s) may be fastened.
Examples of electrical conductors include microstructures or nanostructures. Microstructures and nanostructures are defined according to the length of their shortest dimensions. The shortest dimension of the nanostructure is sized between 1 nm and 100 nm. The shortest dimension of the microstructure is sized between 0.1 μm to 100 μm. Conductive nanostructures may include, for example, metal nanostructures. In some embodiments, the conductive nanostructures may be metal nanowires, carbon nanotubes, metal meshes, transparent conductive oxide, and graphene. In some embodiments, the conductive nanostructures may be metal nanowires, such as, for example, silver nanowires. The transparent conductive films comprising electrical conductors may be patterned to introduce regions of higher resistivity within the transparent conductive film, leaving other regions as lower resistivity regions. The transparent conductive film may comprise several layers made from the same or different polymers. Such polymers include, for example, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB).
U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/898,637, filed Nov. 1, 2013, entitled STRAIN GAUGE, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety, disclosed at least the following 30 non-limiting exemplary embodiments:
A. An article comprising:
wherein the at least one first resistive element is patterned into a first portion of a conductive film comprising conductive structures.
M. The electrical circuit according to embodiment L, wherein the conductive structures comprise nano structures.
N. The electrical circuit according to embodiment L, wherein the conductive structures comprise nanowires.
P. The electrical circuit according to embodiment L, wherein the conductive structures comprise silver nanowires.
Q. The electrical circuit according to embodiment L, wherein the first portion of the conductive film is capable of deflection.
R. The electrical circuit according to embodiment Q, wherein the conductive film comprises at least a second portion hat is less flexible than the first portion.
S. The electrical circuit according to embodiment R, wherein the at least one second portion of the conductive film comprises at least a second resistive element.
T. The electrical circuit according to embodiment S, wherein the at least one second resistive element is part of a Wheatstone bridge.
U. The electrical circuit according to any of embodiments L-T further comprising at least another resistive element that is not patterned into the conductive film.
V. The electrical circuit according to embodiment U, wherein the at least another resistive element is part of the Wheatstone bridge.
W. A method comprising:
The invention has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments, but it will be understood that variations and modifications can be effected within the spirit and scope of the invention. The presently disclosed embodiments are therefore considered in all respects to be illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is indicated by the attached claims, and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalents thereof are intended to be embraced therein.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/898,637, filed Nov. 1, 2013, entitled STRAIN GAUGE, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 61898637 | Nov 2013 | US |
