Patent Application
20230365832
The present disclosure relates to a surface-treating agent and an article having a layer formed of the surface-treating agent.
Certain types of fluoropolyether group-containing silane compounds are known to be capable of providing excellent water-repellency, oil-repellency, antifouling properties, and the like when used in surface treatment of a substrate. A layer obtained from a surface-treating agent containing a fluoropolyether group-containing silane compound (hereinafter, also referred to as a “surface-treating layer”) is applied as a so-called functional thin film to a large variety of substrates such as glass, plastics, fibers, sanitary articles, and building materials (Patent Literature 1).
According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a surface-treating agent capable of providing a surface-treating layer having higher abrasion durability.
The FIGURE shows the results of a stability test in Examples.
The term “monovalent organic group”, as used herein, refers to a monovalent group containing carbon. The monovalent organic group is not limited, and may be a hydrocarbon group or a derivative thereof. The derivative of the hydrocarbon group refers to a group that has one or more of N, O, S, Si, amide, sulfonyl, siloxane, carbonyl, carbonyloxy, and the like at the end or in the molecular chain of the hydrocarbon group. The simple term “organic group” refers to a monovalent organic group. The term “di- to decavalent organic group” means a di- to decavalent group containing a carbon. The di- to decavalent organic group may be, but is not limited to, a di- to decavalent group obtained by further removing 1 to 9 hydrogen atoms from an organic group. The divalent organic group is not limited, and examples thereof include divalent groups obtained by further removing one hydrogen atom from an organic group.
The term “hydrocarbon group”, as used herein, refers to a group that contains carbon and hydrogen and that is obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from a hydrocarbon. The hydrocarbon group is not limited, and examples thereof include a C1-20 hydrocarbon group optionally substituted with one or more substituents, such as an aliphatic hydrocarbon group and an aromatic hydrocarbon group. The above “aliphatic hydrocarbon group” may be either linear, branched, or cyclic, and may be either saturated or unsaturated. The hydrocarbon group may contain one or more ring structures.
Each substituent of the “hydrocarbon group”, as used herein, is not limited, and examples thereof include a halogen atom; and one or more groups selected from a C1-6 alkyl group, a C2-6 alkenyl group, a C2-6 alkynyl group, a C3-10 cycloalkyl group, a C3-10 unsaturated cycloalkyl group, a 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl group, a 5- to 10-membered unsaturated heterocyclyl group, a C6-10 aryl group, and a 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl group, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more halogen atoms.
The term “hydrolyzable group”, as used herein, means a group which can undergo a hydrolysis reaction, namely, means a group which can be removed from a main backbone of the compound by a hydrolysis reaction. Examples of the hydrolyzable group include —ORj, —OCORj, —O—N═CRj2, —NRj2, —NHRj, —NCO, and halogen (in these formulae, Rj represents a substituted or unsubstituted C1-4 alkyl group).
The surface-treating agent of the present disclosure contains a fluoropolyether group-containing silane compound and an amide compound.
The surface-treating agent of the present disclosure can provide a surface-treating layer having improved friction resistance by further containing an amide compound in addition to the fluoropolyether group-containing silane compound.
The fluoropolyether group-containing silane compound is a compound that contains fluorine and can form a surface-treating layer having antifouling properties.
In one embodiment, the fluoropolyether group-containing silane compound is at least one fluoropolyether group-containing silane compound represented by the following formula (1) or (2):
RF1α—XA—RSiβ (1)
RSiγ—XA—RF2—XA—RSiγ (2)
wherein
In the formula (1), RF1 is each independently at each occurrence Rf1—RF—Oq—.
In the formula (2), RF2 is —Rf2p—RF—Oq—.
In the formula, Rf1 is each independently at each occurrence a C1-16 alkyl group optionally substituted with one or more fluorine atoms.
In the C1-16 alkyl group optionally substituted with one or more fluorine atoms, the “C1-16 alkyl group” may be linear or branched, and is preferably a linear or branched C1-6 alkyl group, in particular C1-3 alkyl group, and more preferably a linear C1-6 alkyl group, in particular C1-3 alkyl group.
Rf1 is preferably a C1-16 alkyl group substituted with one or more fluorine atoms, more preferably a CF2H—C1-15 perfluoroalkylene group, still more preferably a C1-16 perfluoroalkyl group.
The C1-16 perfluoroalkyl group may be linear or branched, and is preferably a linear or branched C1-6 perfluoroalkyl group, in particular C1-3 perfluoroalkyl group, more preferably a linear C1-6 perfluoroalkyl group, in particular C1-3 perfluoroalkyl group, and specifically —CF3, —CF2CF3, or —CF2CF2CF3.
In the formula, Rf2 is a C1-6 alkylene group optionally substituted with one or more fluorine atoms.
In the C1-6 alkylene group optionally substituted with one or more fluorine atoms, the “C1-6 alkylene group” may be linear or branched, and is preferably a linear or branched C1-3 alkylene group, and more preferably a linear C1-3 alkylene group.
Rf2 is preferably a C1-6 alkylene group that is substituted with one or more fluorine atoms, more preferably a C1-6 perfluoroalkylene group, and still more preferably a C1-3 perfluoroalkylene group.
The C1-6 perfluoroalkylene group may be linear or branched, and is preferably a linear or branched C1-3 perfluoroalkylene group, more preferably a linear C1-3 perfluoroalkylene group, and specifically —CF2—, —CF2CF2—, or —CF2CF2CF2—.
In the formula, p is 0 or 1. In one embodiment, p is 0. In another embodiment, p is 1.
In the formulae, q is each independently at each occurrence 0 or 1. In one embodiment, q is 0. In another embodiment, q is 1.
In the formulae (1) and (2), RF is each independently at each occurrence a divalent fluoropolyether group.
RF is preferably a group represented by the formula:
—(OC6F12)a—(OC5F10)b—(OC4F8)c—(OC3RFa6)d—(OC2F4)e—(OCF2)f—
wherein
RFa is preferably a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, and more preferably a fluorine atom. However, when all RFa are a hydrogen atom or a chlorine atom, at least one of a, b, c, e, and f is 1 or more.
Preferably, a, b, c, d, e, and f are each independently an integer of 0 to 100.
The sum of a, b, c, d, e, and f is preferably 5 or more, and more preferably 10 or more, and may be, for example, 15 or more or 20 or more. The sum of a, b, c, d, e, and f is preferably 200 or less, more preferably 100 or less, and still more preferably 60 or less, and may be, for example, 50 or less or 30 or less.
These repeating units may be linear or branched. For example, —(OC6F12)— may be —(OCF2CF2CF2CF2CF2CF2)—, —(OCF(CF3) CF2CF2CF2CF2)—, —(OCF2CF(CF3) CF2CF2CF2)—, —(OCF2CF2CF(CF3)CF2CF2)—, —(OCF2CF2CF2CF(CF3)CF2)—, —(OCF2CF2CF2CF2CF(CF3))—, or the like. —(OC5F10)— may be —(OCF2CF2CF2CF2CF2)—, —(OCF(CF3) CF2CF2CF2)—, —(OCF2CF(CF3)CF2CF2)—, —(OCF2CF2CF(CF3)CF2)—, —(OCF2CF2CF2CF(CF3))—, or the like. —(OC4F8)— may be any of —(OCF2CF2CF2CF2)—, —(OCF(CF3) CF2CF2)—, —(OCF2CF(CF3) CF2)—, —(OCF2CF2CF(CF3))—, —(OC(CF3)2CF2)—, —(OCF2C(CF3)2)—, —(OCF(CF3)CF(CF3))—, —(OCF(C2F5)CF2)—, and —(OCF2CF(C2F5))—. —(OC3F6)— (that is, in the formula, RFa is a fluorine atom) may be any of —(OCF2CF2CF2)—, —(OCF(CF3) CF2)—, and —(OCF2CF(CF3))—. —(OC2F4)— may be any of —(OCF2CF2)— and —(OCF(CF3))—.
In one embodiment, the above repeating units are linear. When the repeating units are linear, the surface lubricity, abrasion durability, and the like of the surface-treating layer can be improved.
In one embodiment, the above repeating units are branched. When the above repeating units are branched, the dynamic friction coefficient of the surface-treating layer can be increased.
In one embodiment, RF is each independently at each occurrence a group represented by any of the following formulae (f1) to (f5):
—(OC3F6)d—(OC2F4)e— (f1)
wherein d is an integer of 1 to 200, and e is 0 or 1;
—(OC4F8)c—(OC3F6)d—(OC2F4)e—(OCF2)f— (f2)
wherein c and d are each independently an integer of 0 or more and 30 or less, and e and f are each independently an integer of 1 or more and 200 or less;
—(R6—R7)g— (f3)
wherein R6 is OCF2 or OC2F4;
—(OC6F12)a—(OC5F10)b—(OC4F8)c—(OC3F6)d—(OC2F4)e—(OCF2)f— (f4)
wherein e is an integer of 1 or more and 200 or less, a, b, c, d, and f are each independently an integer of 0 or more and 200 or less, and the occurrence order of the respective repeating units enclosed in parentheses provided with a, b, c, d, e or f is not limited in the formula; and
—(OC6F12)a—(OC5F10)b—(OC4F8)c—(OC3F6)d—(OC2F4)e—(OCF2)f— (f5)
wherein f is an integer of 1 or more and 200 or less, a, b, c, d, and e are each independently an integer of 0 or more and 200 or less, and the occurrence order of the respective repeating units enclosed in parentheses provided with a, b, c, d, e or f is not limited in the formula.
In the formula (f1), d is preferably 5 to 200, more preferably 10 to 100, and still more preferably 15 to 50, and is, for example, an integer of 25 to 35. In one embodiment, e is 1. In another embodiment, e is 0. In the formula (f1), OC3F6 is preferably OCF2CF2CF2, OCF2CF(CF3), or OCF(CF3) CF2, and more preferably OCF2CF2CF2.
In the formula (f2), e and f are each independently an integer of preferably 5 to 200, and more preferably 10 to 200. In addition, the sum of c, d, e, and f is preferably 5 or more, and more preferably 10 or more, and it may be, for example, 15 or more or 20 or more. In one embodiment, the formula (f2) is preferably a group represented by —(OCF2CF2CF2CF2)c—(OCF2CF2CF2)d—(OCF2CF2)e—(OCF2)f—. In another embodiment, the formula (f2) may be a group represented by (OC2F4)e—(OCF2)f—.
In the formula (f3), R6 is preferably OC2F4. In the formula (f3), R7 is preferably a group selected from OC2F4, OC3F6, and OC4Fe, or a combination of two or three groups independently selected from these groups, and is more preferably a group selected from OC3F6 and OC4Fe. Examples of the combination of two or three groups independently selected from OC2F4, OC3F6, and OC4Fe are not limited, but include —OC2F4OC3F6—, —OC2F4OC4F8—, —OC3F6OC2F4—, —OC3F60C3F6—, —OC3F6OC4F8—, —OC4F8OC4F8—, —OC4F8OC3F6—, —OC4F8OC2F4—, —OC2F4OC2F4OC3F6—, —OC2F4OC2F4OC4F8—, —OC2F4OC3F6OC2F4—, —OC2F4OC3F6OC3F6—, —OC2F4OC4F8OC2F4—, —OC3F6OC2F4OC2F4—, —OC3F6OC2F4OC3F6—, —OC3F6OC3F6OC2F4—, and —OC4F8OC2F4OC2F4—. In the formula (f3), g is an integer of preferably 3 or more, and more preferably 5 or more. g is preferably an integer of 50 or less. In the formula (f3), OC2F4, OC3F6, OC4Fe, OC5F10, and OC6F12 may be either linear or branched, and they are preferably linear. In this embodiment, the formula (f3) is preferably —(OC2F4—OC3F6)g— or —(OC2F4—OC4F8)g—.
In the formula (f4), e is an integer of preferably 1 or more and 100 or less, and more preferably 5 or more and 100 or less. The sum of a, b, c, d, e, and f is preferably 5 or more, and more preferably 10 or more, and is, for example, 10 or more and 100 or less.
In the formula (f5), f is an integer of preferably 1 or more and 100 or less, and more preferably 5 or more and 100 or less. The sum of a, b, c, d, e, and f is preferably 5 or more, and more preferably 10 or more, and is, for example, 10 or more and 100 or less.
In one embodiment, RF is a group represented by the formula (f1).
In one embodiment, RF is a group represented by the formula (f2).
In one embodiment, RF is a group represented by the formula (f3).
In one embodiment, RF is a group represented by the formula (f4).
In one embodiment, RF is a group represented by the formula (f5).
In RF, the ratio of e to f (hereinafter, referred to as an “e/f ratio”) is 0.1 to 10, preferably 0.2 to 5, more preferably 0.2 to 2, still more preferably 0.2 to 1.5, and further preferably 0.2 to 0.85. With an e/f ratio of 10 or less, the lubricity, abrasion durability, and chemical resistance (such as durability against artificial sweat) of a surface-treating layer obtained from the compound are further improved. The lower the e/f ratio is, the more improved the lubricity and the abrasion durability of the surface-treating layer are. On the other hand, with an e/f ratio of 0.1 or more, the stability of the compound can be further enhanced. The larger the e/f ratio is, the more improved the stability of the compound is.
In one embodiment, the e/f ratio is preferably 0.2 to 0.95, and more preferably 0.2 to 0.9.
In one embodiment, from the viewpoint of heat resistance, the e/f ratio is preferably 1.0 or more, and more preferably 1.0 to 2.0.
In the fluoropolyether group-containing silane compound, the number average molecular weight of the RF1 and RF2 moieties is not limited, and is, for example, 500 to 30,000, preferably 1,500 to 30,000, and more preferably 2,000 to 10,000. Herein, the number average molecular weight of RF1 and RF2 is defined as a value obtained by 19F-NMR measurement.
In another embodiment, the number average molecular weight of the RF1 and RF2 moieties is 500 to 30,000, preferably 1,000 to 20,000, more preferably 2,000 to 15,000, and still more preferably 2,000 to 10,000, and may be, for example, 3,000 to 6,000.
In another embodiment, the number average molecular weight of the RF1 and RF2 moieties may be 4,000 to 30,000, preferably 5,000 to 10,000, and more preferably 6,000 to 10,000.
In the formulae (1) and (2), RSi is each independently at each occurrence a monovalent group containing a Si atom to which a hydroxyl group, a hydrolyzable group, a hydrogen atom, or a monovalent organic group is bonded, and at least one RSi is a monovalent group containing a Si atom to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded.
Here, the term “hydrolyzable group” means a group which can undergo a hydrolysis reaction, namely, means a group which can be removed from a main backbone of the compound by a hydrolysis reaction. Examples of the hydrolyzable group include —ORj, —OCORj, —O—N═CRj2, —NRj2, —NHRj, —NCO, and halogen (in these formulae, Rj represents a substituted or unsubstituted C1-4 alkyl group).
In a preferred embodiment, RSi is a monovalent group containing a Si atom to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded.
In a preferred embodiment, RSi is a group represented by the following formula (S1), (S2), (S3), or (S4):
In the above formula, R11 is each independently at each occurrence a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group.
Preferably, R11 is each independently at each occurrence a hydrolyzable group.
R11 is each independently at each occurrence preferably —ORj, —OCORj, —O—N═CRj2, —NRj2, —NHRj, —NCO, or a halogen (wherein Rj represents a substituted or unsubstituted C1-4 alkyl group), more preferably —ORj (i.e. alkoxy group). Examples of Rj include unsubstituted alkyl groups such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a n-butyl group, and an isobutyl group; and substituted alkyl groups such as a chloromethyl group. Of them, an alkyl group, particularly an unsubstituted alkyl group, is preferable, and a methyl group or an ethyl group is more preferable. In one embodiment, Rj is a methyl group, and in another embodiment, Rj is an ethyl group.
In the formula, R12 is each independently at each occurrence a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group. Such a monovalent organic group is a monovalent organic group excluding the above hydrolyzable group.
In R12, the monovalent organic group is preferably a C1-20 alkyl group, more preferably a C1-6 alkyl group, and still more preferably a methyl group.
In the formula, n1 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3 for each (SiR11R123-n1) unit. However, in a case where RSi is a group represented by the formula (S1) or (S2), at least one (SiR11R123-n1) unit in which n1 is 1 to 3 is present in the end RSi moieties of the formula (1) and the formula (2) (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “ends” of the formula (1) and the formula (2)). That is, in such ends, not all n1 are 0 at the same time. In other words, in the ends of the formula (1) and the formula (2), at least one Si atom to which the hydroxyl group or the hydrolyzable group is bonded is present.
n1 is each independently an integer of preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 2 to 3, still more preferably 3 for each (SiR11n1R123-n1) unit.
In the formula, X11 is each independently at each occurrence a single bond or a divalent organic group. Such a divalent organic group is preferably —R28—Ox—R29—, wherein R28 and R29 are each independently at each occurrence a single bond or a C1-20 alkylene group, and x is 0 or 1. Such a C1-20 alkylene group may be linear or branched, but is preferably linear. Such a C1-20 alkylene group is preferably a C1-10 alkylene group, more preferably a C1-6 alkylene group, and still more preferably a C1-3 alkylene group.
In one embodiment, X11 is each independently at each occurrence —C1-6 alkylene-O—C1-6 alkylene- or —O—C1-6 alkylene-.
In a preferable embodiment, X11 is each independently at each occurrence a single bond or a linear C1-6 alkylene group, preferably a single bond or a linear C1-3 alkylene group, more preferably a single bond or a linear C1-2 alkylene group, and still more preferably a linear C1-2 alkylene group.
In the formula, R13 is each independently at each occurrence a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
Such a monovalent organic group is preferably a C1-20 alkyl group. Such a C1-20 alkyl group may be linear or branched, but is preferably linear.
In a preferred embodiment, R13 is each independently at each occurrence a hydrogen atom or a linear C1-6 alkyl group, preferably a hydrogen atom or a linear C1-3 alkyl group, preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
In the above formula, t is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 2 or more.
In a preferable embodiment, t is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 2 to 10, preferably an integer of 2 to 6.
In the formula, R14 is each independently at each occurrence a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or —X11—SiR11n1R123-n1. Such a halogen atom is preferably an iodine atom, a chlorine atom, or a fluorine atom, and more preferably a fluorine atom. In a preferred embodiment, R14 is a hydrogen atom.
In one embodiment, the formula (S1) is the following formula (S1-a):
wherein
In a preferred embodiment, the formula (S1) is the following formula (S1-b):
wherein R11, R12, R13, X11, n1, and t have the same definition as described for the formula (S1).
In the formula, Rai is each independently at each occurrence —Z1—SiR21p1R22q1R23r1.
Z1 is each independently at each occurrence an oxygen atom or a divalent organic group. The structure denoted as Z1 hereinafter is bonded to (SiR21p1R22q1R23r1) on the right side.
In a preferred embodiment, Z1 is a divalent organic group.
In a preferred embodiment, Z1 does not include a group that forms a siloxane bond with a Si atom to which Z1 is bonded. Preferably, in the formula (S3), (Si—Z1—Si) does not contain a siloxane bond.
Z1 is preferably a C1-6 alkylene group, —(CH2)z1—O—(CH2)z2— (wherein z1 is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z2 is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6) or, —(CH2)z3-phenylene-(CH2)z4— (wherein z3 is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z4 is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6). Such a C1-6 alkylene group may be linear or branched, and is preferably linear. These groups may be substituted with, for example, one or more substituents selected from a fluorine atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, a C2-6 alkenyl group, and a C2-6 alkynyl group, but are preferably unsubstituted.
In a preferred embodiment, Z1 is a C1-6 alkylene group or —(CH2) z3-phenylene-(CH2)z4—, and preferably -phenylene-(CH2)z4—. When Z1 is such a group, light resistance, in particular ultraviolet resistance, can be further enhanced.
In another preferred embodiment, Z1 is a C1-3 alkylene group. In one embodiment, Z1 may be —CH2CH2CH2—. In another embodiment, Z1 may be —CH2CH2—.
R21 is each independently at each occurrence —Z1—SiR21′p1,R22′q1,R23′r1.
Z1″ is each independently at each occurrence an oxygen atom or a divalent organic group. The structure denoted as Z1″ hereinafter is bonded to (SiR21′p1′R22′q1′R23′r1′) on the right side.
In a preferred embodiment, Z1″ is a divalent organic group.
In a preferred embodiment, Z1″ does not include a group that forms a siloxane bond with a Si atom to which Z1″ is bonded. Preferably, in the formula (S3), (Si—Z1″—Si) does not contain a siloxane bond.
Z1″ is preferably a C1-6 alkylene group, —(CH2)z1′—O—(CH2)z2′— (wherein z1′ is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z2′ is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6), or —(CH2)z3′-phenylene-(CH2)z4′— (wherein z3′ is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6, z4′ is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6). Such a C1-6 alkylene group may be linear or branched, and is preferably linear. These groups may be substituted with, for example, one or more substituents selected from a fluorine atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, a C2-6 alkenyl group, and a C2-6 alkynyl group, but are preferably unsubstituted.
In a preferred embodiment, Z1″ is a C1-6 alkylene group or —(CH2)z3′-phenylene-(CH2)z4′—, preferably -phenylene-(CH2)z4′—. When Z″ is such a group, light resistance, in particular ultraviolet resistance, can be further enhanced.
In another preferred embodiment, Z1″ is a C1-3 alkylene group. In one embodiment, Z1″ may be —CH2CH2CH2—. In another embodiment, Z″ may be —CH2CH2—.
R21′ is each independently at each occurrence —Z1″—SiR22″q1″R23″r1″.
Z1″ is each independently at each occurrence an oxygen atom or a divalent organic group. The structure denoted as Z1″ hereinafter is bonded to (SiR22″q1″R23″r1″) on the right side.
In a preferred embodiment, Z1″ is a divalent organic group.
In a preferred embodiment, Z1″ does not include a group that forms a siloxane bond with a Si atom to which Z1″ is bonded. Preferably, in the formula (S3), (Si—Z1″—Si) does not contain a siloxane bond.
Z1″ is preferably a C1-6 alkylene group, —(CH2)z1″—O—(CH2)z2″— (wherein z1″ is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z2″ is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6), or —(CH2)z3″— phenylene-(CH2)z4″— (wherein z3″ is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, 1 to 6, z4″ is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6). Such a C1-6 alkylene group may be linear or branched, and is preferably linear. These groups may be substituted with, for example, one or more substituents selected from a fluorine atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, a C2-6 alkenyl group, and a C2-6 alkynyl group, but are preferably unsubstituted.
In a preferred embodiment, Z1″ is a C1-6 alkylene group or —(CH2)z3″— phenylene-(CH2)z4″—, preferably -phenylene-(CH2)z4″—. When Z1″ is such a group, light resistance, in particular ultraviolet resistance, can be further enhanced.
In another preferred embodiment, Z1″ is a C1-3 alkylene group. In one embodiment, Z1″ may be —CH2CH2CH2—. In another embodiment, Z1″ may be —CH2CH2—.
R22″ is each independently at each occurrence a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group.
Preferably, R22″ is each independently at each occurrence a hydrolyzable group.
R22″ is each independently at each occurrence preferably —ORj, —OCORj, —O—N═CRj2, —NRj2, —NHRj, —NCO, or a halogen (wherein Rj represents a substituted or unsubstituted C1-4 alkyl group), more preferably —ORj(i.e. alkoxy group). Examples of Rj include unsubstituted alkyl groups such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a n-butyl group, and an isobutyl group; and substituted alkyl groups such as a chloromethyl group. Of them, an alkyl group, particularly an unsubstituted alkyl group, is preferable, and a methyl group or an ethyl group is more preferable. In one embodiment, Rj is a methyl group, and in another embodiment, Rj is an ethyl group.
R23″ is each independently at each occurrence a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group. Such a monovalent organic group is a monovalent organic group excluding the above hydrolyzable group.
In R23″, the monovalent organic group is preferably a C1-20 alkyl group, more preferably a C1-6 alkyl group, still more preferably a methyl group.
q1″ is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3, and r1″ is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3. The sum of q1″ and r1″ is 3 in the (SiR22″q1″R23″r1″) unit.
q1″ is each independently an integer of preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 2 to 3, still more preferably 3 for each (SiR22″g1″R23″r1″) unit.
R22′ is each independently at each occurrence a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group.
Preferably, R22′ is each independently at each occurrence a hydrolyzable group.
R22′ is each independently at each occurrence preferably —ORj, —OCORj, —O—N═CRj2, —NRj2, —NHRj, —NCO, or a halogen (wherein Rj represents a substituted or unsubstituted C1-4 alkyl group), more preferably —ORj(i.e. alkoxy group). Examples of Rj include unsubstituted alkyl groups such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a n-butyl group, and an isobutyl group; and substituted alkyl groups such as a chloromethyl group. Of them, an alkyl group, particularly an unsubstituted alkyl group, is preferable, and a methyl group or an ethyl group is more preferable. In one embodiment, Rj is a methyl group, and in another embodiment, Rj is an ethyl group.
R23′ is each independently at each occurrence a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group. Such a monovalent organic group is a monovalent organic group excluding the above hydrolyzable group.
In R23′, the monovalent organic group is preferably a C1-20 alkyl group, more preferably a C1-6 alkyl group, still more preferably a methyl group.
p1′ is each independently at each occurrence an integer 0 to 3, q1′ is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3, and r1′ is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3. The sum of p′, q1′, and r1′ is 3 in the (SiR21′p1′R22′q1′R23′r1′) unit.
In one embodiment, p1′ is 0.
In one embodiment, p1′ may be each independently an integer of 1 to 3, an integer of 2 to 3, or 3 for each (SiR21′p1′R22′q1′R23′r1′) unit. In a preferred embodiment, p1′ is 3.
In one embodiment, q1′ is each independently an integer of 1 to 3, preferably an integer of 2 to 3, more preferably 3 for each (SiR21′p1′R22′q1′R23′r1′) unit.
In one embodiment, p1′ is 0, and q1′ is each independently an integer of 1 to 3, preferably an integer of 2 to 3, more preferably 3 for each (SiR21′p1′R22′q1′R23′r1′) unit.
R22 is each independently at each occurrence a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group.
Preferably, R22 is each independently at each occurrence a hydrolyzable group.
R22 is each independently at each occurrence preferably —ORj, —OCORj, —O—N═CRj2, —NRj2, —NHRj, —NCO, or a halogen (wherein Rj represents a substituted or unsubstituted C1-4 alkyl group), more preferably —ORj(i.e. alkoxy group). Examples of Rj include unsubstituted alkyl groups such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a n-butyl group, and an isobutyl group; and substituted alkyl groups such as a chloromethyl group. Of them, an alkyl group, particularly an unsubstituted alkyl group, is preferable, and a methyl group or an ethyl group is more preferable. In one embodiment, Rj is a methyl group, and in another embodiment, Rj is an ethyl group.
R23 is each independently at each occurrence a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group. Such a monovalent organic group is a monovalent organic group excluding the above hydrolyzable group.
In R23, the monovalent organic group is preferably a C1-20 alkyl group, more preferably a C1-6 alkyl group, and still more preferably a methyl group.
p1 is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3, q1 is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3, and r1 is each independently at each occurrence 0 to 3. The sum of p1, q1, and r1 is 3 in the (SiR21p1R22q1R23r1) unit.
In one embodiment, p1 is 0.
In one embodiment, p1 may be each independently an integer of 1 to 3, an integer of 2 to 3, or 3 for each (SiR21p1R22q1R23r1) unit. In a preferred embodiment, p1 is 3.
In one embodiment, q1 is each independently an integer of 1 to 3, preferably an integer of 2 to 3, more preferably 3 for each (SiR21p1R22q1R23r1) unit.
In one embodiment, p1 is 0, and q1 is each independently an integer of 1 to 3, preferably an integer of 2 to 3, still more preferably 3 for each (SiR21p1R22q1R23r1) unit.
In the formula, Rb1 is each independently at each occurrence a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group.
Preferably, Rb1 is each independently at each occurrence a hydrolyzable group.
Rb1 is each independently at each occurrence preferably —ORj, —OCORj, —O—N═CRj2, —NRj2, —NHRj, —NCO, or a halogen (wherein Rj represents a substituted or unsubstituted C1-4 alkyl group), more preferably —ORj(i.e. alkoxy group). Examples of Rj include unsubstituted alkyl groups such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a n-butyl group, and an isobutyl group; and substituted alkyl groups such as a chloromethyl group. Of them, an alkyl group, particularly an unsubstituted alkyl group, is preferable, and a methyl group or an ethyl group is more preferable. In one embodiment, Rj is a methyl group, and in another embodiment, Rj is an ethyl group.
In the formula, Rc1 is each independently at each occurrence a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
Such a monovalent organic group is a monovalent organic group excluding the above hydrolyzable group.
In Rc1, the monovalent organic group is preferably a C1-20 alkyl group, more preferably a C1-6 alkyl group, still more preferably a methyl group.
k1 is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3, l1 is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3, and m1 is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3. The sum of k1, l1, and m1 is 3 in the (SiRa1k1Rb1l1Rc1m1) unit.
In one embodiment, k1 is each independently an integer of 1 to 3, preferably an integer of 2 or 3, more preferably 3 for each (SiRa1k1Rb1l1Rc1m1) unit. In a preferred embodiment, k1 is 3.
In the formulae (1) and (2), when RSi is a group represented by the formula (S3), preferably, at least two Si atoms to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded are present in the ends of the formulae (1) and (2).
In a preferred embodiment, the group represented by the formula (S3) has one of —Z1—SiR22q1R23r1 (wherein q1 is an integer of 1 to 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3, and r1 is an integer of 0 to 2), —Z1″—SiR22′q1′R23′r1′ (wherein q1′ is an integer of 1 to 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3, and r1′ is an integer of 0 to 2), and —Z1″—SiR22″g1″—R23″r1″ (wherein q1″ is an integer of 1 to 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3, and r1″ is an integer of 0 to 2). Z1, Z1′, Z1″, R22, R23, R22′, R23′, R22″, and R23″ have the same definition as above.
In a preferred embodiment, when R21′ is present in the formula (S3), q1″ is an integer of 1 to 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3 in at least one, preferably all of R21′ groups.
In a preferred embodiment, when R21 is present in the formula (S3), p1′ is 0, and q1′ is an integer of 1 to 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3 in at least one, preferably all of R21 groups.
In a preferred embodiment, when Ra1 is present in the formula (S3), p1 is 0, and q1 is an integer of 1 to 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3 in at least one, preferably all of Ra1 groups.
In a preferred embodiment, in the formula (S3), k1 is 2 or 3, preferably 3, p1 is 0, q1 is 2 or 3, preferably 3.
Rd1 is each independently at each occurrence —Z2—CR31p2R32q2R33r2.
Z2 is each independently at each occurrence a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group. The structure denoted as Z2 hereinafter is bonded to (CR31p2R32q2R33r2) on the right side.
In a preferred embodiment, Z2 is a divalent organic group.
Z2 is preferably a C1-6 alkylene group, —(CH2)z5—O— (CH2)z6— (wherein z5 is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z6 is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6), or —(CH2)z7-phenylene-(CH2)z8— (wherein z7 is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z8 is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6). Such a C1-6 alkylene group may be linear or branched, and is preferably linear. These groups may be substituted with, for example, one or more substituents selected from a fluorine atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, a C2-6 alkenyl group, and a C2-6 alkynyl group, but are preferably unsubstituted.
In a preferred embodiment, Z2 is a C1-6 alkylene group or —(CH2)z7-phenylene-(CH2)z8—, preferably -phenylene-(CH2)z8—. When Z2 is such a group, light resistance, in particular ultraviolet resistance, can be further enhanced.
In another preferred embodiment, Z2 is a C1-3 alkylene group. In one embodiment, Z2 may be —CH2CH2CH2—. In another embodiment, Z2 may be —CH2CH2—.
R31 is each independently at each occurrence —Z2′—CR32′q2′R33′r2′.
Z2′ is each independently at each occurrence a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group. The structure denoted as Z2′ hereinafter is bonded to (CR32′q2′R33′r2′) on the right side.
Z2′ is preferably a C1-6 alkylene group, —(CH2)z5′—O—(CH2)z6′— (wherein z5′ is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z6′ is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6), or —(CH2)z7′-phenylene-(CH2)z6′— (wherein z7′ is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z8′ is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6). Such a C1-6 alkylene group may be linear or branched, and is preferably linear. These groups may be substituted with, for example, one or more substituents selected from a fluorine atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, a C2-6 alkenyl group, and a C2-6 alkynyl group, but are preferably unsubstituted.
In a preferred embodiment, Z2′ is a C1-6 alkylene group or —(CH2)z7′-phenylene-(CH2)z8′—, preferably -phenylene-(CH2)z8′—. When Z2′ is such a group, light resistance, in particular ultraviolet resistance, can be further enhanced.
In another preferred embodiment, Z2′ is a C1-3 alkylene group. In one embodiment, Z2′ may be —CH2CH2CH2—. In another embodiment, Z2′ may be —CH2CH2—.
R32′ is each independently at each occurrence —Z3—SiR34n2R353-n2.
Z3 is each independently at each occurrence a single bond, an oxygen atom or a divalent organic group. The structure denoted as Z3 hereinafter is bonded to (SiR34n2R353-n2) on the right side.
In one embodiment, Z3 is an oxygen atom.
In one embodiment, Z3 is a divalent organic group.
Z3 is preferably a C1-6 alkylene group, —(CH2)z5″—O—(CH2)z6″— (wherein z5″ is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z6″ is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6), or —(CH2)z7″— phenylene-(CH2)z8″— (wherein z7″ is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z8″ is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6). Such a C1-6 alkylene group may be linear or branched, and is preferably linear. These groups may be substituted with, for example, one or more substituents selected from a fluorine atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, a C2-6 alkenyl group, and a C2-6 alkynyl group, but are preferably unsubstituted.
In a preferred embodiment, Z3 is a C1-6 alkylene group or —(CH2)z7″— phenylene-(CH2)z8″—, preferably -phenylene-(CH2)z8″—. When Z3 is such a group, light resistance, in particular ultraviolet resistance, can be further enhanced.
In another preferred embodiment, Z3 is a C1-3 alkylene group. In one embodiment, Z3 may be —CH2CH2CH2—. In another embodiment, Z3 may be —CH2CH2—.
R34 is each independently at each occurrence a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group.
Preferably, R34 is each independently at each occurrence a hydrolyzable group.
R34 is each independently at each occurrence preferably —ORj, —OCORj, —O—N═CRj2, —NRj2, —NHRj, —NCO, or a halogen (wherein Rj represents a substituted or unsubstituted C1-4 alkyl group), more preferably —ORj(i.e. alkoxy group). Examples of Rj include unsubstituted alkyl groups such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a n-butyl group, and an isobutyl group; and substituted alkyl groups such as a chloromethyl group. Of them, an alkyl group, particularly an unsubstituted alkyl group, is preferable, and a methyl group or an ethyl group is more preferable. In one embodiment, Rj is a methyl group, and in another embodiment, Rj is an ethyl group.
R35 is each independently at each occurrence a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group. Such a monovalent organic group is a monovalent organic group excluding the above hydrolyzable group.
In R35, the monovalent organic group is preferably a C1-20 alkyl group, more preferably a C1-6 alkyl group, still more preferably a methyl group.
In the formula, n2 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3 for each (SiR34n2R353-n2) unit. However, in a case where RSi is a group represented by the formula (S4), at least one (SiR34n2R353-n2) unit with n2 of 1 to 3 is present in the ends of the formula (1) and the formula (2). That is, in such ends, not all n2 are 0 at the same time. In other words, in the ends of the formula (1) and the formula (2), at least one Si atom to which the hydroxyl group or the hydrolyzable group is bonded is present.
n2 is each independently an integer of preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 2 to 3, still more preferably 3 for each (SiR34n2R353-n2) unit.
R33′ is each independently at each occurrence a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group. Such a monovalent organic group is a monovalent organic group excluding the above hydrolyzable group.
In R33′, the monovalent organic group is preferably a C1-20 alkyl group or —(CsH2s)t1—(O—CsH2s)t2 (wherein s is an integer of 1 to 6, preferably an integer of 2 to 4, t1 is 1 or 0, preferably 0, and t2 is an integer of 1 to 20, preferably an integer of 2 to 10, more preferably an integer of 2 to 6), more preferably a C1-20 alkyl group, more preferably a C1-6 alkyl group, particularly preferably a methyl group.
In one embodiment, R33′ is a hydroxyl group.
In another embodiment, the monovalent organic group as R33′ is preferably a C1-20 alkyl group, more preferably a C1-6 alkyl group.
q2′ is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3, and r2′ is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3. The sum of q2′ and r2′ is 3 in the (CR32′q2′R33′r2′) unit.
q2′ is each independently an integer of preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 2 to 3, still more preferably 3 for each (CR32′q2′R33′r2′) unit.
R32 is each independently at each occurrence —Z3—SiR34n2R353-n2. Such —Z3—SiR34n2R353-n2 has the same definition as described in the above R32′.
R33 is each independently at each occurrence a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group. Such a monovalent organic group is a monovalent organic group excluding the above hydrolyzable group.
In R33, the monovalent organic group is preferably a C1-20 alkyl group or —(CsH2s)t1—(O—CsH2s)t2 (wherein s is an integer of 1 to 6, preferably an integer of 2 to 4, t1 is 1 or 0, preferably 0, and t2 is an integer of 1 to 20, preferably an integer of 2 to 10, more preferably an integer of 2 to 6), more preferably a C1-20 alkyl group, more preferably a C1-6 alkyl group, particularly preferably a methyl group.
In one embodiment, R33 is a hydroxyl group.
In another embodiment, the monovalent organic group as R33 is preferably a C1-20 alkyl group, more preferably a C1-6 alkyl group.
p2 is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3, q2 is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3, and r2 is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3. The sum of p2, q2, and r2 is 3 in the (CR31p2R32q2R33r2) unit.
In one embodiment, p2 is 0.
In one embodiment, p2 may be each independently an integer of 1 to 3, an integer of 2 to 3, or 3 for each (CR31p2R32q2R33r2) unit. In a preferred embodiment, p2 is 3.
In one embodiment, q2 is each independently an integer of 1 to 3, preferably an integer of 2 to 3, more preferably 3 for each (CR31p2R32q2R33r2) unit.
In one embodiment, p2 is 0, and q2 is each independently an integer of 1 to 3, preferably an integer of 2 to 3, still more preferably 3 for each (CR31p2R32q2R33r2) unit.
Re1 is each independently at each occurrence —Z3—SiR34n2R353-n2. Such —Z3—SiR34n2R353-n2 has the same definition as described in the above R32′.
Rf1 is each independently at each occurrence a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group. Such a monovalent organic group is a monovalent organic group excluding the above hydrolyzable group.
In Rf1, the monovalent organic group is preferably a C1-20 alkyl group or —(CsH2s)t1—(O—CsH2s)t2 (wherein s is an integer of 1 to 6, preferably an integer of 2 to 4, t1 is 1 or 0, preferably 0, and t2 is an integer of 1 to 20, preferably an integer of 2 to 10, more preferably an integer of 2 to 6), more preferably a C1-20 alkyl group, more preferably a C1-6 alkyl group, particularly preferably a methyl group.
In one embodiment, Rf1 is a hydroxyl group.
In another embodiment, the monovalent organic group as Rf1 is preferably a C1-20 alkyl group, more preferably a C1-6 alkyl group.
k2 is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3, l2 is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3, and m2 is each independently at each occurrence 0 to 3. The sum of k2, l2, and m2 is 3 in the (CRd1k2Re1l2Rf1m2) unit.
In the formulae (1) and (2), when RSi is a group represented by the formula (S4), preferably, at least two Si atoms to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded are present in the ends of the formulae (1) and (2).
In one embodiment, when RSi is a group represented by the formula (S4), two or more, for example, 2 to 27, preferably 2 to 9, more preferably 2 to 6, further preferably 2 to 3, particularly preferably 3 (SiR34n2R353-n2) units in which n2 is 1 to 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3 are present in each end of the formula (1) and the formula (2).
In a preferred embodiment, when R32′ is present in the formula (S4), n2 is an integer of 1 to 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3 in at least one, preferably all of R32′ groups.
In a preferred embodiment, when R32 is present in the formula (S4), n2 is an integer of 1 to 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3 in at least one, preferably all of R32 groups.
In a preferred embodiment, when Re1 is present in the formula (S4), n2 is an integer of 1 to 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3 in at least one, preferably all of Ra1 groups.
In a preferred embodiment, in the formula (S4), k2 is 0, l2 is 2 or 3, preferably 3, and n2 is 2 or 3, preferably 3.
Rg1 and Rh1 are each independently at each occurrence —Z4—SiR11n1R123-n1, —Z4—SiRa1k1Rb1l1Rc1m1, or —Z4—CRd1k2Re1l2Rf1m2. Here, R11, R12, Ra1, Rb2, Rc1, Rd1, Re1, Rf1, n1, k1, l1, m1, k2, l2, and m2 have the same definition as above.
Rg1 and Rh1 are each independently at each occurrence —Z4—SiR11n1R123-n1.
Z4 is each independently at each occurrence a single bond, an oxygen atom or a divalent organic group. The structure denoted as Z4 hereinafter is bonded to (SiR11n1R123-n1) on the right side.
In one embodiment, Z4 is an oxygen atom.
In one embodiment, Z4 is a divalent organic group.
Z4 is preferably a C1-6 alkylene group, —(CH2)z5″—O—(CH2)z6″— (wherein z5″ is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z6″ is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6), or —(CH2)z7″— phenylene-(CH2)z8″— (wherein z7″ is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6, and z8″ is an integer of 0 to 6; for example, an integer of 1 to 6). Such a C1-6 alkylene group may be linear or branched, and is preferably linear. These groups may be substituted with, for example, one or more substituents selected from a fluorine atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, a C2-6 alkenyl group, and a C2-6 alkynyl group, but are preferably unsubstituted.
In a preferred embodiment, Z4 is a C1-6 alkylene group or —(CH2)z7″-phenylene-(CH2)z8″—, preferably -phenylene-(CH2)z8″—. When Z3 is such a group, light resistance, in particular ultraviolet resistance, can be further enhanced.
In another preferred embodiment, Z4 is a C1-3 alkylene group. In one embodiment, Z4 may be —CH2CH2CH2—. In another embodiment, Z4 may be —CH2CH2—.
In one embodiment, RSi is a group represented by the formula (S2), (S3), (S4), or (S5). These compounds are capable of forming a surface-treating layer having high surface lubricity.
In one embodiment, RSi is a group represented by the formula (S1), (S3), (S4), or (S5). These compounds have a plurality of hydrolyzable groups at one end, and are therefore capable of forming a surface-treating layer which firmly adheres to a substrate and has high abrasion durability.
In one embodiment, RSi is a group represented by the formula (S1), (S3) or (S4). These compounds have a plurality of hydrolyzable groups at one end, and are therefore capable of forming a surface-treating layer which firmly adheres to a substrate and has high abrasion durability.
In one embodiment, RSi is a group represented by the formula (S3) or (S4). These compounds can have a plurality of hydrolyzable groups branched from one Si atom or C atom at one end, and are therefore capable of forming a surface-treating layer having higher abrasion durability.
In one embodiment, RSi is a group represented by the formula (S1).
In one embodiment, RSi is a group represented by the formula (S2).
In one embodiment, RSi is a group represented by the formula (S3).
In one embodiment, RSi is a group represented by the formula (S4).
In one embodiment, RSi is a group represented by the formula (S5).
In the formulae (1) and (2), XA is interpreted as a linker connecting fluoropolyether moieties (RF1 and RF2), which mainly provide water-repellency, surface lubricity and the like, to a moiety (RSi) providing a binding ability to a substrate. Accordingly, XA may be a single bond or any group as long as the compound represented by the formula (I) or (2) can stably exist.
In the formula (1), α is an integer of 1 to 9, and β is an integer of 1 to 9. These α and β may vary depending on the valence of XA. The sum of α and β is the same as the valence of XA. For example, when XA is a decavalent organic group, the sum of α and β is 10; for example, a case where α is 9 and β is 1, and α is 5 and β is 5, or a is 1 and B is 9, can be considered. When XA is a divalent organic group, α and β each are 1.
In the formula (2), γ is an integer of 1 to 9. γ may vary according to the valence of XA. That is, γ is a value obtained by subtracting 1 from the valence of XA.
XA is each independently a single bond or a di- to decavalent organic group.
In one embodiment, XA does not contain a siloxane bond (—Si—O—Si—).
The di- to decavalent organic group in XA is preferably a di- to octavalent organic group. In one embodiment, the di- to decavalent organic group is preferably a di- to tetravalent organic group, and more preferably a divalent organic group. In another embodiment, the di- to decavalent organic group is preferably a tri- to octavalent organic group, and more preferably a tri- to hexavalent organic group.
In one embodiment, XA is a single bond or a divalent organic group, α is 1, and β is 1.
In one embodiment, XA is a single bond or a divalent organic group, γ is 1.
In one embodiment, XA is a tri- to hexavalent organic group, α is 1, and β is 2 to 5.
In one embodiment, XA is a tri- to hexavalent organic group, and γ is 2 to 5.
In one embodiment, XA is a trivalent organic group, α is 1, and β is 2.
In one embodiment, XA is a trivalent organic group, and γ is 2.
When XA is a single bond or a divalent organic group, the formulae (1) and (2) are represented by the following formulae (1′) and (2′).
RF1α—XA—RSiβ (1)
RSiγ—XA—RF2—XA—RSiγ (2)
In one embodiment, XA is a single bond.
In another embodiment, XA is a divalent organic group.
In one embodiment, examples of XA include a single bond or a divalent organic group represented by the following formula:
(R51)p5—(X51)q5—
wherein
Here, XA (typically a hydrogen atom of XA) may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from a fluorine atom, a C1-3 alkyl group and a C1-3 fluoroalkyl group. In a preferred embodiment, XA is not substituted with any of these groups.
In a preferred embodiment, XA is each independently —(R51)p5—(X51)q5—R52—. R52 represents a single bond, —(CH2)t5— or o-, m- or a p-phenylene group, and is preferably —(CH2)t5—. t5 is an integer of 1 to 20, preferably an integer of 2 to 6, and more preferably an integer of 2 to 3. Here, R52 (typically a hydrogen atom of R52) may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from a fluorine atom, a C1-3 alkyl group and a C1-3 fluoroalkyl group. In a preferred embodiment, R56 is not substituted with these groups.
Preferably, XA may each independently be
More preferably, XA is each independently
More preferably, XA may be each independently
In a preferred embodiment, XA may each independently be
In a preferred embodiment, XA may each independently be
In one embodiment, XA may each independently be
In the formula, —(CvH2v)— may be linear or branched and may be, for example, —CH2CH2—, —CH2CH2CH2—, —CH(CH3)—, or —CH(CH3)CH2—.
XA may be each independently substituted with one or more substituents selected from a fluorine atom, a C1-3 alkyl group and a C1-3 fluoroalkyl group (preferably a C1-3 perfluoroalkyl group). In one embodiment, XA is unsubstituted.
XA is bonded to RF1 or RF2 on the left side, and bonded to RSi on the right side.
In one embodiment, XA may each independently be a group other than an —O—C1-6 alkylene group.
In another embodiment, examples of the XA group include the following groups:
wherein R41 is each independently a hydrogen atom, a phenyl group, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a C1-6 alkoxy group, and preferably a methyl group;
D is a group selected from
wherein R42 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, or a C1-6 alkoxy group, preferably a methyl group or a methoxy group, and more preferably a methyl group;
Specific examples of XA include
In still another embodiment, XA is each independently a group represented by formula: —(R16)x1—(CFR17)y1—(CH2)z1—. In the formula, x1, y1 and z1 are each independently an integer of 0 to 10, and the sum of x1, y1 and z1 is 1 or more, the occurrence order of the respective repeating units enclosed in parentheses is not limited in the formula.
In the formula, R16 is each independently at each occurrence an oxygen atom, phenylene, carbazolylene, —NR18— (in the formula, R18 represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group), or a divalent organic group. Preferably, R18 is an oxygen atom or a divalent polar group.
Examples of the “divalent polar group” include, but are not limited to, —C(O)—, —C(═NR19)— and —C(O) NR19— (wherein R19 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group). The “lower alkyl group” is, for example, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, and n-propyl that is optionally substituted with one or more fluorine atoms.
In the formulae, R17 is each independently at each occurrence a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or a lower fluoroalkyl group, and is preferably a fluorine atom. The “lower fluoroalkyl group” is, for example, a fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms, preferably a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, more preferably a trifluoromethyl group or pentafluoroethyl group, and still more preferably a trifluoromethyl group.
In still another embodiment, examples of XA include the following group:
The radical scavenging group is not limited as long as it can scavenge a radical generated by light irradiation, and examples thereof include residues of benzophenones, benzotriazoles, benzoates, phenyl salicylates, crotonic acids, malonates, organoacrylates, hindered amines, hindered phenols, and triazines.
The UV absorbing group is not limited as long as it can absorb ultraviolet rays, and examples thereof include residues of benzotriazoles, hydroxybenzophenones, esters of substituted and unsubstituted benzoic acid or salicylic acid compounds, acrylates or alkoxy cinnamates, oxamides, oxanilides, benzoxazinones, and benzoxazoles.
In a preferred embodiment, examples of the preferred radical scavenging group or UV absorbing group include:
In this embodiment, XA may each independently be a tri- to decavalent organic group.
In still another embodiment, examples of XA include the following group:
wherein R25, R26, and R27 are each independently a di- to hexavalent organic group; and
R25 binds to at least one RF1, and R26 and R27 each bind to at least one RSi.
In one embodiment, R25 is a single bond, a C1-20 alkylene group, a C3-20 cycloalkylene group, a C5-20 arylene group, —R57—X58—R59—, —X58—R59—, or —R57—X58—. R57 and R59 are each independently a single bond, a C1-20 alkylene group, a C3-20 cycloalkylene group, or a C5-20 arylene group. X58 is —O—, —S—, —CO—, —O—CO—, or —COO—.
In one embodiment, R26 and R27 are each independently a hydrocarbon, or a group having at least one atom selected from N, O and S at the end or in the main chain of a hydrocarbon, and preferred examples thereof include C1-6 alkyl groups, —R36—R37—R36 and —R36—CHR382—. Here, R36 is each independently a single bond or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. R37 is N, O or S, preferably N or O. R38 is —R45—R46—R45—, —R46—R45— or —R45—R46—. where R45 is each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. R46 is N, O or S, preferably 0.
In this embodiment, XA may each independently be a tri- to decavalent organic group.
In one embodiment, the fluoropolyether group-containing silane compound of formula (1) or (2) does not contain a siloxane bonds (—Si—O—Si—).
The fluoropolyether group-containing silane compound represented by the formula (1) or the formula (2) is not limited, but may have an average molecular weight of 5×102 to 1×105. In particular, the average molecular weight is preferably 2,000 to 32,000, more preferably 2,500 to 12,000, from the viewpoint of abrasion durability. The “average molecular weight” refers to a number average molecular weight, and the “average molecular weight” is a value obtained by 19F-NMR measurement.
In one embodiment, the fluoropolyether group-containing silane compound in the surface-treating agent of the present disclosure is a compound represented by the formula (1).
In another embodiment, the fluoropolyether group-containing silane compound in the surface-treating agent of the present disclosure is a compound represented by the formula (2).
In another embodiment, the fluoropolyether group-containing silane compound in the surface-treating agent of the present disclosure is any of a compound represented by the formula (1) and a compound represented by the formula (2).
In the surface-treating agent of the present disclosure, the content of the compound represented by the formula (2) is preferably 0.1 mol % or more and 35 mol % or less based on the total of the compound represented by the formula (1) and the compound represented by the formula (2). The lower limit of the content of the compound represented by the formula (2) may be preferably 0.1 mol %, more preferably 0.2 mol %, still more preferably 0.5 mol %, further more preferably 1 mol %, particularly preferably 2 mol %, especially 5 mol %, based on the total of the compound represented by the formula (1) and the compound represented by the formula (2). The upper limit of the content of the compound represented by the formula (2) can be preferably 35 mol %, more preferably 30 mol %, still more preferably 20 mol %, further more preferably 15 mol % or 10 mol %, based on the total of the compound represented by the formula (1) and the compound represented by the formula (2). The compound represented by the formula (2) is preferably 0.1 mol % or more and 30 mol % or less, more preferably 0.1 mol % or more and 20 mol % or less, still more preferably 0.2 mol % or more and 10 mol % or less, further more preferably 0.5 mol % or more and 10 mol % or less, and particularly preferably 1 mol % or more and 10 mol % or less, for example, 2 mol % or more and 10 mol % or less, or 5 mol % or more and 10 mol % or less, based on the total of the compound represented by the formula (1) and the compound represented by the formula (2). When the content of the compound represented by the formula (2) is within the above-mentioned range, abrasion durability can be further improved.
The compound represented by the formula (1) or (2) can be obtained by a method described in, for example, Patent Literature 1.
The content of the compound represented by the formula (1) or (2) may be preferably 0.1 to 50.0% by mass, more preferably 1.0 to 30.0% by mass, still more preferably 5.0 to 25.0% by mass, particularly preferably 10.0 to 20.0% by mass, based on the total amount of the surface-treating agent.
When the content of the fluoropolyether group-containing silane compound falls within the above range, higher water- and oil-repellency can be obtained.
The amide compound is a compound that contains an amide group and can improve the abrasion durability of the surface-treating layer formed from the surface-treating agent of the present disclosure.
In a preferred embodiment, the amide compound is an amide compound represented by the following formula (A):
NR61R62—COR63 (A)
wherein
In the formula (A), the alkyl group may be linear or branched. The alkyl group is preferably linear.
In the formula (A), the alkylene group may be linear or branched. The alkylene group is preferably linear.
R61 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-10 alkyl group.
In one embodiment, R61 is a hydrogen atom.
In another embodiment, R61 is a C1-10 alkyl group.
The C1-10 alkyl group is preferably a C1-6 alkyl group, more preferably a C1-3 alkyl group, and still more preferably a C1-2 alkyl group.
R62 is a C1-10 alkyl group, and is preferably a C1-6 alkyl group, more preferably a C1-3 alkyl group, and still more preferably a C1-2 alkyl group.
In a preferred embodiment, R61 and R62 are a C1-2 alkyl group, preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group, and more preferably a methyl group.
R63 is a hydrogen atom, a C1-10 alkyl group, NR652, or —R66x—R67y—R68; or R62 and R63 are bonded to each other to form —R62—R63—, where —R62—R63— is a C3-4 alkylene group or —C2-3 alkylene-NR65—.
In one embodiment, R63 is a hydrogen atom.
In one embodiment, R63 is a C1-10 alkyl group, and is preferably a C1-6 alkyl group, more preferably a C1-4 alkyl group, still more preferably a C1-3 alkyl group, and particularly preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group.
In one embodiment, R63 is NR652.
R65 is each independently a hydrogen atom or a C1-10 alkyl group, preferably a C1-10 alkyl group. The C1-10 alkyl group is preferably a C1-6 alkyl group, more preferably a C1-4 alkyl group, still more preferably a C1-3 alkyl group, and particularly preferably a methyl group.
In —R66x—R67y—R68, R66 is each independently at each occurrence a C1-6 alkylene group (preferably C1-4 alkylene group, more preferably C2-3 alkylene group); R67 is an oxygen atom; R68 is a C1-6 alkyl group (preferably C1-4 alkyl group); x is an integer of 1 to 6 (preferably an integer of 1 to 3); y is an integer of 1 to 6 (preferably an integer of 1 to 3); the occurrence order of R66 and R67 in —R66x—R67y—R68 is not limited. Preferably, —R66x—R67y—R68 is bonded to the carbon atom of the amide group by R66.
In one embodiment, R63 is —R66x—R67y—R68, preferably —R66—R67—R68. In one embodiment, R63 is —R66—O—R68—. In another embodiment, R63 is —R66—CO—R68—.
In another embodiment, R62 and R63 are bonded to each other to form —R62—R63—, where —R62—R63— is a C3-4 alkylene group or —C2-3 alkylene-NR65—. That is, R62 and R63, together with the nitrogen atom and carbon atom to which they are bonded, form a 5- or 6-membered ring. In a preferred embodiment, such a 5- or 6-membered ring is a pyrrolidone ring or a tetrahydropyrimidinone ring that may be N-substituted.
In a preferred embodiment, R61 and R62 are a C1-2 alkyl group, R63 is —R66—O—R68, R66 is a C2-3 alkylene group, and R68 is a C1-4 alkyl group.
In another preferred embodiment, R61 is a C1-2 alkyl group, and R62 and R63 are bonded to each other to form —R62—R63—, where —R62—R63— is a C3 alkylene group.
The boiling point of the above amide compound under atmospheric pressure is preferably 150 to 300° C., more preferably 180 to 260° C.
The content of the amide compound is 0.5 to 10.0% by mass based on the total amount of the surface-treating agent.
The surface-treating agent of the present disclosure can form a surface-treating layer having high abrasion durability by containing the amide compound in the content described above.
In a preferred embodiment, the content of the amide compound is preferably 1.0 to 9.0% by mass based on the total amount of the surface-treating agent.
In a preferred embodiment, in the surface-treating agent of the present disclosure, the mass ratio of the fluoropolyether group-containing silane compound to the amide compound is preferably 1:100 to 50:1, more preferably 1:50 to 30:1, and still more preferably 1:30 to 20:1.
In one embodiment, in the surface-treating agent of the present disclosure, the mass ratio of the fluoropolyether group-containing silane compound to the amide compound is preferably 1:1 to 50:1, more preferably 2:1 to 40:1, still more preferably 2:1 to 10:1, and further preferably 2:1 to 5:1.
The surface-treating agent of the present disclosure imparts water- and oil-repellency to the surface-treating layer by containing the fluoropolyether group-containing silane compound, and imparts high abrasion durability to the surface-treating layer by containing the amide compound.
Although the present invention is not bound by any theory, it is considered that this is because the fluoropolyether group-containing silane compound in the surface-treating agent suppresses condensation by the amide compound.
Therefore, when the fluoropolyether group-containing silane compound has a plurality of Si atoms bonded to the hydrolyzable group, the effect can be more effectively obtained.
The surface-treating agent of the present disclosure can contain a (unreactive) fluoropolyether compound which can be understood as solvent or fluorine-containing oil, preferably a perfluoro(poly)ether compound (hereinafter, referred to collectively as “fluorine-containing oil”), a (unreactive) silicone compound which can be understood as a silicone oil (hereinafter, referred to as “silicone oil”), an alcohol, a compatibilizing agent, a catalyst, a surfactant, a polymerization inhibitor, a sensitizer and the like.
Examples of the solvent include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, undecane, dodecane, and mineral spirits; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, naphthalene, and solvent naphtha; esters such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, cellosolve acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, carbitol acetate, diethyl oxalate, ethyl pyruvate, ethyl 2-hydroxybutyrate, ethyl acetoacetate, amyl acetate, methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, methyl 3-methoxypropionate, ethyl 3-methoxypropionate, methyl 2-hydroxyisobutyrate, and ethyl 2-hydroxyisobutyrate; ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, 2-hexanone, cyclohexanone, methyl amino ketone, and 2-heptanone; glycol ethers such as ethyl cellosolve, methyl cellosolve, methyl cellosolve acetate, ethyl cellosolve acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether, and ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, sec-butanol, 3-pentanol, octyl alcohol, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, and tert-amyl alcohol; glycols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol; cyclic ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, and dioxane; amides such as N,N-dimethylformamide and N,N-dimethylacetamide; ether alcohols such as methyl cellosolve, cellosolve, isopropyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve, and diethylene glycol monomethyl ether; diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate; and fluorine-containing solvents such as 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, dimethyl sulfoxide, 1,1-dichloro-1,2,2,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HCFC 225), Zeorora H, HFE 7100, HFE 7200, HFE 7300, CF3CH2OH, CF3CF2CH2OH, and (CF3)2CHOH. Alternatively, the solvent may be a mixed solvent of two or more of such solvents.
The fluorine-containing oil is not limited, and examples thereof include a compound (perfluoro(poly)ether compound) represented by the following general formula (3).
Rf5—(OC4F8)a′—(OC3F6)b′—(OC2F4)c′—(OCF2)d′—Rf6 (3)
In the formula, Rf5 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms optionally substituted with one or more fluorine atoms (preferably, a C1-16 perfluoroalkyl group), Rf6 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms optionally substituted with one or more fluorine atoms (preferably, a C1-16 perfluoroalkyl group), a fluorine atom, or a hydrogen atom, and Rf5 and Rf6 are each independently, more preferably, a C1-3 perfluoroalkyl group.
a′, b′, c′, and d′ represent the respective four numbers of repeating units in perfluoro(poly)ether constituting the main backbone of the polymer and are mutually independently an integer of 0 or more and 300 or less, and the sum of a′, b′, c′, and d′ is at least 1, preferably 1 to 300, more preferably 20 to 300. The occurrence order of the respective repeating units enclosed in parentheses provided with the subscript a′, b′, c′, or d′ is not limited in the formula. Among such repeating units, —(OC4F8)— may be any of —(OCF2CF2CF2CF2)—, —(OCF(CF3) CF2CF2)—, —(OCF2CF(CF3) CF2)—, —(OCF2CF2CF(CF3))—, —(OC(CF3)2CF2)—, —(OCF2C(CF3)2)—, —(OCF(CF3)CF(CF3))—, —(OCF(C2F5)CF2)—, and (OCF2CF(C2F5))—, but it is preferably —(OCF2CF2CF2CF2)—. —(OC3F6)— may be any of (OCF2CF2CF2)—, —(OCF(CF3) CF2)—, and (OCF2CF(CF3))—, and it is preferably —(OCF2CF2CF2)—. —(OC2F4)— may be any of —(OCF2CF2)—and (OCF(CF3))—, but it is preferably —(OCF2CF2)—.
Examples of the perfluoro(poly)ether compound represented by the above general formula (3) include a compound represented by any of the following general formulae (3a) and (3b) (which may be used singly or as a mixture of two or more kinds thereof).
Rf5—(OCF2CF2CF2)b″—Rf6 (3a)
Rf5—(OCF2CF2CF2CF2)a″—(OCF2CF2CF2)b″—(OCF2CF2)c″—(OCF2)d″—Rf6 (3b)
In these formulae, Rf5 and Rf6 are as described above; in formula (3a), b″ is an integer of 1 or more and 100 or less; and in formula (3b), a″ and b″ are each independently an integer of 0 or more and 30 or less, and c″ and d″ are each independently an integer of 1 or more and 300 or less.
The occurrence order of the respective repeating units enclosed in parentheses provided with the subscript a″, b″, c″, or d″ is not limited in the formula.
Alternatively, from another viewpoint, the fluorine-containing oil may be a compound represented by general formula Rf3—F, wherein Rf3 is a C5-16 perfluoroalkyl group.
The fluorine-containing oil may be a chlorotrifluoroethylene oligomer.
The above fluorine-containing oil may have an average molecular weight of 500 to 10,000. The molecular weight of the fluorine-containing oil can be measured using GPC.
The fluorine-containing oil may be contained in an amount of, for example, 0 to 50 mass %, preferably 0 to 30 mass %, and more preferably 0 to 5 mass % based on the surface-treating agent of the present disclosure. In one embodiment, the surface-treating agent of the present disclosure is substantially free from the fluorine-containing oil. Being substantially free from the fluorine-containing oil means that the fluorine-containing oil is not contained at all, or an extremely small amount of the fluorine-containing oil may be contained.
In one embodiment, the average molecular weight of the fluorine-containing oil may be greater than the average molecular weight of the fluoropolyether group-containing silane compound. With such average molecular weights, better abrasion durability and surface lubricity can be obtained, in the case of forming the surface-treating layer by the vacuum deposition method.
In one embodiment, the average molecular weight of the fluorine-containing oil may be smaller than the average molecular weight of the fluoropolyether group-containing silane compound. With such average molecular weights, it is possible to form a cured product having high abrasion durability and high surface lubricity while suppressing reduction in the transparency of a surface-treating layer obtained from the compound.
The fluorine-containing oil contributes to improving surface lubricity of the layer formed by the surface-treating agent of the present disclosure.
For example, a linear or cyclic silicone oil having 2,000 or less siloxane bonds can be used as the silicone oil.
The linear silicone oil may be a so-called straight silicone oil or modified silicone oil. Examples of the straight silicone oil include dimethyl silicone oil, methyl phenyl silicone oil, and methyl hydrogen silicone oil. Examples of the modified silicone oil include those obtained by modifying a straight silicone oil with alkyl, aralkyl, polyether, higher fatty acid ester, fluoroalkyl, amino, epoxy, carboxyl, alcohol, or the like. Examples of the cyclic silicone oil include cyclic dimethylsiloxane oil.
In the surface-treating agent of the present disclosure, such a silicone oil may be contained in an amount of, for example, 0 to 300 parts by mass, and preferably 50 to 200 parts by mass, based on the total 100 parts by mass of the above fluoropolyether group-containing silane compound of the present disclosure (in the case of two or more kinds, the total thereof, and the same applies below).
The silicone oil contributes to improving the surface lubricity of the surface-treating layer.
Examples of the alcohols include alcohols having 1 to 6 carbon atoms optionally substituted with one or more fluorine atoms, such as methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol, tert-butanol, CF3CH2OH, CF3CF2CH2OH, and (CF3)2CHOH. By adding these alcohols to the surface-treating agent, the stability of the surface-treating agent is improved, and the miscibility between the perfluoropolyether group-containing silane compound and the solvent is improved.
Examples of the compatibilizing agent include a fluorine-substituted alcohol such as 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoro-1-propanol, or 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoro-1-pentanol, preferably a fluorine-substituted alcohol having a CF2H end, and a fluorine-substituted aryl such as 1,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene, preferably a fluorine-substituted benzene.
Examples of the above catalyst include an acid (such as acetic acid and trifluoroacetic acid), a base (such as ammonia, triethylamine, and diethylamine), and a transition metal (such as Ti, Ni, and Sn).
The catalyst promotes hydrolysis and dehydrative condensation of the fluoropolyether group-containing silane compound of the present disclosure, and promotes formation of a layer formed of the surface-treating agent of the present disclosure.
Examples of the other components include, in addition to those described above, tetraethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and methyltriacetoxysilane.
The surface-treating agent of the present disclosure can be formed into pellets by impregnating a porous material such as a porous ceramic material or a metal fiber such as a fiber obtained by, for example, solidifying steel wool in a cotton-like form therewith. Such pellets can be used in, for example, vacuum deposition.
The surface-treating agent of the present disclosure may contain, in addition to the above-described components, a trace amount of impurities such as Pt, Rh, Ru, 1,3-divinyltetramethyldisiloxane, triphenylphosphine, NaCl, KCl, and silane condensates.
Hereinafter, an article of the present disclosure will be described.
The article of the present disclosure comprises a substrate and a layer (surface-treating layer) on a surface of the substrate, the layer being formed of the surface-treating agent according to the present disclosure.
The substrate usable in the present disclosure may be composed of any suitable material such as glass, resin (which may be natural or synthetic resin such as a commonly used plastic material), metal, ceramics, semiconductors (such as silicon and germanium), fiber (such as woven fabric and nonwoven fabric), fur, leather, wood, pottery, stone, building materials, and sanitary articles.
For example, when the article to be produced is an optical member, the material constituting the surface of the substrate may be a material for an optical member, such as glass or a transparent plastic. When the article to be produced is an optical member, some layer (or film) such as a hard coat layer or an antireflection layer may be formed on the surface (the outermost layer) of the substrate. The antireflection layer may be any of a single-layer antireflection layer and a multi-layer antireflection layer. Examples of inorganic substances usable in the antireflection layer include SiO2, SiO, ZrO2, TiO2, TiO, Ti2O3, Ti2O5, Al2O3, Ta2O5, Ta3O5, Nb2O5, HfO2, Si3N4, CeO2, MgO, Y2O3, SnO2, MgF2, and WO3. One of these inorganic substances may be used singly, or two or more kinds thereof may be used in combination (for example, as a mixture). In the case of a multi-layer antireflection layer, it is preferable to use SiO2 and/or SiO for the outermost layer thereof. When the article to be produced is an optical glass component for a touch panel, a part of the surface of the substrate (glass) may have a transparent electrode such as a thin film in which indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide, or the like is used. The substrate, according to its specific configuration or the like, may have an insulating layer, an adhesive layer, a protecting layer, a decorated frame layer (I-CON), an atomizing film layer, a hard coating layer, a polarizing film, a phase difference film, a liquid crystal display module, or the like.
The shape of the substrate is not limited, and may be, for example, in the form of a plate, a film, or the like.
The surface region of the substrate on which a surface-treating layer is to be formed may be at least a part of the substrate surface, and may be suitably determined according to the application, specific configuration, and the like of an article to be produced.
In one embodiment, the substrate, or at least the surface portion thereof, may be composed of a material originally having a hydroxyl group. Examples of the material include glass, as well as metal (in particular, base metal) where a natural oxidized film or a thermal oxidized film is formed on the surface, ceramics, and semiconductors.
Alternatively, when the substrate has an insufficient amount of hydroxyl groups or when the substrate originally has no hydroxyl group as in resin and the like, a pre-treatment may be performed on the substrate to thereby introduce or increase hydroxyl groups on the surface of the substrate.
Examples of such a pre-treatment include a plasma treatment (for example, corona discharge) and ion beam irradiation.
The plasma treatment can be suitably utilized to not only introduce or increase hydroxyl groups on the substrate surface, but also clean the substrate surface (remove foreign matter and the like). Another example of such a pre-treatment is a method wherein a monolayer of a surface adsorbent having a carbon-carbon unsaturated bonding group is formed on the surface of the substrate by a LB method (a Langmuir-Blodgett method), a chemical adsorption method, or the like beforehand, and thereafter cleaving the unsaturated bond under an atmosphere containing oxygen, nitrogen, or the like.
In another embodiment, the substrate may be that of which at least the surface portion be composed of a material comprising other reactive group such as a silicone compound having one or more Si—H group or alkoxysilane.
In a preferred embodiment, the substrate is glass. The glass is preferably sapphire glass, soda-lime glass, alkali aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, alkali-free glass, crystal glass, or quartz glass, particularly preferably chemically tempered soda-lime glass, chemically tempered alkali aluminosilicate glass, and chemically bonded borosilicate glass.
The article of the present disclosure can be produced by forming a layer of the surface-treating agent of the present disclosure on the surface of the substrate and post-treating this layer as necessary to thereby form a layer from the surface-treating agent of the present disclosure.
The layer of the surface-treating agent of the present disclosure can be formed by applying the above surface-treating agent on the surface of the substrate such that the surface-treating agent coats the surface. The coating method is not limited. For example, a wet coating method and a dry coating method can be used.
Examples of the wet coating method include dip coating, spin coating, flow coating, spray coating, roll coating, gravure coating, and similar methods.
Examples of the dry coating method include deposition (usually, vacuum deposition), sputtering, CVD, and similar methods. Specific examples of the deposition method (usually, a vacuum deposition method) include resistive heating, high-frequency heating using electron beam, microwave or the like, ion beam, and similar methods. Specific examples of the CVD method include plasma-CVD, optical CVD, thermal CVD, and similar methods.
Furthermore, coating by an atmospheric pressure plasma method can be performed.
When using the wet coating method, the surface-treating agent of the present disclosure can be applied to the substrate surface after being diluted with a solvent. From the viewpoint of the stability of the composition of the present disclosure and the volatility of solvents, the following solvents are preferably used: perfluoroaliphatic hydrocarbons having 5 to 12 carbon atoms (such as perfluorohexane, perfluoromethylcyclohexane, and perfluoro-1,3-dimethylcyclohexane); polyfluoroaromatic hydrocarbons (such as bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene); polyfluoroaliphatic hydrocarbons (such as C6F13CH2CH3 (such as Asahiklin (registered trademark) AC-6000 manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), and 1,1,2,2,3,3,4-heptafluorocyclopentane (such as Zeorora (registered trademark) H manufactured by Zeon Corporation)); alkyl perfluoroalkyl ethers (the perfluoroalkyl group and the alkyl group may be linear or branched) such as hydrofluoroether (HFE) (such as perfluoropropyl methyl ether (C3F7OCH3) (such as Novec (trademark) 7000 manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Limited), perfluorobutyl methyl ether (C4F9OCH3) (such as Novec (trademark) 7100 manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Limited), perfluorobutyl ethyl ether (C4F90C2H5) (such as Novec (trademark) 7200 manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Limited), and perfluorohexyl methyl ether (C2F5CF(OCH3)C3F7) (such as Novec (trademark) 7300 manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Limited), or CF3CH2OCF2CHF2 (such as Asahiklin (registered trademark) AE-3000 manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.)). One of these solvents may be used singly, or two or more may be used as a mixture. In particular, hydrofluoroether is preferable, and perfluorobutyl methyl ether (C4F9OCH3) and/or perfluorobutyl ethyl ether (C4F9OC2H5) is particularly preferable.
When using the dry coating method, the surface-treating agent of the present disclosure may be directly subjected to the dry coating method, or may be diluted with the above solvent before being subjected to the dry coating method.
A layer of the surface-treating agent is preferably formed such that the surface-treating agent of the present disclosure coexists in the layer with a catalyst for hydrolysis and dehydrative condensation. Conveniently, in the case of a wet coating method, the surface-treating agent of the present disclosure is diluted with a solvent, and then, immediately before application to the substrate surface, a catalyst may be added to the diluted solution of the surface-treating agent of the present disclosure. In the case of a dry coating method, the surface-treating agent of the present disclosure to which a catalyst has been added is directly used to a deposition (usually vacuum deposition) treatment, or a pellet-like material may be used to a deposition (usually vacuum deposition) treatment, wherein the pellets are obtained by impregnating a porous body of metal such as iron or copper with the surface-treating agent of the present disclosure to which the catalyst has been added.
Any suitable acid or base can be used as a catalyst. For example, acetic acid, formic acid, and trifluoroacetic acid can be used as the acid catalyst. For example, ammonia and organic amines can be used as the base catalyst.
The surface-treating layer contained in the article of the present disclosure has both high abrasion durability. The surface-treating layer may have not only high abrasion durability but also have, depending on the compositional features of the surface-treating agent used, water-repellency, oil-repellency, antifouling property (for example, preventing fouling such as fingerprints from adhering), waterproof property (preventing water from penetrating into electronic components and the like), surface lubricity (or lubricity, such as wiping property for fouling including fingerprints and the like and excellent tactile sensations to the fingers), chemical resistance, and the like, and may be suitably utilized as a functional thin film.
Therefore, the present disclosure further relates to an optical material having the surface-treating layer in the outermost layer.
The optical material preferably includes a wide variety of optical materials in addition to optical materials relating to displays and the like as exemplified below: for example, displays such as cathode ray tubes (CRTs; for example, PC monitors), liquid crystal displays, plasma displays, organic EL displays, inorganic thin-film EL dot matrix displays, rear projection displays, vacuum fluorescent displays (VFDs), field emission displays (FEDs); protective plates for such displays; and those obtained by performing an antireflection film treatment on their surfaces.
The article of the present disclosure may be, but is not limited to, an optical member. Examples of the optical member include lenses of glasses or the like; front surface protective plates, antireflection plates, polarizing plates, and anti-glare plates for displays such as PDPs and LCDs; touch panel sheets for devices such as mobile phones and personal digital assistants; disc surfaces of optical discs such as Blu-ray (registered trademark) discs, DVD discs, CD-Rs, and MOs; optical fibers; and display surfaces of watches and clocks.
The article of the present disclosure may be medical equipment or a medical material.
The thickness of the above layer is not limited. The thickness of the above layer in the case of an optical member is in the range of 1 to 50 nm, 1 to 30 nm, and preferably 1 to 15 nm, from the viewpoint of optical performance, abrasion durability, and antifouling property.
The article of the present disclosure has been described in detail above. The article of the present disclosure, the method for producing the article, and the like are not limited to those exemplified above.
The present disclosure includes the following embodiments.
RF1α—XA—RSiβ (1)
RSiγ—XA—RF2—XA—RSiγ (2)
—(OC6F12)a—(OC5F10)b—(OC4F8)c—(OC3RFa6)d—(OC2F4)e—(OCF2)f—
—(OC3F6)d—(OC2F4)e— (f1)
—(OC4F8)c—(OC3F6)d—(OC2F4)e—(OCF2)f— (f2)
—(R6—R7)g— (f3)
—(OC6F12)a—(OC5F10)b—(OC4F8)c—(OC3F6)d—(OC2F4)e—(OCF2)f— (f4)
—(OC6F12)a—(OC5F10)b—(OC4F8)c—(OC3F6)d—(OC2F4)e(OCF2)f— (f5)
NR61R62—COR63 (A)
Hereinafter, an article of the present disclosure will be described in Examples, but the present disclosure is not limited to the following Examples. In the Examples, the occurrence order of the repeating units constituting fluoropolyether is not limited, and all chemical formulae shown below indicate average compositional features.
The following compounds were used as the fluoropolyether group-containing silane compound and the amide compound.
Fluoropolyether Group-Containing Silane Compound
Amide Compound
Solvent
Compatibilizing Agent
The surface-treating agents of Examples 1 to 32 and Comparative Examples 1 to 10 were prepared by adding the amide compound, the compatibilizing agent, and the like in the amounts shown in Table 1 below to Nor7200 solutions containing 20% by mass of the fluoropolyether group-containing silane compounds shown in Table 1 below.
The surface-treating agents prepared as described above (Examples 1 to 28 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7) were each vacuum-deposited on a chemically tempered glass (“Gorilla” glass, manufactured by Corning Incorporated, thickness 0.7 mm). The treatment conditions for the vacuum deposition were set to pressures of 3.0×10−3 Pa, and a silicon dioxide film was first formed on the surface of chemically tempered glass, followed by the deposition of 400 mg of a surface-treating agent to form a surface-treating layer.
The surface-treating agents of Examples 29 to 32 and Comparative Examples 8 to 10 were prepared by dissolving 0.12% by mass of the fluoropolyether group-containing silane compounds shown in Table 2 below, and the amide compound, the compatibilizing agent, and the like in the amounts shown in Table 2 below in Nor7200.
Onto a chemically tempered glass (50 mm×50 mm) set on a spin coater, 1 g of the surface-treating agent obtained above was dropped, and then the glass was rotated for 30 seconds in 3000 rpm to form a coating layer of the surface-treating agent. Thereafter, the glass was heated using a ventilation oven to form a surface-treating layer on the chemically tempered glass.
Using a rubbing tester (manufactured by Shinto Scientific Co., Ltd.), the water resistance contact angle was measured every 2,500 rubs under the following conditions, and the test was continued until it reached 10,000 rubs or until the angle became less than 100°, and the final number of times of abrasion at which the contact angle of 1000 was maintained was compared. The test environment conditions were 25° C. and a humidity of 40% RH. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.
The intermolecular reactivity of the silane coupling site of the fluoropolyether group-containing silane compound was evaluated. To each of the solutions of Example 6 and Comparative Example 1, 9 equivalents of water relative to the fluoropolyether group-containing silane compound was added, followed by stirring. Thereafter, 29Si-NMR was measured over time, and with respect to the silane coupling site, peak changes were observed in the peaks indicating the non-condensed state (Mn), peaks indicating that one of trialkoxys are condensed (Dn), and peaks indicating that two of trialkoxys are condensed (Tn). The results are shown in the FIGURE.
From the above results, it was confirmed that the condensation of the surface-treating agent in Comparative Example 1 proceeded after 14 hours of water addition and further after 37 hours. On the other hand, in the surface-treating agent of Example 6, a large amount of non-condensed components remained even 36 hours after the addition of water, which confirmed that the intermolecular condensation between the fluoropolyether group-containing silane compounds was suppressed.
The article of the present disclosure can be suitably used in various applications, for example, as an optical member of a touch panel or the like.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021-006477 | Jan 2021 | JP | national |
This application is a Rule 53(b) Continuation of International Application No. PCT/JP2022/000394 filed on Jan. 7, 2022, claiming priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-006477 filed on Jan. 19, 2021, the respective disclosures of all of the above of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/JP2022/000394 | Jan 2022 | US |
| Child | 18354183 | US |
