Patent Application
20150131403
This application is based on and claims priority from Japanese Patent Application Nos. 2013-235304 and 2014-205113, filed on Nov. 13, 2013 and Oct. 3, 2014, respectively, with the Japan Patent Office, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein in their entireties by reference.
The present disclosure relates to a technique for controlling concentration of a processing liquid in a substrate liquid processing apparatus for performing a predetermined liquid processing on a substrate using the processing liquid in which a plurality of raw material liquids is mixed at a predetermined ratio.
A process of manufacturing semiconductor devices includes a liquid processing such as cleaning and etching, which are performed by supplying a processing liquid onto a substrate. In order to perform such a liquid processing, a liquid processing system provided with a plurality of liquid processing units is employed, as described in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2009-172459.
The liquid processing system as described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2009-172459 includes a tank configured to store a processing liquid, a circulation line connected to the tank, and a pump configured to circulate the processing liquid stored in the tank to the circulation line. The circulation line is connected with a plurality of liquid processing units through branch lines, respectively, and each liquid processing unit performs a predetermined liquid processing on a substrate using the processing liquid that circulates the circulation line.
The processing liquid used for the liquid processing is adjusted by supplying a plurality of raw material liquids from independent raw material liquid supply lines, respectively, to the tank by a predetermined amount, and mixing the raw material liquids in the tank. When the processing liquid is adjusted by the mixing in the tank in this manner, the processing liquid may flow out from the tank before the raw material liquids are mixed sufficiently with each other in the tank. Therefore, the processing liquid may be supplied to the liquid units at an appropriate concentration.
Further, a liquid flow controller (LFC) is provided in each raw material liquid supply line, and each raw material liquid is supplied to the tank depending on a set flow rate and a supply time of each LFC. In a case where it is necessary to control the concentration of the processing liquid to a low concentration or within an allowable range, the supply amount may be insufficiently managed by the set flow rate and the supply time of each LFC.
In a preferred exemplary embodiment, the present disclosure provides a substrate liquid processing apparatus including a tank configured to store a processing liquid obtained by mixing at least two kinds of raw material liquids; a circulation line configured to allow the processing liquid to flow out from the tank and flow back to the tank; a liquid processing unit configured to perform a liquid processing on a substrate using the processing liquid in the tank; a processing liquid producing mechanism configured to produce the processing liquid by mixing the at least two kinds of raw material liquids supplied from respective raw material liquid sources at a controlled ratio; a processing liquid supply line configured to supply the processing liquid produced by the processing liquid producing mechanism to the tank; a concentration measuring device configured to measure a concentration of the processing liquid flowing through the circulation line and a concentration of the processing liquid flowing through the processing liquid supply line; and a control device configured to control the processing liquid producing mechanism such that the concentration of the processing liquid falls within a predetermined concentration range, based on the concentrations of the processing liquid measured by the concentration measuring device.
The foregoing summary is illustrative only and is not intended to be in any way limiting. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features will become apparent by reference to the drawings and the following detailed description.
In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawing, which form a part hereof. The illustrative embodiments described in the detailed description, drawing, and claims are not meant to be limiting. Other embodiments may be utilized, and other changes may be made, without departing from the spirit or scope of the subject matter presented here.
An object of the present disclosure is to provide a technique capable of supplying a processing liquid to a substrate at a precise concentration.
According to a preferred exemplary embodiment, the present disclosure provides a substrate liquid processing apparatus including a tank configured to store a processing liquid obtained by mixing at least two kinds of raw material liquids; a circulation line configured to allow the processing liquid to flow out from the tank and flow back to the tank; a liquid processing unit configured to perform a liquid processing on a substrate using the processing liquid in the tank; a processing liquid producing mechanism configured to produce the processing liquid by mixing the at least two kinds of raw material liquids supplied from respective raw material liquid sources at a controlled ratio; a processing liquid supply line configured to supply the processing liquid produced by the processing liquid producing mechanism to the tank; a concentration measuring device configured to measure a concentration of the processing liquid flowing through the circulation line and a concentration of the processing liquid flowing through the processing liquid supply line; and a control device configured to control the processing liquid producing mechanism such that the concentration of the processing liquid falls within a predetermined concentration range, based on the concentrations of the processing liquid measured by the concentration measuring device.
In the above-mentioned substrate processing liquid apparatus, the control device controls the processing liquid producing mechanism such that the processing liquid is supplied to the tank through the processing liquid supply line at a concentration and in an amount required to cause the concentration of the processing liquid to fall within the predetermined concentration range, based on the concentration of the processing liquid flowing through the circulation line as measured by the concentration measuring device.
In the above-mentioned substrate processing liquid apparatus, the control device controls the processing liquid producing mechanism such that the processing liquid is supplied to the tank through the processing liquid supply line at a concentration and in an amount required to cause the concentration of the processing liquid to fall within the predetermined concentration range, based on the concentration of the processing liquid flowing through the processing liquid supply line as measured by the concentration measuring device.
In the above-mentioned substrate processing liquid apparatus, the control device controls a mixing ratio of the raw material liquids in the processing liquid producing mechanism such that the concentration of the processing liquid flowing through the processing liquid supply line falls within the predetermined concentration range, based on the concentration of the processing liquid flowing through the processing liquid supply line as measured by the concentration measuring device while the processing liquid is supplied from the processing liquid producing mechanism to the tank through the processing liquid supply line.
The above-mentioned substrate processing liquid apparatus further includes a take-out line for concentration measurement configured to take out the processing liquid flowing through the circulation line and send the processing liquid line to the processing liquid supply line. The concentration measuring device is provided in the processing liquid supply line to measure both the concentration of the processing liquid produced by the processing liquid producing mechanism and the concentration of the processing liquid sent from the circulation line to the processing liquid supply line through the take-out line.
In the above-mentioned substrate processing liquid apparatus, the concentration measuring device measures an instantaneous concentration of the processing liquid flowing through the processing liquid supply line. Further, the control device calculates an accumulated average value of the instantaneous concentration measured by the concentration measuring device after the production of the processing liquid is initiated by the processing liquid producing mechanism, monitors the accumulated average value, and controls the processing liquid producing mechanism such that the accumulated average value falls within a predetermined allowable range.
The above-mentioned substrate processing liquid apparatus further includes a drain line branched from the processing liquid supply line and configured to discharge the processing liquid from the processing liquid supply line; and a switching mechanism configured to perform a switch between a first state where the processing liquid produced by the processing liquid producing mechanism flows in the drain line and a second state where the processing liquid producing mechanism is supplied to the tank. The control device controls such that the switching mechanism is set to be the second state when the accumulated average value falls within the predetermined allowable range, and the switching mechanism is set to be the first state when the accumulated average value deviates from the predetermined allowable range.
In the above-mentioned substrate processing liquid apparatus, the concentration measuring device is provided with a first concentration measuring unit configured to measure the concentration of the processing liquid flowing through the circulation line, and a second concentration measuring unit provided in the processing liquid supply line and configured to measure the concentration of the processing liquid flowing through the processing liquid supply line.
According to another preferred exemplary embodiment, the present disclosure provides a substrate liquid processing method using a substrate liquid processing apparatus including a tank configured to store a processing liquid obtained by mixing at least two kinds of raw material liquids; a circulation line configured to allow the processing liquid to flow out from the tank and flow back to the tank; and a liquid processing unit configured to perform a liquid processing on a substrate using the processing liquid in the tank. The method includes measuring a concentration of the processing liquid flowing through the circulation line; obtaining a concentration and an amount of the processing liquid to be supplemented in the tank to cause the concentration of the processing liquid present in the circulation line and the tank to fall within a predetermined range, based on the measured concentration of the processing liquid; and supplying the processing liquid at the obtained concentration and in the obtained amount to the tank. The supplying of the processing liquid at the determined concentration and in the determined amount to the tank includes: mixing the at least two kinds of raw material liquids supplied from respective raw material liquid sources by the processing liquid producing mechanism to produce the processing liquid and sending the processing liquid to the tank through a processing liquid supply line; measuring a concentration of the processing liquid flowing through the processing liquid supply line; and adjusting a mixing ratio of the raw material liquids in the processing liquid producing mechanism such that the concentration of the processing liquid flowing through the processing liquid supply line becomes the obtained concentration based on the measured concentration.
According to still another preferred exemplary embodiment, the present disclosure provides a substrate liquid processing apparatus including a processing liquid producing mechanism configured to produce a processing liquid by mixing at least two kinds of raw material liquids supplied from respective raw material liquid sources; a liquid processing unit configured to perform a liquid processing on a substrate using the processing liquid produced by the processing liquid producing mechanism; a processing liquid supply line configured to supply the processing liquid produced by the processing liquid producing mechanism to the liquid processing unit or a supply target site connected to the liquid processing unit; a concentration measuring device configured to measure an instantaneous concentration of the processing liquid flowing through the processing liquid supply line; and a control device configured to control a mixing ratio of the raw material liquids mixed by the processing liquid producing mechanism. The control device sequentially calculates an accumulated average value of the instantaneous concentration measured by the concentration measuring device, monitors the accumulated average value, and controls the processing liquid producing mechanism such that the accumulated average value falls within a predetermined allowable range with respect to a target concentration.
The above-mentioned substrate liquid processing apparatus further includes a drain line branched from the processing liquid supply line at a branching point on the processing liquid supply line and configured to discharge the processing liquid from the processing liquid supply line; and a switching mechanism configured to perform a switch between a first state where the processing liquid produced by the processing liquid producing mechanism flows in the drain line and a second state where the processing liquid producing mechanism is supplied to the liquid processing unit or the supply target site. The control device controls such that the switching mechanism is set to be the second state when the accumulated average value falls within the predetermined allowable range, and the switching mechanism is set to be the first state when the accumulated average value deviates from the predetermined allowable range.
In the above-mentioned substrate liquid processing apparatus, when the switching mechanism is switched from the first state to the second state, the control device subtracts a part of data of the instantaneous concentration acquired before the switching mechanism is switched from the first state to the second state from data of the instantaneous concentration used for calculation of the accumulated average value to be calculated after the switching mechanism is switched from the first state to the second state.
In the above-mentioned substrate liquid processing apparatus, the supply target site is a tank configured to store the processing liquid, which is connected to the liquid processing unit through a circulation line.
According to yet another preferred exemplary embodiment, the present disclosure provides a substrate liquid processing method using a substrate liquid processing apparatus including a processing liquid producing mechanism configured to produce a processing liquid by mixing at least two kinds of raw material liquids supplied from respective raw material liquid sources; a liquid processing unit configured to perform a liquid processing on a substrate using the processing liquid produced by the processing liquid producing mechanism; a processing liquid supply line configured to supply the processing liquid produced by the processing liquid producing mechanism to the liquid processing unit or a supply target site connected to the liquid processing unit; and a concentration measuring device configured to measure an instantaneous concentration of the processing liquid flowing through the processing liquid supply line. The method includes measuring an instantaneous concentration of the processing liquid flowing through the processing liquid supply line by the concentration measuring device; sequentially calculating an accumulated average value of the instantaneous concentration measured by the concentration measuring device and monitoring the accumulated average value; and allowing the processing liquid for which the monitored accumulated average value falls within a predetermined allowable range with respect to a target concentration to flow to the liquid processing unit or the supply target site. The control of the mixing ratio of the raw material liquids is performed by controlling the processing liquid producing mechanism such that the accumulated average value falls within the predetermined allowable range with respect to the target concentration.
According to the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the processing liquid may be supplied to the substrate at a precise concentration.
Hereinafter, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.
As illustrated in
The processing fluid source 70 is provided with a tank 102 that stores the processing liquids, and a circulation line 104 that goes out of the tank 102 and goes back to the tank 102. The circulation line 104 is provided with a pump 106. The pump 106 forms a circulating flow which is ejected from the tank 102, passes through the first circulation path 104, and returns to the tank 102. At a downstream side of the pump 106, the circulation line 104 is provided with a filter 108 that removes pollutants such as particles. The circulation line 104 may be further provided with an auxiliary device such as, for example, a heater, as necessary.
One or more branch lines 112 are connected to a connecting region 110 provided in the circulation line 104. Each branch line 112 supplies a processing liquid flowing through the circulation line 104 to the corresponding processing unit 16. Each branch line 112 may be provided with a flow rate adjusting mechanism such as a flow rate control valve, a filter and the like, as necessary.
The liquid processing apparatus further includes a tank liquid supplementing unit 116 configured to supplement the processing liquid or components of the processing liquid in the tank 102. The tank 102 is provided with a drain unit 118 for discarding the processing liquids in the tank 102.
As illustrated in
Further, the program may be recorded in a computer-readable recording medium, and installed from the recording medium to the storage unit 19 of the control device 4. The computer-readable recording medium may be, for example, a hard disc (HD), a flexible disc (FD), a compact disc (CD), a magnet optical disc (MO), or a memory card.
Next, the tank liquid supplementing unit 116 as illustrated in
The tank liquid supplementing unit 116 is provided with a chemical liquid line 204A that allows a chemical liquid (hydrofluoric acid (HF) in the present exemplary embodiment) serving as a first raw material liquid supplied from a chemical liquid source 202A to flow therein, and a diluent line 204B that allows a diluent (deionized water (DIW) in the present exemplary embodiment) serving as a second raw material for diluting the chemical liquid to flow from a diluent source 202B.
Constant-pressure valves 206A, 206B are interposed in the chemical liquid line 204A and the diluent line 204B, respectively.
The chemical liquid line 204A and the diluent line 204B are connected to a mixing valve 208 at a downstream side of the constant-pressure valves 206A, 206B. The mixing valve 208 has a configuration in which two variable throttle valves 208A, 208B having an opening/closing function are integrated therein. The liquids flowing through the chemical liquid line 204A and the diluent line 204B flows at a flow rate restricted by the variable throttle valves 208A, 208B which are adjusted to a predetermined opening degree, and join afterwards. Accordingly, a processing liquid is produced, in which a chemical liquid and a diluent are mixed at a predetermined ratio. That is, the constant-pressure valves 206A, 206B and the mixing valve 208 provided in the chemical liquid line 204A and the diluent line 204B constitute a processing liquid producing mechanism.
The constant-pressure valves 206A, 206B have a function to control a decompression such that a pressure at a secondary side is maintained at a desired constant pressure, regardless of variation in pressure at a primary side. The chemical liquid supplied from the chemical liquid source 202A and the diluent source 202B is usually varied in pressure. Therefore, in order to obtain a precise mixing ratio of the chemical liquid and diluent, the constant-pressure valves 206A, 206B are preferably employed.
The constant-pressure valves 206A, 206B used in the present exemplary embodiment are capable of changing a set value of the primary side pressure by changing a pressure (pilot pressure) of a pressurized air introduced into a pilot port. The pilot pressure is adjusted by electropneumatic regulators (EPR) 209A, 209B.
In the present exemplary embodiment, the opening degree adjusting function of the variable throttle valves 208A, 208B incorporated in the mixing valve 208 is used only for an initial setting, and the variable throttle valves 208A, 208B are used as fixed throttles during operation. The flow rate adjustment of the chemical liquid and the diluent is performed using a secondary side pressure adjusting function of the constant-pressure valves 206A, 206B. The flow rates of the liquids flowing through the chemical liquid line 204A and the diluent line 204B may be adjusted by changing the secondary side pressure of the constant-pressure valves 206A, 206B, that is, the primary side pressure of the variable throttle valves 208A, 208B as the fixed throttles. The variable throttle valves 208A, 208B are used for the purpose of pressure loss balance adjustment rather than the flow rate adjustment.
More specifically, in the present exemplary embodiment, the concentration adjustment is performed by setting a set secondary side pressure of the constant-pressure valve 206A in the chemical liquid line 202A to be constant, and changing a set secondary side pressure of the constant-pressure valve 206B in the diluent line 202B. Thus, the concentration may be adjusted more precisely when adjusting the flow rate of the diluent in a relatively larger amount than when adjusting the flow rate of the chemical liquid in a relatively smaller amount.
The mixing valve 208 is connected with a processing liquid supply line 210 configured to supply the processing liquid adjusted by the mixing valve 208 to the tank 102.
A densitometer 212 is attached to the processing liquid supply line 210 to measure the concentration of the processing liquid flowing through the processing liquid supply line 210 (the concentration of the chemical liquid contained in the processing liquid). Depending on the kind of chemical liquids to be measured, or precision required, any densitometer 212 may be used, including, for example, a densitometer that measures concentration based on a conductivity and a densitometer that measures concentration based on an ultrasonic wave propagation speed.
A detection signal of the densitometer 212 is inputted to a concentration controller 214. The concentration controller 214 may be a part of the control device. The concentration controller 214 performs a feedback control such that the flow rate of the diluent (DIW) flowing through the diluent line 204B is changed by adjusting the pilot pressure sent from the electropneumatic regulator 209B to the constant-pressure valve 206B in accordance to the detection signal from the densitometer 212 to adjust the secondary side pressure of the constant-pressure valve 206B, and hence, the concentration of the processing liquid flowing out from the mixing valve 208 becomes a desired concentration. Further, in the present exemplary embodiment, since the concentration of the processing liquid is adjusted by adjusting only the flow rate of the diluent in a large amount, the pilot pressure sent from the electropneumatic regulator 209A to the constant-pressure valve 206B is maintained constantly.
A preliminary disposal drain line 216 is branched from the processing liquid supply line 210 and joins the drain line 118. An opening/closing valve 216V is interposed in the drain line 216. An opening/closing valve 210V is also interposed in the processing liquid supply line at a downstream side from the branching point of the drain line 216.
A take-out line 220 that takes out the processing liquid for concentration measurement is branched from the circulation line 104 and joins the processing liquid supply line 210 at a joining point between the mixing valve 208 and the densitometer 212. An opening/closing valve 220V is interposed in the take-out line 220.
A liquid level meter 120 is attached to the tank 102 to detect a liquid level of the processing liquid in the tank 102.
Next, an operation method of the liquid processing apparatus will be described. Operation of each component in the following descriptions is performed under the control of the control device 4. The concentration controller 214 is controlled by the control device 4, and concentration information acquired by the concentration controller 214 is transmitted to the control device 4.
First, descriptions will be made on a basic order of supplying the processing liquid at a desired concentration to the tank 102 by the tank liquid supplementing unit 116.
An opening degree of the variable throttles 208A, 208B of the mixing valve 208 suitable to obtain a desired concentration of the processing liquid is determined by a test operation, and the opening degree of the variable throttles 208A, 208B is set to such an opening degree in advance. Similarly, a pilot pressure of the constant-pressure valves 206A, 206B suitable to obtain a desired concentration of the processing liquid is also determined by a test operation, and the value is stored as a control standard value in the concentration controller 214.
First, the opening/closing valve 216V of the drain line 216 is opened and the opening/closing valve 210V of the processing liquid supply line 210 is closed by applying a predetermined pilot pressure to the pilot ports of the constant-pressure valves 206A, 206B. Further, the variable throttles 208A, 208B of the mixing valve 208 are opened to a predetermined opening degree. The opening/closing valve 220V of the take-out line 220 is closed.
Then, the chemical liquid and the diluent flow into the mixing valve 208 from the chemical liquid line 204A and the diluent line 204B at predetermined flow rates, respectively. The chemical liquid and the diluent are mixed in the mixing valve 208 in a mixing ratio corresponding to the flow ratio, flows to the processing liquid supply line 210, and flows to the drain line 216. That is, a preliminary disposal operation is first performed to discard the adjusted processing liquid, but not to supply the adjusted processing liquid to the tank 102. In general, since it takes some time until the flow rates of the chemical liquid and the diluent become stable, the preliminary disposal operation is preferably performed.
During the preliminary disposal operation, the concentration of the processing liquid is monitored by the densitometer 212, and the concentration controller 214 performs the above-mentioned feedback control such that the concentration of the processing liquid becomes a desired concentration. When the concentration measured by the densitometer 213 becomes stable, the opening/closing valve 216V of the drain line 216 is closed and the opening/closing valve 210V of the processing liquid supply line 210 is opened such that the processing liquid is supplied into the tank 102.
While the processing liquid is supplied from the processing liquid supply line 210 to the tank 102, or while the processing liquid flows through the processing liquid supply line 210, the concentration is continuously monitored by the densitometer 212. In a case where the concentration of the processing liquid is higher (lower) than a target value, the concentration controller 214 changes the pilot pressure supplied from the electropneumatic regulator 209B to the constant-pressure valve 206B such that the flow rate of the diluent increases (decreases), and hence, the concentration of the processing liquid supplied to the tank 102 is maintained within an allowable range.
This control is performed by a feedback control which corrects an operation amount MV (the pilot pressure, that is, the opening degree of the constant-pressure valve 206A) based on a deviation of a measurement value PV (the detection value of the densitometer 212) with respect to a set value (the target concentration). That is, since this control is not intervened by a so-called flow rate detection step, an expensive high-accuracy flow rate detector or a flow regulator with a built-in flow rate detector (such as a liquid flow controller) is not required.
However, the densitometer 212 usually measures the concentration of the processing liquid flowing through the processing liquid supply line 210 by a predetermined sampling period (e.g., about 0.1 to 0.2 ms). Hereinafter, in the present specification, the concentration of the processing liquid at each sampling time point may be referred to as an ‘instantaneous concentration’. Monitoring the concentration of the processing liquid may be performed by the densitometer 212 during the above-mentioned preliminary disposal operation, based on comparison of the instantaneous concentration values with the allowable concentration range. Further, a feedback control may be performed by assuming the instantaneous concentration value at each sampling time point as a measurement value PV, and the target concentration value as a set value SV.
Further, the instantaneous concentration measured by the densitometer 212 fluctuates to some extent with a predetermined range over time (the reason will be described later). Therefore, in order to avoid excessively sensitive monitoring and control and stabilize the operations of the apparatus, the above-mentioned monitoring and feedback control may be performed based on a moving average value of the instantaneous concentration instead of individual instantaneous concentration values.
When the processing liquid is supplied from the tank liquid supplementing unit 116 to an empty tank 102 (immediately after installation of the liquid processing apparatus, or during a whole exchange of the processing liquid in the tank), the following procedure will be executed.
According to the above-mentioned basic procedure, a processing liquid is adjusted to a predetermined concentration after the preliminary disposal operation is performed for a predetermined time, and then, the processing liquid is supplied from the processing liquid supply line 210 to the tank 102. At this time, the opening/closing valve 118V of the drain line 118 and the opening/closing valve 220V of the take-out line 220 are all closed.
When a certain amount of the processing liquid is stored in the tank 102, the pump 106 is operated to circulate the processing liquid in the circulation line 104 while supplying the processing liquid to the tank 102 until the liquid level of the processing liquid in the tank 102 reaches a predetermined height.
When a predetermined amount of the processing liquid is stored in the tank 102, a substrate processing is started in the processing units 16. That is, in a state where the processing liquid stored in the tank 102 is being circulated to the circulation line 104, an opening/closing valve and a flow rate adjusting valve (both not illustrated) provided in the branch line 112 are operated to send the processing liquid from the circulation line 104 to the processing units 16 through the branch line 112, as necessary. Using this processing liquid, a predetermined processing is performed on substrates in the processing units 16.
Further, when the whole exchange of the processing is performed, a circulation system including the tank and the circulation line may be cleaned with a flushing liquid (e.g., deionized water) before the processing liquid is stored in the tank. In this case, the flushing liquid may remain in the circulation system and may not be fully removed by pre-washing with the processing liquid. Then, the concentration of the processing liquid in the circulation system may be confirmed in accordance with the concentration monitoring procedure before the processing is started, and if there is an abnormality, a concentration correction of the processing liquid may be performed in accordance with a concentration correction procedure to be described later.
Since the processing liquid in the tank 102 is consumed in the liquid processing performed in the processing units 16, its amount is reduced over time. Therefore, when the processing liquid is reduced by a predetermined amount, a processing liquid is supplemented from the tank liquid supplementing unit 116 to the tank 102. The liquid processing continues while supplementing the processing liquid. Further, as for the processing liquid included in the circulation system including the tank 102 and the circulation line 104, the concentration thereof varies over time due to evaporation of the solvent (the diluent) and resolution. For example, when the processing liquid is a hot diluted hydrofluoric acid (DHF), HF concentration in DHF is reduced gradually over time.
Therefore, when the processing liquid supplement is performed, the concentration correction of the processing liquid included in the circulation system including the tank 102 and the circulation line 104 is performed. For example, if the measured concentration of the processing liquid is lower than a target value, the concentration of the processing liquid present in the circulation system approaches the target value by supplementing a processing liquid at a higher concentration than the target value, to the tank 102.
Comprehensively considering an operation situation of the apparatus, a status whether or not the processing liquid is liable to change over time, and a scope of a ‘processing allowable concentration range (to be described later)’, timing of performing the concentration correction may be determined, for example, as follows:
(1) The supplement of the processing liquid is performed when the liquid level in the tank 102 detected by the liquid level meter 120 is lowered to a certain threshold, and at this time, the concentration correction is performed (a regular concentration correction).
(2) The concentration of the processing liquid in the circulation system is monitored all the time or periodically (or when there is a concern of a change in concentration after a long-term stoppage of the apparatus), and when the concentration deviates from a ‘correction standard concentration range (to be described later)’, the concentration correction is performed (a concentration correction based on monitoring).
The ‘correction standard concentration range’ is defined as follows. There is a ‘processing allowable concentration range’ as a prerequisite of setting the ‘correction standard concentration range’. The ‘processing allowable concentration range’ means a range which may cause an unallowable problem in a case where a substrate processing is performed with a processing liquid of a concentration out of the range. Further, in a case where the concentration deviates from the ‘processing allowable concentration range, the liquid processing apparatus is immediately emergency-stopped. A ‘correction start concentration range’ is a concentration range narrower than the ‘processing allowable concentration range’, and is set with a safety margin which does not easily deviate from the ‘processing allowable concentration range’ even when the liquid processing apparatus is operated for a certain time in a state of deviating from the range. Further, the ‘target value’ of the concentration is, for example, a median of the ‘correction start concentration range’.
In the case of the above-mentioned (1), it is necessary to monitor the concentration of the processing liquid in the circulation system at least once before the supplement of the processing liquid. This is to determine an amount and a concentration of the processing liquid to be supplemented.
When the concentration of the processing liquid in the circulation is monitored, the variable throttle valves 208A, 208B of the mixing valve 208 are closed, the opening/closing valve 220V of the take-out line 220 is opened, and the opening/closing valve 210V of the processing liquid supply line 210 is opened, using the opening/closing function while the pump 106 is operated. Further, the opening/closing valve 216 of the drain valve remains closed. Thus, a part of the processing liquid flowing in a slightly upstream of the connecting region 110 of the circulation line 104 flows into the processing liquid supply line through the take-out line 220, and flows to the tank 102. Accordingly, the concentration of the processing liquid flowing through the circulation line 104 may be measured by the densitometer 212 attached to the processing liquid supply line 210.
In the case of the above-mentioned ‘(1) regular concentration correction’, the processing liquid is supplemented when the liquid level in the tank 102 is lowered to a certain threshold. Therefore, the total amount of the processing liquid present in the circulation is well-known at a time of starting the processing liquid supplement. Accordingly, since the liquid level of the processing liquid in the tank 102 is usually set to an upper limit height, the amount of the processing liquid to be supplemented may be known. Therefore, if the concentration of the processing liquid present in the circulation system is known before the supplement, a concentration of the processing liquid to be supplemented is easily determined by calculation, which is required to make a concentration of the processing liquid present in the circulation system after the supplement to be the target value. Such a calculation may be performed by the control unit 4. If a concentration to be supplemented is known, a processing liquid at that concentration may be supplied from the tank liquid supplementing unit 116 to the tank 102 based on the above-mentioned basic procedure.
In the case of the above-mentioned ‘(2) concentration correction based on monitoring’, the opening/closing valve 118V of the drain line 118 is opened, and the processing liquid in the tank 102 is drained until the liquid level becomes a predetermined height, while monitoring the liquid level of the processing liquid in the tank 102 by the liquid level meter 120. Thereafter, the same procedure as in the ‘(1) regular concentration correction’ may be performed.
According to the above-mentioned exemplary embodiment, since the tank 102 is supplied with a processing liquid which is adjusted to a predetermined concentration, the concentration of the processing liquid flowing out to the circulation line 104 is stabilized, thereby enhancing the stability of the process. If a plurality of raw material liquids is supplied separately to the tank 102, these raw material liquids may flow out to the circulation line 104 before the raw materials are mixed sufficiently in the tank 102, and may be supplied to substrates by processing units. However, such a phenomenon does not happen in the exemplary embodiment.
Further, according to the exemplary embodiment, the control of the concentration of the processing liquid is performed by the feedback control of the valve opening degree (the opening degree of the constant-pressure valve 206B based on the detection value of the densitometer 212 attached to the processing liquid supply line 201. Therefore, the concentration of the processing liquid may be controlled more rapidly and more precisely, as compared with a case where the concentration of the processing liquid, which is a mixed liquid of raw material liquids, is controlled indirectly by flow control of the raw materials. Further, it is possible to omit a cumbersome calculation such as an arithmetic operation of necessary flow rate from a concentration, which is required in a case where a liquid flow controller (LFC) is controlled based on the detection value of the densitometer 212.
According to the exemplary embodiment, both the concentration of the processing liquid supplied from the tank liquid supplementing unit 116 to the tank 102 and the concentration of the processing liquid flowing through the circulation line 104 may be measured by a concentration measuring device including one common densitometer 212. Therefore, the number of expensive densitometers may be reduced, and thus, cost for the liquid processing apparatus may be reduced.
However, the concentration measuring device may be configured with two densitometers. Specifically, for example, as illustrated in
According to the alternative embodiment as illustrated in
Hereinafter, detailed descriptions will be made on another preferred exemplary embodiment of a method of monitoring and controlling a concentration of the processing liquid supplied from the processing liquid supply line 210 to the tank 102 (or discarded to the drain line 216), using the densitometer 212.
The densitometer 212 measures the concentration of the processing liquid flowing through the processing liquid supply line 210 by a predetermined sampling period (e.g., about 0.1 to 0.2 ms). Due to the chemical liquid concentration distribution in the liquid flowing direction as described above, the measurement value of the densitometer 212 fluctuates severely as illustrated in the graph of
The fluctuation of the detection value of the densitometer 212 as illustrated in the graph of
In the present exemplary embodiment, the feedback control of the mixing ratio and the determination of supplying the processing liquid to the tank 102 are performed based on the average value (here, an accumulated average value as described later) of the concentration of the processing liquid, from understanding that a microscopic concentration variation does not adversely affect the processing result. Here, the supply of the processing liquid based on the determination procedure and the determination will be described with reference to the graph of
In the graph of
As described above, a chemical liquid and a diluent flow from the chemical liquid line 204A and the diluent line 204B, respectively, to the mixing valve 208 at flow rates controlled by the concentration controller 214, and the chemical liquid and the diluent are mixed in the mixing valve 208 at a mixing ratio corresponding to the flow ratio, so that the production of the processing liquid (the mixed liquid) starts. Immediately after the production of the processing liquid starts, a preliminary disposal operation is performed to flow the produced processing liquid (the diluted chemical liquid) to the drain line 216. The start time point of the preliminary disposal operation corresponds to time point T0 in the graph of
In the example of
When the instantaneous concentration values falls within the accumulated average monitoring start standard range between the horizontal lines C1H (corresponding to a first upper limit), C1L (corresponding to a first lower limit) (time point T1 in
The term ‘accumulated average’ as used in the specification means an arithmetic average ((X1+X2+ . . . Xn)/n) of all data from a first acquired data X1 (that is, at time point T1) to a data Xn last acquired for calculating the average value. Accordingly, as an average is calculated later in terms of time, the average becomes an average value of more data. In the above-mentioned point, the ‘accumulated average’ always has the same number of data for average calculation, and is different from a ‘moving average’ in which a period of acquiring data for average calculation shifts gradually to a later side in terms of time.
For the supply control of the processing liquid based on the calculation of the accumulated average value and the calculation result, the control device 4 is provided with a memory that accumulates the instantaneous concentration data sent from the densitometer 212.
When the concentration control is performed normally, the accumulated average value converges on the target value. When the accumulated average value falls within the concentration allowable range between the two horizontal dotted lines CA1, CA2 (time point T2 in
The supply of the processing liquid to the tank 102 starts (time point T2), and at the same time, the control device 4 starts calculating new accumulated average values. Here, a calculation method of a new accumulated average value will be described with reference to
Therefore, in the present exemplary embodiment, the calculation of a new accumulated average value employs an instantaneous concentration data acquired at time point T2′ going back from time point T2 by a predetermined time. Here, the instantaneous concentration data X96 is regarded as a first instantaneous concentration data for calculating the new accumulated average value. That is, the new accumulated average value is calculated based on an equation (X96+X97+ . . . XN)/(N−100+5). That is, the control device 4 may consider to continuously calculate the accumulated average from the instantaneous concentration data used for calculation of the accumulated average value calculated after time point T2 except for a part of the instantaneous concentration data calculated before time point T2 (the data acquired from time point T1 to a time point immediately before time point T2). Further, at time point T2′, it is desirable that a plurality of (an appropriate number smaller than the n, for example, about five) successive accumulated average values is already within the concentration allowable range, or that the accumulated average values once fall within the concentration allowable range and do not deviate from the concentration allowable range for a predetermined time (an appropriate time shorter than the time t).
After time point T2, the control device 4 continuously monitors a new accumulated average value. If the accumulated average value deviates from the above-mentioned accumulated average allowable range (Yes of step S6 in
After the second preliminary disposal starts, the process may return to step S1. At this time, if the determination of step S2 is still ‘No’, or the determination of step S4 is still ‘No’, it is estimated that there is an abnormality in a constitutional device. Then, the control device 4 issues an alarm after a preset time elapses.
If the determination of step S6 in
Further, when the instantaneous concentration value falls within the accumulated average monitoring start standard range between the horizontal lines C1H (corresponding to the first upper limit), C1L (corresponding to the second lower limit) (corresponding to time point T1, and Yes of step S2 in
The control and monitoring of the concentration of the processing liquid may be performed using the accumulated average as described above so that the processing liquid at a precise concentration is supplied to the tank 102 while avoiding instability of the concentration control of the apparatus. In practice, according to the inventors' experiment, when the concentration of the processing liquid was measured after the processing liquid was supplied to the tank 102 and flowed through the circulation line 104 to be homogenized sufficiently, the concentration fell within the concentration allowable range of the processing liquid. It is also possible to determine whether or not the control of the mixing ratio and the supply of the processing liquid to the tank 102 start, based on the instantaneous concentration values or the moving average thereof. However, a relatively complicated logic may be required for the determination of the supply of the processing liquid, and the determination may require a long time. Further, it may take very long time until the concentration of the processing liquid is stabilized within the allowable range because the control becomes unstable. If the determination and the stabilization of the concentration requires a long time, it is not economical because the operation efficiency of the liquid processing apparatus deteriorates, and the amount of the processing liquid discarded in the preliminary disposal increases. On the contrary, when the accumulated average is used, the determination may be performed based on a very simple logic, and it may take short time to determine whether or not the supply of the processing liquid to the tank 102 starts. Accordingly, the processing liquid at a precise concentration may be supplied to substrates in a short time.
Next, in fully exchanging the processing liquid in the circulation system including the tank 102 and the circulation line 104, a preferred exemplary embodiment will be described, in which the processing liquid is supplied to the tank 102 after cleaning the circulation system including the tank and the circulation line with a flushing liquid (e.g., deionized water) before collecting the processing liquid in the tank 102. In this case, since a certain amount of the flushing liquid remains inevitably in the circulation system, it is generally difficult to store the processing liquid in the tank 102 at a precise concentration.
In this exemplary embodiment, the processing liquid is not supplied to the tank 102 once until a full liquid state, but the processing liquid is supplied to the tank 102 at least in twice. In the first time, the processing liquid is supplied in an amount of approximately half of the rated capacity of the tank 102. The supply amount of the processing liquid to the tank 102 is controlled based on the detection value of the liquid level meter 120. Although not illustrated in detail in
Corresponding to the first supply of the processing liquid, a target concentration of the processing liquid to be stored in the tank 102 is first set as a control target value of the concentration controller 214. The concentration as the control target value may be completely the same as the target concentration of the processing liquid to be stored in the tank 102, but may be set to be slightly higher than the concentration of the processing liquid to be stored in the tank 102 in consideration of the amount of the flushing liquid (here, deionized water which is the same as the diluent) remaining in the circulation system after flushing. In this state, the procedure of steps S1 to S8 as illustrated in the flowchart of
When the preliminary disposal operation of step S1 is performed, it is desirable to start flow the chemical liquid to the chemical liquid line 204A after a predetermined delay time elapses from the start of the flow of the diluent to the diluent line 204B. During the delay time, checking of soundness of the densitometer may be performed.
When the step of the first supply of the processing liquid (S8) is terminated, the variable throttle valves 208A, 208B are closed and the opening/closing valve 220V is opened, using the opening/closing function, such that the processing liquid flowing in the circulation line 104 through the take-out line 220 is allowed to flow to the processing liquid supply line 210, and then, the concentration of the processing liquid in the circulation system including the tank 102 and the circulation line 104 is measured by the densitometer 212 (in a case of adopting the configuration of
A control target value of the concentration controller 214 is determined for the second supply of the processing liquid, based on the concentration measurement result. That is, when the measured concentration is lower (higher) than the target concentration of the processing liquid to be stored in the tank 102, a concentration higher (lower) than the target concentration is set as a control target value of the concentration controller 214. The setting of the concentration target value is easily performed because the amount of the processing liquid present in the circulation system and the ratio of the processing liquid supplied by the second supply of the processing liquid are known at the present time point. The arithmetic operation of the control target value may be executed by an arithmetic operation program stored in the control device 4.
The procedure of steps S1 to S8 as described in the flowchart of
When the second supply of the processing liquid is terminated, the concentration of the processing liquid in the circulation system including the tank 102 and the circulation line 104 is measured by the densitometer 212 in the same manner as in the first supply of the processing liquid. When the measured concentration falls within the allowable range with respect to the target concentration, the supply operation of the processing liquid to the tank 102 is completed. Thereafter, a processing of substrates may be performed by supplying the processing liquid to the processing units 16 at any time.
For example, there may be thought a case where the amount of the flushing liquid remaining in the circulation system after flushing is considerably more than expected, and hence, the concentration of the processing liquid in the circulation system measured after the first supply of the processing liquid is drastically lower than the target concentration. In this case, it may be considered that the concentration (the control target value) of the processing liquid supplied in the second supply of the processing liquid is set to be drastically higher, and the concentration of the processing liquid in the circulation system after the second supply of the processing liquid is set to fall within the allowable range with respect to the target concentration.
However, it is undesirable to produce a processing liquid that greatly deviates from the target concentration from the viewpoint of the concentration control precision. Accordingly, an allowable range (an upper limit and a lower limit) of the control target value is set, and the control target value of the concentration controller 214 in the second (also in and after the third) supply of the processing liquid is set within the allowable range. By doing this, even after the second supply of the processing liquid is terminated, the concentration may not fall within the allowable range with respect to the processing liquid present in the circulation system in some cases.
In this case, after the second supply of the processing liquid is completed, the opening/closing valve 118V is opened, a predetermined amount of the processing liquid is discharged from the tank 102 (for example, until the liquid level in the tank 102 reaches the low liquid level L), and then, the third supply of the processing liquid is performed.
After the concentration of the processing liquid in the circulation system after the second supply of the processing liquid is measured, the control target value of the concentration controller 214 is determined for the third supply of the processing liquid in the same manner as in the second supply, and the procedure of steps S1 to S8 described in the flowchart of
In the exemplary embodiment as illustrated in
Preferred exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure were described, but the present disclosure is not limited to the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments.
In the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments, the tank liquid supplementing unit 116 supplies the processing liquid to the tank 102 connected to the processing units 16 through the circulation line 104 (that is, the processing liquid supply target site provided with the processing liquid producing mechanisms 206A, 206B, 208 is the tank 102), but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, as illustrated in
Further, for example, any device that is provided at an upstream side of the position where the densitometer 212 is provided (that is, a device constituting the processing liquid producing mechanism) may be employed as long as a concentration control is performed with a desired precision based on the detection value of the densitometer 212 without being limited to the combination of the constant-pressure valves and the variable throttle valves as illustrated in
Further, for example, in the combination of the constant-pressure valves and the variable throttle valves, flows of the raw material liquids flowing into a mixing unit may be controlled by fixing a setting of the constant-pressure valves (not changing the secondary side pressure) and adjusting the opening degree of the variable throttle valves.
Further, for example, the concentration of the processing liquid may be adjusted by adjusting the flow of the raw material liquid (DIW) in a large amount, instead of adjusting the flow of the raw material liquid (HF) in a small amount.
In the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments, the substrates to be processed in the processing units may be any substrates used in the technical field of manufacturing semiconductor devices, such as, for example, glass substrates for LCD and ceramic substrates.
From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described herein for purposes of illustration, and that various modifications may be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the various embodiments disclosed herein are not intended to be limiting, with the true scope and spirit being indicated by the following claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2013-235304 | Nov 2013 | JP | national |
| 2014-205113 | Oct 2014 | JP | national |
